CN104907615A - 一种复式立式铣床 - Google Patents

一种复式立式铣床 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104907615A
CN104907615A CN201510269284.9A CN201510269284A CN104907615A CN 104907615 A CN104907615 A CN 104907615A CN 201510269284 A CN201510269284 A CN 201510269284A CN 104907615 A CN104907615 A CN 104907615A
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China
Prior art keywords
saddle
lifting platform
guide rail
column
milling machine
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Pending
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CN201510269284.9A
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English (en)
Inventor
杨石林
张春发
李再参
张峰
张拯华
徐敏
浦宏毅
罗庆丰
杨圆圆
房巧红
张亚兴
段海莲
徐爱梅
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YUNNAN JINRUN CNC MACHINERY MANUFACTURING Co Ltd
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YUNNAN JINRUN CNC MACHINERY MANUFACTURING Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201510269284.9A priority Critical patent/CN104907615A/zh
Publication of CN104907615A publication Critical patent/CN104907615A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23CMILLING
    • B23C1/00Milling machines not designed for particular work or special operations
    • B23C1/06Milling machines not designed for particular work or special operations with one vertical working-spindle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/56Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/58Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism a single sliding pair
    • B23Q1/585Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism a single sliding pair perpendicular to the working surface
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/56Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/60Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/62Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides
    • B23Q1/621Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/22Feeding members carrying tools or work
    • B23Q5/34Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission
    • B23Q5/38Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously
    • B23Q5/40Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously by feed shaft, e.g. lead screw
    • B23Q5/402Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously by feed shaft, e.g. lead screw in which screw or nut can both be driven

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Units (AREA)

Abstract

一种复式立式铣床,本发明包括有底座(1)、立柱(2)、主轴箱(3)、主轴(4)、工作台(5)、滑鞍(6)、升降台(7)、丝杆螺母副(8)、数控系统;立柱(2)固定安装于机床底座(1)上;工作台(5)配装于滑鞍(6)导轨上并可沿滑鞍横向往复运动;滑鞍(6)配装于升降台(7)导轨上并可沿升降台纵向往复运动;等等。本发明为一种运动刚性强、可实现较高转速的新型结构的复式立式铣床。

Description

一种复式立式铣床
技术领域
    本发明属于立式铣床结构技术领域。
背景技术
    目前立式铣床主要分升降台式立式铣床(含摇臂铣床)和床身式立式铣床两大类。升降台式铣床如图1所示,其工作台E装在滑鞍C导轨上,实现横向(X向)运动,滑鞍C装在升降台B导轨上,实现纵向(Y向)运动,升降台B在立柱E导轨上下运动(Z向运动),但这并非是Z向工作进给运动,其Z向工作进给运动靠主轴F在主轴箱G(主轴箱不能上下运动)内上下运动实现。其优点在于:切削力与反作用力的作用点交汇于立柱导轨,因此底座只作为支撑基础,使得其尺寸小,重量轻;其次,其工作台高低可根据被加工零件的的大小进行调整,具有一定的人机工程学优点。缺点是:主轴Z向进给行程较短(一般不超过150mm),导向性差,刚性不足,加工质量不稳定,难于实现主轴高转速和高精度加工。此外,受其机床结构布局的限制,难以安装刀库,难以实现加工中心功能。床身式立式铣床如图2所示:其工作台D′装在滑鞍C′导轨上,实现横向(X向)运动,滑鞍C′装在床身B′导轨上,实现纵向(Y向)运动,主轴箱E′装在立柱A′导轨上,实现其垂直方向(Z向)运动,其优点是:由于主轴在主轴箱中只旋转不做上下运动,主轴部件刚性强,主轴箱行程大,加工质量稳定,易实现高转速和高精度加工,且容易安装刀库,方便实现加工中心功能。缺点是:由于切削力和反作用力交汇于立柱与床身的安装面,其强度要求高,因此床身的尺寸较大;而且由于其Y向导轨在床身上,导致其床身成为大型复杂零件,重量重,制造加工成本高。此外,由于其工作台高度固定,不能选择最佳工作高度,工人操作时不便,人机协调性差。
发明内容
    本发明的目的是提供一种可融合升降台式立式铣床和床身式立式铣床的的优点,同时摒弃两者的缺点,提供一种可减轻机床重量,降低成本,工作台高度位置可调整,便于操作和提高加工效率,且运动刚性强、可实现较高转速的新型结构的复式立式铣床。
本发明的目的通过如下技术方案实现。
一种复式立式铣床,其特征在于,包括有底座1、立柱2、主轴箱3、主轴4、工作台5、滑鞍6、升降台7、丝杆螺母副8、数控系统;立柱2固定安装于机床底座1上;工作台5配装于滑鞍6导轨上并可沿滑鞍横向往复运动;滑鞍6配装于升降台7导轨上并可沿升降台纵向往复运动;升降台7内侧通过立柱导轨连接于立柱2上,同时底部通过丝杆螺母副8支撑于底座1上,通过丝杆调节升降台的高低位置;主轴4安装于主轴箱3中组成铣头部件,铣头部件内侧配装在立柱导轨上并可沿立柱导轨上下往复运动,主轴4、工作台5、滑鞍6、升降台7的运动通过数控系统控制。
本发明复式立式铣床工作时,切削力通过工作台、滑鞍、升降台传至立柱导轨上,而反作用力通过主轴、主轴箱也传至立柱导轨上,切削力与反作用力形成闭环受力系统,使得立柱与底座连接部位的受力大大减小,因此可减轻底座的重量,降低成本。工作台的高度位置可根据加工的零件和机床操作者的要求进行手动调整,以便操作者能在适合的高度进行零件的切削加工,让操作者与工件的距离大幅缩短,上下工件更轻松,机床功能极具人性化,同时也缩短了加工过程中的空行程距离,提高了机床的加工效率,特别适合各种中小零件的加工。铣头部分采用了床身式铣床的铣头结构,同时保留了升降台式铣床的升降台结构,配上数控系统和刀库即成为一种新型复式加工中心。本发明的主轴部件行程大、易于实现数字化控制,且运动刚性强,可实现较高工作转速。
附图说明
图1为现有技术升降台式立式铣床的结构示意图;
图2为现有技术床身式立式铣床的结构示意图;
图3是本发明的结构示意图。
图3中标号为:1-底座,2-立柱,3-主轴箱,4-主轴,5-工作台,6-滑鞍,7-升降台,8-丝杆螺母副。
具体实施方式
如图3所示,本发明主要由底座1、立柱2、主轴箱3、主轴4、工作台5、滑鞍6、升降台7、丝杆螺母副8、控制系统组成。立柱2固定安装在机床底座1上。工作台5配装于滑鞍6导轨上并可沿滑鞍横向(X向)往复运动。滑鞍6配装于升降台7导轨上并可沿升降台纵向(Y向)往复运动。升降台7内侧通过立柱导轨连接于立柱2上,同时底部通过丝杆螺母副8支撑于底座1上,可通过丝杆调节升降台的高低(Z向)位置。主轴4安装于主轴箱3中组成铣头部件,整个铣头部件的内侧配装在立柱导轨上并可沿立柱导轨上下(Z向)往复运动。主轴4、工作台5、滑鞍6、升降台7的运动通过数控系统控制。数字控制时Z向联动依靠控制铣头部件的升降实现,升降台进行手动或点动控制。本发明复式立式铣床铣头部分采用了床身式铣床的铣头结构,同时保留了升降台式铣床的升降台结构,配上数控系统和刀库即是一种新型复式加工中心。

Claims (1)

1.一种复式立式铣床,其特征在于,包括有底座(1)、立柱(2)、主轴箱(3)、主轴(4)、工作台(5)、滑鞍(6)、升降台(7)、丝杆螺母副(8)、数控系统;立柱(2)固定安装于机床底座(1)上;工作台(5)配装于滑鞍(6)导轨上并可沿滑鞍横向往复运动;滑鞍(6)配装于升降台(7)导轨上并可沿升降台纵向往复运动;升降台(7)内侧通过立柱导轨连接于立柱(2)上,同时底部通过丝杆螺母副(8)支撑于底座(1)上,通过丝杆调节升降台的高低位置;主轴(4)安装于主轴箱(3)中组成铣头部件,铣头部件内侧配装在立柱导轨上并可沿立柱导轨上下往复运动;主轴(4)、工作台(5)、滑鞍(6)、升降台(7)的运动通过数控系统控制。
CN201510269284.9A 2015-05-25 2015-05-25 一种复式立式铣床 Pending CN104907615A (zh)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105127843A (zh) * 2015-10-08 2015-12-09 普瑞赛斯(厦门)机械科技有限公司 实用型加工中心
CN105290467A (zh) * 2015-11-16 2016-02-03 耒阳新达微科技有限公司 一种立体式铣床加工设备
CN108788256A (zh) * 2018-07-23 2018-11-13 云南锦润数控机械制造有限责任公司 一种线轨式立式铣床
CN109352040A (zh) * 2018-11-28 2019-02-19 莆田市森达数控机械有限公司 一种数控摇臂铣床
CN111376052A (zh) * 2018-12-27 2020-07-07 云南全控机电有限公司 一种径向垂直旋转的加工设备
CN111992782A (zh) * 2020-08-10 2020-11-27 黄朋飞 一种新型四头粗精一体数控平面铣床数控装置及控制方法
CN112122965A (zh) * 2020-09-14 2020-12-25 林国春 一种镗铣数控机床

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CN203804565U (zh) * 2014-04-11 2014-09-03 佛山市春上机电有限公司 一种改进和创新的高速复合cnc加工中心机床
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CN203804570U (zh) * 2014-04-30 2014-09-03 佛山市春上机电有限公司 一种cnc加工中心的升降台装置
CN204686133U (zh) * 2015-05-25 2015-10-07 云南锦润数控机械制造有限责任公司 一种复式立式铣床

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030180112A1 (en) * 2000-06-29 2003-09-25 Dietrich Geiger Machine tool for processing work pieces on at least three axes
CN203804565U (zh) * 2014-04-11 2014-09-03 佛山市春上机电有限公司 一种改进和创新的高速复合cnc加工中心机床
CN203804567U (zh) * 2014-04-30 2014-09-03 佛山市春上机电有限公司 一种cnc加工中心机床的传动结构
CN203804570U (zh) * 2014-04-30 2014-09-03 佛山市春上机电有限公司 一种cnc加工中心的升降台装置
CN204686133U (zh) * 2015-05-25 2015-10-07 云南锦润数控机械制造有限责任公司 一种复式立式铣床

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105127843A (zh) * 2015-10-08 2015-12-09 普瑞赛斯(厦门)机械科技有限公司 实用型加工中心
CN105290467A (zh) * 2015-11-16 2016-02-03 耒阳新达微科技有限公司 一种立体式铣床加工设备
CN108788256A (zh) * 2018-07-23 2018-11-13 云南锦润数控机械制造有限责任公司 一种线轨式立式铣床
CN109352040A (zh) * 2018-11-28 2019-02-19 莆田市森达数控机械有限公司 一种数控摇臂铣床
CN111376052A (zh) * 2018-12-27 2020-07-07 云南全控机电有限公司 一种径向垂直旋转的加工设备
CN111992782A (zh) * 2020-08-10 2020-11-27 黄朋飞 一种新型四头粗精一体数控平面铣床数控装置及控制方法
CN112122965A (zh) * 2020-09-14 2020-12-25 林国春 一种镗铣数控机床

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