CN104909908B - A kind of field flue-cured tobacco conditioning agent and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of field flue-cured tobacco conditioning agent and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of field flue-cured tobacco conditioning agent, including following raw material：Using water as solvent, volume ratio number meter by weight, 0.2 ~ 0.4kg/L of potassium nitrate, 0.2 ~ 0.4kg/L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2.0 ~ 3.0g/L of magnesium chloride, 5.0 ~ 6.0g/L of calcium nitrate, 0.5 ~ 1.5g/L of sodium tetraborate, 0.2 ~ 0.6kg/L of potassium humate, 8 ~ 25mg/L of abscisic acid, 12 ~ 28mg/L of auxin, 0.3 ~ 1.8mg/L of brassinosteroid, appropriate amount of ethanol.The present invention also provides the preparation method and application of above-mentioned conditioning agent, can promote the resistance to maturity in flue-cured tobacco field according to conditioning agent provided by the invention, tobacco leaf maturation falls Huang unanimously, and then improves the yield and quality of cured tobacco leaf.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to flue-cured tobacco conditioning agent field, more particularly, to a kind of field flue-cured tobacco conditioning agent and preparation method thereof
And application.
Background technology
Maturity of Tobacco Leaf and tobacco leaf color, physiological and biochemical index, physical characteristic, chemical composition, sucking quality and security
It is closely related, it is the important quality factor that cigarette enterprise judges quality of tobacco.The maturity of tobacco leaf includes seedling-forming rate in field and divided
Level maturity.General seedling-forming rate in field is good, and the tobacco leaf after correctly baking modulation, classification maturity might as well.
Cigarette district tobacco leaf mature period temperature in China southeast is gradually risen, and rainfall is more concentrated, and field tobacco leaf is hot and humid
In the environment of be easily caused high temperature and force ripe, while inferior leads are due to illumination deficiency, malnutritive and " bottom baking " phenomenon occur, flue-cured tobacco
Resistance to maturity decline.The tobacco leaf of resistance to maturity difference is accumulated and decomposed by sufficient material due to no during maturing, flue-cured tobacco
Maturity is deteriorated, and cured tobacco leaf chemical composition is uncoordinated, and quality of tobacco declines.
Flue-cured tobacco resistance to maturity in field is the important prerequisite that flue-cured tobacco can carry out normal physiological and biochemical activity during maturing.It is resistance to
The good tobacco leaf of maturity, can carry out normal material accumulation and conversion during maturing, ensure tobacco leaf can normal mature fall Huang,
The maturity of field tobacco leaf improves, and chemical composition is more coordinated, and quality is preferable.If the resistance to maturity of field flue-cured tobacco is poor, certainly will lead
Cause Maturity of Tobacco Leaf to decline, influence the formation of Flue-cured tobacco Quality, it is difficult to meet the needs of cigarette enterprise is to quality raw materials.
The content of the invention
Deficiency of the invention according to current flue-cured tobacco conditioning agent technology, there is provided a kind of field flue-cured tobacco conditioning agent, the conditioning agent
The resistance to maturity in flue-cured tobacco field can be promoted, tobacco leaf maturation falls Huang unanimously, and then improves the yield and quality of cured tobacco leaf.
It is another object of the present invention to provide the preparation method and application of above-mentioned conditioning agent.
The present invention obtains above-mentioned technique effect by the following technical programs：
The invention provides a kind of field flue-cured tobacco conditioning agent, including following raw material：
Using water as solvent, volume ratio number meter by weight, 0.2 ~ 0.4kg/L of potassium nitrate, 0.2 ~ 0.4kg/L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate,
2.0 ~ 3.0g/L of magnesium chloride, 5.0 ~ 6.0g/L of calcium nitrate, 0.5 ~ 1.5g/L of sodium tetraborate, 0.2 ~ 0.6kg/L of potassium humate, come off
Acid 8 ~ 25mg/L, 12 ~ 28mg/L of auxin, 0.3 ~ 1.8mg/L of brassinosteroid, appropriate amount of ethanol.
The present invention conditioning agent mainly include three class main components, be respectively with potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium chloride,
Calcium nitrate, sodium tetraborate, the compound fertilizer that potassium humate is foliar nutrition composition, with abscisic acid (ABA), auxin (IAA), oil
Rape lactone (BR) is tobacco growth conditioning agent, using absolute ethyl alcohol as tobacco growth conditioning agent chaotropic agent.After tobacco growth
The nutrients such as phase flue-cured tobacco potassium, calcium, magnesium easily lack, and compound liquid fertilizer can meet the needs of flue-cured tobacco is to these elements, make to bake
Cigarette normal development is ripe.ABA, IAA, BR can adjust metabolism direction and the metabolic rate of flue-cured tobacco in the present invention, improve flue-cured tobacco field
Maturity.Mentioned component can significantly improve flue-cured tobacco stage of ripeness nutrition condition, improve the resistance to maturity of flue-cured tobacco, promote field tobacco leaf can
Normal mature falls Huang, improves the hierarchical organization of flue-cured tobacco seedling-forming rate in field and cured tobacco leaf.
Preferably, the conditioning agent is as follows：0.2 ~ 0.3kg/L of potassium nitrate, 0.2 ~ 0.3kg/L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium chloride 2
~ 2.64g/L, 5.5 ~ 5.94g/L of calcium nitrate, 0.84 ~ 1.24g/L of sodium tetraborate, 0.3 ~ 0.5kg/L of potassium humate, abscisic acid 10 ~
20mg/L, 15 ~ 25mg/L of auxin, 0.5 ~ 1.5mg/L of brassinosteroid, appropriate amount of ethanol.
It is highly preferred that when flue-cured tobacco crop field fertility development condition is good, nutrition condition is normal, grows neat and consistent, the tune
It is as follows to save agent：Potassium nitrate 0.25kg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.25kg/L, magnesium chloride 2.32g/L, calcium nitrate 5.72g/L, tetraboric acid
Sodium 1.04g/L, humic acid potassium 0.4kg/L, ABA 15mg/L, IAA 20 mg/L, BR 1mg/L, ethanol 30ml.
It is highly preferred that working as flue-cured tobacco crop field overnutrition, blade is thicker, dark green leaf color, and the conditioning agent is as follows：Potassium nitrate
0.2kg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2kg/L, magnesium chloride 2g/L, calcium nitrate 5.5g/L, sodium tetraborate 0.84g/L, humic acid potassium
0.3kg/L, ABA 20mg/L, IAA 15 mg/L, BR 0.5mg/L, ethanol.
It is highly preferred that when the development of flue-cured tobacco grown in field is poor, poor nutritional, leaf color is thin, and blade is relatively thin, the conditioning agent
It is as follows：Potassium nitrate 0.3kg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3kg/L, magnesium chloride 2.64g/L, calcium nitrate 5.94g/L, sodium tetraborate
1.24g/L, humic acid potassium 0.5kg/L, ABA 10mg/L, IAA 25 mg/L, BR 1.5mg/L, ethanol 30ml.
The present invention provides the preparation method of above-mentioned conditioning agent, comprises the following steps：
S1. by potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium chloride, calcium nitrate, sodium tetraborate, potassium humate, 10 ~ 30 points are dried
Clock, dry after being crushed in pulverizer, the solute after crushing is dissolved in water, stir to all solutes and all dissolve, wiring solution-forming
a；
S2. abscisic acid, auxin, brassinosteroid are dissolved in absolute ethyl alcohol, stirred, be configured to solution b；
S3. pH value of solution will be adjusted to 5.5 ~ 6.5, produce the conditioning agent after solution a and solution b is well mixed.
In S2 steps, there is provided absolute ethyl alcohol only as dissolving abscisic acid (ABA), auxin (IAA), brassinosteroid
(BR) use, therefore, its dosage is appropriately to dissolve above-mentioned three kinds of materials.
Preferably, drying temperature is 50 ~ 100 DEG C in the S1 steps, and it is 50 ~ 80 mesh to smash to composition fineness.
Preferably, whipping temp is 20 ~ 35 DEG C in the S1 steps, and stir speed (S.S.) is 80 ~ 120r/min.
Applied according to conditioning agent provided by the invention as crop field flue-cured tobacco conditioning agent, tobacco leaf Mature can be significantly improved
Degree, improve quality of tobacco.The application process of the conditioning agent is to use for 2 ~ 3 days after tobacco growth topping.
It is highly preferred that conditioning agent selection provided by the invention is sprayed in the dusk of fine day, suction of the flue-cured tobacco to conditioning agent
Receive utilizing status more preferably.
Further, the spraying concentration is watered 50L using conditioning agent described in 300ml for every mu and used, and sprays position
Upper Leaf of Flue-cured Tobacco and middle leaf are concentrated on, inferior leads should be sprayed on a small quantity, and the above, middle leaf are sufficiently humidified so as to, and inferior leads slightly moisten
It is advisable.
Flue-cured tobacco upper, middle and lower portion leaf can be dramatically increased by conditioning agent provided by the invention and adopt roasting preceding chlorophyll a, Ye Lv
Plain b, chlorophyll total amount and carotenoid content, i.e., the content of baking of flue-cured tobacco proplastid pigment can be lifted, so as to improve flue-cured tobacco
Seedling-forming rate in field.
The carotenoids content of flue-cured tobacco after tobacco flue-curing can be obviously improved by conditioning agent provided by the invention, and class is recklessly
Radish element is tobacco aroma composition important precursor, therefore improves the maturity of cured tobacco leaf, makes cured tobacco leaf colourity more
Dense, color and luster is more preferable.
By being found after applying conditioning agent after flue-cured tobacco transplanting, it suitable will adopt phase, overripe stage and the number of days of resistance to maturity and compare, this hair
The conditioning agent of bright offer can lift the resistance to maturity of flue-cured tobacco upper, middle and lower portion leaf, improve the seedling-forming rate in field of flue-cured tobacco.
Analyzed by progress flue-cured tobacco economic characters after conditioning agent is applied into flue-cured tobacco, after discovery sprays conditioning agent, baked
Yield, the output value, average price, first-class cigarette ratio and the better-than-average cigarette ratio of cigarette are higher than compareing respectively.Illustrate regulation provided by the invention
Agent can supplement the nutrient that flue-cured tobacco lacks in the maturity period, meet the needs of flue-cured tobacco maturity period is to part nutrient, can be flue-cured tobacco
The material accumulation of normal mature lays the first stone.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below and beneficial effect：
Conditioning agent provided by the invention disclosure satisfy that different flue-cured tobacco grown in field situation nutritional needs, lifted on flue-cured tobacco, in,
The resistance to maturity of inferior leads, improves the seedling-forming rate in field of flue-cured tobacco, and is obviously improved carotenoid content after baking of flue-cured tobacco, therefore changes
It has been apt to the maturity of cured tobacco leaf, has made that cured tobacco leaf colourity is denseer, and color and luster is more preferable；The fertilizer efficiency caused by soil application can be avoided
Slowly, easily cause the tobacco leaf later stage to be difficult to the shortcomings of de- fertilizer is ripe, a great number of elements nitrogen that the supplement flue-cured tobacco later stage is needed badly, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and
Micro- sodium, boron, meet nutrient needed for flue-cured tobacco later period growth and development and normal mature, and the yield of flue-cured tobacco, the output value,
Valency, first-class cigarette ratio and better-than-average cigarette ratio are obviously improved.
Embodiment
Further illustrate the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but embodiment the present invention is not done it is any type of
Limit.Unless stated otherwise, the method and apparatus that the present invention uses is the art conventional method and equipment.Except non-specifically saying
Bright, agents useful for same and material of the present invention are purchased in market.
Embodiment 1
Conditioning agent respectively forms constituent concentration：Potassium nitrate 0.25kg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.25kg/L, magnesium chloride 2.32g/L,
Calcium nitrate 5.72g/L, sodium tetraborate 1.04g/L, humic acid potassium 0.4kg/L, ABA 15mg/L, IAA 20 mg/L, BR 1mg/
L, absolute ethyl alcohol 30ml.
The present invention provides the method for preparing above-mentioned conditioning agent：
（1）Weigh potassium nitrate 1250g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1250g, magnesium chloride 11.6g, calcium nitrate 28.6g, sodium tetraborate
5.2g, potassium humate 2000g are dried 20 minutes at 80 DEG C, are dried after being crushed in pulverizer, composition fineness in 50 ~ 80 mesh,
Solute after crushing is dissolved in 5L water, at a temperature of 27 DEG C, is stirred to all solutes with 100r/min and all dissolved, wiring solution-forming
a；
（2）ABA 75mg are weighed, IAA 100mg, BR 5mg are dissolved in 30mL absolute ethyl alcohols, stirred respectively, prepare
Into solution b；
（3）PH value of solution will be adjusted to 6 using sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide, that is, obtained after solution a and solution b is well mixed
The field flue-cured tobacco conditioning agent.
The present invention provides a kind of application process of field flue-cured tobacco conditioning agent, including：
2 ~ 3 days after the topping of flue-cured tobacco grown in field, fine day is selected to be sprayed at dusk using knapsack spraying agent, according to every mu of use
The concentration that 300ml conditioning agents are watered 50L is sprayed；Spray position and concentrate on Upper Leaf of Flue-cured Tobacco and middle leaf, inferior leads should lack
Amount sprays.
Embodiment 1 provide the especially suitable situation of conditioning agent be：Flue-cured tobacco crop field fertility development condition is good, and nutrition condition is just
Often, when growing neat and consistent.
Embodiment 2
Conditioning agent respectively forms constituent concentration：Potassium nitrate 0.2kg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2kg/L, magnesium chloride 2g/L, nitric acid
Calcium 5.5g/L, sodium tetraborate 0.84g/L, humic acid potassium 0.3kg/L, ABA 20mg/L, IAA 15 mg/L, BR 0.5mg/L, nothing
Water-ethanol 30ml.
The present invention provides the method for preparing above-mentioned conditioning agent：
（1）Weigh potassium nitrate 1000g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1000g, magnesium chloride 10g, calcium nitrate 27.5g, sodium tetraborate
4.2g, potassium humate 1500g are dried 10 minutes at 100 DEG C, are dried after being crushed in pulverizer, composition fineness in 50 ~ 80 mesh,
Solute after crushing is dissolved in 5L water, at a temperature of 20 DEG C, is stirred to all solvents with 120r/min and all dissolved, is made into molten
Liquid a；
（2）ABA 100mg are weighed, IAA 75mg, BR 2.5mg are dissolved in 30mL absolute ethyl alcohols, stir, match somebody with somebody respectively
Solution b is made；
（3）PH value of solution will be adjusted to 5.5 using sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide, produced after solution a and solution b is well mixed
To the field flue-cured tobacco conditioning agent.
The present invention provides the application process of above-mentioned field flue-cured tobacco conditioning agent, including：
2 ~ 3 days after the topping of flue-cured tobacco grown in field, fine day is selected to be sprayed at dusk using knapsack spraying agent, according to every mu of use
The concentration that 300ml conditioning agents are watered 50L is sprayed；Spray position and concentrate on Upper Leaf of Flue-cured Tobacco and middle leaf, inferior leads should lack
Amount sprays.
Embodiment 2 provide the especially suitable situation of conditioning agent be：When flue-cured tobacco crop field overnutrition, blade is thicker, and leaf color is deep
When green.
Embodiment 3
Conditioning agent respectively forms constituent concentration：Potassium nitrate 0.3kg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3kg/L, magnesium chloride 2.64g/L, nitre
Sour calcium 5.94g/L, sodium tetraborate 1.24g/L, humic acid potassium 0.5kg/L, ABA 10mg/L, IAA 25 mg/L, BR 1.5mg/
L, absolute ethyl alcohol 30ml.
The present invention provides the method for preparing above-mentioned field flue-cured tobacco conditioning agent：
（1）Weigh potassium nitrate 1500g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1500g, magnesium chloride 13.2g, calcium nitrate 29.7g, sodium tetraborate
6.2g, potassium humate 2500g are dried 30 minutes at 50 DEG C, are dried after being crushed in pulverizer, composition fineness in 50 ~ 80 mesh,
Solute after crushing is dissolved in 5L water, at a temperature of 35 DEG C, stirred to all solvents with 80r/min and all dissolved, is made into molten
Liquid a；
（2）ABA 50mg are weighed, IAA 125mg, BR 7.5mg are dissolved in 30mL absolute ethyl alcohols, stir, match somebody with somebody respectively
Solution b is made；
（3）PH value of solution will be adjusted to 6.5 using sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide, produced after solution a and solution b is well mixed
To the field flue-cured tobacco conditioning agent.
The present invention provides the application process of above-mentioned field flue-cured tobacco conditioning agent, including：
2 ~ 3 days after the topping of flue-cured tobacco grown in field, fine day is selected to be sprayed at dusk using knapsack spraying agent, according to every mu of use
The concentration that 300ml conditioning agents are watered 50L is sprayed；
Spray position and concentrate on Upper Leaf of Flue-cured Tobacco and middle leaf, inferior leads should spray on a small quantity.
Embodiment 3 provide the especially suitable situation of conditioning agent be：When flue-cured tobacco grown in field develops poor, poor nutritional, leaf
Color is thin, when blade is relatively thin.
Embodiment 4
Test and carried out in 2013 in MeiZhou,GuangDong Dabu producing region, experimental cultivar is local main breed cloud and mist 87, soil
Basic physicochemical character is pH=4.93, organic matter 1.34%, full nitrogen 0.11%, full phosphorus 0.048%, full potassium 0.78%, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen
89.83mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 23.92mg/kg, available potassium 60.54%.Experiment uses RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, is repeated 3 times, sets 2 altogether
Processing：Spray conditioning agent within 2 ~ 3 days after topping, do not spray conditioning agent (control) after topping.Conditioner formulations, preparation method and administration
Method is the same as embodiment 1.Rate of fertilizer and other production measures and baking measure are carried out by local sound tobacco production specification.
Tobacco leaf upper, middle and lower portion leaf adopts roasting preceding separately sampled, measure chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid amount；Take after baking
Upper, middle and lower portion leaf measure chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid amount；Upper, middle and lower portion leaf after calculating flue-cured tobacco transplanting
It is suitable to adopt phase, overripe stage and the number of days of resistance to maturity；By national tobacco leaf grading standard GB2635-1992 carry out classification based on produce, and calculate each
Handle yield of tobacco, the output value and upper medium grade cigarette ratio.
Table 1 sprays the influence that conditioning agent bakes proplastid pigment content to tobacco leaf picking
As shown in Table 1, after flue-cured tobacco sprays conditioning agent, its upper leaf adopt it is roasting before chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll total amount and
Respectively than control lifting 104.80%, 74.22%, 94.34%, 89.01%, middle leaf is lifted carotenoid content than control respectively
40.34%th, 47.20%, 42.48%, 50.68%, inferior leads are respectively than control lifting 12.12%, 18.45%, 21.31%, 38.59%.
Illustrate, the content of baking of flue-cured tobacco proplastid pigment can be obviously improved by spraying the conditioning agent of the formula of embodiment 1, improve the field of flue-cured tobacco
Between maturity.
Table 2 sprays influence of the conditioning agent to cured tobacco leaf plamochromic pigment content
As shown in Table 2, after spraying conditioning agent, the chlorophyll a of roasting upper back tobacco leaf, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll total amount compare respectively
Control few 7.32%, 48.69%, 26.49%, carotenoid total amount is compared to control more 39.05%；The chlorophyll of middle part tobacco leaf after roasting
A, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll total amount are fewer by 14.32%, 47.12%, 27.68% than compareing respectively, and carotenoid total amount is more compared to compareing
38.80%；The chlorophyll a of roasting rear lower tobacco leaf, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll total amount respectively than compareing few 23.06%, 57.38%,
34.05%, carotenoid total amount is compared to control more 34.11%.Illustrate, roasting rear cigarette can be lifted by spraying the conditioning agent of the formula of embodiment 1
Leaf carotenoids content, improve the maturity of cured tobacco leaf, make that cured tobacco leaf colourity is denseer, and color and luster is more preferable.
Fitted after the flue-cured tobacco transplanting of table 3 and adopt phase, overripe stage and the number of days of resistance to maturity and compare
Note：It is suitable that to adopt the phase be tobacco leaf 6 into Huang；Overripe stage is that tobacco leaf dried-up spot occurs；Resistance to maturity is the suitable phase of adopting to arrive overripe stage
Number of days.
As shown in Table 3, after spraying conditioning agent, the flue-cured tobacco inferior leads number of days of resistance to maturity increases by 2 days, and the middle leaf number of days of resistance to maturity increases
Add 3 days, the upper leaf number of days of resistance to maturity increases by 4 days.Illustrate, flue-cured tobacco upper, middle and lower can be lifted by spraying the conditioning agent of the formula of embodiment 1
The resistance to maturity of portion's leaf.
Table 4 sprays influence of the conditioning agent to flue-cured tobacco economic characters
| Processing | Yield（kg/hm2） | The output value (member/hm2) | Average price (member/kg) | First-class cigarette ratio (%) | Better-than-average cigarette ratio (%) |
| Conditioning agent | 2222.76 | 53719.72 | 25.17 | 58.92 | 95.17 |
| Control | 2008.7 | 46184.99 | 22.07 | 52.74 | 91.29 |
As shown in Table 4, after spraying conditioning agent, yield, the output value, average price, first-class cigarette ratio and the better-than-average cigarette ratio of flue-cured tobacco
Respectively than compare it is high by 10.66%, 16.31%, 14.05%, 11.72%, 4.25%.Illustrate, the conditioning agent for spraying the formula of embodiment 1 can
The nutrient that supplement flue-cured tobacco lacks in the maturity period, meets the needs of flue-cured tobacco maturity period is to part nutrient, can be that flue-cured tobacco is normal
Ripe material accumulation lays the first stone.
Embodiment 5
Experiment is carried out for 2013 in MeiZhou,GuangDong Dabu producing region, and experimental cultivar is local main breed cloud and mist 87, soil base
This physicochemical character is pH=4.93, organic matter 1.34%, full nitrogen 0.11%, full phosphorus 0.048%, full potassium 0.78%, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 89.83mg/
Kg, rapid available phosphorus 23.92mg/kg, available potassium 60.54%.Experiment uses RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, is repeated 3 times, sets 2 processing altogether：Beat
Spray conditioning agent within 2 ~ 3 days behind top, do not spray conditioning agent (control) after topping.Conditioner formulations, preparation method and application process are same
Embodiment 2.The amount of application of each fertilizer is given birth to for the 80% of embodiment 4 and other production measures with baking measure by local sound tobacco
Specification is produced to carry out.In tobacco leaf upper, middle and lower portion, leaf adopts roasting preceding separately sampled, measure chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, class Hu trailing plants
Bu Suliang；Take roasting rear upper, middle and lower portion leaf measure chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid amount；After calculating flue-cured tobacco transplanting
Upper, middle and lower portion leaf is suitable to adopt phase, overripe stage and the number of days of resistance to maturity；Based on classification is carried out by national tobacco leaf grading standard GB2635-1992
Production, and calculate each processing yield of tobacco, the output value and upper medium grade cigarette ratio.
Table 5 sprays the influence that conditioning agent bakes proplastid pigment content to tobacco leaf picking
As shown in Table 5, after flue-cured tobacco sprays conditioning agent, its upper leaf adopt it is roasting before chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll total amount and
Carotenoid content is respectively than control lifting 97.74%, 51.86%, 81.93%, 83.98%；Middle leaf is lifted than control respectively
41.63%、42.88%、42.06%、40.92%；Inferior leads are respectively than control lifting 31.06%, 12.22%, 23.61%, 32.08%.
Illustrate, the content of baking of flue-cured tobacco proplastid pigment can be obviously improved by spraying the conditioning agent of the formula of embodiment 2, improve the field of flue-cured tobacco
Between maturity.
Table 6 sprays influence of the conditioning agent to cured tobacco leaf plamochromic pigment content
As shown in Table 6, after spraying conditioning agent, the chlorophyll a of roasting upper back tobacco leaf, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll total amount compare respectively
Control few 17.44%, 42.80%, 29.56%, carotenoid total amount is compared to control more 38.23%；The chlorophyll of middle part tobacco leaf after roasting
A, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll total amount are fewer by 15.12%, 46.70%, 26.40% than compareing respectively, and carotenoid total amount is more compared to compareing
20.24%；The chlorophyll a of roasting rear lower tobacco leaf, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll total amount respectively than compareing few 36.66%, 41.31%,
38.01%, carotenoid total amount is compared to control more 29.80%.Illustrate, roasting rear cigarette can be lifted by spraying the conditioning agent of the formula of embodiment 2
Leaf carotenoids content, improve the maturity of cured tobacco leaf, cured tobacco leaf colourity is denseer, and color and luster is more preferable.
Fitted after the flue-cured tobacco transplanting of table 7 and adopt phase, overripe stage and the number of days of resistance to maturity and compare
As shown in Table 7, after spraying conditioning agent, the flue-cured tobacco inferior leads number of days of resistance to maturity increases by 2 days, and the middle leaf number of days of resistance to maturity increases
Add 2 days, the upper leaf number of days of resistance to maturity increases by 4 days.Illustrate, flue-cured tobacco upper, middle and lower can be lifted by spraying the conditioning agent of the formula of embodiment 2
The resistance to maturity of portion's leaf.
Table 8 sprays influence of the conditioning agent to flue-cured tobacco economic characters
| Processing | Yield（kg/hm2） | The output value (member/hm2) | Average price (member/kg) | First-class cigarette ratio (%) | Better-than-average cigarette ratio (%) |
| Conditioning agent | 2057.44 | 48329.27 | 23.49 | 54.85 | 93.28 |
| Control | 1931.97 | 42078.31 | 21.78 | 50.16 | 90.24 |
As shown in Table 8, after spraying conditioning agent, yield, the output value, average price, first-class cigarette ratio and the better-than-average cigarette ratio of flue-cured tobacco
Respectively than compare it is high by 6.49%, 14.86%, 7.85%, 9.35%, 3.37%.Illustrate, spraying the conditioning agent of the formula of embodiment 2 can supplement
The nutrient that flue-cured tobacco lacks in the maturity period, meet the needs of flue-cured tobacco maturity period is to part nutrient, can be flue-cured tobacco normal mature
Material accumulation lay the first stone.
Embodiment 6
Experiment is carried out for 2013 in MeiZhou,GuangDong Dabu producing region, and experimental cultivar is local main breed cloud and mist 87, soil base
This physicochemical character is pH=4.93, organic matter 1.34%, full nitrogen 0.11%, full phosphorus 0.048%, full potassium 0.78%, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 89.83mg/
Kg, rapid available phosphorus 23.92mg/kg, available potassium 60.54%.Experiment uses RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, is repeated 3 times, sets 2 processing altogether：Beat
Spray conditioning agent within 2 ~ 3 days behind top, do not spray conditioning agent (control) after topping.Conditioner formulations, preparation method and application process are same
Embodiment 3.The amount of application of each fertilizer is given birth to for the 120% of embodiment 4 and other production measures with baking measure by local sound tobacco
Specification is produced to carry out.In tobacco leaf upper, middle and lower portion, leaf adopts roasting preceding separately sampled, measure chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, class Hu trailing plants
Bu Suliang；Take roasting rear upper, middle and lower portion leaf measure chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid amount；After calculating flue-cured tobacco transplanting
Upper, middle and lower portion leaf is suitable to adopt phase, overripe stage and the number of days of resistance to maturity；Based on classification is carried out by national tobacco leaf grading standard GB2635-1992
Production, and calculate each processing yield of tobacco, the output value and upper medium grade cigarette ratio.
Table 9 sprays the influence that conditioning agent bakes proplastid pigment content to tobacco leaf picking
As shown in Table 9, after flue-cured tobacco sprays conditioning agent, its upper leaf adopt it is roasting before chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll total amount and
Carotenoid content is respectively than control lifting 50.33%, 49.03%, 49.89%, 35.94%；Middle leaf is lifted than control respectively
16.74%、26.92%、20.06%、43.63%；Inferior leads are respectively than control lifting 13.32%, 31.52%, 20.26%, 31.05%.
Illustrate, the content of baking of flue-cured tobacco proplastid pigment can be obviously improved by spraying the conditioning agent of the formula of embodiment 3, improve the field of flue-cured tobacco
Between maturity.
Table 10 sprays influence of the conditioning agent to cured tobacco leaf plamochromic pigment content
As shown in Table 10, after spraying conditioning agent, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll the total amount difference of upper back tobacco leaf are baked
Fewer by 14.98%, 24.51%, 18.56% than compareing, carotenoid total amount is compared to control more 64.18%；The leaf of middle part tobacco leaf is green after roasting
Plain a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll total amount are fewer by 16.21%, 29.57%, 21.66% than compareing respectively, and carotenoid total amount is compared to control
More 33.82%；The chlorophyll a of roasting rear lower tobacco leaf, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll total amount respectively than compareing few 19.38%, 33.38%,
24.16%, carotenoid total amount is compared to control more 31.22%.Illustrate, roasting rear cigarette can be lifted by spraying the conditioning agent of the formula of embodiment 3
Leaf carotenoids content, improve the maturity of cured tobacco leaf, cured tobacco leaf colourity is denseer, and color and luster is more preferable.
Fitted after the flue-cured tobacco transplanting of table 11 and adopt phase, overripe stage and the number of days of resistance to maturity and compare
As shown in Table 11, after spraying conditioning agent, the flue-cured tobacco inferior leads number of days of resistance to maturity increases by 3 days, the middle leaf number of days of resistance to maturity
Increase by 4 days, the upper leaf number of days of resistance to maturity increase by 5 days.Illustrate, spray the conditioning agent of the formula of embodiment 3 can be lifted on flue-cured tobacco, in,
The resistance to maturity of inferior leads.
Table 12 sprays influence of the conditioning agent to flue-cured tobacco economic characters
| Processing | Yield（kg/hm2） | The output value (member/hm2) | Average price (member/kg) | First-class cigarette ratio (%) | Better-than-average cigarette ratio (%) |
| Conditioning agent | 2365.87 | 58578.94 | 24.76 | 56.53 | 93.21 |
| Control | 2195.23 | 47921.87 | 21.83 | 50.14 | 89.27 |
As shown in Table 12, after spraying conditioning agent, yield, the output value, average price, first-class cigarette ratio and the better-than-average cigarette ratio of flue-cured tobacco
Respectively than compare it is high by 7.77%, 22.23%, 13.42%, 12.74%, 4.41%.Illustrate, spraying the conditioning agent of the formula of embodiment 3 can mend
Fill the nutrient that flue-cured tobacco lacks in the maturity period, meet the needs of flue-cured tobacco maturity period is to part nutrient, can be flue-cured tobacco normally into
Ripe material accumulation lays the first stone.
It is gradually ripe successively from inferior leads to upper leaf after flue-cured tobacco grown in field comes to the ripening period, if now soil contains
Substantial amounts of fertilizer, then flue-cured tobacco can be caused remaining green when it is due to become yellow and ripe late-maturing, quality variation, however, this stage tobacco growth easily lack Element Potassium,
The elements such as calcium, magnesium.Therefore, this period top dressing should be based on foliage-spray.
Potassium is formed to the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco has important influence, and flue-cured tobacco potassium deficiency can cause yield of tobacco to decline,
And the maturity of tobacco leaf can be made to be deteriorated, flammability reduces.During tobacco leaf calcium deficiency, cigarette strain growth retardation.Calcium is recognized in biology
To be total attemperator of cell metabolism, there is the function of preventing that other excess amount of ions from poisoning.Magnesium is unique in chlorophyll molecule
Metal ingredient, magnesium deficiency can cause chlorophyll disintegrate, tobacco leaf chlorosis.The nutritional ingredient of liquid composite foliage fertilizer in the present invention
It can provide a large amount of and micro- needed for the tobacco growth later stage, meet that flue-cured tobacco normal mature falls yellow required nutrient, lifting is roasting
Cigarette yield and quality.
The quality of the content tobacco leaf of the plamochromic pigment of cured tobacco leaf is closely related.On the one hand, reasonable allochlorophyll and class Hu
Radish cellulose content and its ratio are to improve tobacco leaf seedling-forming rate in field and the important guarantee of cured tobacco leaf presentation quality, on the other hand, class
Carrotene is tobacco aroma composition important precursor.The resistance to maturity of field flue-cured tobacco can be improved using the present invention, promoting tobacco leaf just
Normal maturation falls Huang, lifts the carotenoid content of cured tobacco leaf, coordinates the ratio of cured tobacco leaf Chlorophylls and Carotenoids, carries
The presentation quality of high cured tobacco leaf.
Flue-cured tobacco grown in field easily causes tobacco leaf maturation inconsistent due to the difference of nutrition condition, tobacco leaf during to harvesting
Maturity impacts.Abscisic acid in the present invention（ABA）Flue-cured maturation time can be made to reach unanimity, improve tobacco leaf field
Maturity, improve quality of tobacco.
Flue-cured tobacco grown in field, which comes to the ripening period, can still carry out a series of material accumulation and conversion, and this is that can flue-cured tobacco normal
Key that is ripe, obtaining preferable yield and quality.Auxin in the present invention（IAA）And brassinosteroid（BR）It can avoid because flue-cured tobacco exists
Maturity period because poor environment influence and caused by force ripe phenomenon, flue-cured tobacco is carried out normal physiological life metabolism in the maturity period
Activity, the resistance to maturity of field flue-cured tobacco is improved, meet the needs of flue-cured tobacco field normal mature.
Above-described embodiment is the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, other any Spirit Essences without departing from the present invention with made under principle change, modification, replacement, combine, simplification,
Equivalent substitute mode is should be, is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of field flue-cured tobacco conditioning agent, it is characterised in that including following raw material：Using water as solvent, volume ratio number meter by weight,
0.2 ~ 0.4kg/L of potassium nitrate, 0.2 ~ 0.4kg/L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2.0 ~ 3.0g/L of magnesium chloride, calcium nitrate 5.0 ~ 6.0g/L, four
0.5 ~ 1.5g/L of Boratex, 0.2 ~ 0.6kg/L of potassium humate, 8 ~ 25mg/L of abscisic acid, 12 ~ 28mg/L of auxin, in rape element
0.3 ~ 1.8mg/L of ester, appropriate amount of ethanol.
2. flue-cured tobacco conditioning agent in field according to claim 1, it is characterised in that 0.2 ~ 0.3kg/L of potassium nitrate, biphosphate
0.2 ~ 0.3kg/L of potassium, 2 ~ 2.64g/L of magnesium chloride, 5.5 ~ 5.94g/L of calcium nitrate, 0.84 ~ 1.24g/L of sodium tetraborate, potassium humate
0.3 ~ 0.5kg/L, 10 ~ 20mg/L of abscisic acid, 15 ~ 25mg/L of auxin, 0.5 ~ 1.5mg/L of brassinosteroid, appropriate amount of ethanol.
3. flue-cured tobacco conditioning agent in field according to claim 1, it is characterised in that potassium nitrate 0.25kg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate
0.25kg/L, magnesium chloride 2.32g/L, calcium nitrate 5.72g/L, sodium tetraborate 1.04g/L, humic acid potassium 0.4kg/L, abscisic acid
15mg/L, auxin 20 mg/L, brassinosteroid 1mg/L.
4. flue-cured tobacco conditioning agent in field according to claim 1, it is characterised in that potassium nitrate 0.2kg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate
0.2kg/L, magnesium chloride 2g/L, calcium nitrate 5.5g/L, sodium tetraborate 0.84g/L, humic acid potassium 0.3kg/L, abscisic acid 20mg/
L, auxin 15 mg/L, brassinosteroid 0.5mg/L.
5. flue-cured tobacco conditioning agent in field according to claim 1, it is characterised in that potassium nitrate 0.3kg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate
0.3kg/L, magnesium chloride 2.64g/L, calcium nitrate 5.94g/L, sodium tetraborate 1.24g/L, humic acid potassium 0.5kg/L, abscisic acid
10mg/L, auxin 25 mg/L, brassinosteroid 1.5mg/L.
6. the preparation method of the field flue-cured tobacco conditioning agent described in a kind of any one of claim 1 to 5 claim, its feature exist
In comprising the following steps：
S1. potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium chloride are weighed, calcium nitrate, sodium tetraborate, potassium humate, is dried 10 ~ 30 minutes,
Dry after being crushed in pulverizer, the solute after crushing is dissolved in water, stir to solute and all dissolve, wiring solution-forming a；
S2. abscisic acid, auxin, brassinosteroid are weighed respectively, and is dissolved in absolute ethyl alcohol, is stirred, and are configured to solution
b；
S3. resulting solution b in resulting solution a and S2 step in S1 steps is well mixed, adjust mixed solution pH for 5.5 ~
6.5, produce the field flue-cured tobacco conditioning agent.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that drying temperature is 50 ~ 100 DEG C in the S1 steps,
It is 50 ~ 80 mesh to smash to composition fineness.
8. preparation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that whipping temp is 20 ~ 35 DEG C in the S1 steps, is stirred
It is 80 ~ 120r/min to mix speed.
9. the field flue-cured tobacco conditioning agent described in any one of claim 1 to 5 claim is in the administration of crop field flue-cured tobacco conditioning agent
Using, it is characterised in that the conditioning agent uses for 2 ~ 3 days after tobacco growth topping.
10. application according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the spraying concentration is every mu using regulation described in 300ml
Agent is watered 50L uses.
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| CN106927966A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2017-07-07 | 湖南泰谷生物科技股份有限公司 | One grows tobacco multi-effect foliage fertilizer and its preparation method and application |
| CN107094603B (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2019-08-30 | 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of flue-cured tobacco low temperature rush is early to send out Nutrition Soil and its preparation method and application |
| CN107241999A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-10-13 | 中国烟草中南农业试验站 | A kind of prevention and control flue-cured tobacco high temperature forces ripe cultural method |
| CN107155623A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-09-15 | 郑州大学 | A kind of prevention and control flue-cured tobacco high temperature forces ripe cultural method |
| CN107686400B (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2023-04-07 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | Plant growth conditioner for relieving high-temperature damage of tobacco leaves and using method thereof |
| CN109831994B (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2022-05-03 | 贵州中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for increasing content of potassium element in tobacco leaves |
| CN111348959A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-06-30 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Leaf fertilizer for promoting flue-cured tobacco yellowing and application method thereof |
| CN114097564B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-11-25 | 四川农业大学 | Method for controlling consistent maturity of partial tobacco leaves |
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| CN101423438B (en) * | 2008-12-04 | 2011-06-15 | 湖南省烟草公司永州市公司 | Flue-cured tobacco composite foliage fertilizer |
| CN103304314B (en) * | 2013-06-15 | 2014-10-29 | 福建农林大学 | Biological compound preparation for improving yield and quality of tobacco leaf at upper part of tobacco |
| CN103342613A (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2013-10-09 | 周永珍 | Regulating agent for preventing and treating successive cropping obstacle of tobaccos |
| CN103848690B (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2015-12-30 | 润禾泰华生物科技（北京）有限公司 | A kind of tobacco leaf volume increase insect protected liquid medicine is fertile and preparation method thereof |
| CN103910575A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-07-09 | 郑兴义 | Special disease-resisting and yield-increasing foliage fertilizer for flue-cured tobaccos |
| CN103951523A (en) * | 2014-05-18 | 2014-07-30 | 重庆市优胜科技发展有限公司 | Balance growth regulator for plant and preparation method of balance growth regulator |
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