CN110552729A - Surrounding rock supporting system and method - Google Patents
Surrounding rock supporting system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110552729A CN110552729A CN201910804585.5A CN201910804585A CN110552729A CN 110552729 A CN110552729 A CN 110552729A CN 201910804585 A CN201910804585 A CN 201910804585A CN 110552729 A CN110552729 A CN 110552729A
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- surrounding rock
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- cable
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 147
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/025—Grouting with organic components, e.g. resin
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/008—Anchoring or tensioning means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of surrounding rock supporting, and provides a surrounding rock supporting system and a supporting method. Wherein, the country rock supporting system includes stock cable support subassembly, the stock cable support subassembly includes the protection network, the country rock supporting system still includes the gasbag, the gasbag is fixed between protection network and the country rock. According to the surrounding rock support, the air bag is matched to carry out high-pretightening-force support on the basis of the anchor rod cable support assembly, the air bag is arranged between the protective net and the surrounding rock, and a gaseous medium or a liquid medium is injected into the air bag to expand the air bag so as to drive the anchor rod and/or the anchor cable to carry out pretightening. Through the combined air bag of the anchor rod cable support assembly, the pre-tightening force level of the anchor rod cable support assembly can be effectively improved, the pre-stress diffusion area is enlarged, and the control effect of surrounding rocks of the roadway is improved. In addition, the surrounding rock supporting system is particularly suitable for rock burst roadway supporting: the air bag can flexibly deform, and when the rock burst roadway is impacted, the air bag flexibly deforms under air pressure to absorb impact energy, so that impact damage can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of surrounding rock supporting, in particular to a surrounding rock supporting system and a supporting method.
background
The anchor rod and cable combined support has become the main body form of the coal mine roadway support in China. Theoretical research and application practice prove that the application level of the pre-tightening force of the anchor rod cable and the pre-tightening force diffusion effect are the main factors for determining the supporting effect and are the key factors for determining the combined supporting of the anchor rod cable in the coal mine tunnel. The anchor cable is typically tensioned and pre-tensioned by a jack and the anchor rod is typically pre-tensioned by tightening a tail nut. The locking plate rebounds, the friction resistance influences, and the applying modes of the two pretightening forces are low in efficiency.
Through on-site actual measurement, the common anchor cable pretightening force is 200kN, the anchor rod pretightening force is 50kN, the common anchor rod pretightening force is 20-30% of the yield load of the anchor rod cable body, and the application level is lower. On the other hand, the acting force of the anchor rods and the anchor cables on the surrounding rock is transmitted to the surrounding rock through the tail tray, and the prestress diffusion range is limited in the range of the anchor rod cable tray. Limited by the area of the tray, the prestress diffusion is mainly concentrated in the range near the anchor rod body, and the diffusion area is small.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art or the related art.
one of the objects of the invention is: the utility model provides a surrounding rock supporting construction and supporting method, solves the problem that the anchor rod cable pretightning force level is low and pretightning force diffusion area is little that exists among the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a surrounding rock supporting system which comprises a bolt cable supporting assembly, wherein the bolt cable supporting assembly comprises a protective net, and the surrounding rock supporting system further comprises an air bag which is fixed between the protective net and surrounding rocks.
In one embodiment, the anchor rod and cable support assembly further comprises an anchor rod and/or an anchor cable, a first end of the anchor rod and/or the anchor cable is inserted into the surrounding rock, a second end of the anchor rod and/or the anchor cable is exposed out of the surrounding rock, and the protective net is fixed to the second end of the anchor rod.
In one embodiment, the anchor rod and cable support assembly further comprises a tray and a lock, and the second end of the anchor rod and/or the anchor cable is provided with the protective net, the tray and the lock in sequence along the direction far away from the surrounding rock.
In one embodiment, the anchor cable support assembly further comprises steel straps, one of which is mounted to the same row of anchor rods and/or anchor cables.
In one embodiment, the number of the air bags is multiple, and each air bag is respectively positioned between the adjacent steel belts.
In one embodiment, the air bag is hung at the second end of the anchor rod and/or the anchor cable through a hanging part, and the hanging part, the protective net, the tray and the lock are sequentially arranged at the second end of the anchor rod and/or the anchor cable along the direction far away from the surrounding rock.
In one embodiment, the air bag is provided with a pressure regulating port.
in one embodiment, the pressure regulating port comprises an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air inlet and the air outlet are respectively provided with an air pressure valve.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a surrounding rock supporting method, which comprises the following steps:
Fixing the anchor rods and/or anchor cables in the anchor rod cable support assembly to the surrounding rock;
Securing the air bag to the anchor rod and/or cable;
Mounting a protective net in the anchor rod cable support assembly to the surface of surrounding rock and covering an air bag;
Locking a lockset of the anchor rod cable support component to the anchor rod and/or the anchor cable;
And filling a gaseous medium or a liquid medium into the air bag, so that the acting force of the air bag on the surface of the surrounding rock reaches a set value.
in order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a surrounding rock supporting method, which comprises the following steps:
fixing an air bag to a first side of a protective net in the anchor rod cable support assembly;
The first side of the protective net corresponds to the surface of the surrounding rock, and the protective net is fixed to the surface of the surrounding rock through other parts in the anchor rod cable support assembly;
and filling a gaseous medium or a liquid medium into the air bag, so that the acting force of the air bag on the surface of the surrounding rock reaches a set value.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages: according to the surrounding rock support, high-pretightening-force support is carried out by matching with the air bag on the basis of the anchor rod cable support assembly, the air bag is arranged between the protective net and the surrounding rock, and a gaseous medium or a liquid medium is injected into the air bag to expand the air bag so as to drive the anchor rod and/or the anchor cable to perform pretightening. Through the combined air bag of the anchor rod cable support assembly, the pre-tightening force level of the anchor rod cable support assembly can be effectively improved, the pre-stress diffusion area is enlarged, and the control effect of surrounding rocks of the roadway is improved. In addition, the surrounding rock supporting system is particularly suitable for rock burst roadway supporting: the air bag can flexibly deform, and when the rock burst roadway is impacted, the air bag flexibly deforms under air pressure to absorb impact energy, so that impact damage can be reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Figure 1 is a schematic elevational view of the installation of a wall rock support system in an embodiment of the invention;
figure 2 is a schematic side view of the installation of a wall rock support system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of an air bag in the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4 is a schematic view of the installation of a rockbolt cable support assembly in an embodiment of the invention;
In the figure: 1. a protective net; 2. an air bag; 3. surrounding rocks; 4. anchor rods and/or cables; 5. a tray; 6. a lock; 7. a steel belt; 8. an air inlet; 9. an exhaust port; 10. an anchoring agent.
Detailed Description
the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a surrounding rock support is provided, which includes a bolt-cable support assembly, the bolt-cable support assembly includes a protection net 1, the surrounding rock support further includes an air bag 2, and the air bag 2 is fixed between the protection net 1 and a surrounding rock 3.
According to the surrounding rock support, the air bag 2 is matched to carry out high-pretightening-force support on the basis of the anchor rod cable support component, the air bag 2 is arranged between the protective net 1 and the surrounding rock 3, and a gaseous medium or a liquid medium is injected into the air bag 2 to expand the air bag and drive the anchor rod and/or the anchor cable 4 to carry out pretightening. Through the anchor rod cable support assembly combined air bag 2, the pre-tightening force level of the anchor rod cable support assembly can be effectively improved, the pre-stressing force diffusion area is enlarged, and the control effect of the roadway surrounding rock 3 is improved. In addition, the surrounding rock supporting system is particularly suitable for rock burst roadway supporting: the air bag 2 can flexibly deform, and when the rock burst roadway is impacted, the air bag 2 flexibly deforms under air pressure to absorb impact energy, so that impact hazard can be reduced.
In more detail, the surrounding rock support has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, the pretightening force of a single anchor rod and/or anchor cable 4 can be effectively improved, and the anchor rod and/or anchor cable 4 can fully play a role in supporting in the pretightening stage.
and secondly, the diffusion range of the pretightening force is improved from a point to a full contact section. The air bag 2 is in full-section contact with the surrounding rock 3, uniform surface force is applied to the surrounding rock 3, and the diffusion area of prestress is increased.
and thirdly, the supporting form of the surrounding rock support has strong adaptability. Because gasbag 2 is the flexible support, can be fine laminating tunnel unevenness's surface.
fourthly, the surrounding rock support has stronger impact deformation resistance. The air bag 2 can be flexibly deformed, and when the rock burst roadway is impacted, the air pressure of the air bag 2 is increased to absorb the impact capacity.
Fifthly, the air bag 2 support is a quantitative support means, and the support force of the air bag 2 on the surrounding rock 3 can be obtained in real time through monitoring of the air pressure of the air bag 2 after the relation between the air pressure of the air bag 2 and the acting force of the air bag 2 on the surrounding rock 3 is obtained through research.
sixth, the airbag 2 can be recycled. The air bag 2 near the working surface can be released from the crossheading roadway, so that the anchor rod and/or the anchor cable 4 can be released, the anchor rod cable supporting assembly is dismantled, and the anchor rod cable supporting assembly and the air bag 2 are recycled for reuse.
Seventh, the lane is convenient to repair. If the roadway is greatly deformed under the complicated and difficult condition, the roadway needs to be repaired, the air bag 2 can be decompressed, the anchor rod cable support assembly is disassembled, the anchor rod cable support assembly and the air bag 2 are disassembled, the roadway is repaired, after the roadway is repaired, only overlong exposed anchor rods and/or anchor cables 4 need to be cut off, other parts of the anchor rod cable support assembly including the protective net 1 and the air bag 2 are installed again, and the air bag 2 is filled with gaseous medium or liquid medium again.
In which, according to the general explanation, "the air bag 2" refers to a flexible capsule, and the pressure inside the air bag 2 can be adjusted by filling gaseous medium or liquid medium into the flexible capsule, so as to control the force of the air bag 2 on the surrounding rock 3. It should be noted that the material of the airbag 2 is generally rubber but not limited to rubber, as long as the airbag 2 can be flexibly deformed after the medium (including gaseous medium and liquid medium) is filled into the airbag 2 and the pressure of the airbag 2 on the surrounding rock 3 can be adjusted. The structure of the airbag 2 can be referred to fig. 3. Of course, the structure of the airbag 2 is not limited by fig. 3, for example, the shape of the airbag 2 may be adjusted according to the installation position of the anchor cable support assembly, and may be substantially square, ellipsoidal, spherical, or even irregular.
referring to fig. 1 and 2 again, the anchor rod and cable support assembly includes an anchor rod and/or cable 4 (in the present invention, the anchor rod and/or cable 4 refers to an anchor rod or cable, or an anchor rod and cable, which is equivalent to an anchor rod and cable), a first end of the anchor rod and/or cable 4 is inserted into the surrounding rock 3, a second end of the anchor rod and/or cable is exposed out of the surrounding rock 3, and the protective net 1 is fixed to the second end of the anchor rod. Under this kind of circumstances, gasbag 2 transmits power for protection network 1, and protection network 1 transmits the atress for stock and/or anchor rope 4 second end to reach the pretightning force level that improves stock cable support subassembly, enlarge prestressing force diffusion area's effect.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4 (the airbag 2 is not shown in the figure), the anchor rod and cable support assembly further comprises a tray 5 and a lock 6, and the second end of the anchor rod and/or anchor cable 4 is provided with the protective net 1, the tray 5 and the lock 6 in sequence along the direction away from the surrounding rock 3. The tray 5 is installed between the lock 6 and the protective net 1 on each anchor rod and/or anchor rope 4, and when the lock 6 is locked, the tray 5 compresses the protective net 1, transmits the pre-tightening force of the anchor rods and/or anchor ropes to the roadway surrounding rock 3 through the protective net 1, and diffuses to surrounding rocks around the anchor rods and/or anchor ropes 4, so that the stress state of the surrounding rock 3 is improved, and the separation layer, the structural plane sliding and the joint crack opening of the surrounding rock 3 are inhibited. When the surrounding rock 3 deforms, the tray 5 reversely transmits the deformation acting force of the surrounding rock 3 to the anchor rod and/or the anchor cable 4, so that the working resistance of the anchor rod and/or the anchor cable 4 is increased, and the function of controlling the deformation of the surrounding rock 3 by the anchor rod and/or the anchor cable 4 is fully exerted.
wherein the lock 6 may take the form of a lock nut. When the locking nut is screwed down, the tray 5 compresses the protective net 1, and the pre-tightening force of the anchor rod and/or the anchor cable 4 is transmitted to the roadway surrounding rock 3 through the protective net 1. In addition, the protection net 1 generally employs a metal mesh, such as a steel mesh, to secure the structural strength of the protection net 1. Likewise, the balloon 2 may be selected to be a high pressure balloon 2 that withstands high pressures.
Further, referring again to fig. 4, the anchor-cable support assembly further comprises steel bands 7, one steel band 7 being mounted on the same row of anchor rods and/or anchor cables 4. For example, the steel strip 7 (steel bar joist) is parallel to the section of the roadway, and the whole steel strip is arranged on the same row of anchor rods and/or anchor cables 4 to form a combined supporting system with the row of anchor rods and/or anchor cables 4, so that the stress between different anchor rods and/or anchor cables 4 is balanced, and the overall supporting effect is improved. And the steel belt 7 compresses the protective net 1 paved on the surface of the roadway along each row of anchor rods and/or anchor cables 4, diffuses the acting force range of the anchor rods and/or anchor cables 4 for supporting the surrounding rock 3, simultaneously inhibits the shallow rock stratum cracks from opening, and keeps the structural integrity of the rock stratum surface.
when the anchor rod cable support assembly comprises the steel belts 7, the number of the corresponding air bags 2 is multiple, and different air bags 2 are respectively positioned between the adjacent steel belts 7. And then divide the surrounding rock 3 according to the position that sets up of steel band 7, the improvement of pretightning force and the increase of prestressing force diffusion face machine are realized through respective gasbag 2 in different surrounding rock 3 regions.
Of course, even if the steel belt 7 is arranged, the number of the air bags 2 in the surrounding rock support can be one, and further, the corresponding avoidance structures are arranged on the air bags 2 corresponding to the anchor rod cable support assemblies, so that interference between the anchor rod cable support assemblies and the air bags 2 is prevented. For example, the airbag 2 is notched at a position corresponding to the position where the steel band 7 is provided, and even if the airbag 2 is expanded by injecting a medium into the airbag 2, the airbag 2 does not interfere with the steel band 7. Of course, if the air bag 2 is of a unitary construction without the steel strips 7, then the air bag 2 would need to avoid the anchor and/or anchor lines 4 and other components mounted on the anchor and/or anchor lines 4 (e.g., the trays 5, the latches 6, etc.).
In one embodiment, to facilitate the installation of the airbag 2, the airbag 2 is provided with a hanging portion, and the airbag 2 is hung on the second end of the anchor rod and/or anchor cable 4 through the hanging portion. In this case, before the protection net 1 is installed, after the first ends of the anchor rods and/or anchor cables 4 are inserted into the surrounding rock 3, the airbag 2 may be installed on the surface of the surrounding rock 3 through the hanging portions. The hanging part is not limited in structural form as long as the airbag 2 can be mounted on the anchor rod and/or the anchor cable 4, and for example, the hanging part may be a hook, a hanging ring, a hanging chain, or the like.
When gasbag 2 was provided with the portion of hanging, stock and/or anchor rope 4 second end set gradually along keeping away from country rock 3's direction hang portion, protection network 1, tray 5 and tool to lock 6. Specifically, when the lock 6 is locked, the tray 5 applies pressing force to the protection net 1, and both the protection net 1 and the hanging part are fixed to the surface of the surrounding rock 3. In this case, the airbag 2 can transmit the force directly to the anchor rod and/or anchor cable 4 via the suspension.
it is worth mentioning that even if the hanging part is not provided, the airbag 2 may be pressed against the surface of the surrounding rock 3 by the tray 5 or the steel band 7, and further, the airbag 2 may transmit the force to the anchor rod and/or the anchor cable 4 through the pressing region (corresponding to the tray 5 or the steel band 7) of the airbag 2 in addition to transmitting the force to the anchor rod and/or the anchor cable 4 through the protection net 1.
In one embodiment, the bladder 2 is provided with a pressure regulating port. The internal pressure of the air bag 2 is adjusted through the pressure adjusting port, the air bag 2 is in full-section contact with the surrounding rock 3, force is uniformly applied to the surrounding rock 3, and the diffusion area of prestress is increased. And the arrangement of the air bag 2 can lift the diffusion range of the pre-tightening force of the surrounding rock support to a full contact section from a point.
Wherein, through the setting of pressure regulating mouth, can so that the surrounding rock is strutted and is realized flexible constant voltage and strut, in case 3 deformations make 2 pressurized of gasbag of surrounding rock, just carry out the release when gasbag 2 reachs certain pressure value. And when the surrounding rock support is suitable for a rock burst roadway and the rock burst roadway is impacted, the air pressure of the air bag 2 is increased to absorb the impact capacity, and then the surrounding rock support is unloaded through the pressure regulating port, so that the release process of energy absorption is effectively prolonged, and the impact hazard is reduced.
Further, the pressure adjusting port includes an air inlet 8 and an air outlet 9, and further inflates the inside of the airbag 2 through the air inlet 8 and exhausts the outside of the airbag 2 through the air outlet 9. Wherein, the air inlet 8 and the air outlet 9 can be respectively provided with an air pressure valve, and then the purposes of inflation and pressure relief can be realized through the opening and closing of the air pressure valves. Among them, the pneumatic valve provided at the exhaust port 9 is also a pressure relief valve, and the pneumatic valve provided at the intake port 8 is also an intake valve.
Wherein, an air pump can be adopted to be communicated with the air inlet 8 so as to achieve the purpose of inflating the air bag 2. In addition, a negative pressure pump may be used to communicate with the exhaust port 9 for the purpose of exhausting air from the interior of the airbag 2.
According to one embodiment of the invention, a surrounding rock supporting method is provided, which comprises the following steps:
fixing anchor rods and/or anchor cables 4 in the anchor rod and cable support assembly to the surrounding rock 3;
securing the air-bag 2 to the anchor rod and/or cable 4;
Mounting a protective net 1 in the anchor rod cable support assembly to the surface of surrounding rock 3 and covering an air bag 2;
Locking a lock 6 of the anchor rod cable support component to the anchor rod and/or the anchor cable 4;
and filling a gaseous medium or a liquid medium into the air bag 2, so that the acting force of the air bag 2 on the surface of the surrounding rock 3 reaches a set value.
Wherein, in the step of fixing the airbag 2 to the anchor rod and/or the anchor cable 4, the airbag 2 may be fixed to the anchor rod and/or the anchor cable 4 by providing a hanging portion on the airbag 2.
In this surrounding rock supporting method, after the anchor rods and/or anchor cables 4 are fixed to the surrounding rock 3, the air bags 2 are fixed to the anchor rods and/or anchor cables 4, and then the protection net 1 is installed. That is, the installation of the protection net 1 and the airbag 2 is a relatively independent process. Wherein, because gasbag 2 is fixed to stock and/or anchor rope 4, and then can guarantee among the gasbag 2 pressurized process, the equilibrium that different stock and/or anchor rope 4 received 2 effort of gasbag.
For example, for a generally square shaped balloon 2, the four corners of the balloon may be secured to different anchor rods and/or cables 4, respectively. In this case, the forces exerted on the four anchor rods and/or anchor cables 4 corresponding to at least the four corners of the air bag are substantially balanced with respect to each other by the air bag 2. Of course, one air bag may be provided for any number of anchor rods and/or anchor cables 4, in which case the forces applied to the anchor rods and/or anchor cables 4 corresponding to the same air bag are substantially balanced.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a surrounding rock supporting method including:
fixing an air bag 2 to a first side of a protective net 1 in an anchor rod cable support assembly;
The first side of the protective net 1 corresponds to the surface of the surrounding rock 3, and the protective net 1 is fixed to the surface of the surrounding rock 3 through other parts in the anchor rod cable support assembly;
And filling a gaseous medium or a liquid medium into the air bag 2, so that the acting force of the air bag 2 on the surface of the surrounding rock 3 reaches a set value.
The method comprises the following steps of enabling the first side of the protective net 1 to correspond to the surface of the surrounding rock 3, and fixing the protective net 1 to the surface of the surrounding rock 3 through other parts in a bolt-cable supporting assembly, wherein the other parts in the bolt-cable supporting assembly generally comprise a bolt and/or an anchor cable 4, a tray 5, a lock 6, a steel belt 7 and the like.
In this surrounding rock supporting method, the air bag 2 is fixed to the protective net 1, and then the installation of the air bag 2 is completed while the protective net 1 is installed on the surface of the surrounding rock 3. Therefore, the surrounding rock supporting method is convenient to construct, the installation of the air bag 2 on the protective net 1 can be completed before the air bag leaves a factory or arrives at a construction site, the operation of the construction site can be simplified, and the labor intensity of construction workers is reduced.
In the above surrounding rock supporting method, in the process of fixing the anchor rod and/or the anchor cable 4, the resin anchoring agent 10 may be used to anchor the anchor rod and/or the anchor cable 4 in the surrounding rock 3 (for example, a coal rock body, although the surrounding rock 3 is not limited to a coal rock body in the application document). And when the anchor rod cable support assembly is fixed on the surrounding rock 3 through the lock 6, a certain volume for the expansion of the air bag 2 can be reserved between the protective net 1 and the surface of the surrounding rock 3. Further, the air bag 2 may be inflated by the air pump until the air bag 2 exerts a force on the surrounding rock 3 to reach a set pressure.
According to the surrounding rock supporting and supporting method, the air bag 2 is added on the supporting basis of the anchor rod cable supporting assembly, the air bag 2 is placed in a gap between the surrounding rock 3 and the protective net 1, and the anchor rod cable supporting assembly is driven to be pre-tightened through expansion of the air bag 2. And (3) checking according to the supporting surface force of the air bag 2 to the surrounding rock 3 being 0.1MPa, wherein each square meter can provide 100kN supporting surface force, and the applying level and the diffusion effect of the pre-tightening force of the supporting system can be effectively provided, so that the supporting effect is obviously improved. Because the air bag 2 has strong flexible deformation capacity, the air bag can be attached to the uneven surface of the roadway, and therefore full-section supporting can be achieved. And when the air bag 2 is provided with the pressure regulating port, the surrounding rock support is a large-deformation constant-resistance support, a pressure relief valve can be arranged at the pressure regulating port, and the pressure of the air bag 2 is relieved when reaching a set value. Along with the deformation of the surrounding rock 3, the air bag 2 is extruded, the air pressure rises, and the pressure is relieved when the pressure relief value is reached, so that the fast resistance increasing and constant resistance large deformation support is realized.
Based on the surrounding rock support and the supporting method, the surrounding rock 3 support has various development potentials:
Firstly, for a roadway with relatively simple conditions, the pre-tightening force level of a single anchor rod and/or an anchor cable 4 can be quantitatively improved, the diffusion area of the pre-tightening force is enlarged, the supporting effect of the single anchor rod and/or the anchor cable 4 is improved, the supporting density is reduced, and therefore the roadway forming speed is improved;
Secondly, for the rock burst roadway, the airbag 2 can absorb impact energy, and the damage of an impact event to the roadway support body is reduced. For pure anchor rod cable support, the support body has higher rigidity and lower impact energy absorption, so that impact damage is easy to occur. And the combined support of the anchor rod cable and the air bag 2 has stronger shock resistance. At the impact energy time, the flexible bladder 2 is rapidly deformed and its working medium, air (although other media may be used), is compressed several times. The support of the anchor rod cable and the high-pressure air bag 2 is equivalent to that a large air spring is arranged on the surface of the whole roadway, and the anchor rod cable can be temporarily and rapidly contracted when impact load comes, so that the energy of the impact load is absorbed, the supporting resistance of the anchor rod cable can be correspondingly and rapidly increased, and a balanced state is achieved.
Thirdly, for a deep high-ground-stress large-deformation roadway, effective supporting surface force can be applied to the surrounding rock 3 through the air bag 2, and the control effect of the surrounding rock 3 is improved. The air bag 2 support is a high-pretightening-force constant-resistance large-deformation support and can be realized by arranging a pressure relief valve on the air bag 2. In addition, the lane repairing is facilitated by supporting the air bag 2, specifically, when the lane repairing is required due to the fact that the lane deformation is too large, the air bag 2 can be deflated in sequence, the anchor cable is released, the protective net 1 is detached, after the roof is jacked and the side is expanded, the air bag 2 and the protective net 1 are installed in sequence, the air bag 2 is inflated again, and the anchor cable is exposed too long and cut off.
the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various combinations, modifications or equivalents may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a country rock supporting system, includes anchor rod cable support subassembly, anchor rod cable support subassembly includes the protection network, its characterized in that, country rock supporting system still includes the gasbag, the gasbag is fixed between protection network and the country rock.
2. The surrounding rock support system of claim 1, wherein the anchor rod and cable support assembly further comprises an anchor rod and/or cable, wherein a first end of the anchor rod and/or cable is inserted into the surrounding rock, a second end of the anchor rod and/or cable is exposed out of the surrounding rock, and the protective mesh is fixed to the second end of the anchor rod.
3. the wall rock support system of claim 2, wherein the anchor rod and cable support assembly further comprises a tray and a lock, and the second end of the anchor rod and/or cable is provided with the protective mesh, the tray and the lock in sequence in a direction away from the wall rock.
4. A wall rock support system according to claim 3, wherein the bolt and cable support assembly further includes steel strips, one strip being mounted on the same row of bolts and/or cables.
5. The surrounding rock support system of claim 4, wherein the number of the air cells is plural, and each air cell is located between adjacent steel strips.
6. the surrounding rock supporting system of any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the air bag is hung on the second end of the anchor rod and/or the anchor cable through a hanging portion, and the hanging portion, the protective net, the tray and the lock are sequentially arranged at the second end of the anchor rod and/or the anchor cable along a direction away from the surrounding rock.
7. The surrounding rock support system of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the air bag is provided with a pressure regulating port.
8. The surrounding rock support system of claim 7, wherein the pressure regulating port comprises an air inlet and an air outlet, each of which is provided with a pneumatic valve.
9. a surrounding rock supporting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Fixing the anchor rods and/or anchor cables in the anchor rod cable support assembly to the surrounding rock;
Securing the air bag to the anchor rod and/or cable;
Mounting a protective net in the anchor rod cable support assembly to the surface of surrounding rock and covering an air bag;
Locking a lockset of the anchor rod cable support component to the anchor rod and/or the anchor cable;
And filling a gaseous medium or a liquid medium into the air bag, so that the acting force of the air bag on the surface of the surrounding rock reaches a set value.
10. A surrounding rock supporting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
fixing an air bag to a first side of a protective net in the anchor rod cable support assembly;
The first side of the protective net corresponds to the surface of the surrounding rock, and the protective net is fixed to the surface of the surrounding rock through other parts in the anchor rod cable support assembly;
And filling a gaseous medium or a liquid medium into the air bag, so that the acting force of the air bag on the surface of the surrounding rock reaches a set value.
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| CN201910804585.5A CN110552729A (en) | 2019-08-28 | 2019-08-28 | Surrounding rock supporting system and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910804585.5A CN110552729A (en) | 2019-08-28 | 2019-08-28 | Surrounding rock supporting system and method |
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| CN110552729A true CN110552729A (en) | 2019-12-10 |
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| CN201910804585.5A Pending CN110552729A (en) | 2019-08-28 | 2019-08-28 | Surrounding rock supporting system and method |
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| CN110863851A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-03-06 | 大连理工大学 | Constant-resistance large-deformation bamboo joint type anchor rod with alternate positive and negative Poisson ratios |
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