CN109007324A - A kind of fish feed ready-mixed oil with anti-oxidation function - Google Patents
A kind of fish feed ready-mixed oil with anti-oxidation function Download PDFInfo
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- CN109007324A CN109007324A CN201810732123.2A CN201810732123A CN109007324A CN 109007324 A CN109007324 A CN 109007324A CN 201810732123 A CN201810732123 A CN 201810732123A CN 109007324 A CN109007324 A CN 109007324A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of fish feed ready-mixed oil with anti-oxidation function, belongs to technical field of aquaculture.Replace fish oil using rubber seed oil part, addition lycopene is configured to feed ready-mixed oil, the weight percent of various raw materials are as follows: rubber seed oil 1.0~96.7%, fish oil 1.0~96.7%, soybean lecithin 3.2~6.5%, lycopene 0.1~0.2%；The sum of weight percent of all ready-mixed oil raw materials is 100%, and n-3:n-6 unsaturated fatty acid ratio is 0.7~3.1:1 in the feed ready-mixed oil；The present invention makes full use of the by-product rubber seed oil in ruber plantation, as the fat source substitution part soybean oil or fish oil in fish feed, has saved soybean oil or fish oil this feed fat in short supply, has reduced fish feed cost；And n-3/n-6 unsaturated fatty acid ratio is suitable in the feed ready-mixed oil prepared, and meets fish to the needs of the essential fatty acids such as linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid, improves aquatic products quality；And the shortcomings that adding lycopene in feed ready-mixed oil as natural, not only overcoming this high-quality feed fat source of rubber seed oil, but also sufficiently release the biological antioxidant activity of lycopene.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of feed ready-mixed oils, and in particular to a kind of fish feed ready-mixed oil with anti-oxidation function,
Belong to technical field of aquaculture.
Background technique
Under normal circumstances, fish itself can synthesize n-7 and n-9 series unsaturated fatty acid, but cannot synthesize n-3 and n-6
Serial unsaturated fatty acid.Therefore, n-3, n-6 series unsaturated fatty acid are the essential fatty acid of fish；N-3 series insatiable hunger
With fatty acid using alpha-linolenic acid as representative, n-6 series unsaturated fatty acid is using linoleic acid as representative, these unsaturated fatty acid fishes
Body itself cannot synthesize, it is necessary to absorb from feed.Alpha-linolenic acid can derive eicosapentaenoic acid in freshwater fish body
(EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).
Fish oil is common high-quality fat source in aquatic feeds commercial sources and fresh water fish feed.N-6 series in fish oil
Unsaturated fatty acid content is 10-20%, n-3 series unsaturated fatty acid 35-45%, is a kind of typically rich in n-3 insatiable hunger
With the grease of fatty acid.However, fish oil consumption increasingly increases severely, valence with the fast development of culture fishery and feed industry
Lattice are sharply increased, and the usage amount in aquatic feeds is gradually restricted.Further, since the raw material of fish oil mostlys come from
Marine fishes, in fish body may heavy metal and organic pollutant containing high concentration, so fish oil materials safety there is
Certain risk.Therefore, the vegetable oil of abundance and relative low price is commonly used in current aquatic feeds to substitute fish oil,
In with soybean oil using most commonly seen.N-6 series unsaturated fatty acid (linoleic acid) content is 50-60%, n-3 system in soybean oil
Column unsaturated fatty acid (alpha-linolenic acid) 5-9%, linoleic acid content are much larger than linolenic acid, are a kind of typically rich in n-6 insatiable hunger
With the grease of fatty acid.In recent years, soybean oilconsumption increasingly increases severely, and price is sharply increased, the use in aquatic feeds
Amount is gradually restricted.Therefore, how to be had become using more cheap, good grease substitution fish oil, soybean oil for aquatic products
One of the hot spot of feed industry research.
Rubber seed is a kind of unique woody oleiferous plants, virgin rubber seed fat content about 20%, rubber seed fat content
For 46-50%, grease unsaturated fatty acid content is up to 80% or more.In the fatty acid composition of rubber seed oil, n-3 series is not
Saturated fatty acid (alpha-linolenic acid) content is up to 18-20%, is 3-4 times of soybean oil and rapeseed oil；N-6 series unsaturated fat
Sour (linoleic acid) content is 34-38%, and n-3/n-6 ratio is 1/2, is a kind of wood for being typically rich in n-3 unsaturated fatty acid
This oil plant (is shown in Table 1).Rubber seed is that a kind of larger stock number, cultivated area and yield are only second to walnut and tea seed in China
Woody oleiferous plants.About 930,000 tons of China's rubber seed annual output in 2013, about 700,000 tons of Yunnan Province's rubber seed annual output；Meanwhile Yunnan
The resource in the whole world 2/3rds has been concentrated in Lancang Mekong River basin where saving, produces 6400000 tons of rubber seed per year.With walnut
It compares, rubber seed is more suitable for deep processing liquefaction, and walnut is most directly edible, is only used for liquefaction on a small quantity；Compared with tea seed,
Rubber seed resource is more concentrated, it is easier to be industrialized, scale processing and utilization.Rubber seed oil is both that the most abundant n-3 is not in the world
Saturated fatty acid source, and n-3 unsaturated fatty acid source most cheap in the world.Therefore, rubber seed oil is a kind of potential
Feed fat source, it may be considered that as the substitute of fish oil, soybean oil.
Table 1, fish oil, soybean oil, rubber seed oil main fatty acid composition
In the prior art, patent CN104719637A, CN104719678A, CN104719679A relates to the use of rubber seed oil
Glyceride stock as fish feed.However, being rich in unsaturated fatty acid in rubber seed oil, the intake of high-content rubber seed oil is easily led
It causes grease/feed oxide rotten, generates the harmful substances such as aldehyde, ketone.In addition, oxidation grease/feed feeds fish, fish can be hindered
Growth；Cause muscular atrophy, muscle fibre fall into disarray, and transparent and pellet degradation occurs；The mobility of biomembrane is reduced, in turn
Destroy the integrality of membrane structure；Cause liver enlargement and necrosis of liver cells.Therefore, the additionization generally in grease/feed
Antioxidant (such as ethoxyquinoline) is learned to prevent or slow down the oxidation reaction of grease.However, research confirms ethoxyquinoline etc.
Chemical antioxidants have certain side effect to fish immunity, and the feed containing ethoxyquinoline, which is used for a long time, can make fish body premunition
Decline.In addition, ethoxyquinoline can be entered in animal body by feed, metabolite-ethoxyquinoline quinone has heredity poison
Property.Therefore, on 2 6th, 2017, EU Committee notified, and implementing regulations draft is paused at all animal feeds and is added
Ethoxyquinoline is used in agent.Therefore, safe and reliable natural is found to have a very important significance.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of fish feed ready-mixed oil with anti-oxidation function, the present invention exist
In one reasonable range, by-product-rubber seed oil in ruber plantation is made full use of, as the fat in fish feed
Source substitutes part soybean oil, fish oil, has saved this feed fat in short supply of soybean oil, fish oil, has reduced fish meal cost；And match
The feed ready-mixed oil n-3/n-6 unsaturated fatty acid ratio of system is suitable for that both having met fish must to linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid etc.
The needs of fatty acid are needed, and improve aquatic products quality；And lycopene is added in feed ready-mixed oil as natural anti-oxidation
Agent, the shortcomings that overcoming this high-quality feed fat source of rubber seed oil, sufficiently discharge the biological antioxidant activity of lycopene, also
The oxidation resistance and immunity of fish are enhanced, and then improves feed cost performance and culture efficiency.
To achieve the goals above, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
Replace soybean oil or fish oil using rubber seed oil part and add lycopene and is configured to feed ready-mixed oil.
A kind of fish feed ready-mixed oil with anti-oxidation function, including rubber seed oil, fish oil, soybean lecithin, tomato
Red pigment, wherein the weight percent of various raw materials are as follows: rubber seed oil 1.0~96.7%, fish oil 1.0~96.7%, soybean lecithin
Rouge 3.2~6.5%, lycopene 0.1~0.2%；The sum of weight percent of all ready-mixed oil raw materials is 100%, the feed
N-3:n-6 unsaturated fatty acid ratio is 0.7~3.1:1 in ready-mixed oil.
Lycopene (Lycopene) is also known as ψ-carrotene, belongs to isoprenoid compound, is natural
It is a kind of.
Lycopene is by physics and chemical mode quenching singlet oxygen or captures peroxylradicals, and lycopene can also
Eliminating oxyradical by the chemical reaction of the active oxygen with other forms, (such as hydrogen peroxide, nitrite anions oxidation is free
Base).The effect of lycopene removing free radical, outclass other carotenoid and vitamin E, and singlet-oxygen quenching rate is normal
Number is 100 times of vitamin E.Currently, lycopene is most one of the powerful antioxidant being found in natural plant, can apply
In feed addictive.
Lycopene is a kind of liposoluble substance, needs to be dissolved in base oil, and quality quality is directly related to tomato
The effect of red pigment, plays and total quality.
Lycopene can effectively remove the intracorporal free radical of animal, keep cell eubolism, improve the antioxygen of animal
Change ability and immunity of organisms.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) by-product-rubber seed oil in ruber plantation is made full use of, as the fat source substitution portion in fish feed
Point soybean oil, fish oil have saved soybean oil or fish oil this feed fat in short supply, have reduced fish feed cost；
(2) the feed ready-mixed oil n-3/n-6 unsaturated fatty acid ratio prepared be suitable for both met fish to linoleic acid and
The needs of the essential fatty acids such as alpha-linolenic acid, and improve aquatic products quality；
(3) lycopene is added in ready-mixed oil as natural, both overcomes this high-quality feed of rubber seed oil
The shortcomings that fat source, but sufficiently release lycopene biological antioxidant activity, also enhance fish oxidation resistance and
Immunity, and then improve feed cost performance and fish culture benefit.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the technical solution in the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that institute
The embodiment of description is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention,
Every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts, belongs to this hair
The range of bright protection.
Embodiment one
Using dregs of beans as forage protein source, soybean oil, rubber seed oil, soybean lecithin and lycopene/ethoxyquinoline
The mixed feed ready-mixed oil of preparation has prepared the energy such as 6 kinds of equal nitrogen feed (such as according to conventional feed mix proportion scheme as fat source
Shown in table 2), wherein it is not added with rubber seed oil in 1 feed of example, as a control group；Rubber seed oil adds in 2~5 feed of example
Amount, to substitute soybean oil, is configured to the feed ready-mixed oil of the unsaturated fatty acid of n-3/n-6 containing different proportion for 1.4~5.4%.It is real
Lycopene is added in 1~5 feed of example as antioxidant, using ethoxyquinoline as antioxidant in 6 feed of example.
Table 2, each example feed formula (% dry matter basis)
Note: mineral substance premix (g/kg): MgSO4·7H2O, 180；KI, 1；FeSO4·H2O, 260；ZnSO4·H2O,
180；CuSO4·5H2O, 25；Na2Se2O3, 0.01；MnSO4·H2O, 180；CoCl2·6H2O, 0.75；Vitamin premix (g/
Kg): vitamin A, 2；Vitamin D3, 0.03；Vitamin E, 30；Vitamin K, 3；Thiamine hydrochloride, 8；Riboflavin, 11；Hydrochloric acid pyrrole
It trembles alcohol, 8；Vitamin B12, 0.02；Ascorbic acid, 50；Folic acid, 1；Biotin, 0.1；Niacin, 30；Calcium pantothenate, 32；Inositol, 25.
All feedstuffs are crushed by pulverizer, and all cross 60 meshes, by all feedstuffs crushed by table 2
Feed formula by addition to the feed ready-mixed oil that soybean oil, rubber seed oil, soybean lecithin and lycopene are prepared other are former
Material is uniformly mixed, and soybean oil, rubber seed oil, soybean lecithin and lycopene/ethoxyquinoline (soybean lecithin is then added
It is first dissolved in soybean oil/rubber seed oil with lycopene/ethoxyquinoline), it is uniformly mixed, finally adds about 30% distillation
Water makes mash feed form hard group, is placed in pelleter and feed is squeezed into the strip of diameter 1.0mm, and in 40 DEG C of air blast
It is 12 hours dry in baking oven, so that its moisture content is down to 12% or less.Through detecting, the nutritional ingredient such as table of each example feed formula
Shown in 3.
Table 3, each example feed nutrient
Test is the same a collection of seed of artificial culture with grass carp, is provided by certain local farm.Before test, grass carp first uses quotient
Industry feed supports 2 weeks temporarily to adapt to breeding environment.Grass carp fasting is for 24 hours before on-test.Select (about 5.8g) uniform in size, physique strong
Strong grass carp is randomly assigned in 18 breeding barrels (6 test process groups, every group of 3 repetitions), every barrel of 40 tail fishes.Sooner or later daily
Bait throwing in 2 times (07:00,18:00), up to the level of being satiated with food.Breeding water be aeration dechlorination tap water, using circulation water system,
The circulatory system is using mechanical and biological filter media, and with ultraviolet lamp disinfection, water flow velocity 10L/min.Test carries out 10 weeks altogether, whole
It is all made of continuous oxygenation, natural lighting, water temperature for 24 hours during a culture experiment and remains at 22~26 DEG C.
After culture experiment, stop feeding for 24 hours, weigh every barrel of fish body gross weight and record fish body number, it is raw to calculate grass carp
Long rate and survival rate.In addition, the tissue samples such as acquisition Blood of Ctenopharyngodon, enteron aisle and liver, and analyze measurement digestive ferment, resistance to oxidation
With the indexs such as immunity.The analysis test of each index is all made of maturation method used in research both at home and abroad.All equal tables of numerical value
It is shown as average value ± standard errorUsing one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), when there are conspicuousnesses between processing group
When difference (P < 0.05), Multiple range test analysis (example 1~5) is carried out with Tukey ' s inspection.Comparative analysis antioxygen is examined using T
Agent group difference.
Table 4~6 is test data and test result.
Table 4, each example Growth of Grass Carps Ctenopharyngodon Idellus results of property
Note: colleague's shoulder infuses different letter persons, significant difference (P < 0.05)；Indicate that T examines difference between example 3 and 6 groups of example
Significantly.
As shown in Table 4: the grass carp fed using 1~3 feed of example, end weight, body weight gains and daily gain coefficient are without aobvious
Write sex differernce；The grass carp fed using 2 feed of example, feed coefficient are substantially less than 3~5 feed feeding group of example；Use reality
The grass carp of 1~2 feed of example feeding, protein efficiency ratio, PER are significantly higher than 3~5 feed feeding group of example.In feed addition 1.4~
2.7% rubber seed oil is to Growth of Grass Carps Ctenopharyngodon Idellus performance and efficiency of feed utilization without obvious negative effect.
Again 1~5 feed of comparison example feeding grass carp data, it can be found that 2 feed feeding group feed coefficient of example and
Protein efficiency ratio, PER is substantially better than other example feed feeding groups.When rubber seed oil additive amount is 1.4%, (n-3:n-6 is unsaturated
Fatty acid=1:4.3), effect is best.
In addition, as shown in Table 4, the grass carp fed using 3 feed of example and is ingested at last weight, body weight gains, daily gain coefficient
Rate is all remarkably higher than 6 feed feeding group of example.Antioxidant of the lycopene as feed ready-mixed oil improves Growth of Grass Carps Ctenopharyngodon Idellus
Energy effect is substantially better than ethoxyquinoline.
Table 5, each example grass carp intestinal digestive enzyme activity result
Note: colleague's shoulder infuses different letter persons, significant difference (P < 0.05)；Indicate that T examines difference between example 3 and 6 groups of example
Significantly.
As shown in Table 5: with the raising of rubber seed oil substitution soybean oil ratio in feed, grass carp intestinal trypsase and rouge
Fat enzymatic activity is in downward trend after first rising；The grass carp fed using 2~4 feed of example, enteron aisle tryptic activity
Obviously higher than 1 feed feeding group of example, wherein with 3 feed feeding group highest of example；The grass fed using 1~3 feed of example
Fish, intestinal fat enzymatic activity are apparently higher than 4~5 feed feeding group of example, wherein with 2 feed feeding group highest of example.It uses
The grass carp of 1 feed of example feeding, small entero-amylase and Disacchridase Activities are significantly higher than 2~5 feed feeding group of example.In feed
1.4~2.7% rubber seed oils are added to grass carp intestinal trypsase and lipase active without obvious negative effect；But work as additive amount
When reaching 5.4%, grass carp intestinal digestive enzyme activity is inhibited by certain.
The grass carp data of 1~3 feed of comparison example feeding again, it can be found that 2~3 feed feeding group enteron aisle pancreas egg of example
White enzymatic activity is apparently higher than 1 feed feeding group of example；2 feed feeding group intestinal fat enzymatic activity of example is apparently higher than the feeding of example 1
Expect feeding group.When rubber seed oil additive amount is 1.4%~2.7% (n-3:n-6 unsaturated fatty acid=1:3.2~4.3), grass
Fish enteron aisle trypsase and lipase active highest.
In addition, as shown in Table 5, the grass carp fed using 3 feed of example, enteron aisle trypsase and lipase active are significant
Higher than 6 feed feeding group of example；Enteron aisle Disacchridase Activities are apparently higher than 6 feed feeding group of example.Lycopene is as feed tune
With the antioxidant of oil, improves grass carp intestinal digestive enzyme activity effect and be substantially better than ethoxyquinoline.
Table 6, each example grass carp plasma antioxidant capacity index result
Note: colleague's shoulder infuses different letter persons, significant difference (P < 0.05)；Indicate that T examines difference between example 3 and 6 groups of example
Significantly.
As shown in Table 6: with the raising of rubber seed oil substitution soybean oil ratio in feed, grass carp blood plasma IgM level and mistake
Oxide enzyme and antioxidative activities activity are in the trend being gradually increasing；Wherein, the grass carp of 4~5 feed of example feeding, blood plasma
IgM level and peroxidase and antioxidative activities activity are significantly higher than 1 feed feeding group of example.The feeding of the feed of example 3 and 5
Grass carp, peroxide plasma activity are significantly higher than example 1,2 and 4 feed feeding groups.Conversely, the grass carp of 1 feed of example feeding,
Its plasma glutathione peroxidase activity is significantly higher than other example feed feeding groups.Except Plasma Glutathione peroxide
1.4~5.4% rubber seed oils are added other than enzyme, in feed to grass carp resistance to oxidation and immunity without obvious negative effect.
The grass carp data of 1~5 feed of comparison example feeding again, it can be found that 2~5 feed feeding group blood plasma IgM of example
Horizontal and peroxide plasma enzyme, catalase and antioxidative activities activity are obviously higher than 1 feed feeding group of example.Work as rubber
Glue seed oil additive amount be 1.4%~5.4% when (n-3:n-6 unsaturated fatty acid=1:2.4~4.3), grass carp resistance to oxidation and
Immunity significantly improves.
In addition, as shown in Table 6, using the grass carp of 3 feed of example feeding, blood plasma IgM content and catalase, peroxide
Compound enzyme and antioxidative activities activity are significantly higher than 6 feed feeding group of example.Lycopene is anti-oxidant as feed ready-mixed oil
Agent improves grass carp oxidation resistance effect and is substantially better than ethoxyquinoline.
Disappear in conclusion adding 1.4~2.7% rubber seed oils in feed to Growth of Grass Carps Ctenopharyngodon Idellus performance, efficiency of feed utilization, enteron aisle
Change enzymatic activity, blood plasma resistance to oxidation and immunity index without obvious adverse effect；And when additive amount is 1.4~2.7%, grass carp
Enteron aisle trypsase and lipase active, blood plasma resistance to oxidation and immunity index are improved；But when additive amount reaches 5.4%
When, Growth of Grass Carps Ctenopharyngodon Idellus performance, efficiency of feed utilization and Activity of Digestive Enzymes in Intestine are decreased obviously.Therefore, rubber seed oil is suitable in feed of grass carp
Suitable additive amount is 1.4~2.7%, and n-3:n-6 unsaturated fatty acid ratio is 1:3.2~4.3 in feed of grass carp ready-mixed oil.Relatively
In ethoxyquinoline, lycopene is added in feed of grass carp ready-mixed oil as antioxidant, Growth of Grass Carps Ctenopharyngodon Idellus performance, enteron aisle digestion
Enzymatic activity, blood plasma resistance to oxidation and immunity are obviously improved.
In conjunction with grass carp physiological property, for Growth of Grass Carps Ctenopharyngodon Idellus performance, efficiency of feed utilization, Activity of Digestive Enzymes in Intestine, blood plasma antioxygen
Change power and immunity to be designed, replace soybean oil using rubber seed oil part and add lycopene be configured to it is a kind of have it is anti-
The feed of grass carp ready-mixed oil of oxidative function.It can make full use of by-product-rubber seed oil in ruber plantation, as grass carp
Fat source in feed substitutes part soybean oil, has saved this feed fat in short supply of soybean oil, has reduced feed of grass carp cost.
Meanwhile n-3/n-6 unsaturated fatty acid ratio is suitable in the feed ready-mixed oil prepared of the present invention, has both met grass carp to linoleic acid
With the needs of the essential fatty acids such as alpha-linolenic acid, and aquatic products quality is improved.Lycopene is added in ready-mixed oil as day
Right antioxidant, the shortcomings that not only having overcome this high-quality feed fat source of rubber seed oil, but also sufficiently release the life of lycopene
Object antioxidant activity also enhances the oxidation resistance and immunity of grass carp, and then improves feed cost performance and grass carp cultivation
Benefit.
Embodiment two
Using fish meal, corn protein powder, dregs of beans, rapeseed dregs as forage protein source, fish oil, rubber seed oil, soybean lecithin
The mixed feed ready-mixed oil prepared with lycopene/ethoxyquinoline is prepared as fat source according to conventional feed mix proportion scheme
6 kinds of equal nitrogen etc. can feed (as shown in table 7), wherein is not added with rubber seed oil in 1 feed of example, as a control group；Example 2
Rubber seed oil additive amount is 1.3~5.2% to substitute fish oil in~5 feeds, is configured to the unsaturated lipid of n-3/n-6 containing different proportion
The feed ready-mixed oil of fat acid.Lycopene is added in 1~5 feed of example as antioxidant, with ethoxyquin in 6 feed of example
Quinoline is as antioxidant.
Table 7, each example feed formula (% dry matter basis)
Note: mineral substance premix (g/kg): MgSO4·7H2O, 180；KI, 1；FeSO4·H2O, 260；ZnSO4·H2O,
180；CuSO4·5H2O, 25；Na2Se2O3, 0.01；MnSO4·H2O, 180；CoCl2·6H2O, 0.75；Vitamin premix (g/
Kg): vitamin A, 2；Vitamin D3, 0.03；Vitamin E, 30；Vitamin K, 3；Thiamine hydrochloride, 8；Riboflavin, 11；Hydrochloric acid pyrrole
It trembles alcohol, 8；Vitamin B12, 0.02；Ascorbic acid, 50；Folic acid, 1；Biotin, 0.1；Niacin, 30；Calcium pantothenate, 32；Inositol, 25.
All feedstuffs are crushed by pulverizer, and all cross 60 meshes, by all feedstuffs crushed by table 7
Feed formula is by other raw materials in addition to the feed ready-mixed oil that fish oil, rubber seed oil, soybean lecithin and lycopene are prepared
It is uniformly mixed, fish oil, rubber seed oil, soybean lecithin and lycopene/(soybean lecithin and lycopene are first molten is then added
In fish oil/rubber seed oil), it is uniformly mixed, finally adding about 30% distilled water makes mash feed form hard group, is placed in
Feed is squeezed into the strip of diameter 1.0mm, and 12 hours dry in 40 DEG C of convection ovens in grain fodder machine, contains its moisture
Amount is down to 12% or less.Through detecting, the nutritional ingredient of each example feed formula is as shown in table 8.
Table 8, each example feed nutrient
Test is the same a collection of seed of artificial culture with Tilapia mossambica, is provided by certain local farm.Before test, Tilapia mossambica is first
Support 2 weeks temporarily with commercial feed to adapt to breeding environment.Tilapia mossambica fasting is for 24 hours before on-test.Select (about 1.9g) uniform in size,
Physically fit Tilapia mossambica is randomly assigned in 18 breeding barrels (6 test process groups, every group of 3 repetitions), every barrel of 30 tail fishes.
Daily morning and evening bait throwing in 2 times (07:00,18:00), up to the level of being satiated with food.Breeding water is the tap water of aeration dechlorination, using being circulated throughout
Filter system, the circulatory system is using mechanical and biological filter media.Test carries out 8 weeks altogether, is all made of for 24 hours during entire culture experiment
Continuous oxygenation, natural lighting, water temperature remain at 27~29 DEG C.
After culture experiment, stop feeding for 24 hours, weigh every barrel of fish body gross weight and record fish body number, calculates Tilapia mossambica
Growth rate and survival rate.In addition, the tissue samples such as acquisition Tilapia mossambica blood, enteron aisle and liver, and analyze measurement digestive ferment, antioxygen
Change the indexs such as power and immunity.The analysis test of each index is all made of maturation method used in research both at home and abroad.All numerical value
It is represented as average value ± standard errorIt is aobvious when existing between processing group using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)
When writing sex differernce (P < 0.05), Multiple range test analysis is carried out with Tukey ' s inspection.Comparative analysis antioxidant group is examined using T
Between difference.
Table 9~11 is test data and test result.
Table 9, each example Growth Op Tilapia results of property
Note: colleague's shoulder infuses different letter persons, significant difference (P < 0.05)；Indicate that T examines difference between example 3 and 6 groups of example
Significantly.
As shown in Table 9: the Tilapia mossambica fed using 1~5 feed of example, last weight, daily gain coefficient, are ingested at body weight gains
Rate, feed coefficient and protein efficiency ratio, PER there are no significant difference.It is raw to Tilapia mossambica that 1.3~5.2% rubber seed oils are added in feed
Long performance and efficiency of feed utilization are without obvious negative effect.
The Tilapia mossambica data of 1~5 feed of comparison example feeding again, it can be found that 2 feed feeding group Tilapia mossambica end of example
Weight, body weight gains, daily gain coefficient and protein efficiency ratio, PER are apparently higher than 1 feed feeding group of example；2 feed feeding group feed system of example
Number is significantly lower than 1 feed feeding group of example.It can be seen that: (the n-3:n-6 unsaturated lipid when rubber seed oil additive amount is 1.3%
Fat acid=1:0.52), effect is best.
In addition, as shown in Table 9, the Tilapia mossambica fed using 3 feed of example, last weight, body weight gains, daily gain coefficient and egg
White matter efficiency is all remarkably higher than 6 feed feeding group of example；Conversely, 3 feed feeding group feed coefficient of example is substantially less than the feeding of example 6
Expect feeding group.Antioxidant of the lycopene as feed ready-mixed oil improves the Growth Op Tilapia impact of performance and is substantially better than second
Phenoxyl quinoline.
Table 10, each example Tilapia mossambica Activity of Digestive Enzymes in Intestine result
Note: colleague's shoulder infuses different letter persons, significant difference (P < 0.05)；Indicate that T examines difference between example 3 and 6 groups of example
Significantly.
As shown in Table 10: with the raising of rubber seed oil substitution fish oil ratio in feed, Tilapia mossambica enteron aisle trypsase, rouge
Fat enzyme, amylase and Disacchridase Activities are integrally in downward trend after first rising；The Tilapia mossambica fed using 1 feed of example,
Enteron aisle trypsase, lipase and amylase activity are compared with 3~5 feed feeding group of example without significant difference；Its enteron aisle disaccharides
Enzymatic activity is significantly higher than 3~5 feed feeding group of example.1.3~5.2% rubber seed oils are added in feed to Tilapia mossambica enteron aisle pancreas egg
White enzyme, lipase and amylase activity are without obvious negative effect.
The Tilapia mossambica data of 1~5 feed of comparison example feeding again, it can be found that 2 feed feeding group enteron aisle pancreas egg of example
White enzyme, lipase and amylase activity are apparently higher than 1 feed feeding group of example.When rubber seed oil additive amount is 1.3% (n-3:
N-6 unsaturated fatty acid=1:0.52), Tilapia mossambica enteron aisle trypsase, lipase and amylase activity highest.
In addition, as shown in Table 10, using the Tilapia mossambica of 3 feed of example feeding, enteron aisle trypsase and lipase active
It is significantly higher than 6 feed feeding group of example.Antioxidant of the lycopene as feed ready-mixed oil improves the digestion of Tilapia mossambica enteron aisle
Enzymatic activity effect is substantially better than ethoxyquinoline.
Table 11, each example Tilapia mossambica plasma antioxidant capacity index result
Note: colleague's shoulder infuses different letter persons, significant difference (P < 0.05)；Indicate that T examines difference between example 3 and 6 groups of example
Significantly.
As shown in Table 11: the Tilapia mossambica fed using 1~5 feed of example, blood plasma IgM, catalase, peroxide
Enzyme and activity of glutathione peroxidase there are no significant difference.The Tilapia mossambica of 1 feed of example feeding, Plasma Glutathione
Reductase activity is significantly higher than other embodiments feed feeding group.As rubber seed oil substitutes the raising of fish oil ratio in feed,
Plasma Nitric Oxide and mda content are in the trend risen after falling before；Wherein, the Tilapia mossambica of 3 feed of example feeding,
Plasma nitric oxide level is minimum；The Tilapia mossambica of 2 feed of example feeding, plasma malonaldehyde content are minimum.
The Tilapia mossambica fed using 1~5 feed of example, liver catalase and peroxidase activity and malonaldehyde
Content there are no significant difference.With the raising of rubber seed oil substitution fish oil ratio in feed, liver glutathione reductase is living
Property in the trend that is gradually reduced.The Tilapia mossambica of 1~4 feed of example feeding, liver antioxidative activities activity are substantially less than example 5
Feed feeding group.1.3~3.9% rubber seed oils are added in feed to Tilapia mossambica resistance to oxidation and immunity without obvious negative shadow
It rings；But add resistance to oxidation and immunity that 5.2% rubber seed oil obviously inhibits Tilapia mossambica.
The Tilapia mossambica data of 1~5 feed of comparison example feeding again, it can be found that 2~3 feed feeding group blood plasma one of example
Nitrogen oxide and mda content are significantly lower than 1 feed feeding group of embodiment.When rubber seed oil additive amount is 1.3%~2.6%
(n-3:n-6 unsaturated fatty acid=1:0.52~0.75), Tilapia mossambica resistance to oxidation and immunity are improved.
In addition, as shown in Table 11, using the Tilapia mossambica of 3 feed of example feeding, Plasma Nitric Oxide and mda content
Substantially less than 6 feed feeding group of example；Conversely, 3 feed feeding group liver glutathione reductase of example and antioxidative activities are living
Property is significantly higher than 6 feed feeding group of example.It is anti-oxidant to improve Tilapia mossambica for antioxidant of the lycopene as feed ready-mixed oil
Ability effect is substantially better than ethoxyquinoline.
In conclusion adding 1.3~2.6% rubber seed oils in feed to Growth Op Tilapia performance, efficiency of feed utilization, enteron aisle
Digestive enzyme activity, blood plasma resistance to oxidation and immunity index are without obvious adverse effect；And when additive amount is 1.3%, Tilapia mossambica
Growth performance, efficiency of feed utilization, enteron aisle trypsase, lipase and amylase activity, blood plasma resistance to oxidation index are improved；
But when additive amount reaches 5.2%, Tilapia mossambica total antioxidant capacity is decreased obviously.Therefore, rubber seed oil is suitable in tilapia feed
Suitable additive amount is 1.3~2.6%, and n-3:n-6 unsaturated fatty acid ratio is 1:0.52~0.75 in tilapia feed ready-mixed oil.
Relative to ethoxyquinoline, lycopene is added in tilapia feed ready-mixed oil as antioxidant, Growth Op Tilapia performance,
Activity of Digestive Enzymes in Intestine, anti-oxidation function are obviously improved.
Embodiment three
Using fish meal, dregs of beans and rapeseed dregs as forage protein source, fish oil, rubber seed oil, soybean lecithin and lycopene/
The mixed feed ready-mixed oil that ethoxyquinoline is prepared has prepared 6 kinds and has waited nitrogen etc. as fat source according to conventional feed mix proportion scheme
Energy feed (as shown in table 12), wherein be not added with rubber seed oil in 1 feed of example, as a control group；Rubber in 2~5 feed of example
Glue seed oil additive amount is 2.68~10.72% to substitute fish oil, is configured to the feeding of the unsaturated fatty acid of n-3/n-6 containing different proportion
Expect ready-mixed oil.Lycopene is added in 1~5 feed of example and is used as antioxidant, using ethoxyquinoline as resisting in 6 feed of example
Oxidant.
Table 12, embodiment feed formula (% dry matter basis)
Note: mineral substance premix (g/kg): MgSO4·7H2O, 180；KI, 1；FeSO4·H2O, 260；ZnSO4·H2O,
180；CuSO4·5H2O, 25；Na2Se2O3, 0.01；MnSO4·H2O, 180；CoCl2·6H2O, 0.75；Vitamin premix (g/
Kg): vitamin A, 2；Vitamin D3, 0.03；Vitamin E, 30；Vitamin K, 3；Thiamine hydrochloride, 8；Riboflavin, 11；Hydrochloric acid pyrrole
It trembles alcohol, 8；Vitamin B12, 0.02；Ascorbic acid, 50；Folic acid, 1；Biotin, 0.1；Niacin, 30；Calcium pantothenate, 32；Inositol, 25.
All feedstuffs are crushed by pulverizer, and all cross 60 meshes, by all feedstuffs crushed by table
12 feed formulas will except the feed ready-mixed oil that fish oil, rubber seed oil, soybean lecithin and lycopene/ethoxyquinoline are prepared with
Other outer raw materials are uniformly mixed, and it is (big that fish oil, rubber seed oil, soybean lecithin and lycopene/ethoxyquinoline is then added
Beans lecithin and lycopene/ethoxyquinoline are first dissolved in fish oil/rubber seed oil), it is uniformly mixed, finally adds about
30% distilled water makes mash feed form hard group, is placed in pelleter and feed is squeezed into the strip of diameter 1.0mm, and
It is 12 hours dry in 40 DEG C of convection ovens, so that its moisture content is down to 12% or less.Through detecting, the nutrition of each example feed formula
Ingredient is as shown in table 13.
Table 13, each example feed nutrient
Test is the same a collection of seed of artificial culture with mystus nemurus, is provided by certain local farm.Before test, mystus nemurus is first
Support 2 weeks temporarily with commercial feed to adapt to breeding environment.Mystus nemurus fasting is for 24 hours before on-test.Select it is uniform in size (about
2.14g), physically fit mystus nemurus is randomly assigned in 18 breeding barrels (6 test process groups, every group of 3 repetitions), every barrel
40 tail fishes.Daily morning and evening bait throwing in 2 times (07:00,18:00), up to the level of being satiated with food.Breeding water is the tap water of aeration dechlorination, is adopted
With circulation water system, the circulatory system is using mechanical and biological filter media, and with ultraviolet lamp disinfection, water flow velocity 10L/min.Examination
Total progress 10 weeks is tested, continuous oxygenation, natural lighting, water temperature for 24 hours are all made of during entire culture experiment and remains at 27~29
℃。
After culture experiment, stop feeding for 24 hours, weigh every barrel of fish body gross weight and record fish body number, calculates mystus nemurus
Growth rate and survival rate.In addition, the acquisition tissue samples such as mystus nemurus enteron aisle and liver, and analyze measurement digestive ferment and resistance to oxidation
Etc. indexs.The analysis test of each index is all made of maturation method used in research both at home and abroad.All numerical value are represented as average
Value ± standard errorUsing one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), when between processing group there are significant difference (P <
0.05) when, Multiple range test analysis is carried out with Tukey ' s inspection.Comparative analysis antioxidant group difference is examined using T.
Table 14~16 is test data and test result.
Table 14, each example mystus nemurus growth performance result
Note: colleague's shoulder infuses different letter persons, significant difference (P < 0.05)；Indicate that T examines difference between example 3 and 6 groups of example
Significantly.
As shown in Table 14: the mystus nemurus fed using 2 feed of example, end weight, body weight gains and daily gain coefficient are significantly high
In other example feed feeding groups；The mystus nemurus fed using 1~5 feed of example, grazing rate, feed coefficient and protein effect
Rate there are no significant difference.2.68~10.72% rubber seed oils are added in feed to mystus nemurus growth performance and efficiency of feed utilization
Without negative effect；And when rubber seed oil additive amount is 2.68% (n-3:n-6 unsaturated fatty acid=2.2:1), effect is best.
In addition, as shown in Table 14, the mystus nemurus fed using 3 feed of example, end weight, body weight gains and daily gain coefficient are equal
It is significantly higher than 6 feed feeding group of example.Antioxidant of the lycopene as feed ready-mixed oil improves mystus nemurus growth performance
Effect is substantially better than ethoxyquinoline.
Table 15, each example mystus nemurus Activity of Digestive Enzymes in Intestine result
Note: colleague's shoulder infuses different letter persons, significant difference (P < 0.05)；Indicate that T examines difference between example 3 and 6 groups of example
Significantly.
As shown in Table 15: with the raising of rubber seed oil substitution fish oil ratio in feed, mystus nemurus enteron aisle leucine aminopeptidase peptide
Enzymatic activity is in downward trend after first rising；Wherein, the mystus nemurus fed using 2~4 feed of example, enteron aisle leucine aminopeptidase peptide
Enzymatic activity is obviously higher than 1 feed feeding group of example.The mystus nemurus fed using 1~5 feed of example, enteron aisle trypsase,
Amylase and Disacchridase Activities there are no significant difference.2.68~10.72% rubber seed oils are added in feed to mystus nemurus enteron aisle
Digestive enzyme activity is without obvious negative effect.
The mystus nemurus data of 1~5 feed of comparison example feeding again, it can be found that 2~4 feed feeding group enteron aisle of example disappears
Change enzymatic activity and is apparently higher than 1 feed feeding group of example.(the n-3:n-6 insatiable hunger when rubber seed oil additive amount is 2.68~8.04%
With fatty acid=1.1~2.2:1), mystus nemurus Activity of Digestive Enzymes in Intestine highest.
In addition, as shown in Table 15, using the mystus nemurus of 3 feed of example feeding, enteron aisle trypsase and leucine aminopeptidase peptide
Enzymatic activity is significantly higher than 6 feed feeding group of example.Antioxidant of the lycopene as feed ready-mixed oil improves mystus nemurus intestines
Road digestive enzyme activity effect is substantially better than ethoxyquinoline.
Table 16, each example mystus nemurus plasma antioxidant capacity index result
Note: colleague's shoulder infuses different letter persons, significant difference (P < 0.05)；Indicate that T examines difference between example 3 and 6 groups of example
Significantly.
As shown in Table 16: in feed rubber seed oil substitution fish oil ratio raising, mystus nemurus liver alkaline phosphatase,
Glutathione peroxidase and antioxidative activities activity are in downward trend after first rising；Wherein, 2~3 feed of example is raised
The mystus nemurus fed, liver alkaline phosphatase activities are significantly higher than example 1,4 and 5 feed feeding groups；The silk of 2 feed of example feeding
Tail Of-digestive-tract, liver activity of glutathione peroxidase are significantly higher than example 1,4 and 5 feed feeding groups；The feeding of 4 feed of example
Mystus nemurus, liver antioxidative activities activity are significantly higher than the feed feeding group of example 1 and 2.With in feed, rubber seed oil is substituted
The raising of fish meal ratio, mystus nemurus liver catalase and peroxidase activity are in the trend being gradually increasing；Wherein, real
The mystus nemurus of 1 feed of example feeding, liver catalase and peroxidase activity are substantially less than the feeding of 1~3 feed of example
Group.The mystus nemurus fed using 1~5 feed of example, Liver Superoxide Dismutase Activity and the equal nothing of glutathione reductase activity
Significant difference.It can be seen that: 2.68~10.72% rubber seed oils are added in feed to mystus nemurus resistance to oxidation without obvious negative
It influences.
The mystus nemurus data of 1~5 feed of comparison example feeding again, it can be found that 2~4 feed feeding group liver of example is anti-
Oxidizing force index is apparently higher than 1 feed feeding group of example.When rubber seed oil additive amount is 2.68~8.04%, (n-3:n-6 is not
Saturated fatty acid=1.1~2.2:1), mystus nemurus resistance to oxidation significantly improves.
In addition, as shown in Table 16, the mystus nemurus fed using 3 feed of example, blood plasma catalase, peroxide
Enzyme, glutathione peroxidase and antioxidative activities activity are significantly higher than 6 feed feeding group of example.Lycopene is as feed
The antioxidant of ready-mixed oil improves mystus nemurus oxidation resistance effect and is substantially better than ethoxyquinoline.
In conclusion in feed add 2.68~10.72% rubber seed oils to mystus nemurus growth performance, efficiency of feed utilization,
Activity of Digestive Enzymes in Intestine and liver resistance to oxidation index are without obvious adverse effect；And when additive amount is 2.68~8.04%, silk
Tail Of-digestive-tract growth performance, Activity of Digestive Enzymes in Intestine and liver resistance to oxidation index are improved.Therefore, rubber seed in mystus nemurus feed
Oily broiler diets are 2.68~8.04%, in mystus nemurus feed ready-mixed oil n-3:n-6 unsaturated fatty acid ratio be 1.1~
2.2:1.Relative to ethoxyquinoline, lycopene is added in mystus nemurus feed ready-mixed oil as antioxidant, mystus nemurus is raw
Long performance, Activity of Digestive Enzymes in Intestine, anti-oxidation function are obviously improved.
Example IV
Using fish meal, dregs of beans, soy protein concentrate, rapeseed dregs, Cottonseed Meal and rubber seedcake as forage protein source, fish oil/
The mixed feed ready-mixed oil that rubber seed oil, soybean lecithin, ethoxyquinoline/lycopene are prepared is as fat source, according to normal
Advise forage compounding scheme, having prepared 6 kinds of equal nitrogen etc. can feed (as shown in table 17), wherein 1~3 feed of example using fish oil as
Primary fat source；4~6 feed of example is using rubber seed oil as primary fat source；It is not added with antioxidant in example 1 and 4, as
Control group；Ethoxyquinoline is added in the feed of example 2 and 5 as antioxidant；Lycopene is added in the feed of example 3 and 6 to make
For antioxidant.
Table 17, example feed formula (% dry matter basis)
Note: mineral substance premix (g/kg): MgSO4·7H2O, 180；KI, 1；FeSO4·H2O, 260；ZnSO4·H2O,
180；CuSO4·5H2O, 25；Na2Se2O3, 0.01；MnSO4·H2O, 180；CoCl2·6H2O, 0.75；Vitamin premix (g/
Kg): vitamin A, 2；Vitamin D3, 0.03；Vitamin E, 30；Vitamin K, 3；Thiamine hydrochloride, 8；Riboflavin, 11；Hydrochloric acid pyrrole
It trembles alcohol, 8；Vitamin B12, 0.02；Ascorbic acid, 50；Folic acid, 1；Biotin, 0.1；Niacin, 30；Calcium pantothenate, 32；Inositol, 25.
All feedstuffs are crushed by pulverizer, and all cross 60 meshes, by all feedstuffs crushed by table
17 feed formulas will except the feed ready-mixed oil that fish oil/rubber seed oil, soybean lecithin, ethoxyquinoline/lycopene are prepared with
Other outer raw materials are uniformly mixed, and it is (big that fish oil/rubber seed oil, soybean lecithin, ethoxyquinoline/lycopene is then added
Beans lecithin, ethoxyquinoline/lycopene are first dissolved in fish oil/rubber seed oil), it is uniformly mixed, finally adds about
30% distilled water makes mash feed form hard group, is placed in pelleter and feed is squeezed into the strip of diameter 2.0mm, and
It is 12 hours dry in 40 DEG C of convection ovens, so that its moisture content is down to 12% or less.Through detecting, the nutrition of each example feed formula
Ingredient is as shown in table 18.
Table 18, each example feed nutrient
Test is the same a collection of seed of artificial culture with rainbow trout, is provided by certain local farm.Before test, rainbow trout first uses quotient
Industry feed supports 2 weeks temporarily to adapt to breeding environment.Rainbow trout fasting is for 24 hours before on-test.Select (about 29.4g) uniform in size, physique
Healthy and strong rainbow trout, is randomly assigned in 18 aquaculture net cages (6 test process groups, every group of 3 repetitions), every 30 tail fish of net cage.Often
Its morning and evening bait throwing in 2 times (07:00,18:00), up to the level of being satiated with food.Breeding water is the tap water of aeration dechlorination, using circulating filtration
System, the circulatory system is using mechanical and biological filter media.Test carries out 10 weeks altogether, is all made of for 24 hours during entire culture experiment
Continuous oxygenation, natural lighting, water temperature remain at 16~18 DEG C.
After culture experiment, stop feeding for 24 hours, weigh every barrel of fish body gross weight and record fish body number, it is raw to calculate rainbow trout
Long rate and survival rate.In addition, the tissue samples such as acquisition rainbow trout blood, enteron aisle and liver, and analyze measurement digestive ferment, resistance to oxidation
With the indexs such as immunity.The analysis test of each index is all made of maturation method used in research both at home and abroad.All equal tables of numerical value
It is shown as average value ± standard errorUsing one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), when there are conspicuousnesses between processing group
When difference (P < 0.05), Multiple range test analysis is carried out with Tukey ' s inspection.
Table 19~21 is test data and test result.
Table 19, each example rainbow trout growth results of property
Note: colleague's shoulder infuses different letter persons, significant difference (P < 0.05).
As shown in Table 19: the rainbow trout fed using 1~2 feed of example, end weight, body weight gains and daily gain coefficient are without aobvious
Write sex differernce；3 feed feeding group rainbow trout end weight of example, body weight gains and daily gain coefficient are apparently higher than 1 feed feeding group of example；It is real
2~3 feed feeding group feed coefficient of example and protein efficiency ratio, PER are significantly better than 1 feed feeding group of example；Use 4~6 feed of example
The rainbow trout of feeding, end weight, body weight gains and daily gain coefficient there are no significant difference；5~6 feed feeding group feed coefficient of example
4 feed feeding group of example is substantially better than with protein efficiency ratio, PER.Antioxidant is added in feed to be conducive to improve efficiency of feed utilization, and
Addition lycopene effect is substantially better than ethoxyquinoline.
The rainbow trout data of 1~6 feed of comparison example feeding again, it can be found that 3 feed feeding group rainbow trout end of example weight, body
Weight gain, daily gain coefficient, feed coefficient and protein efficiency ratio, PER are apparently higher than 2 feed feeding group of example；6 feed feeding group rainbow of example
Trout end weight, body weight gains, daily gain coefficient, feed coefficient and protein efficiency ratio, PER are apparently higher than 5 feed feeding group of example.Lycopene
Improve rainbow trout growth performance and efficiency of feed utilization effect is substantially better than ethoxyquinoline.
Table 20, each example rainbow trout Activity of Digestive Enzymes in Intestine result
Note: colleague's shoulder infuses different letter persons, significant difference (P < 0.05).
As shown in Table 20: the rainbow trout fed using 1~3 feed of example, pepsin and intestines lipase active are without aobvious
Write sex differernce；1 feed feeding group rainbow trout enteron aisle amylase of example and Disacchridase Activities are apparently higher than 2~3 feed group of example；It uses
The rainbow trout of 4~6 feed of example feeding, intestines lipase and Disacchridase Activities there are no significant difference；6 feed feeding group rainbow of example
Trout pepsin and amylase activity are apparently higher than 4~5 feed group of example.Lycopene is added in rubber seed oil feed obviously to change
It has been apt to rainbow trout Activity of Digestive Enzymes in Intestine.
Table 21, each example rainbow trout plasma antioxidant capacity index result
Note: colleague's shoulder infuses different letter persons, significant difference (P < 0.05).
As shown in Table 21: the rainbow trout fed using 1~3 feed of example, blood plasma lysozyme, superoxide dismutase, mistake
That there are no significant is poor for hydrogen oxide enzyme, alkaline phosphatase, lactic dehydrogenase and antioxidative activities activity and content of nitric oxide activity
It is different；1 feed feeding group rainbow trout peroxide plasma enzyme of example and activity of glutathione peroxidase are substantially less than example 2~3
Feed feeding group；1~2 feed feeding group rainbow trout Plasma Glutathione reductase activity of example is substantially less than the feeding of 3 feed of example
Group；1~2 feed feeding group rainbow trout plasma malonaldehyde content of example is significantly higher than 3 feed feeding group of example.It is raised using example 4~6
Expect the rainbow trout of feeding, Plasma SOD, catalase, peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase and lactic dehydrogenase
Enzymatic activity and content of nitric oxide activity there are no significant difference；4 feed feeding group rainbow trout blood plasma lysozyme of example, glutathione
Peroxidase, glutathione reductase and antioxidative activities activity are slightly below 5 feed feeding group of example, but substantially less than example
6 feed feeding groups；4 feed feeding group rainbow trout plasma malonaldehyde content of example is slightly above 5 feed feeding group of example, but is significantly higher than
6 feed feeding group of example.
The rainbow trout fed using 1~3 feed of example, liver catalase, peroxidase, lactic dehydrogenase and total
Resistance to oxidation active there are no significant difference；1~2 feed feeding group rainbow trout liver lysozyme of example and glutathione reduction
Enzymatic activity is significantly lower than 3 feed feeding group of example；2 feed feeding group liver glutathione peroxidase of example and alkaline phosphatase
Enzymatic activity is significantly higher than the feed feeding group of example 1 and 3；The rainbow trout fed using 4~6 feed of example, liver peroxidase,
Glutathione peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase and antioxidative activities active there are no significant difference；4~5 feed of example
Feeding group rainbow trout liver lysozyme and glutathione reductase activity are significantly lower than 6 feed feeding group of example；The feeding of 5 feed of example
Group liver catalase and lactic acid dehydrogenase activity are apparently higher than the feed feeding group of example 4 and 6.Antioxidant is added in feed
(ethoxyquinoline or lycopene) is conducive to improve rainbow trout resistance to oxidation and immunity；And lycopene improves rainbow trout antioxygen
Change power and immunity effect is substantially better than ethoxyquinoline.
Be conducive to improve rainbow trout in conclusion adding 0.02% antioxidant (ethoxyquinoline or lycopene) in feed
Growth performance, efficiency of feed utilization, resistance to oxidation and immunity；And biological anti-oxidant-lycopene improvement is substantially better than
Chemical antioxidants-ethoxyquinoline.Therefore, add in rainbow trout feed (no matter with fish oil or using rubber seed oil as fat source)
Adding 0.02% lycopene to significantly facilitate improves rainbow trout growth performance, efficiency of feed utilization, Activity of Digestive Enzymes in Intestine and anti-oxidant
Power.
Finally, it is stated that preferred embodiment above is only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and not to limit it, although logical
It crosses above preferred embodiment the present invention is described in detail, however, those skilled in the art should understand that, can be
Various changes are made to it in form and in details, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of fish feed ready-mixed oil with anti-oxidation function according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Fish feed ready-mixed oil with anti-oxidation function includes rubber seed oil, fish oil, soybean lecithin, lycopene, wherein various
The weight percent of raw material are as follows: rubber seed oil 1.0~96.7%, fish oil 1.0~96.7%, soybean lecithin 3.2~6.5%, tomato
Red pigment 0.1~0.2%；The sum of weight percent of all ready-mixed oil raw materials is 100%, n-3:n-6 insatiable hunger in the feed ready-mixed oil
It is 0.7~3.1:1 with fatty acid proportion.
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| CN107259216A (en) | 2017-10-20 |
| CN107259216B (en) | 2018-09-14 |
| CN109007324B (en) | 2021-08-03 |
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