CN104756907B - A kind of domesticating method of torrent fish - Google Patents
A kind of domesticating method of torrent fish Download PDFInfo
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- CN104756907B CN104756907B CN201510131698.5A CN201510131698A CN104756907B CN 104756907 B CN104756907 B CN 104756907B CN 201510131698 A CN201510131698 A CN 201510131698A CN 104756907 B CN104756907 B CN 104756907B
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- acipenser dabryanus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of domesticating method of torrent fish, after cultivating 1 ~ 5 age first filial generation acipenser dabryanus in culturing pool, adds torrent fish to be raised and train and is cultivated.Domesticating method provided by the invention carries out mixing capsule with torrent fish by acipenser dabryanus and supported, the stress reaction of wild fish can not only be reduced, the characteristics of acipenser dabryanus is to the anti-infection property of ich and big individual can also be utilized, wags the tail and makes stream, drive the activity of wild fish, reduce its a large amount of cluster, the probability that ich mutually infects is reduced, so as to effectively prevent ich, improves survival rate, medication is reduced, mitigates the pollution to water environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rare Endemic fish to cultivate field, and in particular to a kind of domesticating method of torrent fish.
Background technology
C. guichenoti, long Qi Wen Minnow, long thin loach and copper fish are Upper Yangtze River Endemic fishs, have higher economic value and
Nutritive value.In the last few years, because the reasons such as Yangtze Drainage Area Water Quality pollution, large hydraulic engineering construction and overfishing cause
Its wild resource amount drastically declines.《Three Gorges Projects statement of the effect to be occasioned on the environment》Explicitly point out:Three Gorges Projects can be to including round mouth copper
The existence and breeding of more than the 40 kind rare Endemic fishs in the Changjiang river including fish, long thin loach and long Qi Wen Minnow etc. produce different degrees of
Influence.Meanwhile《Jinsha jiang River mainstream lower reache cascade development fish multiplication releases Facilities Construction overall planning》With《Upper Yangtze River
Rare Endemic fish protection zone Ecological Compensation scheme》In also clearly using the fish such as C. guichenoti, long Qi Wen Minnow, long thin loach as
Important in Three Gorges group company Development of Hydroelectric Power On Jinshajiang River releases kind.Long thin loach is since the later stage nineties in last century, fishing
The artificial propagation that wild type is carried out has succeeded, but raising and train for continental rise water body never succeeds.In the last few years, round mouth copper
Fish, long Qi Wen Minnow and copper fish chartering cost project are mainly carried out on hull net cage, are mainly based upon the water base cultivation in original producton location
Facility facility considers.But these species wild fishes are all because being limited by three big most important technological difficulties：Stress reaction is strong, sexual gland hair
The pest and disease damage fatal rate height such as stagnation or degeneration and ich is educated, project is made slow progress so far.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to be directed to problem above, there is provided a kind of domesticating method of torrent fish, it passes through wild fish
Set is carried out with certain species fish to support, and is reduced stress reaction, is effectively prevented ich.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：A kind of domesticating method of torrent fish,
Concretely comprise the following steps：
1）Culturing pool is arranged at outdoor, and is provided with sunshade, and blow-off pipe is provided with culturing pool, and first culturing pool is carried out
Cleaning and sterilizing, 1 ~ 5 age first filial generation acipenser dabryanus is then introduced, the depth of water in culturing pool is 80 ~ 100cm；
2）After treating that acipenser dabryanus adapts to environment, cover and support torrent fish, maintain single pond biomass in pond in 5 ~ 10kg/
m2, wherein it is 1 that set, which supports the weight ratio that ratio is wild fish and acipenser dabryanus,:10 ~ 20, quantity ratio is 1:2~5；Control cultivation pool inner water
Flow is 0.4~0.6L/s, and water temperature is 8.5~28.2 DEG C, and mixed feed and biological feed are fed during whole raise and train；
Raised and train to more than 1 year and survived by above-mentioned steps, process is raised and train in completion.
The average survival for raising and train 1 ~ 3 year is respectively long Qi Wen Minnow 44.6%, long thin loach 35.8%, copper fish 51.4% and round mouth
Copper fish 57.8%, wherein C. guichenoti list pond 3 term survival rate are up to 90%.By 2 ~ 3 years raise and train, there is 3 groups long fin to kiss
Minnow and 6 group of C. guichenoti gonadal maturation simultaneously realizes artificial propagation.
Described culturing pool is circle, and blowdown does not stay dead angle, a diameter of 4 ~ 6m, is easy to manage, and ought particularly have fish disease hair
It is easy to isolate when raw, risk can be reduced.
Further, culturing pool is made of glass steel material, is easily installed, and is changed or mobile, be also convenient for observation and
Management.
The blow-off pipe pipe is vertically installed inside culturing pool, and multiple through holes are drilled with the side wall of blow-off pipe.So that dirt
Directly it can be flowed out by through hole into blow-off pipe.
Step 1）In, the weight of described acipenser dabryanus is in 0.5-6kg/ tails, if sturgeon too small do not have drives wild fish
The effect of cluster, and premunition itself is not most strong period；It is too big, foster quantity certainly will be covered and reduced, it is wild not have isolation yet
The effect of raw fish cluster.
Described torrent fish are long Qi Wen Minnow, long thin loach, copper fish, one kind in rock carp and C. guichenoti.
Long Qi Wen Minnow, long thin loach, copper fish, the original body mass of C. guichenoti and rock carp are respectively：0.1~0.3kg、0.2~
0.8kg、0.1~0.25kg、0.29~0.48kg、0.3~0.8kg。
The mixed feed is sturgeon sinking feed, and biological feed is water earthworm or mollusk.
It is big that disposable input when net cage is raised and train is carried out in rivers hull, it is tens million of easily, and use high density list product
Kind of aquaculture model, it is very risky, such as from fish risk in itself and water pollution；In continental rise small size pond environment in the present invention
Under, success can be raised and train by culturing pool, input is smaller, risk is controllable.
The present invention covers to support in kind in selection has certain core technology, country's distribution and the sturgeon species that cultivates compared with
It is more.The acipenser dabryanus speed of growth is moderate, and disposition is gentleer, and sturgeon is sub- cold water fishes, and acipenser dabryanus is with respect to high temperature resistant, conventional fish
Disease is less, particularly not yet finds infection ich, and breeding wild fish is covered in the present invention and is easy to infect ich, extremely
Die rate height.5 kinds of foster wild fish feeding habits of set are also partially carnivorous ominivore-fish, and only a kind of feed need to be fed i.e. when raising and train
Can.
The wild fish of several easy infection iches is raised and train and cultivates organic knot with releasing kind acipenser dabryanus respectively by the present invention
Close, not only reduce the stress reaction of wild fish, and need not additionally increase more breeding facility；Furthermore utilize acipenser dabryanus
The characteristics of anti-infection property to ich and big individual, wag the tail and make stream, drive the activity of wild fish, reduce its a large amount of cluster,
The probability that ich mutually infects is reduced, so as to effectively prevent ich, not only substantially increases survival rate, also maximum
Reduce medication to limit, mitigate the pollution to water environment.
Under continental rise small size pond environment, C. guichenoti and long Qi Wen Minnow chartering cost success, stress reaction and property are overcome
The problem of gland development, alleviates the harm of ich, greatly reduces R＆D costs, accelerate research and development process.The technology
After popularity, by make it possible C. guichenoti and long Qi Wen Minnow large-scale production and release, continuity to its species tool
It is of great significance, moreover, it has also established technical foundation for the cultivation of its socialization from now on.
Embodiment
With reference to specific implementation, the present invention is furture elucidated.These embodiments are interpreted as being merely to illustrate the present invention
Rather than for limiting the scope of the invention.After the content of the invention recorded has been read, those skilled in the art can
To be made various changes or modifications to the present invention, these equivalence changes and modification equally fall into what claims of the present invention was limited
Scope.
Embodiment 1：
The torrent fish to be raised and train chosen in the present embodiment are：2 ~ 3 age C. guichenotis, 2011 ~ 3 years 2013 from
Rivers are temporarily supported net cage and collected, totally 3 batches, altogether 384 tail, are respectively：55 tails in 2011,131 tails in 2012 and 198 tails in 2013；
Weight range is： 0.29~0.48kg.
It specifically raises and train step：
1）Culturing pool is arranged at outdoor, a diameter of 4m and 6m, and is provided with sunshade, and blow-off pipe is provided with culturing pool,
Cleaning and sterilizing training water is first carried out to culturing pool, then introduces 3 ~ 5 age first filial generation acipenser dabryanus, control water depth is 80 ~ 100cm；
2）After treating that acipenser dabryanus adapts to environment, set supports age-grade C. guichenoti respectively, and single pond biomass maintains 5 ~
10kg/m2, wherein it is 1 that set, which supports the weight ratio that ratio is C. guichenoti and acipenser dabryanus,:10 ~ 20, quantity ratio is 1:2~5；Control is supported
It is 0.4~0.6L/s to grow pool inner water flow, the anniversary water temperature amplitude of variation be 8.5~28.2 DEG C, fed during whole raise and train
Sturgeon mixed feed and water earthworm, and 1 ~ 2 chilled meat of mollusk is fed weekly；
Raise and train C. guichenoti 3 ~ 1 years by above-mentioned steps, 25 tails of surviving respectively, 76 tails and 121 tails, totally 222 tail, the stage into
Motility rate is respectively：45.5%th, 58.0% and 61.1%, total survival rate is 57.8%, in mid or late May, 2014, successively has 6 groups 2011
Start the C. guichenoti gonadal maturation raised and train and successfully realize artificial propagation, more than 4000 tails of emerging.
Embodiment 2：
The torrent fish to be raised and train chosen in the present embodiment are：3 ~ 4 ages wild long Qi Wen Minnow, be autumn in 2012 from
Burner zone dam lower reaches of the Changjiang River section fisherman collects, and 92 tail, original body mass scope are altogether：0.1~0.3kg.
It specifically raises and train step：
1）Culturing pool is arranged at outdoor, a diameter of 6m circular glass steel basin, and is provided with sunshade, is provided with culturing pool
Blow-off pipe, first to culturing pool carry out cleaning and sterilizing training water, then introduce 3 ~ 4 age first filial generation acipenser dabryanus, control water depth be 80 ~
100cm；
2）After treating that acipenser dabryanus adapts to environment, the long Qi Wen Minnow supported by temporarily supporting are covered, single pond biomass maintains 5 ~ 10kg/
m2, wherein set is supported, ratio is long Qi Wen Minnow and the weight ratio of acipenser dabryanus is 1:20 ~ 30, quantity ratio is 1:2~3；Control in culturing pool
Water-carrying capacity is 0.3~0.4L/s, the anniversary water temperature amplitude of variation be 8.5~28.2 DEG C, feeding sturgeon during whole raise and train matches somebody with somebody
Close feed and water earthworm.
Long fin is raised and train by above-mentioned steps and kisses Minnow 2 years, and 41 tails of surviving, total survival rate is 44.6%, is significantly higher than hull net cage
The survival rate of cultivation 20%.In mid or late April, 2014, there are 3 groups to raise and train parent population gonadal maturation and successfully realize artificial propagation,
About 3200 tails of emergence.
Embodiment 3：
The torrent fish to be raised and train chosen in the present embodiment are：2 ~ 4 ages thin loach of wild length, it is spring and autumn in 2011
Collected from Burner zone dam lower reaches of the Changjiang River section fisherman, 215 tail, original body mass scope are altogether：0.2~0.8kg.
It specifically raises and train step：
1）Culturing pool is arranged at outdoor, a diameter of 6m circular glass steel basin, and is provided with sunshade, is provided with culturing pool
Blow-off pipe, first to culturing pool carry out cleaning and sterilizing training water, then introduce 2 ~ 3 age first filial generation acipenser dabryanus, control water depth be 80 ~
100cm；
2）After treating that acipenser dabryanus adapts to environment, the thin loach of length supported by temporarily supporting is covered, single pond biomass maintains 5 ~ 8kg/m2,
It is 1 wherein to cover the weight ratio that the ratio of supporting is long thin loach and acipenser dabryanus:8 ~ 10, quantity ratio is 1:3~4；Control water-carrying capacity in culturing pool
For 0.4~0.6L/s, the anniversary water temperature amplitude of variation be 8.5~28.5 DEG C, feed sturgeon mixed feed during whole raise and train
And water earthworm.
Long thin loach is raised and train by above-mentioned steps 1.5 ~ 2 years, and 77 tails of surviving, total survival rate is 35.8%.At the beginning of 6 months 2013, have
The male parent population gonadal maturation that 1 tail is raised and train.The thin loach identifiability of length collected according to spring in 2013 from riverside does not count,
Sex ration is up to 20:1.The male parent population that this 1 tail raises and train maturation participates in long thin loach artificial propagation, more than 2500 tails of emerging.
Embodiment 4：
A kind of domesticating method of torrent fish, is concretely comprised the following steps：
1）Culturing pool is arranged at outdoor, is shaped as circle, a diameter of 6m, and is provided with sunshade, is provided with culturing pool
Blow-off pipe, multiple through holes are drilled with the side wall of blow-off pipe, aperture is 1.5 ~ 3cm so that dirt flows out from drilling；Then to cultivation
Pond carries out cleaning and sterilizing, is re-introduced into 1 ~ 3 age first filial generation acipenser dabryanus, and the depth of water of the weight in 0.5-3kg/ tails, culturing pool is 80 ~
100cm；
2）After treating that acipenser dabryanus adapts to environment, cover and support torrent fish, the torrent fish to be raised and train of selection are：Copper fish
18 tails；Single pond biomass in pond is maintained in 5 ~ 10kg/m2, wherein it is 1 that set, which supports the weight ratio that ratio is wild fish and acipenser dabryanus,:
10 ~ 20, quantity ratio is 1:2~5；It is 0.3-0.4L/s to control water-carrying capacity in culturing pool, and water temperature is 8.5~28.2 DEG C, is entirely being tamed and dociled
Mixed feed and biological feed are fed during supporting；
After raising and train 1 year by above-mentioned steps, 18 tails, survival rate 57.8% are survived.
In addition, the immediate objective raised and train in the present invention is that survival rate can be higher than traditional cultivation or tame and docile after raising and train 1 year
Support method and technology, improve survival rate, extension survives the cycle, more preferable effect be can raise and train to gonadal maturation carry out it is numerous
Grow.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of domesticating method of torrent fish, it is characterised in that concretely comprise the following steps：
1）Culturing pool is arranged at outdoor, and is provided with sunshade, and culturing pool is circular, a diameter of 4 ~ 6m, using glass steel material
It is made, blow-off pipe is installed in culturing pool, cleaning and sterilizing first is carried out to culturing pool, then introduces 1 ~ 5 age first filial generation acipenser dabryanus, reach
Family name sturgeon weight is 0.5-6kg/ tails, and the depth of water in culturing pool is 80 ~ 100cm；
2）After treating that acipenser dabryanus adapts to environment, cover and support torrent fish, the torrent fish are long thin loach, rock carp, copper fish
Or C. guichenoti, long thin loach, rock carp, the original body mass of copper fish and C. guichenoti be respectively 0.2 ~ 0.8kg, 0.3 ~ 0.8kg,
0.1 ~ 0.25kg, 0.29 ~ 0.48kg, single pond biomass in pond is maintained in 5 ~ 10kg/m2, wherein torrent fish and acipenser dabryanus
It is 1 that set, which supports part by weight,:10 ~ 20, quantity ratio is 1:2~5；It is 0.4~0.6L/s to control in culturing pool water-carrying capacity, water temperature 8.5
~28.2 DEG C, mixed feed and biological feed are fed during whole raise and train, wherein mixed feed is sturgeon sinking feed, raw
Thing bait is mollusk；
Raised and train to more than 1 year and survived by above-mentioned steps, process is raised and train in completion.
2. the domesticating method of torrent fish according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The blow-off pipe is vertically installed at
Inside culturing pool, multiple through holes are drilled with the side wall of blow-off pipe.
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| CN105724288B (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2018-05-11 | 中国长江三峡集团公司中华鲟研究所 | A kind of long Qi Wen Minnow seed indoor culture methods |
| CN109220909A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-01-18 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of wild copper fishpond pool artificial domestication method |
| CN115349468B (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2024-03-01 | 福建省淡水水产研究所 | Full artificial breeding method for gobiogobiogobioides |
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| CN101836602B (en) * | 2010-03-04 | 2011-08-31 | 甘肃省水产科学研究所 | Artificial domestication and broodstock culture method of platypharodon extremus |
| CN103478040B (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2015-08-26 | 四川省农业科学院水产研究所 | Long thin loach turns food method |
| CN103583425B (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2015-01-07 | 中国长江三峡集团公司中华鲟研究所 | Wild rhinogobio ventralis continental rise pond net cage domestication method |
| CN103798188B (en) * | 2014-02-12 | 2016-04-06 | 张焘 | A kind of giant salamander Ecology chartering cost method |
| CN104041444A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-09-17 | 江川县水产技术推广站 | Raising, training and managing technology for wild percocypris pingi regani |
| CN104396827B (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-11-16 | 中国长江三峡集团公司中华鲟研究所 | A kind of wild long fin imitative Natural habitat river course domesticating method of kiss and cruise pond used |
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