CN104806265B - Impact ground pressure preventing method of full seam gateway - Google Patents
Impact ground pressure preventing method of full seam gateway Download PDFInfo
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- CN104806265B CN104806265B CN201510148933.XA CN201510148933A CN104806265B CN 104806265 B CN104806265 B CN 104806265B CN 201510148933 A CN201510148933 A CN 201510148933A CN 104806265 B CN104806265 B CN 104806265B
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Abstract
The invention provides an impact ground pressure preventing method of a full seam gateway. The method is that an impact preventing support consisting of energy absorbing steel beams and energy absorbing anchor rod ropes is added on the basis of the general support composed of an iron wire net, a steel belt and an anchor rod, wherein the energy absorbing steel beams are lengthways distributed at intervals along the gateway, comprising two layers of steel plates, and energy absorbing boxes which are fixed at intervals between the two layers of steel plates; gateway surrounded rock in a propping plate and two sides is drilled and grouted, so that the gateway surrounded rock can damp the impact; two bottom corners of the gateway within the advance influence range of a workface are blasted to release pressure. According to the method, the general support, the impact preventing support, the surrounded rock modification and the blasting and pressure release of the bottom corners of the gateway are synchronously carried out to form a point-line-face-body 3D distribution type energy absorbing and impact preventing system; the incident stress wave can be reduced through the support system, and the reflecting stress wave of the gateway surface can be reduced; the modified loose surrounded rock mass can greatly reduce the influence of the impact energy on the support structure; the four measures supplement each other and synergistically interacted, so that the impact ground pressure preventing capacity of the gateway can be greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal mine downhole safety protection, method is pressed on particularly a kind of whole enzymatic method protecting against shock ground.
Background technology
With continuing to increase of coal mining depth and mining rate, bump occurs the frequency and intensity also to increase continuous
Plus, there is abrupt release substantial amounts of elastic compression energy in bump, can make tunnel subject to severe risks of damage, cause great casualties
Lose security incident with equipment.Therefore, how to prevent bump from the destruction in tunnel is become with coal mining weight urgently to be resolved hurrily
Hang-up.
At present, the supporting of danger of burst roadway surrounding rock is mostly adopted with anchor pole, anchor cable, steel arch-shelf and strong supporting etc.
Plant or several support pattern being used in combination.Most common of which be back and two help arrange by wire netting, steel band and
(wire netting is laid on tunnel surface, is spaced laterally apart steel band, anchor along tunnel on wire netting for the conventional supporting of anchor pole composition
Bar is spaced apart and is anchored in roadway surrounding rock through steel band) plus steel strand anchor cable.This only taking increases support density, adds
" resisting stubbornly for strong " conventional support pattern protecting against shock ground pressure effect of big supporting intensity is unsatisfactory.
For improve support unit protecting against shock press performance, zl201210579310.4 patent disclose a kind of by anchor pole
The energy-absorption anchor rod rope forming with anchor cable, this energy-absorption anchor rod rope makes anchor pole and anchor cable be combined into one by resigning connection sleeve pipe, tool
There are Coupled Rigid-flexible characteristic and quick resigning energy absorption characteristics, improve the protecting against shock of component as support unit with it press performance,
But it is used alone this anchor pole rope and still can not resist more serious bump.
Zl201310657212.2 patent document discloses a kind of anchor rete cord-shape steel bracket coupling supporting structure and side
Method, can make quasi-static loads deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel uniformly, not consider the stability of roadway surrounding rock under impact loading.
Application No. cn201410374840.4 patent specification discloses a kind of constant resistance and large deformation anchor rod/anchor cable and its
Method for designing, does not consider the interaction of synergy between each component and component and country rock, roadway surrounding rock property
Improve.
Content of the invention
The defect being existed according to above-mentioned prior art, the present invention confirms through research, and protecting against shock ground pressure must to the destruction in tunnel
Two aspects must be taken into account: one is that the component forming roadway support structure should have energy-absorbing function simultaneously, when so that impact is occurred, each structure
Part can quickly absorb impact energy, reduces the destructiveness to whole supporting construction and roadway surrounding rock for the impact energy；Two is to need to improve
The mechanical property of country rock itself, improves the impact resilience ability of country rock itself.
Follow this research conclusion, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of many technical measures develop simultaneously, have three-dimensional distributed
The whole enzymatic method protecting against shock ground pressure method of energy-absorbing flush-prevention function, with the coal mine production safety thing effectively preventing bump from causing
Therefore.
For achieving the above object, the method for the whole enzymatic method protecting against shock ground pressure that the present invention provides, including in back and
Two help to arrange the conventional supporting being made up of wire netting, steel band and anchor pole, and (wire netting is laid on tunnel surface, on wire netting
It is spaced laterally apart steel band along tunnel, anchor pole is spaced apart and is anchored in roadway surrounding rock through steel band)；It is characterized in, also wrap
Include:
A. help to set up, in back and two, the erosion control supporting being made up of energy-absorbing girder steel and energy-absorption anchor rod rope；Wherein energy-absorbing steel
Beam is fixed on two-layer steel along tunnel longitudinally spaced distributions, energy-absorbing girder steel by the two-layered steel plates of mutual spacing 80～100mm and interval
Energy-absorption box between plate is constituted, and energy-absorption box is welded perpendicular to upper and lower two-layered steel plates by four pieces of square bar plates with steel plate same material
Upper lower steel plate is constituted, the array pitch on steel band is identical with anchor pole for the spacing of energy-absorption box, described energy-absorption anchor rod rope passes through energy-absorbing
Steel plate residing for box and energy-absorption box insert in the boring that tunnel opens up in advance, and its deep carries out anchor with resin explosive roll anchoring material
Gu, superficial part (in the range of 2m) uses steel fiber reinforced mortar injecting paste material to anchor；
B. Acoustic sounding is adopted to measure Exploring Loose Rock Country in Tunnels size, the adjacent energy-absorbing girder steel helped in top board and two
On roadway surrounding rock and adjacent steel band between, inlet well is beaten at interval, and the depth of inlet well is more than Exploring Loose Rock Country in Tunnels size
0.5m, injects, using high-pressure slip-casting method, the injecting paste material that country rock can be made to have damping capacity in inlet well；
C. mining induced stress detection technique is adopted to measure ahead work face coverage, in ahead work face coverage
Carry out unloading pressure by blasting, unloading pressure by blasting bore angle becomes 40～50 ° of angles with roadway floor, explosion position controls at the base angle of tunnel two
Two help anchor pole and the outer 2～3m of energy-absorption anchor rod rope sphere of action.
For improve energy-absorbing girder steel anti-bending strength, the two-layered steel plates of described energy-absorbing girder steel lower surface (with tunnel surface
Opposite surface) it is pasted with high-strength tensile carbon cloth.
The described cohesive material that country rock can be made to have damping capacity is the polyurethane injecting paste material containing basalt fibre.
Erosion control supporting in the present invention is combined and is constituted by energy-absorbing girder steel and energy-absorption anchor rod rope, and wherein energy-absorbing girder steel is in tunnel
Each energy-absorption anchor rod rope is connected by surface, makes the stress of energy-absorption anchor rod rope tend to uniform, is conducive to playing the whole of energy-absorption anchor rod rope
Body synchronization energy-absorbing function；Additionally, when bump occurs, being distributed in the energy-absorption box axial quilt under a certain pressure between energy-absorbing girder steel
Rapid compression, absorbs impact energy, can greatly cut down tunnel surface reflection stress wave, weakens reflection stress wave to tunnel superficial part country rock
The tensile impact effect of body.This erosion control supporting of composition that energy-absorption anchor rod rope is combined with energy-absorbing girder steel, its protecting against shock ground pressure
Performance ratio is used alone energy-absorption anchor rod rope and can improve several times.It is further added by this erosion control supporting on the basis of the routine supporting of tunnel
Afterwards, can make whole roadway support protecting against shock press that performance ratio is used alone conventional supporting or erosion control supporting improves further.
The present invention takes slurry injection technique that roadway surrounding rock is changed into viscosity and the flexibility with damping capacity by loose condition (of surface)
Medium, can play damping energy dissipation effect to Shock stress Wave, and mitigating bump can be to the effect of supporting construction, so that tunnel
Protecting against shock ground pressure function on the basis of conventional supporting and erosion control supporting, further improved.
The present invention, while strengthening roadway support and country rock is modified, also takes unloading pressure by blasting at tunnel base angle, can prevent
Because adopting the base plate bump generation causing roadway floor High confinement of energy and leading to.
Compared with prior art, the present invention takes conventional supporting, erosion control supporting simultaneously, country rock is modified and tunnel base angle is quick-fried
Four technical measures such as broken release, constitute tunnel " point-line-face-body " three-dimensional distributed energy-absorbing erosion control system.Wherein by conventional
The supporting construction that shield and erosion control supporting combine can weaken incident stress wave activity, can cut down tunnel surface reflection stress wave again
Effect；Modified loose wall rock body has big flexibility, large deformation, high-damping and highly energy-consuming characteristic, and impact can be greatly reduced
Can be to the effect of supporting construction.Four technical measures complement each other, Synergistic, so that protecting against shock ground pressure energy power in tunnel is significantly carried
Height, is effectively ensured the stability of the lower heading of bump effect, it is to avoid bump and ore deposit shake the coal production peace causing
Full accident.
Brief description
Accompanying drawing is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the tunnel plane outspread drawing using supporting construction of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the longitudinal sectional view of erosion control supporting in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is adjacent two energy-absorbing joist lap-joint longitudinal profile partial enlarged drawings.
In figure: 1- anchor pole, 2- steel band, 3- wire netting, 4- energy-absorption anchor rod rope, 5- energy-absorbing girder steel, 6- inlet well, 7- tunnel
Country rock, 8- steel plate, 9- energy-absorption box, 10- carbon cloth, 11- resin explosive roll anchoring material, 12- steel fiber reinforced mortar slip casting material
Material, rock mass in the middle of 13-, the firm rock mass in 14- tunnel deep.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Whole enzymatic method protecting against shock ground of the present invention pressure method, roadway support structure is as shown in figure 1, after tunnelling, adopt first
Help the tunnel table of (outer portion of two dotted lines in Fig. 1) with routine techniques in back (part between two dotted lines in Fig. 1) and two
Wire netting 3 is laid in face, is spaced laterally apart steel band 2 along tunnel, along steel band anchor pole spaced apart 1, by anchor pole on wire netting
It is anchored in roadway surrounding rock through steel band, constitute the conventional supporting being made up of wire netting, steel band and anchor pole.Then in back
On the basis of the above-mentioned routine supporting helped with two, set up by energy-absorbing girder steel 5 and energy-absorption anchor rod rope 4 (energy-absorption anchor rod rope is prior art)
The erosion control supporting of composition.Wherein energy-absorbing girder steel as shown in Figures 2 and 3, is fixed by the two-layered steel plates 8 and interval of mutual spacing 80mm
Energy-absorption box 9 between two-layered steel plates is constituted.Below two-layered steel plates, (surface with tunnel surface opposite) pastes high intensity
Tension carbon cloth 10, to strengthen the anti-bending strength of steel plate.Using four pieces of square bar plates with steel plate same material perpendicular to upper
Lower two-layered steel plates are welded on the energy-absorption box 9 constituting closing on lower steel plate.Spacing between energy-absorption box and anchor pole are on steel band
Array pitch is identical.The upper lower steel plate constituting energy-absorption box opens up the duct passed through for described energy-absorption anchor rod rope.Adjacent energy-absorbing girder steel
Overlapping mode using conode connects, and is provided with energy-absorption box at node.As shown in figure 1, energy-absorbing girder steel is close to tunnel surface, edge
The longitudinally spaced arrangement in tunnel (energy-absorbing girder steel is vertical with steel band), mutually wrong in vertical and horizontal according to energy-absorption anchor rod rope and anchor pole
The layout opened, in the boring that energy-absorption anchor rod rope is passed through the duct insertion tunnel opening up on described upper lower steel plate to open up in advance, inhales
Roadway surrounding rock 7 and middle rock mass 13 can be passed through by anchor pole rope, be inserted on the firm rock mass in tunnel deep 14, its deep adopts resin explosive roll
Anchoring material 11 is anchored, and superficial part (in the range of 2m) is anchored using steel fiber reinforced mortar injecting paste material 12, uses energy-absorbing
Energy-absorbing girder steel is fastened on tunnel surface by the pre-load nut (not shown) of anchor pole rope afterbody.
After completing the supporting of above-mentioned routine and erosion control supporting, Exploring Loose Rock Country in Tunnels chi is measured using Acoustic sounding
Very little, then on the roadway surrounding rock 7 that top board and two are helped between adjacent energy-absorbing girder steel and adjacent steel band, play inlet well 6, slip casting
The depth of boring is more than Exploring Loose Rock Country in Tunnels size 0.5m, is injected using high-pressure slip-casting method and contain the Black Warrior in inlet well
The polyurethane injecting paste material of rock fiber, makes country rock have viscosity and flexibility, plays damping action to impact.Lou note for avoiding or note
Slurry is not enough, and method inspection slip casting effect is spied in available boring, not enough if any leakage note or slip casting, need to carry out after-teeming.
Meanwhile, with the propulsion of working face, ahead work face coverage is measured using mining induced stress detection technique,
Carry out unloading pressure by blasting at tunnel two base angle in ahead work face coverage, prevent from adopting cause roadway floor high-energy amass
Gather and lead to bump to occur.Unloading pressure by blasting bore angle becomes 40 ° of angles with roadway floor, and explosion position controls helps anchor pole two
At 3m outer with the sphere of action of energy-absorption anchor rod rope.
In the present invention, conventional supporting and the structural member such as anchor pole, steel band, anchor pole rope and energy-absorbing girder steel used by erosion control supporting sets
The technical parameters such as meter size, longitudinal array pitch, horizontal spacing can be by calculating the discharged energy of different brackets ore deposit shake impact and every
During root anchor pole and energy-absorption anchor rod rope blastic deformation, absorbent energy is determining.
Embodiment:
Certain ore deposit one working face, coal seam thickness 12m, ocurrence of coal seam is stable, and air intake lane is 21m3Stalk crowned section, belong to complete
Coal road road, it is dangerous to have a thump, have selected the test that the long tunnel of 90m has carried out following three kinds of support patterns during tunneling:
Test section 1: tunnel length 30m, using conventional plus steel strand anchor cable supporting, adopt " anchor pole+iron in back
Net+steel band " separately adds the support pattern of steel strand anchor cable.Wherein rock-bolt length is 2.2m, and spacing is 0.8m, and array pitch is 0.8m, anchor
The a diameter of 17.8mm of rope, length are 7m, and cable interval is 1.6m, array pitch 1.2m.Two help using " anchor pole+iron net+steel band " supporting,
Rock-bolt length is 2.2m, and spacing is 0.8m, and array pitch is 0.8m.
Test section 2: tunnel length 30m, its supporting construction is with the steel strand wires anchor in energy-absorption anchor rod rope alternate test section 1
Rope, also increases energy-absorption anchor rod rope in roadway's sides simultaneously, and remaining is identical with test section 1.Energy-absorption anchor rod rope diameter 17.8mm, long
The steel strand anchor cable of 7m is combined with the twisted steel anchor rod of diameter 22mm, long 2.2m.
Test section 3: tunnel length 30m, using the inventive method, that is, on the basis of the supporting of test section 2, using energy-absorbing steel
Energy-absorption anchor rod rope is coupled together by beam, helps the polyurethane injecting paste material containing basalt fibre by injection to change in back and two
Property roadway surrounding rock, carries out unloading pressure by blasting at tunnel two base angle in ahead work face coverage simultaneously.
Strong ore deposit shake is there occurs once, through microseism positioning, hypocentral location is in distance test (DT) section 3 interposition during work back production
Put, and back vertical range 50m, side left with tunnel horizontal range 60m, earthquake magnitude is 2.8 grades, microseism release energy for
106j.
Test section 1 is farthest apart from focus, but tunnel bulk deformation is serious, and wherein crush 0.8m, left side displacement 0.6m,
Most of tunnel surface rock crusher is caving, and part steel strand anchor cable is disrumpent feelings, and tunnel can not use completely.
Test section 2 is slightly remote apart from focus, and tunnel bulk deformation is serious, and wherein crush 0.6m, and left side shifts near 0.5m, do not have
It is found that energy-absorption anchor rod rope is disrumpent feelings, but the country rock between adjacent two energy-absorbing anchor cables shows as local shedding, part anchor pole loses support anchor
Basis, tunnel could meet use requirement after needing repairing.
Test section 3 is nearest apart from hypocentral location, but tunnel does not occur big deformation failure, and simply crush 0.3m
(the energy-absorbing length of energy-absorption anchor rod rope), left side shifts near 0.3～0.4m, and tunnel surface rock integrity preferably, is fully able to meet
Tunnel is continuing with.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of whole enzymatic method protecting against shock ground pressure method, helps setting by wire netting (3), steel band (2) including in back and two
The conventional supporting forming with anchor pole (1)；It is characterized in that, also include:
A. help to set up, in back and two, the erosion control supporting being made up of energy-absorbing girder steel (5) and energy-absorption anchor rod rope (4)；Wherein energy-absorbing
Girder steel is fixed on two along tunnel longitudinally spaced distributions, energy-absorbing girder steel by the two-layered steel plates (8) of mutual spacing 80～100mm and interval
Energy-absorption box (9) between layer steel plate is constituted, and energy-absorption box is by four pieces of square bar plates with steel plate same material perpendicular to upper and lower two-layer
Steel plate is welded on and constitutes on lower steel plate, and the array pitch on steel band is identical with anchor pole for the spacing of energy-absorption box, described energy-absorption anchor rod rope
Steel plate residing for through energy-absorption box and energy-absorption box insert in the boring that tunnel opens up in advance, its deep resin explosive roll anchoring material
(11) anchored, superficial part is anchored with steel fiber reinforced mortar injecting paste material (12)；
B. Acoustic sounding is adopted to measure Exploring Loose Rock Country in Tunnels size, the adjacent energy-absorbing girder steel (5) helped in top board and two
Inlet well (6) is beaten at the upper interval of roadway surrounding rock (7) and adjacent steel band between, and it is loosening that the depth of inlet well is more than roadway surrounding rock
Circle size 0.5m, injects, using high-pressure slip-casting method, the injecting paste material that country rock can be made to have damping capacity in inlet well；
C. mining induced stress detection technique is adopted to measure ahead work face coverage, to the tunnel in ahead work face coverage
Carry out unloading pressure by blasting, unloading pressure by blasting bore angle becomes 40～50 ° of angles with roadway floor, explosion position controls to be helped two at two base angles
Anchor pole and the outer 2～3m of energy-absorption anchor rod rope sphere of action.
2. a kind of whole enzymatic method protecting against shock ground pressure method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that in described energy-absorbing girder steel
The lower surface of two-layered steel plates (8) be pasted with high-strength tensile carbon cloth (10).
3. a kind of whole enzymatic method protecting against shock ground according to claim 1 pressure method is it is characterised in that can make in described b
The injecting paste material that country rock has damping capacity is the polyurethane injecting paste material containing basalt fibre.
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| CN103557008B (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2015-08-12 | 中国矿业大学 | The erosion control supporting and protection structure of walled metallic structure and the coupling of tunnel anchoring country rock |
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