CN104833775B - The threedimensional model experimental rig of the prominent mud geological disaster of simulation gushing water - Google Patents
The threedimensional model experimental rig of the prominent mud geological disaster of simulation gushing water Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of threedimensional model experimental rig of simulating the prominent mud geological disaster of gushing water, comprise lower support frame, axial compression charger, confined pressure charger, model sample parts, confined pressure charger is arranged on lower support top of the trellis, by pressure regulator valve to indoor gases at high pressure or the hydraulic pressure of filling of confined pressure, thereby model sample is applied to confined pressure. Model sample parts are arranged in confined pressure charger, by water-filling in the annular water storage tank in its underside pressing plate, through porous disc, model sample are applied to hydraulic pressure. Axial compression charger is arranged in lower support frame, and axial compression charger is connected with model sample parts through confined pressure charger bottom, applies axial compression by its lower end oil cylinder to model sample. Complete machine structure of the present invention is simple, good stability, test are convenient succinct, and accurately simulation model is composed and deposited initial environment and excavate off-load and test, and can greatly shorten the test period, raising test efficiency by the model sample of making in advance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Geotechnical Engineering test field, be specifically related to a kind of threedimensional model experimental rig of simulating the prominent mud geological disaster of gushing water.
Background technology
In recent years, the profound tunnel construction in China's mining tunnel, national defence, water conservancy and hydropower and other underground engineering presents flourish trend. Due to the diversity of geological conditions, the disaster origin cause of formation and Catastrophe Process are extremely complicated, construction is difficult to grasp adverse geological condition in construction access road early stage, causes the construction stage that the disasters such as the prominent mud of gushing water occur, and serious threat workmen life security also causes tremendous economic loss. Such as should the prominent mud disaster of large-scale gushing water occurring 19 times ten thousand railway line Maluqing tunnels altogether for 2004 to 2008, cause 15 people's death, construction delay exceedes 2 years. The Department of Science and Technology in 2013 is first for the prominent mud disaster of profound tunnel gushing water, project verification 973 projects--" gushing water prominent mud disaster in profound tunnel causes calamity mechanism and prediction early warning and control theory ". Therefore for the prominent mud disaster of gushing water to cause the problem development system researchs such as calamity mechanism, prediction early warning theory and risk assessment imperative.
Domestic and international many scholars, for unfavorable geology environment such as karst, have carried out the prominent mud model test of a large amount of seepage failures and gushing water. Zhang Jianmin, Li Shenliang, Wang Ganlin etc. cause calamity structure based on packed type, and each leisure is indoor has carried out a large amount of seepage failures tests.
Li Zhongkui etc., for Jinping hydropower station diversion tunnel, have carried out physical experiments to work progress under hyperosmosis environment, for Seepage Technology design provides theoretical foundation.
Spring etc. Karst Tunnel digging process is not carried out to layer during similar model test research, in tunnel tunnel face dead ahead, side wall, vault and baseplate zone preset high-pressure water-filling solution cavity, analyze hydraulic pressure and the impact of country rock Change of types on face axial displacement under different operating modes.
Lee's art just waits has developed the solid coupling model pilot system of novel stream, solid and carried out flow-coupling model of Jiaozhou Bay's seabed tunnel and tested, system research the Changing Pattern of displacement field of surrounding rock, hole wall pressure power and osmotic pressure field etc. in work progress.
Liu Aihua etc. have developed deep mining pressure-bearing gushing water mechanism scaled physical model pilot system, can realize the grand thin sight migration rule research such as seepage flow, sudden change of stressed, process of deformation and failure and the water of country rock under the multifactor synergy such as complex stress, water pressure and exploitation disturbance.
Li Li equality has designed the non-Geological Defects formula of protrusion-dispelling layer unstability gushing water model test, show that protrusion-dispelling layer unstability gushing water is the result that under excavation disturbance effect, seepage flow brings out rock mass Continuous Damage.
Can find out, the model test of carrying out is at present mainly for the prominent mud of seepage failure, gushing water mechanism and Catastrophe Process etc. the researchs of causing disaster. These researchs are determined and have been obtained certain achievement for the prominent mud disaster genesis mechanism of gushing water, safe thickness, but because model is large, the test period is long, and it is unfavorable for carrying out lot of experiments. Safe water proof depth of stratum is as the main quantitative indices that characterizes constructing tunnel engineering safety, and it has important guiding effect for construction. And for obtaining the research of minimum safe water proof depth of stratum, mainly study by simplifying theoretical model, numerical simulation, and the uncertain etc. of the complicated variety of geological conditions and rock-soil material makes existing method and technology have difficulties for obtaining minimum safe water proof depth of stratum under different surrounding rock type, differently stress level and different hydraulic condition. Especially obtain not yet and conduct a research for the large sample probability statistics test of obtaining minimum safe water proof depth of stratum.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of threedimensional model experimental rig of simulating the prominent mud geological disaster of gushing water, can to model test three-dimensional of living in initially stress field and hydraulic pressure environment simulate accurately, the three-dimensional that can carry out under Rock mass of large dimension complex environment loads excavation simulated test.
The technical solution that realizes the object of the invention is: a kind of threedimensional model experimental rig of simulating the prominent mud geological disaster of gushing water, comprise lower support frame, confined pressure charger, axial compression charger, model sample parts, confined pressure charger is arranged on lower support top of the trellis, model sample parts are arranged in confined pressure charger, axial compression charger is arranged in lower support frame, and axial compression charger is connected with model sample parts through confined pressure charger bottom;
Lower support frame comprises base and N root post, N >=2, and N root post is evenly distributed on base;
Axial compression charger comprises oil cylinder, power sensor, displacement transducer and piston rod, oil cylinder bottom is fixed on base, oil cylinder is stretched in piston rod bottom, top is through confined pressure charger bottom surface, stretch into model sample parts, power sensor and displacement transducer are all arranged on piston rod, and are positioned at oil cylinder top.
Above-mentioned confined pressure charger comprises base plate, cylindrical shell and top cover, cylindrical shell bottom surface is connected with base plate, end face is connected with top cover, and base plate is provided with the first circular hole, M the first through hole, M >=1, the first circular hole is positioned at base plate center, the top of the piston rod of axial compression charger, through the first circular hole, is provided with the first sealing ring between the first circular hole and piston rod, top cover is provided with the second circular hole, P the second through hole, P >=1, the first circular hole is positioned at base plate center.
The junction of above-mentioned cylindrical shell and base plate top cover is equipped with the second sealing ring.
Above-mentioned model sample parts comprise movable pressing board, porous disc, rubber finger sleeve, fixation clip, pressing plate, gland nut and intake-discharge pipe; Movable pressing board is provided with a ring shape water storage tank, and annular water storage tank bottom is provided with Q third through-hole, Q=M, and third through-hole is connected with the second through hole by intake-discharge pipe, and movable pressing board bottom centre is stretched on the top of the piston rod of axial compression charger; Movable pressing board top is provided with porous disc, and fixation clip comprises cylinder and lower cylinder, and upper cylinder diameter is less than lower cylinder diameter, and fixation clip center is provided with fourth hole, and fourth hole runs through cylinder and lower cylinder; Rubber finger sleeve one end is enclosed within on movable pressing board, the other end is enclosed within on fixation clip, in rubber finger sleeve, fill up model sample, the fourth hole bottom surface of model sample end face and fixation clip is contour, gland nut is arranged in the fourth hole of fixation clip, pressing plate is fixed on the model sample of fourth hole bottom of fixation clip by gland nut; The upper cylinder of fixation clip, through second through hole at confined pressure charger top cover center, is provided with the 3rd sealing ring between the upper cylinder of the second through hole and fixation clip.
The lower cylinder of above-mentioned fixation clip and movable pressing board diameter are all less than the diameter of cylindrical shell, and the second through hole is under cylinder inboard wall and fixation clip between cylindrical outer wall, and the second through hole is provided with tube connector.
The present invention compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage: (1) the present invention can realize the simulation of three-dimensional loading, hydraulic pressure environment and excavation off-load etc. to profound tunnel model, the engineering of having reduced is more really composed and is deposited initial environment, to the accurate simulation of work progress, has ensured the science of test.
(2) minimum safe water proof depth of stratum under each class surrounding rock and different engineering specifications can obtain the prominent mud disaster generation of gushing water by the present invention time.
(3) resistance to overturning is good, load is stable, can accurately simulate tunnel excavation, test is convenient succinctly, the cycle is short.
(4) result of the test can be the formulation of minimum safe water proof depth of stratum in work progress, sets up the prominent mud disaster risk assessment quantitative model of profound tunnel gushing water experimental basis and data supporting are provided.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of threedimensional model experimental rig of simulating the prominent mud geological disaster of gushing water of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, a kind of threedimensional model experimental rig of simulating the prominent mud geological disaster of gushing water, for obtaining minimum safe water proof depth of stratum and the probability statistical distribution thereof of the prominent mud disaster of gushing water under different surrounding rock type, differently stress level and different hydraulic condition. It is by carrying out large sample simulation tunnel excavation model test, minimum safe water proof depth of stratum probability statistics function can obtain under excavation Excavation tunnel gushing water time, for the formulation of minimum safe water proof depth of stratum in work progress, set up profound tunnel water bursting disaster risk evaluation model etc. experimental basis and data supporting are provided.
A kind of threedimensional model experimental rig of simulating the prominent mud geological disaster of gushing water of the present invention, comprise lower support frame, confined pressure charger, axial compression charger, model sample parts, confined pressure charger is arranged on lower support top of the trellis, model sample parts are arranged in confined pressure charger, axial compression charger is arranged in lower support frame, and axial compression charger is connected with model sample parts through confined pressure charger bottom.
Lower support frame comprises base 1 and N root post 3, N >=2, and N root post 3 is evenly distributed on base 1.
Axial compression charger comprises oil cylinder 2, power sensor 4, displacement transducer 5 and piston rod 6, and oil cylinder 2 bottoms are fixed on base 1, and oil cylinder 2 is stretched in piston rod 6 bottoms, and model sample parts, through confined pressure charger bottom surface, are stretched in top. Power sensor 4 and displacement transducer 5 are all arranged on piston rod 6, and are positioned at oil cylinder 2 tops.
Confined pressure charger comprises base plate 7, cylindrical shell 15 and top cover 19, cylindrical shell 15 bottom surfaces are connected with base plate 7, end face is connected with top cover 19, base plate 7 is provided with the first circular hole, M the first through hole, M >=1, the first circular hole is positioned at base plate 7 centers, and the top of the piston rod 6 of axial compression charger, through the first circular hole, is provided with the first sealing ring 9 between the first circular hole and piston rod 6. Top cover 19 is provided with the second circular hole, P the second through hole, P >=1, and the first circular hole is positioned at base plate 7 centers.
Above-mentioned cylindrical shell 15 is equipped with the second sealing ring 12 with the junction of base plate 7 top covers 19.
Model sample parts comprise movable pressing board 13, porous disc 14, rubber finger sleeve 16, fixation clip 18, pressing plate 21, gland nut 22 and intake-discharge pipe 28; Movable pressing board 13 is provided with a ring shape water storage tank, and annular water storage tank bottom is provided with Q third through-hole, Q=M, and third through-hole is connected with the second through hole by intake-discharge pipe 28, and movable pressing board 13 bottom centre are stretched on the top of the piston rod 6 of axial compression charger. Movable pressing board 13 tops are provided with porous disc 14. Fixation clip 18 comprises cylinder and lower cylinder, and upper cylinder diameter is less than lower cylinder diameter, and fixation clip 18 centers are provided with fourth hole, and fourth hole runs through cylinder and lower cylinder. Rubber finger sleeve 16 one end are enclosed within on movable pressing board 13, and the other end is enclosed within on fixation clip 18. In rubber finger sleeve 16, fill up model sample 27, the fourth hole bottom surface of model sample 27 end faces and fixation clip 18 is contour, gland nut 22 is arranged in the fourth hole of fixation clip 18, by gland nut 22, pressing plate 21 is fixed on the model sample 27 of fourth hole bottom of fixation clip 18. The upper cylinder of fixation clip 18, through second through hole at confined pressure charger top cover 19 centers, is provided with the 3rd sealing ring 20 between the second through hole and the upper cylinder of fixation clip 18.
The lower cylinder of fixation clip 18 and movable pressing board 13 diameters are all less than the diameter of cylindrical shell 15, and the second through hole is between cylindrical shell 15 inwalls and 18 times cylindrical outer walls of fixation clip. The second through hole is provided with tube connector 29.
Embodiment mono-
A kind of threedimensional model experimental rig of simulating the prominent mud geological disaster of gushing water, comprise lower support frame, confined pressure charger, axial compression charger, model sample parts, confined pressure charger is arranged on lower support top of the trellis, model sample parts are arranged in confined pressure charger, axial compression charger is arranged in lower support frame, and axial compression charger is connected with model sample parts through confined pressure charger bottom.
Lower support frame comprises that base 1 and four root post 3, four root post 3 uniform weldings are on base 1.
Axial compression charger comprises oil cylinder 2, power sensor 4, displacement transducer 5 and piston rod 6, and oil cylinder 2 bottoms are bolted on base 1, and oil cylinder 2 is stretched in piston rod 6 bottoms, and model sample parts, through confined pressure charger bottom surface, are stretched in top. Power sensor 4 and displacement transducer 5 are all arranged on piston rod 6, and are positioned at oil cylinder 2 tops, for experiments of measuring process model axial load and axial displacement.
Confined pressure charger comprises base plate 7, cylindrical shell 15 and top cover 19, cylindrical shell 15 bottom surfaces are connected with base plate 7, end face is connected with top cover 19, base plate 7 is provided with the first circular hole, two the first through holes, the first circular hole is positioned at base plate 7 centers, two the first through holes are symmetrically distributed in the first circular hole both sides, and the top of the piston rod 6 of axial compression charger, through the first circular hole, seals by the first sealing ring 9 between the first circular hole and piston rod 6. Top cover 19 is provided with the second circular hole, two the second through holes, and the first circular hole is positioned at base plate 7 centers, and two the second through holes are symmetrically distributed in the second circular hole both sides.
Above-mentioned cylindrical shell 15 is equipped with the second sealing ring 12 with the junction of base plate 7 top covers 19.
Model sample parts comprise movable pressing board 13, porous disc 14, rubber finger sleeve 16, fixation clip 18, pressing plate 21, gland nut 22 and intake-discharge pipe 28; Movable pressing board 13 is provided with a ring shape water storage tank, annular water storage tank bottom is provided with two third through-holes, third through-hole is connected with the second through hole by intake-discharge pipe 28, and by intake-discharge pipe 28, to annular water storage tank water storage, movable pressing board 13 bottom centre are stretched on the top of the piston rod 6 of axial compression charger. Movable pressing board 13 tops are provided with porous disc 14, and porous disc 14 is steel plate. Fixation clip 18 comprises cylinder and lower cylinder, and upper cylinder diameter is less than lower cylinder diameter, and fixation clip 18 centers are provided with fourth hole, and fourth hole runs through cylinder and lower cylinder. Rubber finger sleeve 16 one end are enclosed within on movable pressing board 13, the other end is enclosed within on fixation clip 18, by tightening adhesive tape 17, rubber finger sleeve 16 and movable pressing board 13 and fixation clip 18 are tightened, in rubber finger sleeve 16, fill up model sample 27, the fourth hole bottom surface of model sample 27 end faces and fixation clip 18 is contour, gland nut 22 is arranged in the fourth hole of fixation clip 18, by gland nut 22, pressing plate 21 is fixed on the model sample 27 of fourth hole bottom of fixation clip 18. The upper cylinder of fixation clip 18, through second through hole at confined pressure charger top cover 19 centers, seals by the 3rd sealing ring 20 between the second through hole and the upper cylinder of fixation clip 18.
The lower cylinder of fixation clip 18 and movable pressing board 13 diameters are all less than the diameter of cylindrical shell 15, and the second through hole is between cylindrical shell 15 inwalls and 18 times cylindrical outer walls of fixation clip. The second through hole is provided with tube connector 29.
A kind of threedimensional model experimental rig of simulating the prominent mud geological disaster of gushing water of the present invention, the course of work is as follows:
First by the oil cylinder 2 in axial compression charger, through power sensor 4, piston rod 6, movable pressing board 13 and porous disc 14, load is reached to model sample 27, to apply its required axial compressive force, model sample 27 axial compressive forces and axial displacement are by power sensor 4 and displacement transducer 5 Real-Time Monitorings. Enclose sky interacvity air-filling through tube connector 29 to confined pressure charger by source of the gas or water source and press or hydraulic pressure, to apply the required confined pressure of model sample 27, pressure regulates by the control of high accuracy pressure regulator valve. Model sample 27 hydraulic pressure add water apply model sample 27 required hydraulic pressure through intake-discharge pipe 28 to the annular water storage tank in movable pressing board 13 by water source (carbonated drink swap tank), water pressure is regulated and is controlled by high accuracy pressure regulator valve, thus accurately in simulate formation engineering model initially compose dis environment. Then by whole device as shown in Figure 1 vertically state turnover to level, dismounting gland nut 22 and pressing plate 21, thereby excavate relief arrangement by model test, can carry out in simulate formation engineering tunneling process and bring out as geological disaster phenomenons such as the prominent mud of gushing water because of country rock off-load.
Claims (3)
1. simulate the threedimensional model experimental rig of the prominent mud geological disaster of gushing water for one kind, it is characterized in that: comprise lower support frame, confined pressure charger, axial compression charger, model sample parts, confined pressure charger is arranged on lower support top of the trellis, model sample parts are arranged in confined pressure charger, axial compression charger is arranged in lower support frame, and axial compression charger is connected with model sample parts through confined pressure charger bottom;
Lower support frame comprises base (1) and N root post (3), N >=2, and N root post (3) is evenly distributed on base (1);
Axial compression charger comprises oil cylinder (2), power sensor (4), displacement transducer (5) and piston rod (6), oil cylinder (2) bottom is fixed on base (1), oil cylinder (2) is stretched in piston rod (6) bottom, top is through confined pressure charger bottom surface, stretch into model sample parts, it is upper that power sensor (4) and displacement transducer (5) are all arranged on piston rod (6), and be positioned at oil cylinder (2) top;
Above-mentioned confined pressure charger comprises base plate (7), cylindrical shell (15) and top cover (19), cylindrical shell (15) bottom surface is connected with base plate (7), end face is connected with top cover (19), base plate (7) is provided with the first circular hole, M the first through hole, M >=1, the first circular hole is positioned at base plate (7) center, the top of the piston rod (6) of axial compression charger is through the first circular hole, between the first circular hole and piston rod (6), be provided with the first sealing ring (9), top cover (19) is provided with the second circular hole, P the second through hole, P >=1, the first circular hole is positioned at base plate (7) center;
Above-mentioned model sample parts comprise movable pressing board (13), porous disc (14), rubber finger sleeve (16), fixation clip (18), pressing plate (21), gland nut (22) and intake-discharge pipe (28); Movable pressing board (13) is provided with a ring shape water storage tank, annular water storage tank bottom is provided with Q third through-hole, Q=M, third through-hole is connected with the first through hole by intake-discharge pipe (28), and movable pressing board (13) bottom centre is stretched on the top of the piston rod (6) of axial compression charger; Movable pressing board (13) top is provided with porous disc (14), fixation clip (18) comprises cylinder and lower cylinder, upper cylinder diameter is less than lower cylinder diameter, and fixation clip (18) center is provided with fourth hole, and fourth hole runs through cylinder and lower cylinder; Rubber finger sleeve (16) one end is enclosed within on movable pressing board (13), the other end is enclosed within on fixation clip (18), in rubber finger sleeve (16), fill up model sample (27), the fourth hole bottom surface of model sample (27) end face and fixation clip (18) is contour, gland nut (22) is arranged in the fourth hole of fixation clip (18), pressing plate (21) is fixed on the model sample (27) of fourth hole bottom of fixation clip (18) by gland nut (22); The upper cylinder of fixation clip (18), through second circular hole at confined pressure charger top cover (19) center, is provided with the 3rd sealing ring (20) between the upper cylinder of the second circular hole and fixation clip (18).
2. the threedimensional model experimental rig of the prominent mud geological disaster of simulation gushing water according to claim 1, is characterized in that: above-mentioned cylindrical shell (15) is equipped with the second sealing ring (12) with the junction of base plate (7) top cover (19).
3. the threedimensional model experimental rig of the prominent mud geological disaster of simulation gushing water according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the lower cylinder of above-mentioned fixation clip (18) and movable pressing board (13) diameter are all less than the diameter of cylindrical shell (15), the second through hole is positioned between cylindrical shell (15) inwall and the lower cylindrical outer wall of fixation clip (18), and the second through hole is provided with tube connector (29).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510226726.1A CN104833775B (en) | 2015-05-07 | 2015-05-07 | The threedimensional model experimental rig of the prominent mud geological disaster of simulation gushing water |
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| CN105527402B (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-07-07 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of profound tunnel gushing water is dashed forward mud threedimensional model experimental rig and method |
| CN105807012B (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2018-02-02 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of experimental rig and method for simulating the prominent mud of inrush through faults |
| CN106023761B (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2018-10-12 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | A kind of inrush through faults are dashed forward mud analog machine and test method |
| CN107144469B (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2019-08-20 | 河海大学 | Simulate the Hydraulic fracturing test instrument and method of impact high water head permeable liquid |
| CN107356510B (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2022-04-22 | 山东科技大学 | Simulated stope surrounding rock water inrush channel expansion evolution test system |
| CN109425901B (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2020-09-22 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Portable seabed shallow layer geological disaster simulation device |
| CN108169455B (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2020-11-06 | 山东大学 | Filling medium true triaxial penetration instability test room and test method |
| CN114001994A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-02-01 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Tunnel water inrush and mud inrush model test device and method |
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| CN202339416U (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2012-07-18 | 山东科技大学 | Test system for simulating water inrush of mined seam floor |
| CN103018106B (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2015-08-19 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of can the experiment porch of control simulation piestic water loading and coal seam floor failure relation |
| CN203534910U (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-04-09 | 合肥工业大学 | Triaxial creep testing device for stress, seepage and chemical coupling of rock |
| CN203881738U (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-10-15 | 山东大学 | Three-dimensional model test system for treating water bursting, mud bursting and grouting of tunnel |
| CN104266913B (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2017-02-08 | 山东科技大学 | Mining failure simulation test device for mine working face floor |
| CN104535470B (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2017-05-10 | 上海交通大学 | Penetration and corrosion triaxial testing apparatus for gravel soil and testing method thereof |
| CN104535728B (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2017-01-11 | 中国矿业大学 | Two-dimensional physical simulation testing system for deeply-buried tunnel water bursting hazard and testing method thereof |
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