CN104832198B - Deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel, impulsion pressure, coal and gas prominent comprehensive processing method - Google Patents
Deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel, impulsion pressure, coal and gas prominent comprehensive processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104832198B CN104832198B CN201510110024.7A CN201510110024A CN104832198B CN 104832198 B CN104832198 B CN 104832198B CN 201510110024 A CN201510110024 A CN 201510110024A CN 104832198 B CN104832198 B CN 104832198B
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- coal
- surrounding rock
- gas
- rock
- borehole
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices, or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of comprehensive processing method for being directed to deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel, impulsion pressure, coal and gas prominent, this method is acted on the strength reinforcing of country rock body based on anchor pole active support, reduction, release, preventing and treating impulsion pressure effect of the large diameter borehole to coal body, effective reduction coal seam gas-bearing capacity of gas drainage system；This method uses anchor pole active support technology in the lane of working face two first, strengthen Surrounding Rock Strength, then every 3~3.5m construction major diameter destressing boreholes between anchor pole, and sealing of hole is carried out to major diameter destressing borehole, construct at a certain distance again firedamp taking-out discharging drilling, extraction coal-bed gas, the suspension roof support structure and large diameter borehole sealing of hole of the present invention has collectively constituted roadway surrounding rock stabilization zone, roadway deformation can effectively be controlled, maintenance work space, the stabilization zone that this method is formed, weakening region, Drainage Area can effectively prevent and treat large deformation of roadway, impulsion pressure, the Deep Mine dynamic disaster such as coal and gas prominent, provided safeguard for mine safety production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel, impulsion pressure, coal and gas prominent comprehensive processing method, especially
It is related to the comprehensive processing method that a variety of dynamic disasters of survey technologies of coal mining face in deep mine are coupled and deposited.
Background technology
With the development of Chinese national economy, the demand of the energy increasingly increases, master of the coal as China's energy resource structure
Part is wanted, its mining rate steps up.In recent years, large quantities of pit mining activities enter deep, originally in shallow mining
The disaster not occurred in activity appears one by one, such as impulsion pressure, soft rock large deformation.It is a variety of dynamic also to occur same working face simultaneously
The phenomenon that power disaster is coupled and deposited, various dynamic disasters mutually induce, promoted, and the mining environment of survey technologies of coal mining face in deep mine is entered one
Step deteriorates, potential safety hazard increase.
In the working face for coupling and depositing with a variety of disasters such as large deformation of roadway, impulsion pressure, coal and gas prominent, it is badly in need of
One kind synthesis, efficient administering method, with the exploitation that ensures safety.According to conventional Treatment process and experience, for the big change in tunnel
Shape, main method are to be based on Surrounding Rock Strength reinforcement theory, using the method for anchor pole active support, improve Surrounding Rock Strength, make tunnel
The fracture area of country rock and the increase of plastic zone intensity, the self-bearing ability of country rock is given full play to, reach the purpose of preventing and treating surrouding rock deformation；Pin
To impulsion pressure, main method is to subtract to rush principle based on coal rock strength reduction, using large diameter borehole release, coal body explosion etc.
Method, coal and rock is crushed, reduces the ability of its storage and release elasticity energy, a reduction energy-absorbing band is formed in coal and rock,
Effectively reduce and the influence of the digging, geological structure activity of energy to country rock is transmitted with seismic wave form, reach preventing and treating coal and rock punching
The purpose hit；For coal and gas prominent, mainly using the anti-reflection technology in a series of coal seam, strata penetration hole, concordant hole, ground are equipped with
The drainage methods such as drilling, gas in extraction coal seam, reduce gas bearing capacity, weaken gas pressure, gasresolution can participate in coal with watt
This ability protruded, reach the purpose of preventing and treating coal and gas prominent.
For deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel, impulsion pressure, coal and gas prominent administering method due to emphasis it is different, instruct reason
By difference, thus operational sequence is intersected sometimes, or even inconsistent.In the various dynamic disaster couplings of survey technologies of coal mining face in deep mine
And, it is necessary to a kind of prevention and controls of synthesis in the case of depositing, the advantages of each Treatment process can be merged, and targetedly, subregion
, efficiently administer various dynamic disasters.Therefore, it is necessary to seek a kind of integrated control lane suitable for survey technologies of coal mining face in deep mine
Road surrouding rock deformation, impulsion pressure, the method for coal and gas prominent.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to be directed to a variety of dynamic disasters of survey technologies of coal mining face in deep mine and the reality deposited, and are carried
For a kind of each dynamic disaster prophylactico-therapeutic measures of tunable, different administering methods of being constructed to different zones coal body, reach comprehensive high-efficiency and prevent
Control deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel, impulsion pressure, the purpose of coal and gas prominent deep dynamic disaster.
The present invention is based on roadway surrounding rock strength reinforcing theory, coal and rock weakens to subtract and rushes theoretical, gas drainage under suction theory, using anchor
Bar active support technology, large diameter borehole unloading technology, concordant hole gas drainage technique, comprehensive regulation deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel, punching
Ore deposit pressure, coal and gas prominent are hit, the invention provides a kind of deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel, impulsion pressure, coal and gas prominent Synthetic
Reason method, it is characterised in that it comprises the following steps：
A. using anchor pole, anchor cable joint active support technology, stabilization zone is formed in roadway surrounding rock；
B. major diameter destressing borehole is used, weakening region is formed in working face coal and rock；
C. firedamp taking-out discharging drilling is used, gas drainage under suction area is formed in working face.
Further, preferably, in described step a, the specific method that stabilization zone is formed in roadway surrounding rock is：Root
According to roadway surrounding rock physical parameter and top, coal, bottom structure feature, it is determined that rational active support mode carries out supporting roadway surrounding rock work
Sequence, roadway surrounding rock body intensity is then improved using anchor pole, anchor cable, a stabilization zone is formed around tunnel, undertake rock stratum application
Stress, reduce deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel amount.
Further, preferably, in described step b, it is specially：In the lane of working face two to applying on the rib of working face side
Work major diameter destressing borehole, bore diameter are more than 108mm, 15~20m of hole depth, 3~3.5m of spacing, vertical rib arrangement, drilling
Among anchor pole spacing；Then injection hole sealing is carried out to large diameter borehole, hole sealing depth should exceed anchor pole or anchor cable to coal body
Interior extension 1~2m of solstics, so as to form weakening region in stabilization zone outer ring to large diameter borehole bottom hole, the weakening region can absorb
Various dynamic load energy.
Further, preferably, in described step c, specific method is：After the completion of the construction of major diameter destressing borehole,
Grown further according to the extraction time at interval of certain distance one firedamp taking-out discharging drilling of construction, sealed borehole length not less than large diameter borehole
Degree, extraction drilling gas blowby being avoided, the firedamp taking-out discharging drilling of tunnel both sides should be intersected, and extraction blind area is not stayed in working face,
Gas inside abundant extraction working face in coal seam, forms Drainage Area.
Further, preferably, during construction major diameter destressing borehole, a row is arranged in the middle part of coal seam when coal is thick is less than 2m
Drilling, when coal is thick is more than 2m, using double eye or the arrangement drilling of three row's eyes.
Further, preferably, specific active support mode is：Roadway workface section is using anchor rete cord joint branch
Shield, back indulge muscle high strength anchor bar, 750 × 750mm of array pitch using the left-handed nothings of Φ 22-500/2800；Portion of side uses Φ 22-
500/2500 dextrorotation full thread high strength anchor bar, 700 × 750mm of array pitch；Anchor cable is the high-strength anchor cables of Φ 22-6300, an array pitch
1000×1500mm；For the rhombus net top plate specification used for 5000 × 900mm, portion of side is 3200 × 900mm：Roofbolt uses
7 M5 steel bands link, long L=5000mm, and portion of side is 5 M5 steel bands, long L=3200mm；Long L=is used alternatingly in anchor cable
2500mm, and long L=3500mm No. 18 channel-section steels link, and reinforcing plot structure is formd in the range of country rock scope 2-3m.
The present invention is using anchor pole active support technology, the deep-well work of large diameter borehole unloading technology, gas drainage technique
Face comprehensive processing method, mainly includes：Stabilization zone is formed by anchor pole, large diameter borehole injection hole sealing section in roadway surrounding rock inner ring,
Control deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel；Reduction Jian Chong areas are formed to coal body deep to large diameter borehole bottom hole, reduce outside dynamic load to tunnel
The disturbance of country rock；Again outwards, drilled by extraction and form Drainage Area, gas in abundant extraction coal seam, reduce coal and gas prominent danger
Dangerous degree.
The invention has the advantages that：
1st, anchor pole active support technology, large diameter borehole unloading technology, the advantage of gas drainage technique are taken full advantage of, it is right
There is higher applicability with the dangerous working face of deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel, impulsion pressure, coal and gas prominent；
2nd, distribution of each dynamic disaster Prevention Technique on time and space has been coordinated, working face is divided into stabilization zone, reduction
Area, Drainage Area, every control measures are not interfere with each other, are played one's part to the full；
3rd, this comprehensive processing method makes working face coal and rock form stabilization zone, weakening region, Drainage Area, targetedly, high
Preventing and treating deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel, impulsion pressure, the coal and gas prominent dynamic disaster of effect；
4th, construction is simple, securely and reliably, effect are good, have wide applicability.
Brief description of the drawings
Deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel, impulsion pressure, coal and gas prominent comprehensive processing method the drilling arrangement that Fig. 1 is the present invention are shown
It is intended to.
Fig. 2 is deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel, impulsion pressure, coal and gas prominent comprehensive processing method the drilling cloth horizontalization of the present invention
Face figure.
Fig. 3 is stabilization zone of the present invention, weakening region, Drainage Area profile.
Fig. 4 is stabilization zone of the present invention, weakening region, Drainage Area plan.
In figure：1- firedamp taking-out discharging drillings；2- major diameter destressing boreholes；3- support anchor rods；4- supporting anchorage cables；A- prop anchors
Bar, anchor cable extend maximum length to coal and rock；B- large diameter borehole sealing of holes cross a distances, take 1~2m；C- large diameter boreholes do not seal
Hole length；D- working face extraction section lengths.
Wherein：Stabilization zone corresponds to a, b scope, and weakening region corresponds to c scopes, and Drainage Area corresponds to d scopes.
Embodiment
Below with certain ore deposit concrete engineering geological condition, embodiment of the present invention is illustrated：
Certain working face of ore deposit 11501, average mining depth average 1.59m, are inclined more than 900m, 0.66~2.27m of coal seam thickness
0~9 ° of angle, average 5 °, ocurrence of coal seam is stable, digs bottom plate and top plate portion rock stratum during two headings respectively.Through evaluation
Working face has roadway surrounding rock large deformation, impulsion pressure, a variety of dynamic disasters of coal and gas prominent, using provided by the invention one
Kind deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel, impulsion pressure, coal and gas prominent comprehensive processing method, are comprised the following steps that：
1st, using anchor rete cord active support technology, strengthen Surrounding Rock Strength, improve its self-bearing ability, form surrounding rock consolidation
Area.Such as Fig. 1, roadway workface section uses combined support with bolt-net-cable, and back indulges muscle using the left-handed nothings of Φ 22-500/2800
High strength anchor bar, 750 × 750mm of array pitch；Portion of side uses Φ 22-500/2500 dextrorotation full thread high strength anchor bars, and an array pitch 700 ×
750mm；Anchor cable is the high-strength anchor cables of Φ 22-6300,1000 × 1500mm of array pitch；The rhombus net top plate specification used for 5000 ×
900mm, portion of side are 3200 × 900mm；Roofbolt is linked using 7 M5 steel bands, and long L=5000mm, portion of side is 5 M5 steel
Band, long L=3200mm；Long L=2500mm is used alternatingly in supporting anchorage cable 4, and long L=3500mm No. 18 channel-section steels link.Anchor net
Rope active support structure, which effectively improves, encloses rock mass strength, and reinforcing plot structure is formd in the range of 2~3m of country rock scope.
2nd, using large diameter borehole unloading technology, fractured coal and rock reduces the ability of its storage and release elasticity energy, and has
Effect absorbs various dynamic load energy, forms country rock weakening region.In the gallery of working face two to working face coal body side, every 3~3.5m
One major diameter destressing borehole 2 of construction, diameter 108mm, hole depth 20m, single to be arranged in the middle part of coal body, vertical rib, drilling should
It is arranged in as far as possible among the spacing of support anchor rod 3.Fracture area to form major diameter destressing borehole 2 does not reinforce to bolt-mesh-anchor support
Area is impacted, and sealing of hole is carried out to major diameter destressing borehole 2, and sealing of hole distance extends more than anchor pole or anchor cable into coal body most to be greatly enhanced
1~2m is spent, such as a, b scope in Fig. 3, this ore deposit takes sealed borehole length a+b=6m.Major diameter destressing borehole 2 forms in country rock body
The fracture area of 14m length, such as c scopes in Fig. 3.In the fracture area, coal and rock cranny development, modulus of elasticity and breaking load reduce,
Shock hazard is reduced, while the dynamic load disturbance to transmitting energy with seismic wave form has good energy-absorbing function, so that
Reduction is formd outside roadway surrounding rock stabilization zone subtract rush plot structure.
3rd, using gas drainage technique, gas in long-time extraction coal seam, gas bearing capacity is reduced, reduces coal and gas prominent
Danger, form gas drainage under suction area.In the gallery of working face two to working face coal body side, every 10m or so one gas of construction
Extraction drilling 1, more than 7 months extraction time；Bore diameter 108mm, the vertical single arrangement of rib, drilling are arranged in two as far as possible
Protect between anchor pole 3, major diameter destressing borehole 2 is no longer beaten in extraction drill hole, avoid broken coal body from causing extraction drilling gas blowby, shadow
Gas drainage results are rung, using pouch " a two stifled notes " mode sealing of hole, sealing of hole segment length 20m；Due to the long 220m of working face, design drilling is deep
120m is spent, so that extraction drilling has 20m intersection in the middle part of working face, as shown in Figure 2.Extraction drilling is for a long time to coal seam watt
This carries out extraction, reduces coal seam gas-bearing capacity, gas drainage under suction area is internally formed in working face, reduces coal and gas prominent danger
It is dangerous.
Embodiment of above is merely to illustrate the present invention, and not limitation of the present invention, about the common of technical field
Technical staff, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, it can also make a variety of changes and modification, thus it is all
Equivalent technical scheme falls within scope of the invention, and scope of patent protection of the invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel, impulsion pressure, coal and gas prominent comprehensive processing method, it is characterised in that it is included such as
Lower step：
A. using anchor pole, anchor cable joint active support technology, stabilization zone is formed in roadway surrounding rock；
B. major diameter destressing borehole is used, weakening region is formed in working face coal and rock；
C. firedamp taking-out discharging drilling is used, gas drainage under suction area is formed in working face；
Wherein, in described step a, the specific method that stabilization zone is formed in roadway surrounding rock is：Joined according to roadway surrounding rock physics
Number and top, coal, bottom structure feature, it is determined that reasonably active support mode carry out supporting roadway surrounding rock process, then using anchor pole,
Anchor cable improves roadway surrounding rock body intensity, and a stabilization zone is formed around tunnel, undertakes the stress of rock stratum application, reduces tunnel and encloses
Rock deflection；
In described step b, it is specially：In the lane of working face two to construction major diameter destressing borehole on the rib of working face side, bore
Bore dia is more than 108mm, and 15~20m of hole depth, 3~3.5m of spacing, vertical rib arrangement, drilling is among anchor pole spacing；So
Injection hole sealing is carried out to large diameter borehole afterwards, hole sealing depth should exceed anchor pole or anchor cable extends 1~2m of solstics into coal body, from
And weakening region is formed in stabilization zone outer ring to large diameter borehole bottom hole, the weakening region can absorb various dynamic load energy；
In described step c, specific method is：Major diameter destressing borehole construction after the completion of, further according to the extraction time at interval of
Certain distance one firedamp taking-out discharging drilling of construction, sealed borehole length are not less than large diameter borehole length, avoid extraction drilling gas blowby, lane
The firedamp taking-out discharging drilling of road both sides should be intersected, and extraction blind area, abundant extraction working face inside coal seam are not stayed in working face
In gas, formed Drainage Area.
2. a kind of deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel according to claim 1, impulsion pressure, coal and gas prominent comprehensive processing method,
Characterized in that, during construction major diameter destressing borehole, a row hole drilling is arranged in the middle part of coal seam when coal is thick is less than 2m, when coal is thick big
When 2m, using double eye or the arrangement drilling of three row's eyes.
3. a kind of deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel according to claim 1, impulsion pressure, coal and gas prominent comprehensive processing method,
Characterized in that, specific active support mode is：Roadway workface section uses combined support with bolt-net-cable, and back uses
The left-handed nothings of Φ 22-500/2800 indulge muscle high strength anchor bar, 750 × 750mm of array pitch；Portion of side is complete using Φ 22-500/2500 dextrorotation
Screw thread high strength anchor bar, 700 × 750mm of array pitch；Anchor cable is the high-strength anchor cables of Φ 22-6300,1000 × 1500mm of array pitch；Using
Rhombus net top plate specification be 5000 × 900mm, portion of side is 3200 × 900mm；Roofbolt is linked using 7 M5 steel bands, long L
=5000mm, portion of side are 5 M5 steel bands, long L=3200mm；Anchor cable is used alternatingly long L=2500mm, and long L=3500mm
No. 18 channel-section steels link, and reinforcing plot structure is formd in the range of country rock scope 2-3m.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510110024.7A CN104832198B (en) | 2015-03-13 | 2015-03-13 | Deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel, impulsion pressure, coal and gas prominent comprehensive processing method |
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| CN201510110024.7A CN104832198B (en) | 2015-03-13 | 2015-03-13 | Deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel, impulsion pressure, coal and gas prominent comprehensive processing method |
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| CN104832198B true CN104832198B (en) | 2017-12-01 |
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| CN108386192A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-08-10 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of method of active Enhanced support and active release prevention bump |
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| CN112709571A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2021-04-27 | 西安闪光能源科技有限公司 | Coal mine tunnel rock burst prevention and control method based on controllable shock wave pre-splitting pressure relief |
| CN112709573B (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2023-08-11 | 西安闪光能源科技有限公司 | Method for preventing and controlling rock burst of hard coal face based on controllable shock wave presplitting |
| CN111305848A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2020-06-19 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for forming roadway weak impact prevention structural layer by repeatedly drilling and fracturing coal rock |
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| CN114427345B (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2022-12-16 | 辽宁大学 | Method for determining coal mine rock burst roadway anti-impact drilling parameters |
| CN112903480B (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2024-01-26 | 安徽理工大学 | Deep roadway anchor rod or anchor cable impact tensile failure judgment and control method thereof |
| CN112855123B (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2023-04-11 | 兖州煤业股份有限公司 | Method for determining depth of pressure relief drilling hole |
| CN113446010B (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2022-09-16 | 中国平煤神马能源化工集团有限责任公司 | High-stress coal seam branch-injection and discharge integrated comprehensive treatment method |
| CN113494299B (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2022-08-02 | 河海大学 | Tunnel rockburst grading prevention and control method using NPR material |
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| RU1257225C (en) * | 1984-12-30 | 1993-11-15 | А.А. Гребенщиков | Method of preventing rock bumps |
| CZ2000277A3 (en) * | 2000-01-24 | 2001-09-12 | Jaroslav Dvořák | Method and devices for preventing rock bursts, especially for use in underground works |
| CN1664310A (en) * | 2005-02-28 | 2005-09-07 | 清华大学 | Control method for coal mine detached island coal pillar rock burst |
| CN1804374B (en) * | 2006-01-06 | 2010-12-01 | 山东科技大学 | Method for preventing and controlling impact geopressure in longwall face gate of coal mine |
| CN102817620B (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2014-07-23 | 大同煤矿集团有限责任公司 | Method for supporting ultra-thick and fluffy coal roadway |
| CN102979542B (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2015-09-30 | 安徽恒源煤电股份有限公司 | A kind of Bolt-mesh-cable support technology |
| CN103161493B (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2014-10-29 | 中国矿业大学 | Gas-liquid-solid three-phase coupling blasting weakening rock burst and permeability increasing method |
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