CN104770171A - Three-dimensional culture method for interplanting cotton in cowpea in Dongting Lake area - Google Patents
Three-dimensional culture method for interplanting cotton in cowpea in Dongting Lake area Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104770171A CN104770171A CN201510160336.9A CN201510160336A CN104770171A CN 104770171 A CN104770171 A CN 104770171A CN 201510160336 A CN201510160336 A CN 201510160336A CN 104770171 A CN104770171 A CN 104770171A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cotton
- cowpea
- cultivation method
- grows
- row
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop culture, and discloses a three-dimensional culture method for interplanting cotton in cowpea in a Dongting Lake area. According to the method, seeding and seedling culture of the cowpea are carried out in early March in each year, ridge forming, furrowing, earth film covering and wide line transplanting are carried out in late March, the furrow surface width is 180cm, two lines of cowpea are planted in a frame erecting way, the line width is 140 cm, and the pit distance is 40cm; the nutrition pot seeding and seedling culture of cotton are carried out at late April to early May, transplanting is carried out in late May to early June, two lines of cotton are planted in the wide lines of the cowpea, manual hole forming and staggered pit transplanting are carried out, and the plant distance is 40cm. The differences of the frame erected cowpea and the cotton in the time niches and the space niches of light, heat, water and fertilizers are used, the cotton is interplanted in the cowpea, the light and heat resources are efficiently used, the time and space complementation utilization of the cowpea and the cotton on the resources is realized, a season of cowpea is additionally planted in the Dongting Lake cotton area, high yield and high quality of the cotton are promoted, the resource utilization efficiency and the land productivity are improved, the crop economic yield of the whole year crops is increased, the interannual crop rotation in the zone is realized, and the insect pest of the cotton and the cowpea is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of crop cultivation, be specifically related to the stereo cultivation method that a kind of Lake Dongting area cowpea cover grows cotton.
Background technology
Interplanting to refer between the plant in front plant growth later stage in season sowing or after transplanting season crop planting patterns, also cry interplanting.Contrast nonoculture it periodically can not only make full use of space, the more important thing is the utilization of the season of growth that can extend rear season crop, raise the multiple-cropping index, raising anniversary overall crop yield is a kind of planting patterns of intensive utilization Time and place.
Cowpea is annual voluble herb plant, and it is one of main high protein leguminous vegetables of China, and stem is overgrow long vigorous, needs setting support during cultivation.Between the long 20-90cm of beanpod, pod wall fiber is few, and comparatively expand in seed position and matter is tender, is a kind of vegetables of high-quality.When the root system of legume grows in soil, root nodule can be produced with rhizobium in soil, be played the object of fixed nitrogen culture fertility by root nodule.Cowpea is transplanted in early March seeding and seedling raising, late March, and early June starts to pluck, and the picking period is about 1 month, and mid-June, results completely pulled out stalk.By seasonal effect after cowpea results, be unfavorable for other crop species of collocation plantation, the utilization of resources wretched insufficiencies such as soil, temperature, light, can not realize the maximization of benefit, have impact on the income of peasant's whole year.In China, in the plant development process of cowpea, be mostly utilize tract to plant single cowpea variety.Carry out anniversary and other crops to carry out the cropping pattern that crops for rotation are connected and study less, land utilization rate is low, economic benefits are poor.Therefore, how making full use of the sunlight-heat reaources of cowpea Later growth, other economic crops of collocation plantation, improve the problems such as unit are soil anniversary economic benefit, is the key issue that current our province Dongting Lake Area is badly in need of solving.
Cotton is one of China Important Economic crop, in national economic development process, have very important effect.Cotton in China annual requirement is at 1,000 ten thousand more than t, and cotton 7,060,000 t is produced in China's annual in 2006 ~ 2010 years, and the degree of self-sufficiency only has about 70%, needs import 30% to meet domestic demand.China is the country that whole world import cotton is maximum, and Cotton Industry security situation is severe.Therefore, Cotton in China supply must be produced based on domestic cotton, increases substantially the urgent task that Cotton in China production capacity is current Cotton Production.Hunan is located in Yangtze middle reaches, superior natural conditions, based on double-cropping system or three ripe, is one of Cotton in China main producing region.In recent years, Hunan sown areas of cotton, gross yield occupy the leading place in the whole country respectively, and Cotton Production is the 5th in the status in the whole nation; The whole province's sown areas of cotton are stabilized in 22.74 ten thousand mu, and gined cotton always produces and reaches 20.41 ten thousand t, yield per unit of lint average out to 110.5kg/ mu.
Therefore, for making full use of the season of growth, carrying out cowpea cover in Dongting Lake Area and growing cotton, select high yield, disease-resistant, high-quality hybrid cotton variety, transplant in cowpea late growth stage at the beginning of 6 months by the end of May, about 20 days symbiosis phase, strengthen management in time after cowpea results, do not affect growing of cotton seedling.The interplanting of cowpea and cotton, on 1 year same soil, two kinds of crops can carry out best crops for rotation linking, and can gather in the crops two kinds of crops, economic benefit is greatly improved.Cowpea and the cotton interplanting approach that a kind of proportion of crop planting is new beyond doubt.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the stereo cultivation method that a kind of cowpea cover grows cotton.The method of the invention can efficiency utilization soil, sunlight-heat reaources, and be unfavorable for carrying out with other crops the problem that crops for rotation are connected after solving the cowpea plantation of our province Dongting Lake Area, Absorbable organic halogens our province cowpea and sown areas of cotton, improve output of cotton.
For realizing object of the present invention, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The stereo cultivation method that Lake Dongting area cowpea cover grows cotton, cowpea and hybrid cotton are interplanted; Cowpea is in annual early March seeding and seedling raising, and late March ridging is opened the wide row of railway carriage or compartment plastic mulching and transplanted, railway carriage or compartment face width 160-200cm, built plants 2 row cowpeas, wide row 130-150cm, and cave is apart from 35-45cm, every bunch planting 3-4 grain seed, seedling (being exactly that two young plants are stayed in every cave) is stayed in two strain; Cotton is nutritive cube seeding and seedling raising at the beginning of by the end of April to 5 month, transplant in cowpea late growth stage at the beginning of 6 months by the end of May, the capable cotton of 2-3 is planted in the wide row of cowpea, cotton line space 50-70cm, cotton spacing in the rows is 35-45cm, cowpea and cotton line space 30-50cm, and both transplant in wrong cave, in early June and the middle ten days, when the front 2 thoughtful harvestings of cowpea results complete, transplant cotton.(it is exactly when transplanting that wrong cave is transplanted, and cowpea and cotton be not at same row, and two kinds of crop lateral alternates transplanting positions, see Fig. 1)
Said method is preferred: railway carriage or compartment face width 180cm, and built plants 2 row cowpeas, wide row 140cm, cave distance 40cm, every bunch planting 3-4 grain seed, and seedling is stayed in two strain; Cotton is nutritive cube seeding and seedling raising at the beginning of by the end of April to 5 month, and transplant in cowpea late growth stage at the beginning of 6 months by the end of May, plant 2 row cottons in the wide row of cowpea, cotton spacing in the rows is 40cm.
The planting density of described cotton is every mu of 1100 ~ 1200 strains.
In said method, ridging opens the ridge height 30cm of railway carriage or compartment plantation cowpea.
Preferably within first 1 week, carry out transplanting cotton with when having plucked in cowpea results in said method, preferred results at cowpea carries out transplanting cotton in first 1 week further.
The selection of cotton variety has important effect to what effectively utilize the sunlight-heat reaources of cowpea Later growth.Therefore in order to ensure that cotton in seedling stage normal growth is grown, cotton variety of the present invention is high yield, disease-resistant, high-quality hybrid is cotton, as: assorted cotton No. 21 of Hunan, assorted cotton No. 22 of Hunan, No. 6, Datang or Hunan assorted 008, assorted cotton No. 21 of preferred Hunan.
The selection of cowpea variety has important effect for the linking of second stubble crop cotton crops for rotation.Therefore, in order to ensure that cotton in seedling stage normal growth grows seedling, the cowpea variety that cultivation method of the present invention is selected is precocious, high yielding variety.The preferred cowpea king of described cowpea variety, cowpea 29 or the all-round king of cowpea.
The selection in cotton replanting period with overlap output and the cowpea Later growth grown cotton sunlight-heat reaources utilize closely related.Best configuration for: cotton replanting of the present invention period for cowpea late growth stage at the beginning of 6 months is by the end of May transplanted, about 20 days symbiosis phase.
Cultivation method of the present invention, cowpea growth belt and cotton planting band adopt between year border and are with interior crop rotation mutually, and Second Year cowpea growth belt and cotton planting band exchange, and realize crop rotation (see Fig. 2) in band between year border, alleviate continuous cropping harm.
The present invention utilizes cowpea and the cotton spatial niche of two kinds of crops on light, heat, water, fertilizer and the difference in Time Niche, grown cotton by cowpea cover, efficiency utilization sunlight-heat reaources, realize cowpea and the space-time complementation utilization of cotton in resource, both high yield high grade asparagus bean was promoted, increase again kind one season cotton, improve the level of resources utilization and land productivity, stablize sown areas of cotton, improve output of cotton, can also cotton pest be reduced, increase peasant's annual income, realize the sustainable use of resource and the sustainable development of agricultural.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that cowpea cover grows cotton stereo cultivation method schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 exchanges between cowpea growth belt and cotton planting band different year, realizes the interior crop rotation schematic diagram of band between year border.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the invention discloses the stereo cultivation method that cowpea cover grows cotton.Those skilled in the art can use for reference present disclosure, and suitably amendment technological parameter realizes.Special needs to be pointed out is that all similar replacements and change apparent to those skilled in the art are all deemed to be included within the present invention.Method of the present invention is described by preferred embodiment, related personnel obviously can not depart from content of the present invention, spirit and scope method as herein described is changed or suitably amendment with assembling, realize and apply the technology of the present invention.
In order to understand the present invention further, below in conjunction with embodiment, method provided by the invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1: interplanting cotton variety Selection experiment
In selecting Dongting Lake Area to produce, the cotton variety of application is interplanted with some representational landrace and cowpea, carries out screening varieties test.Cowpea is begun sowing in good time nursery, and late March is transplanted; Cotton is gathered in the crops first 1 week at cowpea early and middle ten days in June, and the time is transplant May 30 to June 10; Cowpea adopts ridging to open the wide row of railway carriage or compartment plastic mulching and transplants, railway carriage or compartment face width 180cm, and built plants 2 row cowpeas, wide row 140cm, cave distance 40cm, every bunch planting 3-4 grain seed, and seedling is stayed in two strain, and sowing of can staggering, guarantees field ventilation and penetrating light; When transplanting cotton, plant 2 row cottons in the wide row of cowpea, cotton line space 60cm, cotton spacing in the rows is 40cm, cowpea and cotton line space 40cm, the Transplanting Density of cotton according to each ecotope light and heat condition and the suitable thin planting of soil fertility, every mu of 1100 ~ 1200 strains; Adopt Manual punching, wrong cave is transplanted, and 1 strain is transplanted in every cave.The same Production of Large Fields of cultivation management measure.The indexs such as the heavy and per mu yield of statistics cotton strain number after cotton maturation results, the total bell number of individual plant, bell, statistics is in table 1.
The different cotton variety Selection experiment of table 1
As seen from the results in Table 1, the cotton variety output performances such as assorted cotton No. 21 of Hunan, assorted cotton No. 22 of Hunan, No. 6, Datang, Hunan assorted 008 are more stable, and per mu yield is greater than 280kg, is all conducive to the acquisition of high yield.
Embodiment 2: interplanting cotton replanting phase Selection experiment
4 that select embodiment 1 to screen are suitable for the cotton variety of interplanting in Dongting Lake Area and cowpea: assorted cotton No. 21 of Hunan, assorted cotton No. 22 of Hunan, No. 6, Datang and Hunan assorted 008, carry out interplanting cotton replanting phase Selection experiment, respectively at cowpea results front 2 weeks (May 30), gather in the crops first 1 week (June 8), plucked (June 15), gather after 1 week (June 22), gather after 2 weeks (June 29) 5 periods transplant.Cowpea adopts ridging to open the wide row of railway carriage or compartment plastic mulching and transplants, railway carriage or compartment face width 180cm built plants 2 row cowpeas, wide row 140cm, cave distance 40cm, every bunch planting 3-4 grain seed, seedling is stayed in two strain, plant 2 row cottons in the wide row of cowpea, cotton line space 60cm, cotton spacing in the rows is 40cm, cowpea and cotton line space 40cm, the Transplanting Density of cotton is every mu of 1100 ~ 1200 strains; Adopt Manual punching, wrong cave is transplanted, and 1 strain is transplanted in every cave.The same Production of Large Fields of cultivation management measure.The indexs such as the heavy and per mu yield of statistics cotton strain number after cotton maturation results, the total bell number of individual plant, bell, statistics is in table 2.
Table 2 is suitable for the test of cotton variety different sowing dates
From table 2 result, it is more suitable that assorted cotton No. 21 of Hunan, assorted cotton No. 22 of Hunan, assorted 008 four strains of No. 6, Datang and Hunan are all transplanted with first 1 week of cowpea results and carrying out when having plucked, and all can obtain higher seed cotton yield.Four strains calculates average yield, carries out transplanting the seed cotton yield of cotton apparently higher than other three periods when result is presented at first 1 week of cowpea results and has plucked.
Embodiment 3: cowpea cover cotton planting density and line-spacing are tested the impact of output of cotton
Cotton variety Hunan of the suitable cowpea interplanting of screening with embodiment 1 assorted cotton No. 21 for material, adopt two factor split plot designs, test in Xinhe River township, Huarong County, Dongting Lake cotton region, Hunan Province and Wu Shenggong town, Nan County, cowpea is begun sowing in good time nursery, and late March is transplanted; Cotton was first 1 week of cowpea results and transplant when having plucked; Cowpea adopts ridging to open the wide row of railway carriage or compartment plastic mulching and transplants, and railway carriage or compartment face width 180cm built plants 2 row cowpeas, wide row 140cm, cave apart from 40cm, every bunch planting 3-4 grain seed, seedling is stayed in two strain, can to stagger sowing by cowpea, guarantees field ventilation and penetrating light; Study cover cotton density 1000 ~ 1400 plants/acre when transplanting cotton, cotton spacing in the rows is 40cm, when cowpea and cotton line space are respectively 40cm, 25cm, 15cm, plants 2 row, 3 row, 4 row cottons, on the impact of interplanting output of cotton in the wide row of cowpea.Result is as shown in table 3.
Under table 3 cowpea cover cotton pattern, different densities and line-spacing are on the impact (kg/ mu) of output of cotton
From in table 3, Xinhe River township, Huarong County is the highest with Transplanting Density 1100 plants/acre, pattern cover often with the 2 row per mu yield that grows cotton, and Wu Shenggong town, Nan County is the highest with Transplanting Density 1200 plants/acre, pattern cover often with the 2 row per mu yield that grows cotton.
Embodiment 4, the present invention evaluates the effect of the stereo cultivation method that cowpea cover grows cotton by calculating Land Equivalent Ratio.
Land Equivalent Ratio: the ratio of the income when income in same farmland during two or more crop companion cropping and each crop nonoculture weighs the index of interplanting than nonoculture volume increase degree.When cowpea and cotton interplanting, its formula is: Land Equivalent Ratio (LER)=(output during output ÷ cowpea nonoculture during cowpea interplanting)+(output during output ÷ cotton nonoculture during cotton interplanting).If LER is greater than 1, namely represent that interplanting is higher than nonoculture efficiency, nonoculture needs the soil of (LER-1) × 100% that utilizes just can obtain and interplant identical output more.
The stereo cultivation method that Lake Dongting area provided by the invention cowpea cover grows cotton can utilize the space in cowpea field, plant cotton is transplanted in cowpea late growth stage, after cowpea results, cotton make full use of space and time increase by one season crop take in, thus raising Land Equivalent Ratio, improve soil and the level of resources utilization, reach the object of increasing both production and income.
The cowpea king of cowpea variety interplants assorted No. 21 cotton varieties in hybrid cotton Hunan
Test site: Wu Shenggong town, Nan County, Hunan Province.
Experimental group: cowpea is begun sowing in good time nursery, and late March is transplanted; Cotton is transplanted in cowpea early and middle ten days in June results for first 1 week; Cowpea adopts ridging to open the wide row of railway carriage or compartment plastic mulching and transplants, and railway carriage or compartment face width 180cm built plants 2 row cowpeas, wide row 140cm, cave distance 40cm, every bunch planting 3-4 grain seed, and seedling is stayed in two strain, and sowing of can staggering, guarantees field ventilation and penetrating light; When transplanting cotton, plant 2 row cottons in the wide row of cowpea, cotton line space 60cm, cotton spacing in the rows is 40cm, cowpea and cotton line space 40cm, the Transplanting Density of cotton according to each ecotope light and heat condition and the suitable thin planting of soil fertility, every mu of 1100 ~ 1200 strains; Adopt Manual punching, wrong cave is transplanted, and 1 strain is transplanted in every cave.
Cowpea compares group only: adopt local traditional planting patterns single cropping cowpea;
Cotton compares group only: adopt local traditional planting patterns single cropping cotton;
Experimental group and control group are sowed the same period, and other field management is all consistent with local Production of Large Fields level;
Result of the test is in table 4.
The cowpea king of table 4 cowpea variety interplants assorted No. 21 cotton varieties in hybrid cotton Hunan
From above-mentioned result of the test, cowpea interplanting cotton cultivation method cowpea per mu yield 1780.9kg, cotton unginned cotton per mu yield 282.6kg, calculate by cowpea purchasing price 4.2 yuan/kg, unginned cotton 5.6 yuan/kg, per mu yield is worth 9062.3 yuan; Cowpea compares group per mu yield 1850.6kg only, the output value 7772.5 yuan; Cotton compares group unginned cotton per mu yield 296.2kg only, the output value 1658.7 yuan; The stereo cultivation method that cowpea cover provided by the invention grows cotton makes per mu yield value only than cowpea, cotton respectively increases by 1289.8 yuan and 7403.6 yuan; Land Equivalent Ratio is 1.92, shows that more nonoculture needs utilize the soil of 92% just can obtain and interplant identical output.
The cowpea 29 of cowpea variety interplants assorted No. 22 cotton varieties in hybrid cotton Hunan
Test site: Xinhe River township, Huarong County, Hunan Province.
Experimental group: cowpea is begun sowing in good time nursery, and late March is transplanted; Cotton is transplanted in cowpea early and middle ten days in June results for first 1 week; Cowpea adopts ridging to open the wide row of railway carriage or compartment plastic mulching and transplants, and railway carriage or compartment face width 180cm built plants 2 row cowpeas, wide row 140cm, cave distance 40cm, every bunch planting 3-4 grain seed, and seedling is stayed in two strain, and sowing of can staggering, guarantees field ventilation and penetrating light; When transplanting cotton, plant 2 row cottons in the wide row of cowpea, cotton line space 60cm, cotton spacing in the rows is 40cm, cowpea and cotton line space 40cm, the Transplanting Density of cotton according to each ecotope light and heat condition and the suitable thin planting of soil fertility, every mu of 1100 ~ 1200 strains; Adopt Manual punching, wrong cave is transplanted, and 1 strain is transplanted in every cave.
Cowpea compares group only: adopt local traditional planting patterns single cropping cowpea;
Cotton compares group only: adopt local traditional planting patterns single cropping cotton;
Experimental group and control group are sowed the same period, and other field management is all consistent with local Production of Large Fields level;
Result of the test is in table 5.
The cowpea 29 of table 5 cowpea variety interplants assorted No. 22 cotton varieties in hybrid cotton Hunan
From above-mentioned result of the test, cowpea interplanting cotton cultivation method cowpea per mu yield 1782.2kg, cotton unginned cotton per mu yield 278.7kg, calculate by cowpea purchasing price 4.2 yuan/kg, unginned cotton 5.6 yuan/kg, per mu yield is worth 9046.0 yuan; Cowpea compares group per mu yield 1817.8kg only, the output value 7634.8 yuan; Cotton compares group unginned cotton per mu yield 290.5kg only, the output value 1626.8 yuan; The stereo cultivation method that cowpea cover provided by the invention grows cotton makes per mu yield value only than cowpea, cotton respectively increases by 1411.2 yuan and 7419.2 yuan; Land Equivalent Ratio is 1.94, shows that more nonoculture needs utilize the soil of 94% just can obtain and interplant identical output.
Embodiment 5: cowpea growth belt and cotton planting band take turns the impact done cotton Major Pests in not being with between border in the same year
In farmland, cowpea growth belt and cotton planting band adopt between year border and are with interior crop rotation mutually, and Second Year cowpea growth belt and cotton planting band exchange, and realize crop rotation in band between year border.
Experimental group: cowpea is begun sowing in good time nursery, and late March is transplanted; Cotton is transplanted in cowpea early and middle ten days in June results for first 1 week; Cowpea adopts ridging to open the wide row of railway carriage or compartment plastic mulching and transplants, and railway carriage or compartment face width 180cm built plants 2 row cowpeas, wide row 140cm, cave distance 40cm, every bunch planting 3-4 grain seed, and seedling is stayed in two strain, and sowing of can staggering, guarantees field ventilation and penetrating light; When transplanting cotton, plant 2 row cottons in the wide row of cowpea, cotton line space 60cm, cotton spacing in the rows is 40cm, cowpea and cotton line space 40cm, the Transplanting Density of cotton according to each ecotope light and heat condition and the suitable thin planting of soil fertility, every mu of 1100 ~ 1200 strains; Adopt Manual punching, wrong cave is transplanted, and 1 strain is transplanted in every cave.
Cotton compares group only: adopt local traditional planting patterns single cropping cotton;
Experimental group and control group are sowed the same period, and other field management is all consistent with local Production of Large Fields level;
At cotton in seedling stage, carry out the investigation of Major Pests, result of the test is in table 6.
Table 6 cowpea variety interplanting hybrid cotton varieties is on the impact of cotton Major Pests
From above-mentioned result of the test, cowpea growth belt and cotton planting band are in not taking between border in the same year to be with interior crop rotation, at cotton in seedling stage, the cotton bollworm of two local cowpea interplanting cotton cultivation method cottons is respectively 41.3,44.6 heads/plant, cotton only compares group cotton bollworm and is respectively 57.5,61.8 heads/plant, and the stereo cultivation method that cowpea cover provided by the invention grows cotton is do minimizing 28.17% and 27.83% cleaner than cotton respectively; The cotten aphid of two local cowpea interplanting cotton cultivation method cottons is respectively 46.3,48.8 heads/plant, cotton only compares group cotten aphid and is respectively 60.6,62.9 heads/plant, and the stereo cultivation method that cowpea cover provided by the invention grows cotton is do minimizing 23.60% and 22.42% cleaner than cotton respectively; The two-spotted spider mite of two local cowpea interplanting cotton cultivation method cottons is respectively 11.6,12.1 heads/plant, cotton only compares group two-spotted spider mite and is respectively 14.2,15.6 heads/plant, and the stereo cultivation method that cowpea cover provided by the invention grows cotton is do minimizing 18.31% and 22.44% cleaner than cotton respectively; The cotton leaf bug of two local cowpea interplanting cotton cultivation method cottons is respectively 3.2,3.6 heads/plant, cotton only compares group cotton leaf bug and is respectively 4.5,4.8 heads/plant, and the stereo cultivation method that cowpea cover provided by the invention grows cotton is do minimizing 28.89% and 25.00% cleaner than cotton respectively; The cotton spark of two local cowpea interplanting cotton cultivation method cottons is respectively 2.7,2.9 heads/plant, cotton only compares the cotton spark of group and is respectively 3.5,3.8 heads/plant, and the stereo cultivation method that cowpea cover provided by the invention grows cotton is do minimizing 22.86% and 23.68% cleaner than cotton respectively; Show that cowpea growth belt provided by the invention and cotton planting band are in not taking between border in the same year to be with interior crop rotation, the stereo cultivation method that cowpea cover grows cotton effectively can reduce the quantity of the cotton bollworm of cotton, cotten aphid, two-spotted spider mite, cotton leaf bug and cotton spark.
Embodiment 6: cowpea growth belt and cotton planting band take turns the impact done cowpea Major Pests in not being with between border in the same year
In farmland, cowpea growth belt and cotton planting band adopt between year border and are with interior crop rotation mutually, and Second Year cowpea growth belt and cotton planting band exchange, and realize crop rotation in band between year border.
Experimental group: cowpea is begun sowing in good time nursery, and late March is transplanted; Cotton is transplanted in cowpea early and middle ten days in June results for first 1 week; Cowpea adopts ridging to open the wide row of railway carriage or compartment plastic mulching and transplants, and railway carriage or compartment face width 180cm built plants 2 row cowpeas, wide row 140cm, cave distance 40cm, every bunch planting 3-4 grain seed, and seedling is stayed in two strain, and sowing of can staggering, guarantees field ventilation and penetrating light; When transplanting cotton, plant 2 row cottons in the wide row of cowpea, cotton line space 60cm, cotton spacing in the rows is 40cm, cowpea and cotton line space 40cm, the Transplanting Density of cotton according to each ecotope light and heat condition and the suitable thin planting of soil fertility, every mu of 1100 ~ 1200 strains; Adopt Manual punching, wrong cave is transplanted, and 1 strain is transplanted in every cave.
Cowpea compares group only: adopt local traditional planting patterns single cropping cowpea;
Experimental group and control group are sowed the same period, and other field management is all consistent with local Production of Large Fields level;
In cowpea pod bearing period, carry out the investigation of Major Pests, result of the test is in table 7.
The impact on cowpea Major Pests is spent in the interplanting of table 7 cowpea variety
From above-mentioned result of the test, cowpea growth belt and cotton planting band are in not taking between border in the same year to be with interior crop rotation, in cowpea pod bearing period, the wild snout moth's larva of beans of two local cowpea interplanting cotton cultivation method cowpeas is respectively 10.3,10.8 heads/plant, cowpea only compares the wild snout moth's larva of group beans and is respectively 16.4,18.2 heads/plant, and the stereo cultivation method that cowpea cover provided by the invention grows cotton is do minimizing 37.20% and 40.66% cleaner than cowpea respectively; The aphid of two local cowpea interplanting cotton cultivation method cowpeas is respectively 15.2,12.7 heads/plant, cowpea only compares group aphid and is respectively 30.6,28.8 heads/plant, and the stereo cultivation method that cowpea cover provided by the invention grows cotton is do minimizing 50.33% and 55.90% cleaner than cowpea respectively; The two spotted spider mite of two local cowpea interplanting cotton cultivation method cowpeas is respectively 13.8,12.4 heads/plant, cowpea only compares group two spotted spider mite and is respectively 26.7,24.5 heads/plant, and the stereo cultivation method that cowpea cover provided by the invention grows cotton is do minimizing 48.31% and 49.39% cleaner than cowpea respectively; The stinkbug of two local cowpea interplanting cotton cultivation method cowpeas is respectively 7.6,8.8 heads/plant, cowpea only compares group stinkbug and is respectively 13.5,15.6 heads/plant, and the stereo cultivation method that cowpea cover provided by the invention grows cotton is do minimizing 43.70% and 43.59% cleaner than cowpea respectively; Show that cowpea growth belt provided by the invention and cotton planting band are in not taking between border in the same year to be with interior crop rotation, the stereo cultivation method that cowpea cover grows cotton effectively can reduce the quantity of the wild snout moth's larva of beans of cowpea, aphid, two spotted spider mite and stinkbug.
The object that above embodiment illustrates is to help to understand method of the present invention and key technology.At this, for the person skilled of the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, improve and amendment if carry out some to the present invention, these improve and amendment is also all considered as within the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the stereo cultivation method that grows cotton of Lake Dongting area cowpea cover, it is characterized in that, cowpea and hybrid cotton are interplanted; Cowpea is in annual early March seeding and seedling raising, and late March ridging is opened the wide row of railway carriage or compartment plastic mulching and transplanted, railway carriage or compartment face width 160-200cm, and built plants 2 row cowpeas, wide row 130-150cm, cave distance 35-45cm, every bunch planting 3-4 grain seed, and seedling is stayed in two strain; Cotton is nutritive cube seeding and seedling raising at the beginning of by the end of April to 5 month, transplant in cowpea late growth stage at the beginning of 6 months by the end of May, the capable cotton of 2-3 is planted in the wide row of cowpea, cotton line space 50-70cm, cotton spacing in the rows is 35-45cm, cowpea and cotton line space 30-50cm, and both transplant in wrong cave, in early June and the middle ten days, when the front 2 thoughtful harvestings of cowpea results complete, transplant cotton.
2. the stereo cultivation method that grows cotton of cowpea cover according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, railway carriage or compartment face width 180cm, built plants 2 row cowpeas, wide row 140cm, cave apart from 40cm, every bunch planting 3-4 grain seed, seedling is stayed in two strain; Cotton is nutritive cube seeding and seedling raising at the beginning of by the end of April to 5 month, and transplant in cowpea late growth stage at the beginning of 6 months by the end of May, plant 2 row cottons in the wide row of cowpea, cotton spacing in the rows is 40cm.
3. the stereo cultivation method that grows cotton of cowpea cover according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, the planting density of described cotton is every mu of 1100 ~ 1200 strains.
4. the stereo cultivation method that grows cotton of cowpea cover according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, ridging opens the ridge height 30cm of railway carriage or compartment plantation cowpea.
5. the stereo cultivation method that grows cotton of cowpea cover according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, within front 1 week, carries out transplanting cotton with when having plucked in cowpea results.
6. the stereo cultivation method that grows cotton of cowpea cover according to claim 5, is characterized in that, within first 1 week, carries out transplanting cotton in cowpea results.
7. the stereo cultivation method that grows cotton of cowpea cover according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, selected hybrid cotton is high yield, disease-resistant, high-quality hybrid is cotton: assorted cotton No. 21 of Hunan, assorted cotton No. 22 of Hunan, No. 6, Datang or Hunan assorted 008.
8. the stereo cultivation method that grows cotton of cowpea cover according to claim 7, is characterized in that, selected hybrid cotton is assorted cotton No. 21 of Hunan.
9. the stereo cultivation method that grows cotton of cowpea cover according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described cowpea variety for it cowpea king, cowpea 29 or the all-round king of cowpea.
10. the stereo cultivation method that grows cotton of cowpea cover according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, crop rotation in cowpea growth belt and cotton planting band realize being with between year border.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510160336.9A CN104770171B (en) | 2015-04-07 | 2015-04-07 | A kind of stereo cultivating method of Lake Dongting area cowpea interplanting cotton |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510160336.9A CN104770171B (en) | 2015-04-07 | 2015-04-07 | A kind of stereo cultivating method of Lake Dongting area cowpea interplanting cotton |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104770171A true CN104770171A (en) | 2015-07-15 |
| CN104770171B CN104770171B (en) | 2017-12-01 |
Family
ID=53612199
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510160336.9A Expired - Fee Related CN104770171B (en) | 2015-04-07 | 2015-04-07 | A kind of stereo cultivating method of Lake Dongting area cowpea interplanting cotton |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104770171B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106961962A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-07-21 | 合肥云都棉花有限公司 | One implantation methods grown cotton |
| CN107371733A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-11-24 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Make crop rotation high-efficient planting patterns between a kind of mild or moderate sulfate alkaline land cotton peanut |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101878710A (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2010-11-10 | 新疆林业科学院 | Method for supplementing water to date trees in date-cotton intercropping system |
| CN101904260A (en) * | 2010-07-07 | 2010-12-08 | 新疆农业科学院哈密瓜研究中心 | Planting mode suitable for stereoscopic fruit and vegetable crops |
| CN102239782A (en) * | 2011-05-06 | 2011-11-16 | 澧县农业科学研究所 | Method for inter-planting cotton with fresh sweet-waxy corn |
| CN102511294A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-06-27 | 上海博琛生物科技有限公司 | High-efficiency stereoscopic cultivation method for vegetable in protected land |
-
2015
- 2015-04-07 CN CN201510160336.9A patent/CN104770171B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101878710A (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2010-11-10 | 新疆林业科学院 | Method for supplementing water to date trees in date-cotton intercropping system |
| CN101904260A (en) * | 2010-07-07 | 2010-12-08 | 新疆农业科学院哈密瓜研究中心 | Planting mode suitable for stereoscopic fruit and vegetable crops |
| CN102239782A (en) * | 2011-05-06 | 2011-11-16 | 澧县农业科学研究所 | Method for inter-planting cotton with fresh sweet-waxy corn |
| CN102511294A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-06-27 | 上海博琛生物科技有限公司 | High-efficiency stereoscopic cultivation method for vegetable in protected land |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 何钦安等: "榨菜-豇豆-棉花套种栽培技术", 《江西蔬菜》 * |
| 张运胜: "榨菜、豇豆、棉花一年三熟高效栽培模式", 《江西棉花》 * |
| 汪李平等: "有机蔬菜-豆类生产技术规程", 《长江蔬菜》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106961962A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-07-21 | 合肥云都棉花有限公司 | One implantation methods grown cotton |
| CN107371733A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-11-24 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Make crop rotation high-efficient planting patterns between a kind of mild or moderate sulfate alkaline land cotton peanut |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104770171B (en) | 2017-12-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105340514B (en) | A kind of drought lotus root volume increase improves the efficient cultivation method of content of starch | |
| CN103548547B (en) | Three-time harvest cultivation method for intercropping of peppers and spring Chinese cabbages and multi-cropping of peppers and winter asparagus lettuces in two seasons | |
| CN108849474B (en) | Method for improving yield of sweet potato group hybrid seed production | |
| CN105210652B (en) | A kind of cultural method made between corn and mung bean | |
| CN103392475B (en) | Sweet corn nursery resistant to lodging and cultivation method | |
| CN102577818A (en) | Method for interplanting tobacco with soybean | |
| CN102823420A (en) | Cultivation method for promoting precocity and high yield of broccolis | |
| CN105393750B (en) | A kind of corn and the cultural method of capsicum composite stereo ecology interplanting | |
| CN104082028A (en) | Efficient method for cultivating flue-cured tobacco seedlings, summer cucumbers and autumn delayed cowpeas in one year | |
| CN105830702B (en) | Make the stereo cultivating method of the tuber of pinellia and corn between a kind of gleditsia sinensis | |
| CN102301893A (en) | Method for cultivating double wide-narrow bushes by alternatively changing wide rows and narrow rows of corn strip field in quantified and positioned manner | |
| CN103460963A (en) | Four-crop-a-year cultivation method for low-latitude high-elevation area dry land | |
| CN102461407A (en) | Method for interplanting potato and corn in semihumid and semi-arid region | |
| CN104718950A (en) | One-year three-harvest maize and soybean intercropping planting method | |
| CN103430734A (en) | Method for improving maturing rate of konjak seeds | |
| CN103999676A (en) | Intercropping and rotation cultivating mode for maize, sweet potato and potato | |
| CN103814751A (en) | Cultivation method for improving maturing rate and yield of liquorice seeds | |
| CN104221675B (en) | Fresh waxy corn interplanting early Chinese cabbage multiple cropping autumn kidney bean 1 year two season three ripe efficient cultivation method | |
| CN107242007A (en) | One grows cotton the light simplified cultivation method of peanut strip cropping | |
| CN108703064A (en) | A kind of Small-sized watermelon cross breeding method | |
| CN104770171B (en) | A kind of stereo cultivating method of Lake Dongting area cowpea interplanting cotton | |
| CN107509514A (en) | A kind of cotton and the intercropping method of peanut | |
| CN112088706B (en) | Method for interplanting radix pseudostellariae in melastoma dodecandrum | |
| CN103975809A (en) | Method for breeding rice three-nursery breeder seeds by raising rice seedlings on seeding tray | |
| CN104381004A (en) | Method for inter-relay cropping of wheat, spinaches, peas and autumn beans |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| EXSB | Decision made by sipo to initiate substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20171201 Termination date: 20200407 |