CN104900784B - Led封装结构的制造方法 - Google Patents

Led封装结构的制造方法 Download PDF

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CN104900784B
CN104900784B CN201510262402.3A CN201510262402A CN104900784B CN 104900784 B CN104900784 B CN 104900784B CN 201510262402 A CN201510262402 A CN 201510262402A CN 104900784 B CN104900784 B CN 104900784B
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郑剑飞
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Xiamen Dacol Photoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及LED封装技术。本发明提出一种LED封装结构,包括:透光支架,该透光支架上具有一个凹槽;荧光胶,该荧光胶至少覆盖该透光支架的该凹槽的底面;倒装LED芯片,该倒装LED芯片以发光面朝向该凹槽的方向而被固定在该荧光胶上,该倒装LED芯片的电极面背离该凹槽的方向。本发明还提出一种LED封装结构的制造方法,包括步骤:S1,制作支架:选用透光材质制作支架,每个支架上形成一个凹槽;S2,点荧光胶:在支架的凹槽内点荧光胶;S3,烘干:烘干使支架的凹槽内的荧光胶固化;S4,固晶:选取倒装LED芯片,将倒装LED芯片以发光面朝向该凹槽的方向而固定在该荧光胶上,倒装LED芯片的电极面背离该凹槽的方向。本发明用于封装LED芯片,显著降低封装热阻。

Description

LED封装结构的制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及发光二极管(LED,Light Emitting Diode)领域,尤其涉及LED封装技术。
背景技术
随着科技的发展,LED灯凭借发光效率高、低电耗、不需高压、安全性高等优点,已被广泛的应用在各种照明领域。LED光源的寿命与节点的工作温度有直接的联系,目前LED灯在工作过程中只有大约50%的电能转换成光能,其余的电能几乎都转成热能,使LED灯的温度升高,而温度每增加10摄氏度其信赖性就会减少一半。散热是个大问题。如果散热不好会直接导致LED性能和稳定性降低,同时散热不好会产生严重光衰影响灯的寿命。
降低封装和组装的热阻可以有效地提升器件性能和可靠性。现有封装技术是将芯片固定在支架或者基板上,其会增加从芯片到电路板之间的热阻,如能够去除支架或基板,则可以较少工艺步骤和物料使用,从而降低成本,降低热阻,并减少系统的厚度。
目前LED芯片中,正装结构因为芯片工艺成熟较为简单而成为主流。正装结构芯片主要采用固晶焊线的工艺步骤实现芯片的固定和电性连接,由于固晶材料会增加热阻,而焊线断线则是目前LED封装失效的主要原因之一,导致器件可靠性变差。
为避免焊线断线而进一步提高封装可靠性,也是倒装LED芯片封装技术被应用,但是现有的倒装LED芯片封装技术也是将倒装LED芯片的电极面焊接固定在支架或者基板上,使发光面朝上的封装方式。例如,中国专利公开号CN104538538A、CN104600172A、CN104409615A等专利文献都采用了去焊线化的LED芯片封装结构,也在解决了各自的相应问题,但是都是基于正装芯片的类似封装结构,使LED芯片固定在支架或者基板上而使发光面朝上的封装结构。可见,现有的倒装LED芯片封装技术因为是将LED芯片固定在支架或者基板上,散热需要借助支架或者基板导热后再传递至焊接的电路板,对于芯片到电路板之间的热阻无法有效降低。然而,基于LED的特性,能够进一步降低封装热阻是十分必要且有意义的。
发明内容
基于上述,本发明提出一种能够显著降低封装热阻的LED封装技术。
首先,本发明提出一种LED封装结构,包括:
透光支架,该透光支架上具有一个凹槽;
荧光胶,该荧光胶至少覆盖该透光支架的该凹槽的底面;
倒装LED芯片,该倒装LED芯片以发光面朝向该凹槽的方向而被固定在该荧光胶上,该倒装LED芯片的电极面背离该凹槽的方向。
其次,本发明还提出一种LED封装结构的制造方法,包括如下步骤:
S1,制作支架:选用透光材质制作支架,每个支架上形成一个凹槽;
S2,点荧光胶:在支架的凹槽内点荧光胶,使荧光胶至少覆盖支架的凹槽的底面;
S3,烘干:烘干使支架的凹槽内的荧光胶固化;
S4,固晶:选取倒装LED芯片,将倒装LED芯片以发光面朝向该凹槽的方向而固定在该荧光胶上,倒装LED芯片的电极面背离该凹槽的方向。
本发明的LED封装结构及其制造方法是将倒装LED芯片的发光面朝向支架,而电极面背离支架,使倒装LED芯片的电极面外露,从而可直接焊接在电路板上直接导热,从而使LED芯片到电路板之间的热阻为零,显著地降低LED封装热阻。同时,相对于现有技术而言,通过本发明的制作方法生产LED封装结构在一定程度上节省了生产成本,提高了产品的质量。
附图说明
图1是一个具有多个支架单体的总支架的结构示意图;
图2是一个支架单体的结构示意图;
图3是一个倒装LED芯片的结构示意图;
图4是一实施例的LED封装结构的剖视图;
图5是该实施例的LED封装结构的示意图;
图6是实施例的LED封装结构与电路板焊接的结构示意图;
图7是另一实施例的LED封装结构的剖视图;
图8是本发明的LED封装结构的制造方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
为进一步说明各实施例,本发明提供有附图。这些附图为本发明揭露内容的一部分,其主要用以说明实施例,并可配合说明书的相关描述来解释实施例的运作原理。配合参考这些内容,本领域普通技术人员应能理解其他可能的实施方式以及本发明的优点。图中的组件并未按比例绘制,而类似的组件符号通常用来表示类似的组件。
现结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进一步说明。
参阅图1至图7及图8所示,本发明提出的LED封装结构的制造方法,包括:
S1,制作支架:选用透光材质制作支架,每个支架1上形成一个凹槽101。如图1所示,为提供大规模作业效率,在实际生产中通常都是制作一个由多个支架单体组成的支架拼板,待后续制造完成后再分别切割成LED封装单体。但是,为了说明方便,下面均是以如图2所示的一个支架单体来完整一个单体的LED封装结构进行说明。
虽然图2中的该支架1上形成的凹槽101是以一个倒梯形台为例进行展示说明,但是支架1上形成的凹槽101还可以是其他的形状,如正方体形的凹槽、半圆球形的凹槽、半椭圆球形的凹槽等。与常规的LED支架不同的一点是,该支架1的材质应选用透光材质制成的,因为该支架不是主要作为LED芯片的支撑面及保护壳体(现有技术的支架),而是作为包覆在LED芯片的出光面的保护壳体。该支架1可以选用如聚碳酸酯(PC)材质、聚丙烯(PP)材质、聚甲基丙烯酸酯(PMMA)材质、有机硅胶材质等有机透光材料,通过模具注塑成型或蚀刻加工成型,也可以采用如钠钙玻璃、硅酸盐玻璃、蓝宝石玻璃等无机透光材料通过模具加工成型或蚀刻加工成型,这些均为现有技术的范畴,于此不再详细说明。该支架1优选是有机硅胶材质。
S2,点荧光胶:如图4所示,在支架1的凹槽101内点荧光胶2,使荧光胶2至少覆盖支架1的凹槽101的底面1011。优选的,使点入凹槽101后的荧光胶2的外表面201距离支架1的凹槽101的开口面1013的高度h与如图3所示的倒装LED芯片3的厚度d相同或略小,从而保证固定后的该倒装LED芯片3的电极面301与该支架1的凹槽101的开口面1013平齐或者略高一点,便于后续能够更可靠地焊接于电路板;否则如果倒装LED芯片3的电极面301低于该支架1的凹槽101的开口面1013时,该倒装LED芯片3与电路板的焊接面之间具有一些空隙,只能依靠焊膏填充,可能导致虚焊。
此步骤S2中的点荧光胶的工序与常规的点荧光胶的工序无异,不再详细展开说明。同时,荧光胶的的有机硅胶和所需荧光粉的种类、比例也可以由技术人员根据设计需要进行选择。补充说明的是,该点荧光胶的工序中由于未固化的荧光胶2是粘稠状的,因此点入该支架1的凹槽101的荧光胶2除了主要覆盖凹槽101的底面1011外,可能还会部分覆盖该凹槽101的壁面1012或完全覆盖该凹槽101的壁面1012,也有可能完全不覆盖到该凹槽101的壁面1012,但均不造成不良影响。
S3,烘干:烘干使支架1的凹槽101内的荧光胶2固化。此步骤S3中的烘干工序可根据具体的荧光胶的烘烤条件要求进行烘烤,与常规的烘干工序无异,不再详细展开说明。
S4,固晶:选取如图3所示的倒装LED芯片3,如图4所示的,将倒装LED芯片3以发光面302朝向该凹槽101的方向而固定在该荧光胶2上,倒装LED芯片3的电极面301背离该凹槽101的方向。倒装LED芯片3相对于正装芯片而言,其电极面301和发光面302不是在同一面,因此现有技术中的倒装芯片封装结构都是将其电极面301固定并电连接于基板或支架下端的电极焊片上,其发光面302朝上设置。然而,本发明的LED封装结构则是颠覆性地将倒装LED芯片3的发光面302朝向支架1的凹槽101进行固定,然后其电极面301背离该凹槽101,从而外露。
此步骤S4的固晶工序中,该倒装LED芯片3是优选是通过固晶胶4固定在该荧光胶2上,为了避免对该倒装LED芯片3的发光面302的发光效率影响,该固晶胶4最好选择高透光的固晶胶,至少不能选择不透光的固晶胶。另外,该固晶胶4也可以选择掺杂荧光粉的固晶胶,以进一步提高光效。此外,倒装LED芯片3除了通过常用的固晶胶4进行固晶外,也可以采用其他的非固晶胶固定的方式进行固定在该荧光胶2上,如烘烤重新软化荧光胶2后直接利用荧光胶固晶。
使用时,如图6所示,将如图5所示的LED封装结构翻转过来,使该倒装LED芯片3的电极面301朝下,而支架1朝上,即可将该LED封装结构的倒装LED芯片3的电极面301直接与电路板6的焊接点直接焊接,从而倒装LED芯片3的热量直接传导至电路板6,使LED芯片到电路板之间的热阻为零,显著地降低LED封装热阻。
该实施例的LED封装结构中,利用该倒装LED芯片3的外露电极面301来与电路板6进行电连接供电,使该倒装LED芯片3的发光面302发光,进而激励该倒装LED芯片3的发光面302之上的该荧光胶2,产生照明光线,并从透明的支架1透射出来,提供照明。
此外,上述实施例的LED封装结构中因为该支架1的凹槽101与该倒装LED芯片3之间可能存在一些间隙,该倒装LED芯片3的固定力仅由其与荧光胶2之间固晶胶4提供。为了使LED封装结构中的倒装LED芯片3可以更加牢固地封装固定,还可以包括步骤S5,点辅助固定胶:如图7所示,在支架1的凹槽101的壁面1012和/或附着于壁面1012的荧光胶2与倒装LED芯片3之间的间隙还填充辅助固定胶5。因填充的间隙位于该倒装LED芯片3的侧面(非发光面),该辅助固定胶5可以无需选用透光材质的辅助固定胶,当然也可以选用透光材质的辅助固定胶(有少量侧面光)或者采用荧光胶作为辅助固定胶,以期进一步提高发光效率。
阅图1至图7所示,基于上述的制造方法,本发明还提出一种LED封装结构,包括:透光支架,该透光支架上具有一个凹槽;荧光胶,该荧光胶至少覆盖该透光支架的该凹槽的底面;倒装LED芯片,该倒装LED芯片以发光面朝向该凹槽的方向而被固定在该荧光胶上,该倒装LED芯片的电极面背离该凹槽的方向。
其中优选的,该荧光胶的外表面距离该透光支架的该凹槽的开口面的高度与该倒装LED芯片的厚度相同或略小。
其中优选的,该透光支架的该凹槽的壁面和/或附着于该壁面的荧光胶与该倒装LED芯片之间的间隙还填充辅助固定胶。更优选的,该辅助固定胶是荧光胶。
尽管结合优选实施方案具体展示和介绍了本发明,但所属领域的技术人员应该明白,在不脱离所附权利要求书所限定的本发明的精神和范围内,在形式上和细节上可以对本发明做出各种变化,均为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (4)

1.一种LED封装结构的制造方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1,制作支架:选用透光材质制作支架,每个支架上形成一个凹槽;
S2,点荧光胶:在支架的凹槽内点荧光胶,使荧光胶至少覆盖支架的凹槽的底面;
S3,烘干:烘干使支架的凹槽内的荧光胶固化;
S4,固晶:选取倒装LED芯片,将倒装LED芯片以发光面朝向该凹槽的方向而固定在该荧光胶上,倒装LED芯片的电极面背离该凹槽的方向;
还包括步骤S5,点辅助固定胶:在支架的凹槽的壁面和/或附着于壁面的荧光胶与倒装LED芯片之间的间隙还填充辅助固定胶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的LED封装结构的制造方法,其特征在于:步骤S2中,使荧光胶的外表面距离支架的凹槽的开口面的高度与倒装LED芯片的厚度相同或略小。
3.根据权利要求1所述的LED封装结构的制造方法,其特征在于:步骤S4中,倒装LED芯片是通过固晶胶固定在该荧光胶上。
4.根据权利要求1所述的LED封装结构的制造方法,其特征在于:辅助固定胶选用荧光胶。
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