CN109611130B - Supporting method for preventing rock burst by coupling grouting anchor rod and energy-absorbing material - Google Patents
Supporting method for preventing rock burst by coupling grouting anchor rod and energy-absorbing material Download PDFInfo
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- CN109611130B CN109611130B CN201811243849.6A CN201811243849A CN109611130B CN 109611130 B CN109611130 B CN 109611130B CN 201811243849 A CN201811243849 A CN 201811243849A CN 109611130 B CN109611130 B CN 109611130B
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- grouting anchor
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- absorbing material
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- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 241000219146 Gossypium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
- Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a supporting method for preventing rock burst by coupling a grouting anchor rod and an energy-absorbing material, which comprises the steps of firstly arranging large-diameter drill holes in an area with impact risk respectively perpendicular to an entity coal side and a top plate, then drilling the arranged large-diameter drill holes until the energy-absorbing material is installed, wherein the energy-absorbing material is formed by installing a gradient sound-absorbing cotton on the grouting anchor rod at intervals until a plurality of gradient sound-absorbing cottons are evenly installed on the whole grouting anchor rod at intervals; and finally, grouting and reinforcing the large-diameter drill hole part which is not provided with the energy-absorbing material through a grouting hole in the grouting anchor rod. According to the invention, through the method of coupling the grouting anchor rod and the energy-absorbing material, not only can the static load be effectively relieved, and the shock wave of the dynamic load can be effectively absorbed, but also the stability of two sides and a top plate of the roadway can be improved, and the dual purposes of preventing and treating ground pressure and supporting can be achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an impact prevention method, in particular to a supporting method for preventing rock burst by coupling a grouting anchor rod and an energy absorption material, and belongs to the technical field of precision optical component processing equipment.
Background
In recent years, with the gradual increase of the coal mining depth, the phenomenon of rock burst is more and more concerned by all countries in the world, and the rock burst not only can cause accidents such as coal and rock body vibration, coal and rock body damage, equipment damage, casualties and the like, but also can cause disasters such as gas, coal dust explosion, fire disasters and the like; it has been found that rock burst occurs primarily as a result of the combined action of dynamic and static loads. At present, the anti-impact measures for the rock burst dangerous area mainly comprise large-diameter drilling pressure relief, coal body pressure relief blasting, top plate pressure relief blasting, coal seam water injection pressure relief and other anti-impact measures, but the principle of the measures is that a stress release area is generated by pre-cracking a top plate and a coal seam, so that the influence of concentrated static load is weakened and eliminated; although the prevention and control measures can produce better pressure relief effect, the integrity of the coal wall can be influenced due to the existence of the large-diameter drill holes, the self-supporting capability of the coal body is damaged, and the supporting difficulty is increased; and the measures can only eliminate the influence of concentrated static load on an impact area, when the geological conditions are more complicated, the dynamic load is often the main factor for generating rock burst, and the prevention and treatment measures have little effect on weakening and eliminating the rock burst caused by the dynamic load.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome various defects in the prior art, the invention provides a supporting method for preventing rock burst by coupling a grouting anchor rod and an energy-absorbing material, which not only can enhance the integrity of a coal wall, but also can effectively absorb shock waves generated when the rock burst occurs, simultaneously eliminates the negative effects of dynamic load and static load, and plays a dual role in safe supporting and preventing the rock burst.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a supporting method for preventing rock burst by coupling a grouting anchor rod and an energy-absorbing material, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, determining an impact danger area by using a drilling cutting method in the working face recovery process;
secondly, arranging large-diameter drill holes in the area with the impact risk respectively vertical to the solid coal side and the top plate;
thirdly, installing energy-absorbing materials at the large-diameter drill holes arranged in the second step; the energy absorption material is gradient sound absorption cotton consisting of 100% of polyester fibers; the specific installation steps are as follows:
firstly, mounting a lower limiting valve at the end part of a grouting anchor rod, and sequentially placing a lower isolation plate, gradient sound-absorbing cotton, an upper isolation plate and an upper limiting valve to finish the mounting of the gradient sound-absorbing cotton;
then, installing gradient sound-absorbing cotton on the grouting anchor rod at intervals according to the method until the whole grouting anchor rod is evenly provided with a plurality of gradient sound-absorbing cotton at intervals;
fourthly, anchoring the grouting anchor rod provided with the gradient sound-absorbing cotton in the rock stratum through an anchor rod drilling machine, wherein the length of the grouting anchor rod is more than 0.5m greater than the depth of the large-diameter drilling hole so as to ensure the anchoring effect;
and fifthly, grouting holes are formed in the grouting anchor rods between every two gradient sound-absorbing cottons, and grouting reinforcement is carried out on the large-diameter drilling parts which are not provided with the energy-absorbing materials through the grouting holes.
According to the method, the large-diameter drill holes are arranged to relieve static load, then the energy-absorbing material is arranged in the large-diameter drill holes, and the energy-absorbing material can absorb shock waves generated when rock burst occurs, so that the strength of the rock burst is weakened, and the damage to a roadway is reduced; the dual effects of supporting and pressure reduction are achieved by the alternate arrangement of the grouting anchoring and the gradient sound-absorbing cotton on the grouting anchor rod, the problem that the coal body in an impact danger area is difficult to support due to the arrangement of large-diameter drill holes is solved, and the safety of a roadway is ensured; and the energy-absorbing material is soft in texture and can allow a proper amount of compression deformation, so that the pressure relief effect can be enhanced by properly increasing the density of the large-diameter drill hole, the pressure relief effect can be improved, and the aims of safe support and wave absorption for preventing and treating rock burst can be fulfilled.
Further, in order to effectively monitor the coupling supporting and anti-impact effects of the grouting anchor rod and the energy-absorbing material, after the energy-absorbing material is installed and the grouting anchor rod is anchored, deep hole blasting is performed on a top plate at a position 50m away from the attachment of the stress concentration area, then roadway integrity and micro-shock monitoring are performed on the stress concentration area and the 5m range on the two sides respectively, and countermeasures are taken in time; the method comprises the following specific steps:
a. when the roadway is complete and the vibration wave attenuation effect is obvious, the supporting and anti-impact effects are good;
b. when the roadway is complete and the vibration wave attenuation effect is not obvious, the supporting effect is good, but the energy absorption effect is not good, and the length of the energy absorption material is increased properly;
c. when the roadway is incomplete and the vibration wave attenuation effect is obvious, the supporting effect is not good, but the anti-impact effect is good, and the length of the energy-absorbing material is properly reduced;
d. when the roadway is incomplete and the vibration wave attenuation effect is not obvious, the supporting and impact prevention effects are not good, and the installation density of the grouting anchor rod and the energy absorption material and the length of the energy absorption material are increased properly.
In order to completely block the propagation path of vibration waves, energy-absorbing materials and grouting anchor rods arranged on the coal side and the top plate are alternately arranged in a vertically staggered mode.
The method for judging the impact danger area by using the drilling cutting method in the first step comprises the following steps: drilling a plurality of diameters in two sides of the outward roadway on the coal wall of the working face
The drilling holes are parallel to the inclined direction of the coal bed, the amount of coal powder per meter of each hole is recorded, the impact dangerous area is identified according to the amount of discharged coal powder, the change rule of the coal powder and the related power effect, and when the drilling cuttings amount is increased abnormally, the drilling cuttings granularity is increased, the sound and the micro impact strength are increased, and the impact dangerous degree is proved to be increased.
Specifically, in the second step, in the impact danger zone, a large-diameter drill hole is drilled every 1.5m, the diameter of the large-diameter drill hole is larger than 100mm, and the depth of the large-diameter drill hole is 15 m.
The invention adopts the method of coupling the grouting anchor rod and the energy-absorbing material, not only can effectively relieve the pressure of static load and effectively absorb the shock wave of dynamic load, but also can improve the stability of two sides and a top plate of a roadway, thereby achieving the dual purposes of preventing and treating ground pressure and supporting; the method has good economy and high applicability, can eliminate or weaken the occurrence of rock burst to a great extent, effectively reduces the life and property loss of mine workers, and provides guarantee for the safe production of the coal mine.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the installation position of a grouting anchor rod and an energy absorbing material according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the section layout of the invention along the tunneling direction;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the vertical section of the invention along the roadway direction.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the vertical coal wall drilling holes of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. grouting an anchor rod; 2. grouting holes; 3. gradient sound-absorbing cotton; 4. an insulating panel; 5. a limit valve; 6. and (4) drilling a large-diameter hole.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a supporting method for preventing rock burst by coupling a grouting anchor rod with an energy absorbing material includes the following steps:
firstly, determining an impact danger area by using a drilling cutting method in the working face recovery process; drilling a plurality of diameters in two sides of the outward roadway on the coal wall of the working face
The drilling holes are parallel to the inclined direction of the coal bed, the amount of coal powder per meter of each hole is recorded, the impact dangerous area is identified according to the amount of discharged coal powder, the change rule of the coal powder and the related power effect, and when the drilling cuttings amount is increased abnormally, the drilling cuttings granularity is increased, the sound and the micro impact strength are increased, and the impact dangerous degree is proved to be increased.
Secondly, arranging large-diameter drill holes in the area with the impact risk respectively vertical to the solid coal side and the top plate; specifically, a large-diameter drill 6 is implemented every 1.5m, the diameter of the large-diameter drill is larger than 100mm, and the depth of the large-diameter drill is 15 m.
Thirdly, installing energy-absorbing materials at the large-diameter drill holes arranged in the second step; the energy absorption material is gradient sound absorption cotton consisting of 100% of polyester fibers; the specific installation steps are as follows:
firstly, installing a lower limiting valve at the end part of a grouting anchor rod 1, and sequentially placing a lower isolation plate 4, gradient sound-absorbing cotton 3, an upper isolation plate 4 and an upper limiting valve 5 to complete the installation of the gradient sound-absorbing cotton;
then, installing gradient sound-absorbing cotton 3 on the grouting anchor rod 1 at intervals according to the method until the whole grouting anchor rod is evenly provided with a plurality of gradient sound-absorbing cotton at intervals;
fourthly, the grouting anchor rod 1 provided with the gradient sound absorption cotton 3 is anchored in the rock stratum through the anchor rod drilling machine, and the length of the grouting anchor rod 1 is larger than the depth of the large-diameter drill hole 6 by more than 0.5m so as to ensure the anchoring effect;
and fifthly, grouting holes 2 are formed in the grouting anchor rods between every two gradient sound-absorbing cottons, and grouting reinforcement is performed on the large-diameter drill holes 6 without the energy-absorbing materials 3 through the grouting holes 2.
According to the method, the large-diameter drill holes are arranged to relieve static load, then the energy-absorbing material is arranged in the large-diameter drill holes, and the energy-absorbing material can absorb shock waves generated when rock burst occurs, so that the strength of the rock burst is weakened, and the damage to a roadway is reduced; the dual effects of supporting and pressure reduction are achieved by the alternate arrangement of the grouting anchoring and the gradient sound-absorbing cotton on the grouting anchor rod, the problem that the coal body in an impact danger area is difficult to support due to the arrangement of large-diameter drill holes is solved, and the safety of a roadway is ensured; and the energy-absorbing material is soft in texture and can allow a proper amount of compression deformation, so that the pressure relief effect can be enhanced by properly increasing the density of the large-diameter drill hole, the pressure relief effect can be improved, and the aims of safe support and wave absorption for preventing and treating rock burst can be fulfilled.
Further, in order to effectively monitor the coupling supporting and anti-impact effects of the grouting anchor rod and the energy-absorbing material, after the energy-absorbing material is installed and the grouting anchor rod is anchored, deep hole blasting is performed on a top plate at a position 50m away from the stress concentration area, then roadway integrity and micro-shock monitoring are performed on the stress concentration area and the 5m range on the two sides respectively, and countermeasures are taken in time; the method comprises the following specific steps:
a. when the roadway is complete and the vibration wave attenuation effect is obvious, the supporting and anti-impact effects are good;
b. when the roadway is complete and the vibration wave attenuation effect is not obvious, the supporting effect is good, but the energy absorption effect is not good, and the length of the energy absorption material is increased properly;
c. when the roadway is incomplete and the vibration wave attenuation effect is obvious, the supporting effect is not good, but the anti-impact effect is good, and the length of the energy-absorbing material is properly reduced;
d. when the roadway is incomplete and the vibration wave attenuation effect is not obvious, the supporting and impact prevention effects are not good, and the installation density of the grouting anchor rod and the energy absorption material and the length of the energy absorption material are increased properly.
As shown in fig. 4, in order to completely block the propagation path of the vibration wave, the energy absorbing material and the grouting anchor rods 1 installed on the coal side and the roof are alternately arranged in a vertically staggered manner.
Claims (5)
1. A supporting method for preventing rock burst by coupling a grouting anchor rod and an energy absorbing material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, determining an impact danger area by using a drilling cutting method in the working face recovery process;
secondly, arranging large-diameter drill holes in the area with the impact risk respectively vertical to the solid coal side and the top plate;
thirdly, installing energy-absorbing materials at the large-diameter drill holes arranged in the second step; the energy absorption material is gradient sound absorption cotton consisting of 100% of polyester fibers; the specific installation steps are as follows:
firstly, installing a lower limiting valve at the end part of a grouting anchor rod (1), and sequentially placing a lower isolation plate (4), gradient sound-absorbing cotton (3), an upper isolation plate (4) and an upper limiting valve (5) to finish the installation of the gradient sound-absorbing cotton;
then, installing gradient sound-absorbing cotton (3) on the grouting anchor rod (1) at intervals according to the method until a plurality of gradient sound-absorbing cotton are evenly installed on the whole grouting anchor rod at intervals;
fourthly, the grouting anchor rod (1) provided with the gradient sound absorption cotton (3) is anchored in the rock stratum through the anchor rod drilling machine, and the length of the grouting anchor rod (1) is more than 0.5m greater than the depth of the large-diameter drill hole (6) so as to ensure the anchoring effect;
and fifthly, grouting holes (2) are formed in the grouting anchor rods between every two gradient sound-absorbing cottons, and grouting reinforcement is performed on the large-diameter drill holes (6) without the energy-absorbing materials (3) through the grouting holes (2).
2. The supporting method for preventing rock burst by coupling the grouting anchor rod with the energy absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein in order to effectively monitor the coupling supporting and anti-impact effects of the grouting anchor rod and the energy absorbing material, after the energy absorbing material is installed and the grouting anchor rod is anchored, deep hole blasting is performed on a top plate at a position 50m away from a stress concentration area, then roadway integrity and microseismic monitoring are performed on the stress concentration area and within a range of 5m from front to back, and countermeasures are taken in time; the method comprises the following specific steps:
a. when the roadway is complete and the vibration wave attenuation effect is obvious, the supporting and anti-impact effects are good;
b. when the roadway is complete and the vibration wave attenuation effect is not obvious, the supporting effect is good, but the energy absorption effect is not good, and the length of the energy absorption material is increased properly;
c. when the roadway is incomplete and the vibration wave attenuation effect is obvious, the supporting effect is not good, but the anti-impact effect is good, and the length of the energy-absorbing material is properly reduced;
d. when the roadway is incomplete and the vibration wave attenuation effect is not obvious, the supporting and impact prevention effects are not good, and the installation density of the grouting anchor rod and the energy absorption material and the length of the energy absorption material are increased properly.
3. The support method for preventing rock burst by coupling the grouting anchor rods with the energy absorbing materials according to claim 2, wherein the energy absorbing materials and the grouting anchor rods arranged on the coal side and the top plate are arranged in a vertically staggered and alternating manner.
4. A support method for preventing rock burst by coupling a grouting anchor rod with an energy absorbing material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method for judging the impact danger area by using a drilling cutting method in the first step is as follows: drilling a plurality of diameters in two sides of the outward roadway on the coal wall of the working face
The drilling holes are parallel to the inclined direction of the coal bed, the amount of the coal powder per meter in each hole is recorded,according to the discharged coal dust amount, the change rule and the relevant power effect, an impact danger area is identified, and when the drilling cutting amount is increased abnormally, the drilling cutting granularity is increased, and the sound and the micro impact strength are increased, the impact danger degree is proved to be increased.
5. A support method for preventing rock burst by coupling a grouting bolt with an energy-absorbing material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the second step, a large-diameter drill hole (6) is drilled every 1.5m in the impact danger area, the diameter of the large-diameter drill hole is more than 100mm, and the depth of the large-diameter drill hole is 15 m.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811243849.6A CN109611130B (en) | 2018-10-24 | 2018-10-24 | Supporting method for preventing rock burst by coupling grouting anchor rod and energy-absorbing material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811243849.6A CN109611130B (en) | 2018-10-24 | 2018-10-24 | Supporting method for preventing rock burst by coupling grouting anchor rod and energy-absorbing material |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109611130A CN109611130A (en) | 2019-04-12 |
| CN109611130B true CN109611130B (en) | 2020-06-30 |
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| CN112431596B (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2022-02-15 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Three-stage prevention and control method for rock burst roadway |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE10340394B4 (en) * | 2003-09-02 | 2005-09-29 | Hilti Ag | Device for fastening anchoring means |
| CN103016035B (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-12-03 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Abdicating buffer energy-absorbing shock-proof anchor rod cable for coal mine |
| CN103061781B (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2014-12-03 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Method for preventing rock burst by manually regulating tunnel surrounding rock support energy dissipation damping characteristics |
| CN103541750B (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2016-04-20 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of mining energy-absorption type superlong array anchor pole spaced apart |
| CN108071409A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2018-05-25 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of bump tunnel supporting anchor rod |
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