CN104788193A - Bioreactor technology for improving crops - Google Patents
Bioreactor technology for improving crops Download PDFInfo
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- CN104788193A CN104788193A CN201510174414.0A CN201510174414A CN104788193A CN 104788193 A CN104788193 A CN 104788193A CN 201510174414 A CN201510174414 A CN 201510174414A CN 104788193 A CN104788193 A CN 104788193A
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- animal excrement
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- soil
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a bioreactor technology for improving crops which is realized through the following steps: weighing all the components in parts by weight, namely, 20-50 parts of base stock, 10-20 parts of animal waste with the water content of 20-40 wt%, and 0.5-0.8 part of a microorganism leavening agent; fully mixing the materials, obtaining pre-fermented material after hot fermentation; under a planting ridge before crop planting or after planting, turning surface soil layer on the outer side of the crop to form a concave structure; paving 10-20 parts of base stock subjected to high temperature sterilization on the concave structure; scattering 0.05-0.12 part of microbial agent at the upper part of the base stock; scattering 5-10 parts of animal waste subjected to high temperature sterilization on the upper layer of the microbial agent; scattering 0.05-0.12 part of microorganism vaccines on the animal waste; scattering the pre-fermented material on the microorganism vaccines; finally covering the pre-fermented material with the turned over surface soil; watering the surface soil, punching on the surface soil after 3-4 days after the watering, wherein the depths of holes are appropriate when the holes penetrate through the base stock. According to the invention, sufficient nutrients are guaranteed, crop pest is effectively prevented, the crop yield and quality are greatly improved; the operation technology is simple, the labor intensity is low and the investment is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to bioreactor technical field, particularly one improves crop bioreactor technique.
Background technology
Straw bioreactor technical system, the agricultural produce of a novel concept, the organic farming theory and technology increasing matter, synergy, be essentially different with Traditional agriculture technology, it can fundamentally alleviate agriculture production and rely on chemical fertilizer, and solves the problem of complex utilization of crop material.This technology is with stalk replacing fertilizer; agricultural chemicals is substituted with crop vaccine; promote that resources circulation increment utilizes and multiple production factors effectively transform; make ecological improvement, environment protection combines with higher yield of crops, high-quality, No-harmful apple orchard, for growth of agricultural efficiency, increasing peasant income, food safety and agricultural sustainable development open new approach.Along with the universal of mechanization of agriculture in recent years and the popularity of straw-returning, tradition straw bioreactor raw material not easily obtains and effort of taking a lot of work, more and more Production requirement cannot be met, how to prepare that a kind of technique is simple, cost less investment, nutrient be sufficient, the bioreactor technique of effective prevention and elimination of disease and pests can become the current technical issues that need to address.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of improvement crop bioreactor technique, nutrient is sufficient, effective prevention and elimination of disease and pests, and technique is simple, cost less investment.
The one that the present invention proposes improves crop bioreactor technique, comprises the steps:
S1, take 20-50 part base-material by weight, 10-20 part water content is 20-40wt% animal excrement, the mixed fermentation of 0.5-0.8 part microbial starter culture, leavening temperature is 75-80 DEG C, and fermentation time is obtain pre fermentation material in 2-5 days;
S2, the topsoil of crop periphery dug formation and to cave in structure, constructional depth of caving in is 20-25cm, and 10-20 part is layed in through the base-material of high-temperature sterilization structure of caving in, and base-material sterilising temp is 75-85 DEG C, and the base-material thickness of laying is 10-15cm;
S3, be sprinkled into 0.05-0.12 part microbiobacterial agent on base-material top, the animal excrement of 5-10 part through high-temperature sterilization are spread fertilizer over the fields on microbiobacterial agent upper strata, animal excrement sterilising temp is 70-75 DEG C, microorganism vaccine and above-mentioned pre fermentation material is spread fertilizer over the fields above animal excrement, the veneer of soil dug is covered above pre fermentation material, water until lowermost layer base-material is completely drenched to veneer of soil;
S4, water 3-4 days after, veneer of soil is beaten 2-5 perform hole, line-spacing 10-15cm, pitch-row 30-40cm, hole depth is as the criterion to penetrate base-material;
One or more compositions that wherein said base-material is agricultural crop straw, the organic waste produced in the organic waste and Xylitol production process produced in sugared waste residue, Edible Fungi process is squeezed in wine brewing.
Preferably, described agricultural crop straw is climing one or more of wheat stalk, rice straw, maize straw, potato class stalk, oil plant stalk, cotton stalk, sugarcane stalk, vegetables straw.
Preferably, described microbial starter culture be yeast, the flat lead fungi of yellow spore, trichoderma aureoviride, subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, lactobacillus plantarum, black gallstone, rhamnose lactic acid bacteria, bacillus cereus, enterococcus faecalis one or more.
Preferably, described microbial starter culture living bacteria count is 800-1000/g.
Preferably, in S1, take 30-45 part base-material by weight, 12-15 part water content is 30-32wt% animal excrement, the mixed fermentation of 0.6-0.7 part microbial starter culture, leavening temperature is 77-80 DEG C, and fermentation time is obtain pre fermentation material in 3-4 days.
Preferably, in S2, the topsoil of crop periphery is dug formation and to cave in structure, constructional depth of caving in is 22-24cm, and 15-18 part is layed in through the base-material of high-temperature sterilization structure of caving in, and base-material sterilising temp is 77-80 DEG C, and the base-material thickness of laying is 13-15cm.
Preferably, in S3,0.06-0.09 part microbiobacterial agent is sprinkled on base-material top, the animal excrement of 6-8 part through high-temperature sterilization are spread fertilizer over the fields on microbiobacterial agent upper strata, animal excrement sterilising temp is 72-75 DEG C, above animal excrement, spread fertilizer over the fields microorganism vaccine and above-mentioned pre fermentation material, the veneer of soil dug is covered above pre fermentation material, water until lowermost layer base-material is completely drenched to veneer of soil;
Preferably, in S4, after watering 3-4 days, veneer of soil is beaten 2-3 perform hole, line-spacing 25-30cm, pitch-row 32-35cm, hole depth is as the criterion to penetrate base-material.
In the present invention, the present invention adopts base-material, animal excrement are as matrix, base-material contains a large amount of nitrogen as fossil data, phosphorus, potassium, crude protein, robust fibre, Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, xylogen, and animal excrement are as a kind of high-quality fertilizer, nitrogen content can reach 2%, phosphorus amount can reach 1.5%, potassium amount can reach 3%, contain a large amount of not by nutritive substances such as the protein of animal digestion simultaneously, be various agricultural crop straw by using traditional corn stalk instead, sugared waste residue is squeezed in wine brewing, the organic wastes such as the waste material produced in edible mushrooms and Xylitol production process, breach raw material restriction, improve the biological inoculum in straw bioreactor and vaccine bacterial classification fungus strain, improve the result of use of bioreactor, improve original using method, changing original many methods is that simple shop fixtures uses and imposes, microbiobacterial agent changes optionally gradation into add by once using, wherein by adopting microbial starter culture thermophilic fermentation to prepare pre fermentation material base-material and animal excrement, effectively can kill the various pathogenic bacteria in raw material and worm source, the appropriate base-material that later stage adds and animal excrement are through high-temperature sterilization, also the various pathogenic bacteria in raw material and worm source can effectively be killed, the security as crop fertilizer can be guaranteed, wherein first high temperature is prepared and fermentation material, later stage adds appropriate base-material and animal excrement again, application with crop after, base-material and the animal excrement of inner decomposition completely can supply crop desired nutritional material by Quick, instant effect, the base-material of incomplete decomposition and animal excrement can be crop and continue to provide nutrient needed for mid-term, and when to the later stage, fertilizer requirement is large, inner microorganism amount reproduction, at a high speed, the nutritive substance of a large amount of decomposition can provide the demand in crop later stage, in above-mentioned technique, microbial starter culture is first by the nitrogen in animal excrement and base-material, phosphorus, potassium and protein etc. change into crop desired nutritional composition, further by the Mierocrystalline cellulose that fermentation is produced, hemicellulose, the breeding of the composition last decompositions such as xylogen and self spore, change into the feed carbon dioxide of crop photosynthesis, produce the heat required for plant growth simultaneously, organic substance and nutritive element, and produce a large amount of beneficial microorganism and secretory product thereof constantly during the fermentation, soil remediation can not only be promoted, improve the growing environment of crop, promote crop growth, and be highly resistant to, suppress pathogenic bacterium, thus reach the object of prevention and elimination of disease and pests, crop quality is good, cost less investment, and effectively can improve output, promotion increases income.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of improvement crop bioreactor technique, comprises the steps:
S1, take 20 parts of base-materials by weight, 20 parts of water content are 20wt% animal excrement, 0.8 part of microbial starter culture mixed fermentation, leavening temperature is 75 DEG C, and fermentation time is obtain pre fermentation material in 5 days;
S2, the topsoil of crop periphery dug formation and to cave in structure, constructional depth of caving in is 20cm, and 20 parts of base-materials through high-temperature sterilization are layed in structure of caving in, and base-material sterilising temp is 78 DEG C, and the base-material thickness of laying is 15cm;
S3, be sprinkled into 0.12 part of microbiobacterial agent on base-material top, 5 parts of animal excrement through high-temperature sterilization are spread fertilizer over the fields on microbiobacterial agent upper strata, animal excrement sterilising temp is 75 DEG C, microorganism vaccine and above-mentioned pre fermentation material is spread fertilizer over the fields above animal excrement, the veneer of soil dug is covered above pre fermentation material, water until lowermost layer base-material is completely drenched to veneer of soil;
S4, water 3 days after, veneer of soil is made a call to 5 perform hole, line-spacing 10cm, pitch-row 40cm, hole depth is as the criterion to penetrate base-material;
Described microbial starter culture is yeast, the flat lead fungi of yellow spore, trichoderma aureoviride composition, and described microbial starter culture living bacteria count is 900/g.
Described base-material is made up of agricultural crop straw, brew wine waste residue, and agricultural crop straw is wheat stalk, rice straw, maize straw composition.
Embodiment 2
A kind of improvement crop bioreactor technique, comprises the steps:
S1, take 50 parts of base-materials by weight, 10 parts of water content are 40wt% animal excrement, 0.5 part of microbial starter culture mixed fermentation, leavening temperature is 80 DEG C, and fermentation time is obtain pre fermentation material in 2 days;
S2, the topsoil of crop periphery dug formation and to cave in structure, constructional depth of caving in is 25cm, and 10 parts of base-materials through high-temperature sterilization are layed in structure of caving in, and base-material sterilising temp is 80 DEG C, and the base-material thickness of laying is 15cm;
S3, be sprinkled into 0.05 part of microbiobacterial agent on base-material top, 10 parts of animal excrement through high-temperature sterilization are spread fertilizer over the fields on microbiobacterial agent upper strata, animal excrement sterilising temp is 75 DEG C, microorganism vaccine and above-mentioned pre fermentation material is spread fertilizer over the fields above animal excrement, the veneer of soil dug is covered above pre fermentation material, water until lowermost layer base-material is completely drenched to veneer of soil;
S4, water 4 days after, veneer of soil is made a call to 2 perform hole, line-spacing 15cm, pitch-row 30cm, hole depth is as the criterion to penetrate base-material;
Described microbial starter culture is made up of subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, lactobacillus plantarum, and described microbial starter culture living bacteria count is 1000/g.
Described base-material is made up of the organic waste produced in the organic waste produced in Edible Fungi process and Xylitol production process.
Embodiment 3
A kind of improvement crop bioreactor technique, comprises the steps:
S1, take 30 parts of base-materials by weight, 15 parts of water content are 30wt% animal excrement, 0.7 part of microbial starter culture mixed fermentation, leavening temperature is 78 DEG C, and fermentation time is obtain pre fermentation material in 4 days;
S2, the topsoil of crop periphery dug formation and to cave in structure, constructional depth of caving in is 22cm, and 18 parts of base-materials through high-temperature sterilization are layed in structure of caving in, and base-material sterilising temp is 78 DEG C, and the base-material thickness of laying is 17cm;
S3, be sprinkled into 0.09 part of microbiobacterial agent on base-material top, 6 parts of animal excrement through high-temperature sterilization are spread fertilizer over the fields on microbiobacterial agent upper strata, animal excrement sterilising temp is 73 DEG C, microorganism vaccine and above-mentioned pre fermentation material is spread fertilizer over the fields above animal excrement, the veneer of soil dug is covered above pre fermentation material, water until lowermost layer base-material is completely drenched to veneer of soil;
S4, water 3 days after, veneer of soil is made a call to 4 perform hole, line-spacing 12cm, pitch-row 35cm, hole depth is as the criterion to penetrate base-material;
Wherein said base-material is made up of the organic waste produced in brew wine waste residue, Xylitol production process.
Embodiment 4
A kind of improvement crop bioreactor technique, comprises the steps:
S1, take 45 parts of base-materials by weight, 12 parts of water content are 32wt% animal excrement, 0.6 part of microbial starter culture mixed fermentation, leavening temperature is 79 DEG C, and fermentation time is obtain pre fermentation material in 3 days;
S2, the topsoil of crop periphery dug formation and to cave in structure, constructional depth of caving in is 24cm, and 15 parts of base-materials through high-temperature sterilization are layed in structure of caving in, and base-material sterilising temp is 79 DEG C, and the base-material thickness of laying is 16cm;
S3, be sprinkled into 0.06 part of microbiobacterial agent on base-material top, 8 parts of animal excrement through high-temperature sterilization are spread fertilizer over the fields on microbiobacterial agent upper strata, animal excrement sterilising temp is 74 DEG C, microorganism vaccine and above-mentioned pre fermentation material is spread fertilizer over the fields above animal excrement, the veneer of soil dug is covered above pre fermentation material, water until lowermost layer base-material is completely drenched to veneer of soil;
S4, water 4 days after, veneer of soil is made a call to 3 perform hole, line-spacing 14cm, pitch-row 32cm, hole depth is as the criterion to penetrate base-material;
Described base-material is brew wine waste residue.
Embodiment 5
A kind of improvement crop bioreactor technique, comprises the steps:
S1, take 41 parts of base-materials by weight, 14 parts of water content are 31wt% animal excrement, 0.65 part of microbial starter culture mixed fermentation, leavening temperature is 79 DEG C, and fermentation time is obtain pre fermentation material in 3 days;
S2, the topsoil of crop periphery dug formation and to cave in structure, constructional depth of caving in is 23cm, and 16 parts of base-materials through high-temperature sterilization are layed in structure of caving in, and base-material sterilising temp is 79 DEG C, and the base-material thickness of laying is 16cm;
S3, be sprinkled into 0.07 part of microbiobacterial agent on base-material top, 7 parts of animal excrement through high-temperature sterilization are spread fertilizer over the fields on microbiobacterial agent upper strata, animal excrement sterilising temp is 74 DEG C, microorganism vaccine and above-mentioned pre fermentation material is spread fertilizer over the fields above animal excrement, the veneer of soil dug is covered above pre fermentation material, water until lowermost layer base-material is completely drenched to veneer of soil;
S4, water 4 days after, veneer of soil is made a call to 3 perform hole, line-spacing 13cm, pitch-row 33cm, hole depth is as the criterion to penetrate base-material;
Described microbial starter culture is black gallstone, rhamnose lactic acid bacteria, bacillus cereus, enterococcus faecalis composition, and described microbial starter culture living bacteria count is 800/g.
Described base-material is made up of the organic waste produced in the organic waste produced in agricultural crop straw, brew wine waste residue, Edible Fungi process and Xylitol production process, and after agricultural crop straw squeezes sugar by wheat stalk, rice straw, maize straw, potato class stalk, oil plant stalk, cotton stalk, sugarcane, waste residue forms.
The above; be only the present invention's preferably embodiment; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; be equal to according to technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept thereof and replace or change, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. improve a crop bioreactor technique, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
S1, take 20-50 part base-material by weight, 10-20 part water content is 20-40wt% animal excrement, the mixed fermentation of 0.5-0.8 part microbial starter culture, leavening temperature is 75-80 DEG C, and fermentation time is obtain pre fermentation material in 2-5 days;
S2, the topsoil of crop periphery dug formation and to cave in structure, constructional depth of caving in is 20-25cm, and 10-20 part is layed in through the base-material of high-temperature sterilization structure of caving in, and base-material sterilising temp is 75-80 DEG C, and the base-material thickness of laying is 10-15cm;
S3, be sprinkled into 0.05-0.12 part microbiobacterial agent on base-material top, the animal excrement of 5-10 part through high-temperature sterilization are spread fertilizer over the fields on microbiobacterial agent upper strata, animal excrement sterilising temp is 70-75 DEG C, microorganism vaccine and above-mentioned pre fermentation material is spread fertilizer over the fields above animal excrement, the veneer of soil dug is covered above pre fermentation material, water until lowermost layer base-material is completely drenched to veneer of soil;
S4, water 3-4 days after, veneer of soil is beaten 2-5 perform hole, line-spacing 10-15cm, pitch-row 30-40cm, hole depth is as the criterion to penetrate base-material;
One or more compositions that wherein said base-material is agricultural crop straw, the organic waste produced in the organic waste and Xylitol production process produced in sugared waste residue, Edible Fungi process is squeezed in wine brewing.
2. improvement crop bioreactor technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described agricultural crop straw be wheat stalk, rice straw, maize straw, potato class stalk, oil plant stalk, cotton stalk, sugarcane stalk one or more.
3. improvement crop bioreactor technique according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described microbial starter culture be yeast, the flat lead fungi of yellow spore, trichoderma aureoviride, subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, lactobacillus plantarum, black gallstone, rhamnose lactic acid bacteria, bacillus cereus, enterococcus faecalis one or more.
4. improvement crop bioreactor technique according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described microbial starter culture living bacteria count is 800-1000/g.
5. improvement crop bioreactor technique according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in S1, take 30-45 part base-material by weight, 12-15 part water content be 30-32wt% animal excrement, the mixed fermentation of 0.6-0.7 part microbial starter culture, leavening temperature is 75-80 DEG C, and fermentation time is obtain pre fermentation material in 3-4 days.
6. improvement crop bioreactor technique according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in S2, the topsoil of crop periphery is dug formation to cave in structure, constructional depth of caving in is 22-24cm, 15-18 part is layed in through the base-material of high-temperature sterilization structure of caving in, and base-material sterilising temp is 75-80 DEG C, and the base-material thickness of laying is 10-15cm.
7. improvement crop bioreactor technique according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in S3,0.06-0.09 part microbiobacterial agent is sprinkled on base-material top, spread fertilizer over the fields the animal excrement of 6-8 part through high-temperature sterilization on microbiobacterial agent upper strata, animal excrement sterilising temp is 75-80 DEG C, spreads fertilizer over the fields microorganism vaccine and above-mentioned pre fermentation material above animal excrement, the veneer of soil dug is covered above pre fermentation material, water until lowermost layer base-material is completely dark and damp to veneer of soil.
8. improvement crop bioreactor technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in S4, after watering 3-4 days, veneer of soil is beaten 3-4 perform hole, line-spacing 12-14cm, pitch-row 32-35cm, hole depth is as the criterion to penetrate base-material.
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| CN201510174414.0A CN104788193A (en) | 2015-04-14 | 2015-04-14 | Bioreactor technology for improving crops |
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Cited By (4)
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| CN107960169A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-04-27 | 苏州农业职业技术学院 | A kind of preparation method and application of built-in straw bioreactor |
| CN109096786A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2018-12-28 | 中国热带农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | A kind of degradable composite mulching film and preparation method thereof |
| CN112939637A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-06-11 | 王纪文 | Preparation method of probiotics fermented carbon-energy organic fertilizer based on cotton waste residue mixing |
| CN116640707A (en) * | 2023-07-27 | 2023-08-25 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Method for strengthening agricultural waste composting by combining acid pretreatment and microorganism |
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| CN116640707A (en) * | 2023-07-27 | 2023-08-25 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Method for strengthening agricultural waste composting by combining acid pretreatment and microorganism |
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