CN104814010A - 含有作为生长促进剂和抗真菌剂的蒽醌衍生物的组合物以及用于促进植物种子萌发的方法 - Google Patents
含有作为生长促进剂和抗真菌剂的蒽醌衍生物的组合物以及用于促进植物种子萌发的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本申请涉及含有作为生长促进剂和抗真菌剂的蒽醌衍生物的组合物以及用于促进植物种子萌发的方法。本发明披露了一种用于调节植物生长、种子萌发和土传性疾病的组合物，其包含蒽醌衍生物。
Description
本申请是申请日为2011年11月3日，申请号为201180053131.0、发明名称为“含有作为生长促进剂和抗真菌剂的蒽醌衍生物的组合物”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本文公开了含蒽醌衍生物的组合物特别是植物提取物用于调节植物生长、植物中根建成和植物种子萌发的用途。本文还公开了含蒽醌衍生物的植物提取物用于调节特别是用于防治植物土传性疾病的用途。
背景技术
大虎杖(Reynoutria sachalinensis)的提取物(由Marrone Bio Innovations公司以和REGALIA出售)提供了对葫芦和其它作物的白粉病以及其它植物病害的防治，主要通过诱导植物中真菌毒性酚类化合物的积累(Daayf et al.，1995；Wurms et al.1999；Schmitt，2002)。最近发现配制的大虎杖提取物高效诱导不同作物针对植物病原体抗性，包括对小麦白粉病的抗性(Vechet et al.2009)。除了诱导性系统抗性(ISR)的作用方式，配制的大虎杖提取物最近也显示对小麦白粉病具有直接抗菌效果(Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici；Randoux et al.，2008)。
植物防御诱导物，如大虎杖的提取物，已经和其它SAR/ISR产品以及生物防治剂(BCA)在罐混合和轮用(rotation)中测试(Hafez et al.，1999；Belanger and Benyagoub，1997；Schmitt et al.2002；Schmitt and Seddon，2005；Bardin et al.，2008)。这些研究目的主要在于探讨不同植物提取物与生物防治剂的兼容性。Konstatinidou-Doltsinis等人(2007)通过大虎杖产品与Pseudozyma flocculosa产品轮用测试葡萄白粉病的防治，发现两种产品的交替使用可改善大虎杖的效果。在相同的研究中，在轮用中交替使用硫和大虎杖并没有有益效果。Belanger和Benyagoub(1997)发现酵母样真菌如Pseudozyma flocculosa，用于在温室中防治黄瓜白粉病时，与大虎杖兼容。同样地，Bokshi等人(2008)评估获得性系统抗性活化剂苯并噻和针对黄瓜白粉病的组合效果，发现与苯并噻轮用可在田间有效防治白粉病。但依据所收集到的疾病严重性和收集的田间数据，无法判定该阳性效果是叠加的还是协同性的。
发明内容
本文提供含一种或多种蒽醌衍生物的组合物的用途，其调节尤其是促进植物的生长，尤其是调节或促进根建成，所述植物如作物，例如水果(如草莓)、蔬菜(如西红柿、南瓜、辣椒和茄子)，或谷类作物(如大豆、小麦、稻和玉米)、树木、花卉、观赏植物和灌木(如棉花、玫瑰)、球茎植物(如洋葱、大蒜)或藤本植物(如葡萄)。在相关方面，提供了用一定量的含一种或多种蒽醌衍生物的组合物调节植物生长的方法，所述植物例如作物，如水果(草莓)、蔬菜(如西红柿、南瓜、辣椒和茄子)，或谷类作物(如大豆、小麦、稻和玉米)、树木、花卉、观赏植物和灌木(如棉花、玫瑰)、球茎植物(如洋葱、大蒜)或藤本植物(如葡萄)，所述一种或多种蒽醌衍生物通过例如调节或尤其是促进植物的根建成来调节或尤其是促进所述植物生长。
在具体实施方式中，所述组合物可为植物提取物，或换言之，来自植物的提取物。此提取物可能来自蓼科(Polygonacae)(如大虎杖)。
所述提取物可以在移植至土壤之前施加至植物的根。由此提供了用于调节植物中根延伸的方法，其包括：(a)用植物提取物处理植物的一或多个根，所述植物提取物的量有效地在所述植物移植至土壤中时调节根的延伸；(b)将(a)中经处理的植物移植至土壤中。
在一相关方面，还提供了用于调节植物生长的组合物，其包括一或多种调节植物生长的蒽醌衍生物以及任选存在的第二物质，其中所述第二物质是植物生长促进剂。
还提供的是组合物在调节如萌发中的用途，所述组合物可以是含有或包括一或多种调节植物种子萌发的蒽醌衍生物的提取物，所述植物例如作物，例如水果(如草莓)、蔬菜(如西红柿、南瓜、辣椒和茄子)，或谷类作物(如大豆、小麦、稻和玉米)、树木、花卉、观赏植物和灌木(如棉花、玫瑰)、球茎植物(如葱、蒜)或藤本植物(如葡萄)。在一相关方面，提供了调节植物种子萌发的方法，所述方法通过用含一或多种调节植物土传性疾病感染的蒽醌衍生物的组合物处理所述植物，所述组合物的量有效地调节所述植物种子萌发。再次，所述组合物可以是植物提取物。
在一相关方面，还提供了用于调节植物种子萌发的组合物，其包括一或多种调节植物种子萌发的蒽醌衍生物以及任选存在的第二物质，其中所述第二物质是种子包衣剂。
还提供的是组合物的用途，所述组合物可以是含有或包括一或多种调节植物中土传性疾病尤其是非丝核菌属土传性疾病的蒽醌衍生物的提取物，所述植物例如作物，例如水果(如草莓)、蔬菜(如西红柿、南瓜、辣椒和茄子)，或谷类作物(如大豆、小麦、稻和玉米)、树木、花卉、观赏植物和灌木(如棉花、玫瑰)、球茎植物(如洋葱、蒜)或藤本植物(如葡萄)。在一相关方面，提供了调节植物中土传性疾病感染的方法，所述方法通过用含一或多种调节植物土传性疾病感染的蒽醌衍生物的组合物处理所述植物，所述组合物的量有效地调节所述植物中土传性疾病感染。再次，所述组合物可以是植物提取物。
在一相关方面，还提供了用于调节植物中土传性疾病的组合物，其包括一或多种调节植物中土传性疾病的蒽醌衍生物以及任选存在的第二物质，其中所述第二物质是植物抗植物病原剂。
上述的组合物和方法中，所述植物可以是水果、蔬菜、树木、灌木、球茎植物或藤本植物。水果、蔬菜、树木、花卉、观赏植物、灌木、球茎植物和藤本植物，可包括但不限于草莓、南瓜、黄瓜、西红柿、玫瑰、胡椒、棉花、茄子、洋葱和大蒜、大豆、小麦、稻、玉米和葡萄。
附图说明
无。
具体实施方式
如果提供了数值范围，应理解除非上下文另有详细说明，在该范围上下限之间对所述下限单位十分之一的每一插值和任何其它述及的范围或在该述及的范围的插值涵盖在本发明范围内。这些较小范围的上限和下限可能独立地包括在较小范围内，同样涵盖在本发明中，除非具体从述及的范围排除。如果所述及的范围包括一个或两个端值，排除两个端值的范围也在本发明范围内。
除非另外定义，本文所用全部技术和科学术语具有本发明所述领域普通技术人员所通常理解的相同含义。现在描述了优选的方法和材料，不过类似或等价于本文所描述那些的任何方法和材料也可以用于实现或测试本发明。应当注意如本文所用以及在所附权利要求中，单数形式的“一(a)”和“一(an)”包括复数，除非上下文另外清楚指示。例如，真菌(a fungus)也包括真菌(fungi)。
如本文所定义，术语“调节”用于指改变生长的量并优选增加植物生长的量或速度或种子萌发，或改变及优选地降低在水果或蔬菜中存在的土传性疾病感染的量或植物中土传性疾病感染扩散的速度。
组合物
本公开中所示的方法中使用的组合物含有蒽醌衍生物，作为生化农业产品用于调节并优选促进植物生长，和/或调节并优选促进种子萌发和/或调节并优选抑制土传性植物疾病感染。具体地，所述组合物可以是植物提取物。因此，“含有”也涵盖产生所述蒽醌衍生物的提取物。在具体实施方式中，所使用的蒽醌衍生物是主要活性成分或是主要活性成分之一。
蒽醌衍生物包括但不限于，大黄素甲醚、大黄素、大黄酚、翼核果醌、大黄素糖苷、大黄酚糖苷、大黄素甲醚糖苷、3，4-二羟基-1-甲氧基蒽醌-2-甲醛和虎刺醛。
这些衍生物共有如下所示的相似结构：
其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7和R8是氢、羟基、羟烷基、卤素、羧基、烷基、烷氧基、烯基、烯氧基、炔基、炔氧基、杂环基、芳香族或芳基基团、糖如葡萄糖。
在一具体的实施方案中，提供了蒽醌衍生物，其可包含于或衍生自来源于植物科的提取物，所述植物科包括但不限于蓼科(Polygonaceae)、鼠李科(Rhamnaceae)、豆科(Fabaceae)、独尾草科(Asphodelaceae)和茜草科(Rubiaceae)等。具体地，这些化合物可以来自植物的任何部分，例如叶、茎、皮、根和果实。植物材料可以是湿的和干的，但优选干的植物材料。如本文所定义，“来自”指的是直接分离自或获得自特定的来源，或可选地具有分离自或获得自特定来源的物质或生物体的鉴别特性。为了作为生化农业产品，用于提取和纯化的溶剂和工艺必须符合National Organic Program(NOP)的要求[http：//www.anis.usda.gov/AMSvl.Q/nop，cited on July 20，2009]。
在更具体的实施方案中，所述植物提取物来自蓼科成员。在一具体实施方案中，所述组合物中的提取物含有蒽醌衍生物大黄素甲醚和任选存在的大黄素。蓼科的成员包括但不限于酢浆草属(Acetosella)、珊瑚藤属(Antigonon)、Aristocapsa、酱头属(Bilderdykia)、黄珊瑚藤属(Brunnichia)、海葡萄属(Centrostegia，Chorizanthe，Coccoloba，Coccolobis，Coccolobo)、鸡心蛤属(Corculum)、Dedeckera、Delopyrum、Dentoceras、Dodecahema、乙蓬属(Emex，Eriogonum)、荞麦属(Fafopyrum，Fagopyrum)、何首乌属(Fallopia)、Gilmania、Goodmania、Harfordia、Hollisteria、冰岛蓼属(Koenigia)、Lastarriaea、Mucronea、竹节蓼属(Muehlenbeckia)、Nemacaulis、山蓼属(Oxyria，Oxytheca)、Perscarioa、春蓼属(Persicaria)、Pleuropterus、Podopterus、Polygonella、蓼属(Polygonum)、Pterostegia、大黄属(Rheum)、酸模属(Rumex)、Ruprechtia、Stenogonum、Systenotheca、Thysanella、Tovara、Tracaulon和蓼树属(Triplaris)，而在更具体的实施方案中，所述提取物可以来自虎杖属(也称作何首乌属(Fallopia))物种或大黄属物种。在最具体的实施方案中，所述提取物来自大虎杖。
植物生长促进剂
前述可以为提取物形式的组合物(例如以商品名和市售的产品)可以与其他生长促进剂组合使用，所述生长促进剂例如合成的或有机肥料(如液态或颗粒状的磷酸氢二铵)、堆肥茶、海藻提取物、植物生长激素如单独或和植物生长调节物如IBA(吲哚丁酸)和NAA(萘乙酸)组合而用于移植物的生根激素处理的IAA(吲哚乙酸)、以及生长促进微生物，例如芽孢杆菌(Bacillus)、假单胞菌(Pseudomonads)、根瘤菌(Rhizobia)、木霉(Trichoderma)。
种子包衣剂
上述的组合物可以为固体/粉末或液体形式的提取物形式(例如以商品名和市售的产品)并且也可以与种子包衣剂组合使用。这样的种子包衣剂包括但不限于乙二醇、聚乙二醇、壳聚醣、羧甲基壳聚醣、泥炭藓、树脂和蜡或具有单点、多点或未知作用方式的化学杀真菌剂或杀细菌剂。
抗植物病原剂
前述可以为提取物形式的组合物(例如以商品名和市售的产品)也可以与其他抗植物病原剂组合使用，所述抗植物病原剂例如植物提取物、生物杀虫剂、无机作物保护剂(如铜)、表面活性剂(如鼠李糖脂；Gandhi et al.，2007)或具有杀虫特性的天然油如石蜡油和茶树油或具有单点、多点或未知作用方式的化学杀真菌剂或杀细菌剂。如本文所定义，“抗植物病原剂”是调节植物病原体，尤其是导致植物土传性疾病的病原体生长的物质，或可选地是预防植物被植物病原体感染的物质。植物病原体包括但不限于真菌、细菌、放线菌或病毒。
如上所述，所述抗植物病原剂可为单点的抗真菌剂，其可包括但不限于苯并咪唑，去甲基化抑制剂(DMI)(如咪唑、哌嗪、嘧啶、三唑)、吗啉、羟基嘧啶、苯胺基嘧啶、硫代磷酸酯、苯醌外部抑制剂、喹啉、二甲酰亚胺、羧酰亚胺、苯基酰胺、苯胺基嘧啶、苯吡咯、芳香烃、肉桂酸、羟基苯胺、抗生素、多氧菌素、丙烯酰、邻苯二甲酰亚胺和苯环型化合物(二甲苯基丙氨酸)。在更具体的实施方案中，所述抗真菌剂可为去甲基化抑制剂，选自咪唑、哌嗪、嘧啶和三唑(如联苯三唑醇、腈菌唑、配那唑、丙环唑、三唑酮、糠菌唑、环丙唑醇、烯唑醇、腈苯唑、己唑醇、戊唑醇和氟醚唑)。在更具体的实施方案中，所述抗真菌剂为腈菌唑。在另一个具体实施方案中，抗真菌剂可为苯醌外部抑制剂(如strobilurin)。所述strobilurin包括但不限于腈嘧菌酯、苯氧菊酯或布洛芬。在另一个具体实施方案中，所述抗真菌剂可为苯醌，如喹氧灵(5，7-二氯-4-喹啉基4-氟苯基醚)。
在另一实施方案中，所述杀真菌剂是多点非无机化学杀真菌剂，其选自chloronitrile、喹恶林、磺酰胺、膦酸酯、亚磷酸盐、二硫代氨基甲酸酯、chloralkythios、苯基吡啶-胺、氰基-乙酰胺肟。
在仍另一实施方案中，所述抗植物病原剂可以是链霉素、四环素、氧化四环素、铜、春日霉素。
用途
所述组合物，特别是上面所述的植物提取物或化合物可以用于调节或更具体地促进植物生长以及甚至更具体地促进所述植物早期根建成，所述植物例如作物，例如水果(如草莓)、蔬菜(如西红柿、南瓜、辣椒和茄子)，或谷类作物(如大豆、小麦、稻和玉米)、树木、花卉、观赏植物和灌木(如棉花、玫瑰)、球茎植物(如洋葱、蒜)或藤本植物(如葡萄)。所述组合物可以用来调节植物种子萌发。可选地，所述组合物可以用于调节植物中土传性疾病感染的量以及尤其是预防或抑制所述土传性疾病感染和/或降低所述土传性疾病感染在所述植物中的扩散速度和程度。在此，所述植物包括但不限于水果(如草莓)、蔬菜(如西红柿、南瓜、辣椒和茄子)，或谷类作物(如大豆、小麦、稻和玉米)、树木、花卉、观赏植物和灌木(如棉花、玫瑰)、球茎植物(如洋葱、蒜)或藤本植物(如葡萄)。土传性疾病包括但不限于那些由非丝核菌属土传性疾病感染引起的，所述非丝核菌属土传性疾病例如腐霉菌属(Pythium)、疫霉属(Phytophthora)、轮枝孢属(Verticillium)、小菌核属(Sclerotium)、毛盘孢属(Colletotrichum)和镰刀菌属(Fusarium)。
所述组合物(如植物提取物)或配方产品可以单独使用或与上述的其它组分(例如生长促进剂和/或抗植物病原剂)在罐混合物中或在具有预定的顺序和生长季节中的施用间隔的程序中(顺序施用称为轮用)同时使用。当与上面提及的产品组合使用时，在低于产品标签推荐的浓度下，在一优选的实施方案中，所述两种或更多种产品(其中之一是所述植物提取物)的组合效力高于每一单独组分的效果相加在一起。因此，通过两种(或更多种)产品之间的协同作用增强了效果，并且降低了在所述植物致病性株中发展出杀虫剂抗性的风险。
可以在移植时通过浸根施加所述组合物(如植物提取物)，具体是在将水果或蔬菜移植入土壤前，通过将所述水果或蔬菜的根浸入所述提取物的悬浮液(约0.12％至约1.5％并且更特别地0.5％至约1.0％的体积比)，从而用所述植物提取物处理水果或蔬菜。
或者，可以通过滴灌或其它灌溉系统施加所述组合物(如植物提取物)。具体地，所述植物提取物可以被注射进滴灌系统。在一具体实施方案中，所述提取物可以约11至约4夸脱每英亩的比率施加。
在仍另一实施方案中，所述组合物可以作为沟槽内施用添加。具体地，具体地，所述组合物可以作为沟槽内喷雾添加，所述沟槽内喷雾在种植时使用校准为递送2-6加仑/英亩总输出的喷嘴30。喷嘴被放置于播种机上的沟槽打开器中，使得杀虫剂的施加和种子落入沟槽同步。上面所述的混合物以及，如果合适，固体或液体辅料以已知的方式制备。例如，可以通过均质混合和/或研磨所述活性成分以及增溶剂例如溶剂、固体载体以及如果合适，表面活性化合物(表面活性剂)来制备所述混合物。所述组合物也可以含有另外的成分例如稳定剂、粘度调节剂、结合剂辅料以及肥料或其它活性成分以获得特定效果。
实施例
下面所述的实施例旨在描述本发明的优选实施方案和用途，并不意味着限制本发明，除非所附权利要求另外指明。
实施例1：大虎杖对草莓生长的作用
单独用浓度为0.25％，0.5％and 1.0％(v/v)的大虎杖提取物(以商品名出售)的溶液或用以出售的利迪链霉菌(NaturalIndustries，Inc.)处理16英亩的草莓植物，在250加仑的料槽将植物浸入约3分钟。9天后，全部用非常健康并且生长活跃，而用处理的植物在行中具有空白。其中植物看起来已死亡。处理的植物具有增殖中的须根，而处理的植物可能有3或4条根生长。
实施例2：大虎杖对大豆种子萌发的作用
将大虎杖干提取物以5％(w/v)溶解于95％乙醇并超声处理10分钟。所述溶液用于以不同比例包衣大豆种子。
种子包衣：对大豆(Glycine max)种子表面消毒，浸泡于0.5％次氯酸钠3分钟，然后再用无菌水清洗3分钟。进行下列的处理：
1.不包衣
2.包衣剂(如EPIRET 1171-O(Becker Underwood，Inc.)，12g/kg种子)
3.包衣剂加2ml的95％乙醇
4.包衣剂加大虎杖提取物(Becker Underwood，Inc.)，10g/kg种子
5.包衣剂加大虎杖，2g/kg种子
6.包衣剂加大虎杖，0.2g/kg种子
7.包衣剂加大虎杖，0.05g/kg种子
8.包衣剂加大虎杖，0.025g/kg种子
9.包衣剂加大虎杖，0.0125g/kg种子
萌发评估：将来自上述处理的种子置于具有10ml无菌水的10cm培养皿，并在室温(25℃)下黑暗放置。5天后加入额外的10ml无菌水至每个培养皿并使种子无遮盖以和光反应3天。比较并记录不同处理的种子萌发和颜色。
结果和结论：大虎杖包衣处理的种子具有更长的根和更绿的子叶。由0.025g/kg至2g/kg种子包衣的种子显示最佳处理效果。
实施例3：大虎杖(配制为)对草莓移植物生长的作用
植物浸泡：裸根植物/移植物栽培种Albion用于本研究。在移植前将植物浸浴每周处理溶液中5分钟。
处理：
1.未处理的对照(水)；
2.0.50％v/v(1∶200)的用于全植物浸泡；
3.1.00v/v(1∶200)的用于全植物浸泡；
4.1∶200的加仑(3.0g/L)的Aliette WDG用于全植物浸泡；依据产品标示浸泡植物15分钟；
5.2.5g/100加仑的(Bayer Crop Science，含Aluminumtris(O-乙基膦酸酯作为活性组合物)；依据产品标示浸泡植物15分钟；
每个重复5株植物，每种处理4个重复。处理安排为随机化完全区组设计。
评估：处理14天后对全部植物评估白色根相对于全根面积的百分比以及饲养根相对于全根质量体积的百分比(表1)。
结果和结论：相比于水对照，在1∶200(v/v)有42％的新的白色根面积的增加，在1∶100(v/v)为123％的增加。饲养根质量在1∶200稀释增加14.9％并且在1∶100稀释增加43％(表1)。
表1.使用处理后的白色根生长与饲养根的面积百分比(栏中用*标示的数据在LSD P＝0.05水平下无显著差异)。
实施例4：施加大虎杖(配制为)以增强草莓植物建成
植物浸泡：该研究由在第0天和第14天施加的7个处理组成，用于评估防治土传性疾病和增强沿着中部加州海岸的草莓的植物建成和发育的效力。试验在美国加州瓜达洛普(Guadalupe)进行。草莓裸根植物栽培种Albion种植与3.33英尺x 15英尺的隆起的床中。施加以下处理。
处理：
每处理4个重复，安排为随机化完全区组设计。
1.未处理的检查；
2.2.25％(v/v)的，用于在移植前全植物浸泡；
3.0.5％(v/v)的，用于在移植前全植物浸泡；
4.0.1％(v/v)的，用于在移植前全植物浸泡；
5.2qt/英亩的，栽植后立即进行滴灌，两周后再滴灌；
6.4qt/英亩的，栽植后立即进行滴灌，两周后再滴灌；
7.2.51b/英亩的，栽植后立即进行滴灌，两周后再滴灌；
评估：评估包括分别于第7、11、15、20、25、30天评估的每块样地5株植物的生长计数和植物测量。
结果和结论：用浸泡或滴灌后的植物重量比未处理对照由显著增加(表2)。植物重量增加的范围为39.6％至71.7％。
表2.每重复样地的平均草莓植物总重量(g)，以每处理的评估日期列出(栏中用*标示的数据在LSD P＝0.05水平下无显著差异)
处理的植物的根重也显著增加52.8％至88.9％(表3)。
表3.每重复样地的平均草莓根重量(g)，以每处理的评估日期列出(栏中用*标示的数据在LSD P＝0.05水平下无显著差异)
实施例5：施加大虎杖(配制为)以增强草莓植物生长和产量
植物浸泡：该试验在美国佛罗里达Dover进行。裸根草莓植物栽培种Festival种植于双行床中，每块样地30株植物，行距4英尺，株距14英寸。该研究由7种处理组成，其中处理2、3、4和7在第0天进行预先的植物浸泡施加，处理5和6在种植后1天(第1天)进行土壤湿灌(soil drench)施加并在第14天、第27天、第47天、第59天和第78天进行滴灌注射施加。
处理：
1.未处理的检查；
2.0.25％(v/v)的，种植前浸泡；
3.0.25％(v/v)的，种植前浸泡；
4.1.0％(v/v)的，种植前浸泡；
5.2.0qt/a的土壤湿灌(滴灌)；
6.4.0qt/a的土壤湿灌(滴灌)；
7.2.51b/英亩的，进行栽植前浸泡。
每种处理4个重复，安排为随机化完全区组设计。将25加仑水加入塑料水箱中并加入Regalia来制备用于处理2、3、4和7的合适溶液。将裸根Festival草莓植物浸泡入箱中并放置10分钟(处理2-4)和15分钟(处理7)。
在种植后1天用小量杯将50ml土壤湿灌液输送至每个植物孔来施加处理5和6。随后的施加通过滴灌管经由专用的小型样地注射“Chem-Feed”泵以及复合管以及0.175英亩数英寸的水递送超过约1小时。
评估：在第63天以0-10的标度(0-差，10-优异)对植物活力(vigor)评分并记录。新的根的计数在第7天、第14天和第21天进行。第21天后，在第31天以及第39天和第46天给出0-10(0-差，10-优异)的打分。在第120天获取总果实产量(以克表示)。
结果和结论：以4.0qt/a滴灌的显著增加植物活力(表4)。
表4.平均植物活力(0-差，10-优异)，按日期和处理列出(栏中用*标示的数据在LSD P＝0.05水平下无显著差异)
用其他比例的处理的植物也增加活力但没达到显著水平。增加或显著增加新的根的数目(表5)。果实产量在以0.5％和0.25％浸泡后分别增加6.9％和9.6％(表6)。用以4qt/a滴灌时有7.3％产量增加。
表5.平均新根计数，按日期和处理列出(栏中用*标示的数据在LSDP＝0.05水平下无显著差异)。
表6.每处理以克计的总果实产量(栏中用*标示的数据在LSD P＝0.05水平下无显著差异)。
实施例6：大虎杖(配制为)对西红柿移植物生长的影响
植物浸泡：将种植前将加工西红柿栽培种Heinz 5003的移植物于每种处理中泡30分钟。
处理“
1.水对照；
2.0.5％(v/v)的
3.1.0％(v/v)的
每种处理4个重复，安排为随机化完全区组设计。每个重复有12株植物。
评估：在第2、4周后，对处理取样，各样地取出3株植物，测根和芽(shoot)重量。
结果和结论：使用0.5％的处理后的移植物，处理2和4周后，有更多的新芽重量和显著更多的根重量(表7)。
表7.进行浸泡后西红柿移植物的新芽平均重量(g)和根平均重量(g)(栏中用*标示的数据在LSD P＝0.05水平下无显著差异)。
虽然已经根据具体实施方案描述了本发明，但其详细内容不应解释为限制，因为显然也可利用各种的等同物、变化和修改，其仍属本发明的范围。
本文说明提及许多参考文献，其整体援引加入本文。
参考文献
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Claims (8)
1.一种用于促进植物种子萌发的方法，包括向所述种子施用有效促进所述植物种子萌发的量的包括衍生自大虎杖的大黄素甲醚的组合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述植物为谷类作物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中所述谷类作物选自大豆、小麦、稻和玉米。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述植物为甜菜。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述组合物进一步包括大黄素、大黄酚、翼核果醌、大黄素糖苷、大黄酚糖苷、大黄素甲醚糖苷、3，4-二羟基-1-甲氧基蒽醌-2-甲醛或虎刺醛。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述组合物进一步包括种子包衣剂。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述组合物在沟槽内施用于所述种子。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法，进一步包括种植所述种子的步骤。
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115088724A (zh) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-09-23 | 山东康惠植物保护有限公司 | 一种用于黄瓜白粉病的含四氟醚唑和大黄酚的杀菌剂 |
| CN115088724B (zh) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-11-15 | 山东康惠植物保护有限公司 | 一种用于黄瓜白粉病的含四氟醚唑和大黄酚的杀菌剂 |
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