CN104718386B - 由介质润滑的轴承 - Google Patents

由介质润滑的轴承 Download PDF

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CN104718386B
CN104718386B CN201380052697.0A CN201380052697A CN104718386B CN 104718386 B CN104718386 B CN 104718386B CN 201380052697 A CN201380052697 A CN 201380052697A CN 104718386 B CN104718386 B CN 104718386B
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bearing
sacrificial anode
race ring
medium
lubricated
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CN104718386A (zh
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尼科·基希霍夫
克里斯蒂安·舒尔特-内勒
托马斯·勒舍
鲁珀特·斯蒂青格
伊琳娜·苏斯克
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/52—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/005—Anodic protection
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
    • C23F13/10—Electrodes characterised by the structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
    • C23F13/18—Means for supporting electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
    • C23F13/20—Conducting electric current to electrodes
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    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/62—Selection of substances
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6637—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6637—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
    • F16C33/6688—Lubricant compositions or properties, e.g. viscosity
    • F16C33/6692—Liquids other than oil, e.g. water, refrigerants, liquid metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C17/12—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement characterised by features not related to the direction of the load
    • F16C17/14—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement characterised by features not related to the direction of the load specially adapted for operating in water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C17/12—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement characterised by features not related to the direction of the load
    • F16C17/24—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement characterised by features not related to the direction of the load with devices affected by abnormal or undesired positions, e.g. for preventing overheating, for safety
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/16—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with a single row of balls
    • F16C19/163—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with a single row of balls with angular contact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2202/00—Solid materials defined by their properties
    • F16C2202/30—Electric properties; Magnetic properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2202/00—Solid materials defined by their properties
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    • F16C2202/32—Conductivity
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    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
    • F16C2204/50—Alloys based on zinc
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    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2210/00—Fluids
    • F16C2210/10—Fluids water based
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    • F16C2300/00—Application independent of particular apparatuses
    • F16C2300/40—Application independent of particular apparatuses related to environment, i.e. operating conditions
    • F16C2300/42—Application independent of particular apparatuses related to environment, i.e. operating conditions corrosive, i.e. with aggressive media or harsh conditions
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    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7816—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material

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  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种由介质润滑的轴承、尤其是滚动轴承或滑动轴承，其包括两个轴承圈(1、2)、分别布置在相应的轴承圈(1、2)上的轴承滚道(3、4)和牺牲阳极(6)，该牺牲阳极配属于两个轴承圈中的至少一个(1)。任务是：给出一种具有牺牲阳极的由介质润滑的轴承，并且牺牲阳极对该轴承的运行特性影响不大，该任务根据本发明通过如下方式来解决，即，将牺牲阳极(6)布置在构造于轴承圈(1、2)之间的轴承内部(7)之外；并且牺牲阳极(6)与轴承内部(7)导电连接。

Description

由介质润滑的轴承
技术领域
本发明涉及一种由介质润滑的轴承。
背景技术
在实践中公知有所谓的由介质润滑的轴承，其由包围轴承的液态的周围介质穿过并且尤其是也被润滑。周围介质尤其可以是电解质、特别是水、尤其是盐水，只要没有为轴承圈设置特定的耐腐蚀的材料(但在其应用中价格昂贵)，那么盐水就会基于其氯离子导致对轴承的轴承圈的材料的腐蚀。尤其是在盐水中的滚动轴承钢会遭受腐蚀、特别是点蚀，在该点蚀的过程中，只要没有实施适当的抗腐蚀措施，尤其是滚动轴承的轴承滚道，即滚动轴承的滚动体的滚动滚道在短时间内就会受损。
在实践中，原则上公知的是，会遭受腐蚀的构件作为待保护的构件与由在电化学上更有活性的材料构成的牺牲阳极导电连接，从而使牺牲阳极的材料代替构件的材料被腐蚀以及溶解。
WO 2009/135482 A2描述了一种构造为以水、尤其是以盐水来介质润滑的滚动轴承的轴承作为最后一个实施例(图10)，该轴承具有两个轴承圈和分别布置在相应的轴承圈上的、设计为用于滚动体的滚动滚道的轴承滚道，其中，在两个轴承圈之间限定出轴承中间空间，该轴承中间空间由内轴承圈的靠外的周侧面和外轴承圈的靠内的周侧面限定。牺牲阳极分别配属于两个轴承圈中的每一个，其中，相应的牺牲阳极作为环形构件在限定出轴承中间空间的彼此指向的周侧面上容纳在相应的槽中，从而使相应的牺牲阳极紧邻要保护的轴承滚道，也就是滚动体的相应的滚动面。在此不利的是，在例如可以由锌构成的牺牲阳极由腐蚀导致被溶解时，在滚道附近形成作为所谓的白锈的产物、例如氢氧化锌，并且该产物可以局部地在滚道上沉积。此外不利的是，在滚动轴承的运行中消耗的牺牲阳极只能很耗费地进行替换。同样不利的是，滚道旁的槽整体上削弱了轴承圈。
发明内容
本发明的任务是给出一种具有牺牲阳极的由介质润滑的轴承，该牺牲阳极对轴承的运行特性影响不大。
根据本发明，该任务在前面提到的轴承的情况下通过如下方式来解决，即，将牺牲阳极布置在构造于轴承圈之间的轴承内部之外，并且将牺牲阳极与轴承内部导电连接。
例如至少一个牺牲阳极与配属于牺牲阳极的轴承圈导电地布置在轴承周围，并且不占用轴承内部的空间，也就是说不占用两个轴承圈之间的区域中的空间，轴承圈应通过牺牲阳极得到保护。与轴承内部的导电连接确保了轴承内部连同轴承滚道得到保护，其中，润滑介质起电解质的作用。
在牺牲阳极的材料由腐蚀导致被溶解时出现的产物、例如氢氧化锌在轴承之外，远离对杂质要求很苛刻的轴承滚道地产生。此外，至少一个牺牲阳极可以大结构地构造，并且可以具有明显大于在轴承内部最终限定出的结构空间的体积，从而使牺牲阳极可以在更长的时间段上保持其功能。
此外，通过将牺牲阳极布置在轴承内部之外使在维修时替换牺牲阳极变得简单。
优选规定，牺牲阳极布置在两个轴承圈中的一个的端面上。至少一个牺牲阳极尤其布置在两个轴承圈中的固定的轴承圈的容易够到的端面上。
作为替选或补充，所述牺牲阳极或另外的牺牲阳极可以与轴承间隔开地且在空间上与轴承圈分开地布置在周围结构件上，尤其是布置在为容纳牺牲阳极特别设置的容器中。
优选规定，两个轴承圈中的至少一个的、但尤其是两个轴承圈的端面和背离轴承内部的周侧面具有电绝缘件。电绝缘件确保牺牲阳极仅保护配属于该牺牲阳极的轴承圈，但不保护与该轴承圈邻接的轴承周围环境。陶瓷材料、聚合物(例如特氟隆或PEEK(聚醚醚酮))、聚合物漆、基于聚合物的复合材料(例如纤维增强的塑料、尤其是由纤维增强的树脂(例如酚醛树脂或环氧树脂)构成的硬化的复合物)或玻璃材料可以设置作为绝缘件的材料；在此，绝缘件可以构造为特有的构件，其紧固到配属于牺牲阳极的轴承圈的端面或背离轴承内部的周侧面上，或者构造为轴承圈的表面涂层。可以理解的是，容纳轴承圈的轴承容纳部的钻孔或布置有轴承圈的轴的表面具有电绝缘件。
优选规定，牺牲阳极与轴承内部的导电连接包括绝缘导体缆线。
就导体缆线而言优选规定，牺牲阳极通过能导电的胶粘剂、能导电的焊层或压接连接部与导体缆线的电导体连接。
优选规定，导体缆线在轴承内部终止在环形电极中，该环形电极基本上平行于其中一个轴承圈的轴承滚道延伸。环形电极确保轴承滚道的关键区域沿其延伸尺寸保持在相同的电化学电势上，并且尤其不会发生点蚀。
优选规定，牺牲阳极仅与两个轴承圈中的一个导电连接，并且电接触部、尤其是滑动接触部构造在与牺牲阳极连接的轴承圈与另一轴承圈之间。滑动接触部尤其可以通过石墨刷来构造。
附图说明
以下参考附图对本发明进行详细的描述和说明。其中：
图1示意性地示出根据本发明的由介质润滑的轴承的实施例的局部截面视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出构造为滚动轴承的轴承，其包括构造为外圈的第一轴承圈1以及构造为内圈的第二轴承圈2，其中，在两个轴承圈1、2中的每个上分别设置有用于滚动轴承的滚动体5的构造为滚动滚道的轴承滚道3、4。
轴承构造为由介质润滑的轴承，也就是说，轴承由液态的周围介质穿过，其中，周围介质对轴承滚道3、4进行润滑，周围介质尤其是水，特别是基于氯离子而具有腐蚀性的盐水，该周围介质能够以点蚀的方式对轴承圈1、2的材料，即滚动轴承钢进行侵蚀，并且尤其在轴承滚道3、4的附近逐点地进行溶解。
此外，轴承包括牺牲阳极6，该牺牲阳极配属于第一轴承圈1，也就是与第一轴承圈1导电地连接，从而替代第一轴承圈1的滚动轴承钢，使得牺牲阳极6的材料、例如锌或锌铝合金由腐蚀导致被溶解。
针对牺牲阳极6规定，牺牲阳极6布置在构造于轴承圈1、2之间的圆环形的轴承内部7之外，并且牺牲阳极6与轴承内部7导电连接。
棒状构造的牺牲阳极6在轴承之外、与轴承的两个轴承圈1、2间隔开地布置在壳体的一个区段上，例如容纳在设在壳体中的容纳槽中或容纳在设置用于容纳牺牲阳极的紧固在壳体上的构件中。
在所示的实施例中，牺牲阳极6通过电绝缘件11与轴承圈1间隔开，其中，绝缘件11由电导体穿过。尤其规定，第一轴承圈1的端面8、9和背离轴承内部7的靠外的周侧面10相对壳体并且因此相对容纳在壳体上的牺牲阳极6具有电绝缘件11，其中，第一轴承圈1的靠外的周侧面10在壳体上紧固在壳体钻孔中。电绝缘件11构造为第一轴承圈1的端面8、9以及从轴承内部7指出去的靠外的周侧面的涂层，其中，涂层由陶瓷或塑料构造成，并且因此选择成使涂层的材料在轴承的周围介质中仅表现出很小的膨胀特性。
针对第二轴承圈2同样规定，端面12、13和背离轴承内部7的靠内的周侧面14具有电绝缘件15。因此，第二轴承圈2与未示出的轴导电地构造，其中，滚动体5可以由导电的金属或由陶瓷构成。
为了使牺牲阳极6与轴承内部7导电连接，规定牺牲阳极6与轴承内部7的导电连接包括绝缘导体缆线16。绝缘导体缆线16包括铜导体以及围绕铜导体的塑料绝缘件。导体缆线16在第一轴承圈的第一端面8上穿过第一轴承圈1的绝缘件11，并且建立牺牲阳极6与第一轴承圈1之间的导电接触。导体缆线16的第一端部与牺牲阳极6导电连接，从而使得牺牲阳极6的导电材料通过能导电的胶粘剂、压接连接部或能导电的焊层与导体缆线16的电的铜导体导电连接。导体缆线16的第二端部容纳在设在第一轴承圈1的金属主体中的盲孔中，其中，铜导体与盲孔的底部导电接触，从而使得第一轴承圈1的至少区段式地尤其与轴承滚道3邻接的未涂层的靠内的周侧面17通过牺牲阳极6在电化学上得到保护，该靠内的周侧面在一侧限定出轴承内部7并且不具有涂层。此外，盲孔以如下材料填充，该材料确保在导体缆线的第二端部与第一轴承圈1的材料的接触位置上不形成锈斑。在第一轴承圈1的靠内的周侧面17上，腐蚀性的盐水直接与第一轴承圈1的易受腐蚀的滚动轴承钢接触，但由于与牺牲阳极6的导电连接，在靠内的周侧面17上并没有出现明显的腐蚀。
在示出的实施例中规定，牺牲阳极6仅与第一轴承圈1直接导电连接，并且电接触部18、也就是滑动接触部、尤其是由石墨构成的刷接触部构造在与牺牲阳极直接连接的第一轴承圈1与第二轴承圈2之间。接触部18容纳在密封块19中，该密封块作为预过滤器，并且阻止污染物侵入轴承内部7中。
接触部18将第一轴承1的靠内的周侧面17的金属表面与第二轴承2的靠外的周侧面20的同样是金属的表面连接，其中，两个周侧面17、20在两侧限定出轴承内部，并且在所示的向心轴承中限定出环形环绕的轴承间隙。
可以理解的是，轴承圈1、2的限定出轴承内部7的两个周侧面17、20中的至少一个尤其是可以与轴承滚道3、4间隔开地具有惰性的抗腐蚀的涂层。
此外可以理解的是，导体缆线16的第二端部不必终止在第一轴承圈1的盲孔底部处，而是也可以终止于环形电极中，其中，环形电极平行于轴承滚道3、4地延伸。
此外可以理解的是，可以设置多于一个的导体缆线16，该导体缆线将牺牲阳极6与第一轴承圈1连接。此外可以实现的是，使两个轴承圈1、2分别利用至少一个电导体与共同的牺牲阳极6连接；在此，共同的牺牲阳极6例如布置在固定的轴承圈的端面上，并且例如通过滑动接触部与转动的轴承圈导电连接。
在上面描述的实施例中，牺牲阳极6在空间上与轴承分开地布置。可以理解的是，牺牲阳极6可以布置在第一轴承圈1的端面8上，牺牲阳极在端面8的区域中通过绝缘部11与第一轴承圈绝缘，并且通过很短的电导体与第一轴承圈1的能导电的主体导电连接。在此，电导体可以通过很短的导体缆线或通过插接连接器来构造。
在上面描述的实施例中，轴承构造为滚动轴承，也就是单列角接触球轴承，其轴承滚道3、4是用于滚动体5的滚道。可以理解的是，轴承也可以构造为滑动轴承，其轴承滚道是滑动面，这些滑动面紧密地接触，从而使牺牲阳极几乎不能布置在滑动面之间，因此将牺牲阳极布置在滑动轴承的通过滑动面限定出的轴承内部之外的建议能够实现持久地保护由介质润滑的滑动轴承以防其受腐蚀。
在将构造为滚动滚道或滑动面的轴承滚道直接加工到轴的表面中或轴承壳体的钻孔的面中的情况下，根据上面所描述的本发明，设有轴承滚道的轴或者说在轴承钻孔的区域中设有轴承滚道的壳体被视为“轴承圈”。
附图标记列表
1 第一轴承圈
2 第二轴承圈
3 第一轴承圈1的轴承滚道
4 第二轴承圈2的轴承滚道
5 滚动体
6 牺牲阳极
7 轴承内部
8 第一轴承圈1的端面
9 第一轴承圈1的端面
10 第一轴承圈1的靠外的周侧面
11 电绝缘件
12 第二轴承圈2的端面
13 第二轴承圈2的端面
14 第二轴承圈2的靠内的周侧面
15 电绝缘件
16 导体缆线
17 第一轴承圈1的靠内的周侧面
18 接触部
19 密封块
20 第二轴承圈2的靠外的周侧面

Claims (7)

1.一种由介质润滑的轴承，所述由介质润滑的轴承包括：
第一轴承圈(1)、第二轴承圈(2)和分别布置在相应的轴承圈(1、2)上的轴承滚道(3、4)，以及
牺牲阳极(6)，所述牺牲阳极配属于所述两个轴承圈中的至少一个轴承圈，
其特征在于，
所述牺牲阳极(6)布置在构造于所述轴承圈(1、2)之间的轴承内部(7)之外，并且
所述牺牲阳极(6)与所述轴承内部(7)导电连接，所述牺牲阳极(6)通过电绝缘件(11)与所述第一轴承圈(1)间隔开地布置，并且所述电绝缘件(11)由电导体穿过，所述电导体将所述牺牲阳极(6)与所述第一轴承圈(1)导电连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的由介质润滑的轴承，其特征在于，所述牺牲阳极布置在所述两个轴承圈中的一个轴承圈的端面上。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的由介质润滑的轴承，其特征在于，所述两个轴承圈(1、2)中的至少一个轴承圈的端面和背离所述轴承内部(7)的周侧面(10、14)具有电绝缘件(11、15)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的由介质润滑的轴承，其特征在于，所述牺牲阳极(6)与所述轴承内部(7)的导电连接包括绝缘导体缆线(16)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的由介质润滑的轴承，其特征在于，所述牺牲阳极(6)通过能导电的胶粘剂、能导电的焊层或压接连接部与所述导体缆线(16)的电导体连接。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的由介质润滑的轴承，其特征在于，所述导体缆线在所述轴承内部终止于环形电极中，所述环形电极基本上平行于所述第一、第二轴承圈中的一个轴承圈的轴承滚道延伸。
7.根据权利要求1所述的由介质润滑的轴承，其特征在于，所述牺牲阳极(6)仅与所述两个轴承圈中的一个轴承圈(1)导电连接，并且电接触部(18)构造在所述与牺牲阳极(6)连接的轴承圈(1)与另一轴承圈(2)之间。
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