CN104719678A - Application of rubber seed oil to carp compound feed and formula of rubber seed oil - Google Patents
Application of rubber seed oil to carp compound feed and formula of rubber seed oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN104719678A CN104719678A CN201510172363.8A CN201510172363A CN104719678A CN 104719678 A CN104719678 A CN 104719678A CN 201510172363 A CN201510172363 A CN 201510172363A CN 104719678 A CN104719678 A CN 104719678A
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- seed oil
- rubber seed
- feed
- carp
- oil
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention relates to application of rubber seed oil to carp compound feed and a formula of the rubber seed oil, and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture. The rubber seed oil is substituted for fish oil partially to be added into the carp compound feed. The compound feed comprises, by weight, 3-7% of fish meal, 25-30% of bean pulp, 6-10% of cottonseed meal, 13-17% of rapeseed dregs, 6-10% of corn gluten meal, 20-27% of wheat middlings, 1.6-4.8% of the rubber seed oil, 1.6-4.8% of the fish oil, 0.3-0.5% of soya bean lecithin, 0.7-1.2% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.02-0.05% of vitamin C phosphate, 0.1-0.3% of choline chloride, 0.01-0.03% of ethoxyquin, 0.5-1.0% of mineral substance premix and 0.5-1.0% of vitamin premix. The sum of weight percentages of all raw materials is 100%. The application of the rubber seed oil to the carp compound feed and the formula of the rubber seed oil have the advantages that the rubber seed oil is fully utilized to serve as a fat source in the carp compound feed, the fish oil as feed grease in short supply is saved, and the compound feed has no bad influence on carp; formula cost and feed factors are reduced, high cost performance is achieved, and culture benefit of the carp is improved.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of compound feed for carps, is specifically related to the application of a kind of rubber seed oil in compound feed for carps and formula thereof, belongs to technical field of aquaculture.
Background technology
Fish oil is the high-quality fat source of aquatic feeds.At present, global fish oil output keeps relative stability, and aquatic feeds industry is constantly increasing the demand of fish oil.2010, the ratio that global fish oil is used for aquatic feeds reached 88%.In recent years, the fast development of culture fishery causes fish oil consumption sharply to increase, and fish oil holds at high price, and causes huge pressure to aquatic feeding enterprise and culture fishery.Due to fish oil resource-constrained and luxus consumption, and may put aside bioxin and the reason such as Polychlorinated biphenyls and price in fish oil, culture fishery substitutes fish oil in aquatic feeds in the urgent need to adopting other fat source.
Rubber seed oil is containing unrighted acid more than 80% (wherein oleic acid 24%, linoleic acid 36%, leukotrienes 20%), rubber seed oil fat digestibility more than 98%, there is very high nutritive value, be a kind of potential feed fat source, the substitute that it can be used as fish oil can be considered.
In prior art, patent CN101186834A relates to the production method utilizing rubber seed oil to prepare biodiesel, but does not relate to rubber seed oil as feed fat source; Document relates to the utilization of rubber seed oil as poultry feed, but do not relate to ratio and effect that rubber seed oil substitutes other fat source, and various animals is especially between Lu Sheng homeothermal animal and aquatic poikilotherm, notable difference is existed to the utilization ratio of rubber seed oil, in existing formula, the given dosage as feed fat preparation aquatic feeds is very unreasonable, cannot meet the needs of aquaculture.Therefore, necessaryly the utilization ratio of rubber seed oil in variety classes fish feed and suitable using dosage thereof is probed into, fully to develop this high-quality feed oil resource.
Especially, in aquaculture, carp (Cyprinus carpio) is as the important cultivation fingerling of China, and within 2013, cultured output reaches 289.7 ten thousand tons, accounts for 10.95% of freshwater fish culturing output, ranks the 3rd.Carp is ominivore-fish, and its mixed feed is mainly using the conventional feed such as fish oil, soya-bean oil grease as primary fat source (CN102038116B, CN103168972A).In recent years, the conventional feed such as fish oil, soya-bean oil grease price continuous rise, drastically increases feed cost, reduces carp culture benefit.
Therefore, try to explore to develop novel fodder grease to reduce the conventional feed such as fish oil, soya-bean oil grease use amount, be improve carp culture benefit, ensure a kind of effective way of carp culture industry sustainable development.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the invention provides the application of a kind of rubber seed oil in compound feed for carps and formula thereof, the present invention, in a rational scope, takes full advantage of the accessory substance-rubber seed oil in ruber plantation, as the fat source in carp feed, part replaces fish oil, and saved this feed fat in short supply of fish oil, mixed feed has no adverse effects to the every physiological function of carp, simultaneously, reduce formulation cost and feed coefficient, there is higher cost performance, improve carp culture benefit.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the technical solution used in the present invention: utilize rubber seed oil part to replace fish oil and make an addition in compound feed for carps.
A kind of compound feed for carps containing rubber seed oil comprises fish meal, dregs of beans, Cottonseed Meal, rapeseed dregs, corn protein powder, secondary powder, rubber seed oil, fish oil, soybean lecithin, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, vitamin C phosphoric ester, Choline Chloride, ethoxyquinoline, mineral substance premix, vitamin premix, wherein the percentage by weight of various raw material is: fish meal 3 ~ 7%, dregs of beans 25 ~ 30%, Cottonseed Meal 6 ~ 10%, rapeseed dregs 13 ~ 17%, corn protein powder 6 ~ 10%, secondary powder 20 ~ 27%, rubber seed oil 1.6 ~ 4.8%, fish oil 1.6 ~ 4.8%, soybean lecithin 0.3 ~ 0.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.7 ~ 1.2%, vitamin C phosphoric ester 0.02 ~ 0.05%, Choline Chloride 0.1 ~ 0.3%, ethoxyquinoline 0.01 ~ 0.03%, mineral substance premix 0.5 ~ 1.0%, vitamin premix 0.5 ~ 1.0%, the percentage by weight sum of all raw materials is 100%.
As preferably, in described mixed feed, the percentage by weight of various raw material is: fish meal 3 ~ 7%, dregs of beans 25 ~ 30%, Cottonseed Meal 6 ~ 10%, rapeseed dregs 13 ~ 17%, corn protein powder 6 ~ 10%, secondary powder 21 ~ 27%, rubber seed oil 1.6 ~ 3.2%, fish oil 3.2 ~ 4.8%, soybean lecithin 0.3 ~ 0.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.7 ~ 1.2%, vitamin C phosphoric ester 0.02 ~ 0.05%, Choline Chloride 0.1 ~ 0.3%, ethoxyquinoline 0.01 ~ 0.03%, mineral substance premix 0.5 ~ 1.0%, vitamin premix 0.5 ~ 1.0%; The percentage by weight sum of all raw materials is 100%.
Soybean lecithin in described mixed feed, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, Choline Chloride, vitamin C phosphoric ester, ethoxyquinoline, mineral substance premix, vitamin premix conveniently feed proportioning add.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention is in a rational scope, take full advantage of accessory substance-rubber seed oil in ruber plantation as the fat source in carp feed, part replaces fish oil, save this feed fat in short supply of fish oil, mixed feed has no adverse effects to the every physiological function of carp, meanwhile, reduces formulation cost and feed coefficient, there is higher cost performance, improve carp culture benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further details, to facilitate the technical staff to understand.But the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Embodiment:
Using fish meal, dregs of beans, Cottonseed Meal, rapeseed dregs and corn protein powder as forage protein source, rubber seed oil, fish oil and soybean lecithin are as fat source, conveniently forage compounding scheme, prepare 5 kinds and wait energy feed (as shown in table 1) such as nitrogen, wherein, rubber seed oil is not added, as a control group in embodiment 1 feed; In embodiment 2 ~ 5 feed, rubber seed oil addition is 1.6 ~ 6.4% with alternative fish oil.
Table 1, embodiment feed formula (% dry matter basis)
Note: mineral substance premix (g/kg): MgSO
47H
2o, 180; KI, 1; FeSO
4h
2o, 260; ZnSO
4h
2o, 180; CuSO
45H
2o, 25; Na
2se
2o
3, 0.01; MnSO
4h
2o, 180; CoCl
26H
2o, 0.75; Vitamin premix (g/kg): vitamin A, 2; Vitamin D
3, 0.03; Vitamin E, 30; Vitamin K, 3; Thiamine hydrochloride, 8; Riboflavin, 11; Puridoxine hydrochloride, 8; Cobastab
12, 0.02; Ascorbic acid, 50; Folic acid, 1; Biotin, 0.1; Nicotinic acid, 30; Calcium pantothenate, 32; Inositol, 25.
All feedstuffs are pulverized through pulverizer, and whole mistake 60 mesh sieve, other raw materials except rubber seed oil, fish oil and soybean lecithin are mixed by table 1 feed formula by all feedstuffs crushed, then rubber seed oil, fish oil and soybean lecithin (being first dissolved in fish oil) is added, mix, finally adding about 30% distilled water again makes mash feed form hard group, be placed in the strip that feed is squeezed into diameter 3.0mm by pelleter, and in 40 DEG C of convection oven dry 12 hours, make its moisture be down to about 10%.After testing, the nutritional labeling of various embodiments of the present invention feed formula is as shown in table 2.
Table 2, embodiment feed nutrient
After culture experiment terminates, stop feeding 24h, weigh every barrel of fish body gross weight and record fish body number, calculate carp growth rate and survival rate.In addition, gather the tissue samples such as carp blood, small intestine and liver, and analyze mensuration small intestine digestive enzyme activity, protein metabolism and oxidation resistance index.The analytical test of each index all adopts the maturation method used in research both at home and abroad.All numerical value is all expressed as mean value ± standard error
adopt one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), when there is significant difference (P<0.05) between processed group, carry out multiple comparison analyse with Tukey ' s inspection.
Table 3 ~ 6 give test data and result of the test.
Table 3, embodiment carp growth results of property
Note: the different alphabetical person of colleague's shoulder note, significant difference (P<0.05).
As shown in Table 3: use the carp that embodiment 1 ~ 2 feed is fed, its end is heavy, body weight gains and daily gain coefficient there are no significant difference, and is significantly higher than embodiment 3 ~ 5 feed and feeds group; Use the carp that embodiment 1 ~ 3 feed is fed, its feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio, PER there are no significant difference, but generally to feed group higher than embodiment 4 ~ 5 feed.As can be seen here: add 1.6 ~ 3.2% rubber seed oils in feed and carp feed utilization rate is had no adverse effects; When addition reaches 4.8%, carp growth performance and efficiency of feed utilization are all suppressed.
Table 4, embodiment carp small intestine digestive enzyme activity result
Note: the different alphabetical person of colleague's shoulder note, significant difference (P<0.05).
As shown in Table 4: use the carp that embodiment 1 ~ 5 feed is fed, its little entero-amylase and liver fat enzymatic activity there are no significant difference; Use the carp that embodiment 1 ~ 3 feed is fed, its liver amylase activity significantly to be fed group lower than embodiment 5 feed.As can be seen here: add 1.6 ~ 6.4% rubber seed oils in feed and carp small intestine digestive enzyme activity is had no adverse effects.
Table 5, embodiment carp blood plasma and hepatic protein related-metabolism index result
Note: the different alphabetical person of colleague's shoulder note, significant difference (P<0.05).
As shown in Table 5: use the carp that embodiment 1 ~ 2 feed is fed, its Plasma Urea nitrogen level significantly to be fed group lower than embodiment 3 ~ 4 feed; Use the carp that embodiment 2 ~ 3 feed is fed, its liver gpt activity is significantly higher than other embodiment feeds and feeds group; Use the carp that embodiment 1 ~ 5 feed is fed, its PGOT and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and liver glutamic-oxalacetic transaminease active, blood plasma total amino acid, ammonia nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus content there are no significant difference.As can be seen here: add 1.6 ~ 3.2% rubber seed oils in feed to carp Protein utilization without obvious negative effect, but when addition reaches 4.8%, carp Protein utilization obviously declines.
Table 6, embodiment carp blood plasma and liver oxidation resistance index result
Note: the different alphabetical person of colleague's shoulder note, significant difference (P<0.05).
As shown in Table 6: use the carp that embodiment 1 ~ 4 feed is fed, its Plasma SOD, alkaline phosphatase and catalase activity and liver antioxidative activities there are no significant difference, and generally to feed group higher than embodiment 5 feed; Use the carp that embodiment 1 ~ 5 feed is fed, its peroxide plasma enzyme, glutathione peroxidase, antioxidative activities and liver glutathione peroxidase and peroxidase activity there are no significant difference; Use the carp that embodiment 1 ~ 4 feed is fed, its plasma malonaldehyde content is starkly lower than embodiment 5 feed and feeds group.As can be seen here: add 1.6 ~ 4.8% rubber seed oils in feed and carp oxidation resistance is had no adverse effects; But when additive capacity reaches 6.4%, carp oxidation resistance declines to some extent.
In sum, 1.6 ~ 4.8% rubber seed oils are added in feed to carp each side physiological function without obvious harmful effect; Especially add 1.6 ~ 3.2% rubber seed oil best results, but when addition reaches 4.8 ~ 6.4%, carp growth performance, efficiency of feed utilization and oxidation resistance etc. decline all to some extent.Therefore, in carp feed, rubber seed oil broiler diets is 1.6 ~ 3.2%.
There are the ground such as Hainan, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi and Fujian in China's natural rubber producing region, mainly concentrates on Hainan, south of Yunnan, the Lezhou Peninsula, Guangdong.According to Association of Natural Rubber Producing Countries (ANRPC) statistics, Natural Rubber Industry in China cultivated area about 1,710 ten thousand mu in 2013, wherein about 7,360,000 mu, Hainan, about 7,150,000 mu, Yunnan, about 680,000 mu, Guangdong.By the 1000 kilograms of calculating of per hectare rubber forest products seed, seed 1,140,000 tons can be gathered in the crops every year, after shelling oil expression, rubber seed oil 350,000 tons can be produced.
China is the country that feed resource is in short supply, and shortage and the skyrocketing of price of fish oil resource seriously constrain the fast development of culture fishery.Therefore, suitable alternative fats source is found imperative.Vegetable oil stablizes supply, relatively low content of dioxin, higher availability and the comparatively advantage such as high unsaturated fatty acid content because of tool, has become the fish oil replacer of great potential.Relative to other plant oil, rubber seed oil is rich in the physiological function that leukotrienes has reducing blood lipid.
The present invention is in a rational scope, take full advantage of the accessory substance-rubber seed oil in ruber plantation, as the fat source in carp feed, part replaces fish oil, and saved this feed fat in short supply of fish oil, feed has no adverse effects to the every physiological function of carp, simultaneously, reduce formulation cost and feed coefficient, there is higher cost performance, improve carp culture benefit.
The content that the present invention is described by embodiment, without departing from the present invention, various conversion and equivalent replacement can also be carried out to patent of the present invention, therefore, patent of the present invention is not limited to disclosed specific implementation process, and should comprise the whole embodiments fallen within the scope of Patent right requirement of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the application of rubber seed oil in compound feed for carps, it is characterized in that: utilize rubber seed oil part to replace fish oil and make an addition in compound feed for carps, described mixed feed comprises fish meal, dregs of beans, Cottonseed Meal, rapeseed dregs, corn protein powder, secondary powder, rubber seed oil, fish oil, soybean lecithin, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, vitamin C phosphoric ester, Choline Chloride, ethoxyquinoline, mineral substance premix, vitamin premix, wherein the percentage by weight of various raw material is: fish meal 3 ~ 7%, dregs of beans 25 ~ 30%, Cottonseed Meal 6 ~ 10%, rapeseed dregs 13 ~ 17%, corn protein powder 6 ~ 10%, secondary powder 20 ~ 27%, rubber seed oil 1.6 ~ 4.8%, fish oil 1.6 ~ 4.8%, soybean lecithin 0.3 ~ 0.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.7 ~ 1.2%, vitamin C phosphoric ester 0.02 ~ 0.05%, Choline Chloride 0.1 ~ 0.3%, ethoxyquinoline 0.01 ~ 0.03%, mineral substance premix 0.5 ~ 1.0%, vitamin premix 0.5 ~ 1.0%, the percentage by weight sum of all raw materials is 100%.
2. the application of a kind of rubber seed oil according to claim 1 in compound feed for carps, it is characterized in that: described mixed feed comprises fish meal, dregs of beans, Cottonseed Meal, rapeseed dregs, corn protein powder, secondary powder, rubber seed oil, fish oil, soybean lecithin, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, vitamin C phosphoric ester, Choline Chloride, ethoxyquinoline, mineral substance premix, vitamin premix, wherein the percentage by weight of various raw material is: fish meal 3 ~ 7%, dregs of beans 25 ~ 30%, Cottonseed Meal 6 ~ 10%, rapeseed dregs 13 ~ 17%, corn protein powder 6 ~ 10%, secondary powder 21 ~ 27%, rubber seed oil 1.6 ~ 3.2%, fish oil 3.2 ~ 4.8%, soybean lecithin 0.3 ~ 0.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.7 ~ 1.2%, vitamin C phosphoric ester 0.02 ~ 0.05%, Choline Chloride 0.1 ~ 0.3%, ethoxyquinoline 0.01 ~ 0.03%, mineral substance premix 0.5 ~ 1.0%, vitamin premix 0.5 ~ 1.0%, the percentage by weight sum of all raw materials is 100%.
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| CN201510172363.8A CN104719678B (en) | 2015-04-13 | 2015-04-13 | Application and its formula of a kind of rubber seed oil in compound feed for carps |
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| CN201510172363.8A CN104719678B (en) | 2015-04-13 | 2015-04-13 | Application and its formula of a kind of rubber seed oil in compound feed for carps |
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| CN104719678B CN104719678B (en) | 2017-11-07 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109007324A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2018-12-18 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of fish feed ready-mixed oil with anti-oxidation function |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103300256A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-09-18 | 云南农业大学 | Application of rubber seedcake to cyprinus carpio mixed feed and formula of feed |
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2015
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103300256A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-09-18 | 云南农业大学 | Application of rubber seedcake to cyprinus carpio mixed feed and formula of feed |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| E.NWOKOLO等: "橡胶籽油作为养鸡饲料的利用", 《热带作物译丛》 * |
| 赵红霞等: "动植物脂肪源替代鱼油对鱼类影响的研究", 《饲料工业》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109007324A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2018-12-18 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of fish feed ready-mixed oil with anti-oxidation function |
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Granted publication date: 20171107 Termination date: 20210413 |