CN104719678B - Application and its formula of a kind of rubber seed oil in compound feed for carps - Google Patents
Application and its formula of a kind of rubber seed oil in compound feed for carps Download PDFInfo
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- CN104719678B CN104719678B CN201510172363.8A CN201510172363A CN104719678B CN 104719678 B CN104719678 B CN 104719678B CN 201510172363 A CN201510172363 A CN 201510172363A CN 104719678 B CN104719678 B CN 104719678B
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- feed
- seed oil
- rubber seed
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- carp
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of application of rubber seed oil in compound feed for carps and its formula, belong to technical field of aquaculture.Made an addition to using rubber seed oil part substitution fish oil in compound feed for carps, the percentage by weight of various raw materials is in mixed feed：Fish meal 3~7%, dregs of beans 25~30%, Cottonseed Meal 6~10%, rapeseed dregs 13~17%, corn protein powder 6~10%, wheat-middlings 20~27%, rubber seed oil 1.6~4.8%, fish oil 1.6~4.8%, soybean lecithin 0.3~0.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.7~1.2%, vitamin C phosphoric ester 0.02~0.05%, Choline Chloride 0.1~0.3%, ethoxyquinoline 0.01~0.03%, mineral substance premix 0.5~1.0%, vitamin premix 0.5~1.0%；The percentage by weight sum of all raw materials is 100%.The present invention makes full use of rubber seed oil as the fat source in carp feed, has saved fish oil this feed fat in short supply, and mixed feed has no adverse effects to carp, simultaneously, formulation cost and feed coefficient are reduced, with higher cost performance, carp culture benefit is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of compound feed for carps, and in particular to a kind of rubber seed oil is in compound feed for carps
Using and its formula, belong to technical field of aquaculture.
Background technology
Fish oil is the high-quality fat source of aquatic feeds.At present, global fish oil yield keeps relative stability, and aquatic feeds work
Industry is but being constantly increasing to the demand of fish oil.2010, the ratio that global fish oil is used for aquatic feeds reached 88%.In recent years
Come, the fast development of culture fishery causes fish oil consumption to sharply increase, and fish oil holds at high price, to aquatic feeding enterprise and
Culture fishery causes huge pressure.Due to two of possible savings in fish oil resource-constrained and luxus consumption, and fish oil
The reason such as Evil English and Polychlorinated biphenyls and price, culture fishery is in the urgent need to substituting the fish in aquatic feeds using other fat sources
Oil.
Rubber seed oil (wherein oleic acid 24%, linoleic acid 36%, leukotrienes 20%) containing unrighted acid more than 80%, rubber
Glue seed oil fatty digestibility more than 98%, is a kind of potential feed fat source with very high nutritive value, it may be considered that will
Its as fish oil substitute.
In the prior art, patent CN101186834A relates to the use of the production method that rubber seed oil prepares biodiesel, but
It is not to be related to rubber seed oil as feed fat source；Document is related to rubber seed oil as the utilization of poultry feed, but is not related to rubber
Glue seed oil substitutes the ratio and effect of other fat sources, and various animals especially terrestrial homeothermal animal and aquatic poikilotherm
Between, the utilization ratio to rubber seed oil exists given in notable difference, existing formula to go out as feed fat preparation aquatic products feeding
The dosage of material is extremely unreasonable, it is impossible to the need for meeting aquaculture.Therefore, it is necessary to probe into variety classes fish feed
The utilization ratio of rubber seed oil and its suitable dosage, fully to develop this high-quality feed oil resource.
Especially, in aquaculture, carp (Cyprinus carpio) is used as the important cultivation fingerling of China, 2013
Year cultured output accounts for the 10.95% of freshwater fish culturing yield, ranks the 3rd up to 289.7 ten thousand tons.Carp is ominivore-fish, its
Mixed feed it is main using the conventional feed such as fish oil, soya-bean oil grease as primary fat source (CN102038116B,
CN103168972A).In recent years, the conventional feed such as fish oil, soya-bean oil grease price continuous rise, drastically increase feed into
This, reduces carp culture benefit.
Therefore, try to explore to develop novel fodder grease to reduce the conventional feed grease usage amount such as fish oil, soya-bean oil,
It is to improve carp culture benefit, ensures a kind of effective way of carp culture industry sustainable development.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides application and its formula of a kind of rubber seed oil in compound feed for carps, this
Invention takes full advantage of accessory substance-rubber seed oil in ruber plantation, is used as carp feed in a rational scope
In fat source, substitution fish oil in part saved fish oil this feed fat in short supply, mixed feed is to the every physiological function of carp
Have no adverse effects, meanwhile, reduction formulation cost and feed coefficient, with higher cost performance, improve carp culture benefit.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention：Added using rubber seed oil part substitution fish oil
It is added in compound feed for carps.
A kind of compound feed for carps containing rubber seed oil include fish meal, dregs of beans, Cottonseed Meal, rapeseed dregs, corn protein powder,
Wheat-middlings, rubber seed oil, fish oil, soybean lecithin, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, vitamin C phosphoric ester, Choline Chloride, ethoxyquinoline, ore deposit
Material premix, vitamin premix, wherein the percentage by weight of various raw materials is：Fish meal 3~7%, dregs of beans 25~30%, cotton
The seed dregs of rice 6~10%, rapeseed dregs 13~17%, corn protein powder 6~10%, wheat-middlings 20~27%, rubber seed oil 1.6~4.8%,
Fish oil 1.6~4.8%, soybean lecithin 0.3~0.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.7~1.2%, vitamin C phosphoric ester 0.02~
0.05%th, Choline Chloride 0.1~0.3%, ethoxyquinoline 0.01~0.03%, mineral substance premix 0.5~1.0%, dimension life
Plain premix 0.5~1.0%；The percentage by weight sum of all raw materials is 100%.
Preferably, the percentage by weight of various raw materials is in the mixed feed：Fish meal 3~7%, dregs of beans 25~
30%th, Cottonseed Meal 6~10%, rapeseed dregs 13~17%, corn protein powder 6~10%, wheat-middlings 21~27%, rubber seed oil 1.6
~3.2%, fish oil 3.2~4.8%, soybean lecithin 0.3~0.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.7~1.2%, vitamin C phosphoric acid
Ester 0.02~0.05%, Choline Chloride 0.1~0.3%, ethoxyquinoline 0.01~0.03%, mineral substance premix 0.5~
1.0%th, vitamin premix 0.5~1.0%；The percentage by weight sum of all raw materials is 100%.
Soybean lecithin, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, Choline Chloride, vitamin C phosphoric ester, ethoxyquin in the mixed feed
Quinoline, mineral substance premix, vitamin premix are added according to the proportioning of conventional feed.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The present invention takes full advantage of the pair in ruber plantation in a rational scope
Product-rubber seed oil is as the fat source in carp feed, part substitution fish oil, has saved fish oil this feed fat in short supply,
Mixed feed has no adverse effects to the every physiological function of carp, meanwhile, reduction formulation cost and feed coefficient, with higher property
Valency ratio, improves carp culture benefit.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further details, to facilitate the technical staff to understand.But this hair
It is bright to be not limited to these embodiments.
Embodiment：
Using fish meal, dregs of beans, Cottonseed Meal, rapeseed dregs and corn protein powder as forage protein source, rubber seed oil, fish oil and big
Beans lecithin is as fat source, according to conventional feed mix proportion scheme, has prepared 5 kinds and has waited the energy feed such as nitrogen (as shown in table 1), its
In, rubber seed oil is not added with the feed of embodiment 1, as a control group；Rubber seed oil addition is 1.6 in the feed of embodiment 2~5
~6.4% to substitute fish oil.
Table 1, embodiment feed formula (% dry matter basis)
Note：Mineral substance premix (g/kg)：MgSO4·7H2O, 180；KI, 1；FeSO4·H2O, 260；ZnSO4·H2O,
180；CuSO4·5H2O, 25；Na2Se2O3, 0.01；MnSO4·H2O, 180；CoCl2·6H2O, 0.75；Vitamin premix (g/
kg)：Vitamin A, 2；Vitamin D3, 0.03；Vitamin E, 30；Vitamin K, 3；Thiamine hydrochloride, 8；Riboflavin, 11；Hydrochloric acid pyrrole
Tremble alcohol, 8；Vitamin B12, 0.02；Ascorbic acid, 50；Folic acid, 1；Biotin, 0.1；Nicotinic acid, 30；Calcium pantothenate, 32；Inositol, 25.
All feedstuffs are crushed by pulverizer, and all cross 60 mesh sieves, by all feedstuffs crushed by table 1
Other raw materials in addition to rubber seed oil, fish oil and soybean lecithin are well mixed by feed formula, then add rubber seed oil, fish
Oil and soybean lecithin (being first dissolved in fish oil), are well mixed, finally adding about 30% distilled water forms mash feed
Hard group, is placed in pelleter and feed is squeezed into diameter 3.0mm strip, and drying 12 is small in 40 DEG C of convection ovens
When, its moisture is down to 10% or so.After testing, the nutritional ingredient of the various embodiments of the present invention feed formula such as institute of table 2
Show.
Table 2, embodiment feed nutrient
After culture experiment terminates, stop feeding 24h, weigh every barrel of fish body gross weight and record fish body number, calculate carp life
Long rate and survival rate.In addition, the tissue sample such as collection carp blood, small intestine and liver, and analyze measure small intestine digestive enzyme activity,
Protein metabolism and oxidation resistance index.The analysis test of each index is using the maturation method used in research both at home and abroad.
All numerical value are represented as average value ± standard errorUsing one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), work as treatment group
Between there is significant difference (P<0.05) when, examined with Tukey ' s and carry out Multiple range test analysis.
Table 3~6 gives test data and result of the test.
Table 3, embodiment carp growth results of property
Note：Shoulder of going together notes different alphabetical persons, significant difference (P<0.05).
As shown in Table 3：The carp fed using the feed of embodiment 1~2, its end weight, body weight gains and the equal nothing of daily gain coefficient
Significant difference, and it is significantly higher than the feed feeding group of embodiment 3~5；The carp fed using the feed of embodiment 1~3, its feed
Efficiency and protein efficiency ratio, PER there are no significant difference, but the generally higher than feed feeding group of embodiment 4~5.As can be seen here：In feed
1.6~3.2% rubber seed oils of addition have no adverse effects to carp feed utilization rate；When addition reaches 4.8%, carp growth
Performance and efficiency of feed utilization are suppressed.
Table 4, embodiment carp small intestine digestive enzyme activity result
Note：Shoulder of going together notes different alphabetical persons, significant difference (P<0.05).
As shown in Table 4：The carp fed using the feed of embodiment 1~5, its small entero-amylase and liver fat enzymatic activity are equal
There was no significant difference；The carp fed using the feed of embodiment 1~3, its liver amylase activity is substantially less than the feed of embodiment 5
Feeding group.As can be seen here：1.6~6.4% rubber seed oils are added in feed to have no adverse effects to carp small intestine digestive enzyme activity.
Table 5, embodiment carp blood plasma and hepatic protein related-metabolism index result
Note：Shoulder of going together notes different alphabetical persons, significant difference (P<0.05).
As shown in Table 5：The carp fed using the feed of embodiment 1~2, its Plasma Urea nitrogen level is substantially less than embodiment
3~4 feed feeding groups；The carp fed using the feed of embodiment 2~3, its liver gpt activity is significantly higher than other
Embodiment feed feeding group；The carp fed using the feed of embodiment 1~5, its plasma aspartate aminotransferase and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and
Liver glutamic-oxalacetic transaminease activity, blood plasma total amino acid, ammonia nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus content there are no significant difference.As can be seen here：In feed
When 1.6~3.2% rubber seed oils of addition reach 4.8% to carp Protein utilization without obvious negative effect, but addition,
Carp Protein utilization is decreased obviously.
Table 6, embodiment carp blood plasma and liver oxidation resistance index result
Note：Shoulder of going together notes different alphabetical persons, significant difference (P<0.05).
As shown in Table 6：The carp fed using the feed of embodiment 1~4, its Plasma SOD, alkaline phosphatase
Enzyme and catalase activity and liver antioxidative activities there are no significant difference, and the generally higher than feed feeding group of embodiment 5；
The carp fed using the feed of embodiment 1~5, its peroxide plasma enzyme, glutathione peroxidase, antioxidative activities and liver
Dirty glutathione peroxidase and peroxidase activity there are no significant difference；The carp fed using the feed of embodiment 1~4
Fish, its plasma malonaldehyde content is significantly lower than the feed feeding group of embodiment 5.As can be seen here：1.6~4.8% rubbers are added in feed
Glue seed oil has no adverse effects to carp oxidation resistance；But when additive capacity reaches 6.4%, carp oxidation resistance under
Drop.
In summary, 1.6~4.8% rubber seed oils are added in feed to carp each side physiological function without obvious bad shadow
Ring；1.6~3.2% rubber seed oil best results are especially added, but when addition reaches 4.8~6.4%, carp growth
Energy, efficiency of feed utilization and oxidation resistance etc. have declined.Therefore, rubber seed oil broiler diets are 1.6 in carp feed
~3.2%.
There are the ground such as Hainan, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi and Fujian in China's natural rubber producing region, is concentrated mainly on Hainan, Yunnan
South, the Guangdong Lezhou Peninsula.According to Association of Natural Rubber Producing Countries (ANRPC) statistics, Natural Rubber Industry in China kind in 2013
Plant 17,100,000 mu or so of area, wherein about 7,360,000 mu of Hainan, about 7,150,000 mu of Yunnan, about 680,000 mu of Guangdong.By per hectare rubber
The 1000 kilograms of calculating of forest products seed, can harvest 1,140,000 tons of seed, 350,000 tons of rubber seed oil can be produced after shelling oil expression every year.
China is feed resource country in short supply, and the skyrocketing of the shortage of fish oil resource and price seriously constrains aquatic products and supported
Grow the fast development of industry.Therefore, suitable alternative fats source is found imperative.Vegetable oil is because of the stable supply of tool, relatively low
Content of dioxin, compared with high available and compared with high unsaturated fatty acid content the advantages of, it has also become the fish oil of great potential is replaced
Dai Zhe.Relative to other plant oil, rubber seed oil has the physiological function of reducing blood lipid rich in leukotrienes.
The present invention takes full advantage of accessory substance-rubber seed oil in ruber plantation in a rational scope, makees
For the fat source in carp feed, substitution fish oil in part has saved fish oil this feed fat in short supply, and feed is raw to carp items
Reason function has no adverse effects, meanwhile, formulation cost and feed coefficient are reduced, with higher cost performance, carp is improved and supports
Grow benefit.
The content that the present invention is illustrated by embodiment, without departing from the present invention, can also be to this
Patent of invention carries out various conversion and equivalent replacement, therefore, patent of the present invention are not limited to disclosed specific implementation process, and
The whole embodiments fallen into scope of the patent claims of the present invention should be included.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of application of rubber seed oil in compound feed for carps, it is characterised in that：Replace fish oil using rubber seed oil part
Make an addition in compound feed for carps, the mixed feed include fish meal, dregs of beans, Cottonseed Meal, rapeseed dregs, corn protein powder, wheat-middlings,
Rubber seed oil, fish oil, soybean lecithin, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, vitamin C phosphate, Choline Chloride, ethoxyquinoline, mineral matter
Premix, vitamin premix, wherein the percentage by weight of various raw materials is：Fish meal 3~7%, dregs of beans 25~30%, Cottonseed Meal 6
~10%, rapeseed dregs 13~17%, corn protein powder 6~10%, wheat-middlings 21~27%, rubber seed oil 1.6~3.2%, fish oil 3.2~
4.8%th, soybean lecithin 0.3~0.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.7~1.2%, vitamin C phosphoric ester 0.02~0.05%, chlorination courage
Alkali 0.1~0.3%, ethoxyquinoline 0.01~0.03%, mineral substance premix 0.5~1.0%, vitamin premix 0.5~
1.0%；The percentage by weight sum of all raw materials is 100%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510172363.8A CN104719678B (en) | 2015-04-13 | 2015-04-13 | Application and its formula of a kind of rubber seed oil in compound feed for carps |
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| CN201510172363.8A CN104719678B (en) | 2015-04-13 | 2015-04-13 | Application and its formula of a kind of rubber seed oil in compound feed for carps |
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| CN104719678A CN104719678A (en) | 2015-06-24 |
| CN104719678B true CN104719678B (en) | 2017-11-07 |
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