CN104686379A - Ecological raising fermentation bed used for live pigs and based on mechanical material turnover as well as manufacturing method and application of ecological raising fermentation bed - Google Patents

Ecological raising fermentation bed used for live pigs and based on mechanical material turnover as well as manufacturing method and application of ecological raising fermentation bed Download PDF

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CN104686379A
CN104686379A CN201510062104.XA CN201510062104A CN104686379A CN 104686379 A CN104686379 A CN 104686379A CN 201510062104 A CN201510062104 A CN 201510062104A CN 104686379 A CN104686379 A CN 104686379A
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bed
raw material
bedding
fermentation
fermentation bed
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CN104686379B (en
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陈英旭
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K1/00Housing animals; Equipment therefor
    • A01K1/015Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
    • A01K1/0152Litter
    • A01K1/0155Litter comprising organic material

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological raising fermentation bed used for live pigs and based on mechanical material turnover. The ecological raising fermentation bed is positioned in a padding groove below a live pig raising mesh bed, the distance between the live pig raising mesh bed and the ground is 1.5-2.0 m, the biological fermentation bed has the thickness being 70-90 cm and the humidity being 50-60%, and a traveling-type pile-turning machine is arranged in the biological fermentation bed. In an overhead mesh bed slatted floor pig-raising mode, excrements can fall to the lower-layer padding groove through the mesh bed, and the traveling-type pile-turning machine in the biological fermentation bed is used to turn over materials in the ecological raising fermentation bed every 2-3 days, so that the time and labor are saved, a manure pollution problem caused by live pig raising for a long time is solved, a piggery environment is improved, the harm degree of pathogenic bacteria is reduced, the production performance and body immunity of the pigs are improved, and a good foundation is provided for realizing healthy live pig raising and clean production.

Description

A kind of live pig ecological based on mechanical stirring is culture fermenting bed and preparation method thereof and application
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of live pig ecological breeding technique, belong to Agriculture Ecological Environment Protection field.
Background technology
At present, the modernization development stage had been stepped in China's herding already, and gradually to technology intensive style, resources effective utilization type, environmentally friendly transformation.Integrated production capacity and the overall scientific and technological level of livestock breeding been significantly enhanced and improve.Within 2010, China's livestock and poultry breeding industry gross output value reaches 2 trillion yuan, and growth by more than 160% compared with calendar year 2001, accounts for 30% of the general production value of agriculture in 2010.The fast development of livestock breeding, while raising people's living standard, also causes a large amount of generation and the discharge of Livestock pollution discarded object.The annual feces of livestock and poultry generation in the whole nation has reached 8.4 hundred million tons, if effectively do not processed, will cause environmental deterioration further, and then threatens agricultural product security.Current, the problem of environmental pollution of pig industry and the quality safety of pork have become the bottleneck that the Chinese pig industry of restriction develops in a healthy way.In this case, in the urgent need to developing a kind of effective ecologically raising pigs technology, and biological fermentation bed pig raising technology is a kind of so just both can effectively can alleviate the technology of Pig Industry industry environment and a disease difficult problem by efficiency utilization feces of livestock and poultry.
Biological fermentation bed is theoretical according to Tiny ecosystem, utilize biofermentation technique, evenly mix with agricultural byproducts such as sawdust, stalk, husks by a certain percentage after the indigenous microorganism of high vigor is made biologic live bacteria preparation, be stacked in the pig house of particular design, form organic bedding and padding of pigsty, thus build the optimum microecological balance of pig growing environment.This technology take fermentation bed as carrier, utilize the habit of withdrawing a confession of live pig, the fecaluria of discharge and bedding and padding are fully mixed, degraded rapidly by indigenous microorganism and digest, reach the object of flushing-free swinery, odorless, tasteless, innoxious cultivation, there is reduction aquaculture cost, improve breeding environment and improve the advantages such as meat quality.
As far back as 1970, Japan just took to the research of pig fermentation bed cultivation technology.Subsequently, this technology introduces China from states such as Japan, Korea S, and while being subject to domestic boundary's extensive concern of raising pigs, some provinces are applied at home.In this context, relevant culture fermenting bed technique occurs.If culture fermenting bed preparation method and pig-breeding technology utilize biological fermentation bedly to carry out simple and easy ecological pig-culturing method.But utilize at present and biological fermentation bedly carry out in ecological pig-culturing method, fecaluria and bedding and padding are all mixed culture fermentation under the effect of withdrawing a confession in pig, pig such as stirs mode and exists not in time, not thorough, uneven at the defect, so that beneficial microbe colony can not fully decompose live pig fecaluria in fermentation bed, and then cause fermentation bed to become filthy dirty, even can cause swinery disease of digestive tract.Meanwhile, can there is a large amount of mycotoxins in bedding and padding after fermentation, and pig often can cause the state of an illness multiple after searching for food, and is difficult to control.Therefore, fermentation bed bed course may become the breeding ground of animal pathogen, there is the hidden danger of disease accumulation outburst.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art, providing a kind of live pig ecological based on mechanical stirring culture fermenting bed and preparation method thereof and application, for realizing live pig healthy aquaculture, cleaner production provides good basis.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
Live pig ecological based on mechanical stirring of the present invention is culture fermenting bed, be positioned at the bedding and padding groove below pig-breeding net bed, pig-breeding net bed distance ground 1.5 ~ 2.0 m, biological fermentation bed thickness is 70 ~ 90 cm, humidity is 50 ~ 60%, propelled type turning machine is provided with in biological fermentation bed, described biological fermentation bedly comprise bedding and padding raw material, nutrient raw material and fermenting agent, wherein, bedding and padding raw material is one or more the mixing in sawmilling, rice husk, peanut shell, stalk meal and wood shavings; Nutrient raw material is one or more the mixing in rice bran, wheat bran and corn flour; Fermenting agent is that the zymotic fluid of these three kinds of bacterium of bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus and bacillus licheniformis is by the composite fermentation microbial inoculum of equal-volume than mixing, the part by weight of bedding and padding raw material and nutrient raw material is 50:50, and the weight of fermenting agent is 2 ~ 3% of bedding and padding raw material and nutrient raw material gross weight.
The preparation method culture fermenting bed based on the live pig ecological of mechanical stirring of the present invention, its step is as follows:
1) fermenting agent preparation: microorganism fungus kind bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus and bacillus licheniformis are inoculated into respectively in strain activation and culture base, in 37 DEG C of constant temperature culture 24 hours, obtains zymotic fluid; The each prescription quality ratio of described strain activation and culture base is: peptone 1.5%, sodium chloride 0.5%, yeast extract 1.0%, and all the other are water, pH 7.2 ~ 7.4;
Zymotic fluid obtained above is seeded to respectively in the fermentation tank of 50 L and carries out one-level expansion cultivation, through 37 DEG C of constant temperature culture after 1 day, again one-level is expanded cultivation and fermentation liquid be seeded in the fermentation tank of 1000 L carry out secondary expand cultivate, 37 DEG C of constant temperature culture are after 30 hours, the secondary of above-mentioned three kinds of bacterium is expanded cultivation and fermentation liquid mix in equal-volume ratio, obtain fermenting agent, described one-level expands medium and each prescription quality ratio of secondary expansion medium is: glucose 0.5% ~ 0.7%, starch 0.3% ~ 0.5%, soybean 1.5% ~ 1.8%, dusty yeast 1.0% ~ 1.5%, peptone 0.3% ~ 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.05% ~ 0.07%, iron chloride 0.01% ~ 0.03%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1% ~ 0.3%, calcium carbonate 0.05% ~ 0.1%, all the other are water, pH 7.2 ~ 7.4,
2) preparation of fermentation bed: by bedding and padding raw material and nutrient raw material 50:50 mixing by weight proportion, add the fermenting agent of bedding and padding raw material and nutrient raw material gross weight 2 ~ 3% again, humidity to 50 ~ 60% is regulated with clear water, puddling evenly adds in the bedding and padding groove be arranged on below apart from the pig-breeding net bed of ground 1.5 ~ 2.0 m, and make mixed material thickness be 70 ~ 90 cm, form live pig ecological culture fermenting bed;
3) biological fermentation bed interior propelled type turning machine is set.
The usage culture fermenting bed based on the live pig ecological of mechanical stirring of the present invention: with biological fermentation bed interior propelled type turning machine, ecological culture fermenting bed material is stirred for every 2 ~ 3 days, the speed of stirring is 5 ~ 10 rpm, deep layer stirring and shallow-layer stirring hocket, the deep layer stirring degree of depth is 50 ~ 60 cm, the shallow-layer stirring degree of depth is 20 ~ 30 cm, summer and autumn, fermentation bed material shifted out bedding and padding groove through fermentation in 15 ~ 20 days, and winter-spring season fermentation bed material shifts out bedding and padding groove through fermentation in 25 ~ 35 days.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) saving of work and time, and improve hand labor efficiency: the biofermentation bed to raise pig applied based on mechanical stirring does not need to rinse colony house with water, so relatively traditional intensive pig production can economize on water 65 ~ 75%; The whole year, except column home electricity heating in winter, does not need to add with warming equipment such as heat-insulating lamps other seasons, so Compact Develop can economize on electricity more than 50% relatively; Pig farm arranges full crack net bed floor, no longer needs excrement clearly, so Compact Develop can save 40 more than % labours relatively.
(2) pig house environment is improved: biofermentation bed to raise pig does not outwards discharge ight soil, directly by the beneficial microbe decomposition and inversion in bedding and padding, annual without the need to rinsing hurdle circle, ordorless and ammonia in house, discharge without any pollutant, substantially achieve pollutant " zero-emission " standard, efficiently solve the problem of the Pig dung and urine contaminated environment that pig-breeding for a long time brings, improve the sanitation and hygiene of pig house comprehensively.
(3) reduce epidemic disease to occur: on the one hand, the beneficial bacterium in fermentation bed can become dominant microflora by Fast-propagation, can suppress and eliminate most worm's ovum and pathogen.On the other hand, relatively traditional aquaculture model, avoid live pig based on mechanical stirring biological fermentation bed to contact with the direct of material, considerably reduce live pig and infect the probability of respiratory disease and disease of digestive tract because arch food, thus greatly reduce antibiotic, antibiotic property medicine in the use of feeding process of live pig.
(4) fertilizer output is improved: in this is biological fermentation bed, be provided with the propelled type turning machine integrating running gear, turner structure and jacking system, in conjunction with dark, shallow-layer interval stirring mode, not only can significantly improve the fermentation efficiency of fermentation bed material, also greatly increases the quantum of output of biological organic fertilizer, nuisanceless to production, green and organic products has played good benefit.
(5) meat quality is promoted: fermentation bed environment health is up to standard, eliminates the breeding of pathogen, and by fully absorbing the nutrient component in feed, pig is more healthy.Biofermentation bed to raise pig pattern whole process does not add antibiotic, decreases the medicament residue problem of pork, and meat quality improves, drug residue free.
Biological fermentation bed cultivation based on mechanical stirring of the present invention technically, economically with ecological environment benefit on be a kind of practicable control plant pollute management mode, to the assanation improving pig farm, promote that the healthy growth of live pig serves important function.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the vertical of pig house cuts generalized section.
In figure, 1 is damping device, and 2 is vent window, and 3 is swinery, and 4 is feeding trough, and 5 is net bed slatted floor, and 6 is propelled type turning machine, and 7 is bedding and padding groove, and 8 is discharging opening.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Pig house is built: pig house sits in the north facing the south, and roof adopts the compositions such as less material nylon film, cystosepiment and the cement machine of thermal conductivity factor watt.Limewash coated by pig house exterior wall, improves the heat leakage rate of pig house outer surface.Pig house arranges damping device 1 and several vent window 2.
With reference to accompanying drawing, the ecological culture fermenting bed bedding and padding groove 7 be positioned at below pig-breeding net bed 5, pig-breeding net bed 5 is apart from ground 1.5 ~ 2.0 m, biological fermentation bed thickness is 70 ~ 90 cm, humidity is 50 ~ 60%, in biological fermentation bed, be provided with propelled type turning machine 6, bedding and padding groove 7 has discharging opening 8.
Embodiment:
Based on the preparation method that the live pig ecological of mechanical stirring is culture fermenting bed, its step is as follows:
1) fermenting agent preparation: microorganism fungus kind bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus and bacillus licheniformis are inoculated into respectively in strain activation and culture base, in 37 DEG C of constant temperature culture 24 hours, obtains zymotic fluid; The each prescription quality ratio of described strain activation and culture base is: peptone 1.5%, sodium chloride 0.5%, yeast extract 1.0%, and all the other are water, pH 7.2;
Zymotic fluid obtained above is seeded to respectively in the fermentation tank of 50 L and carries out one-level expansion cultivation, through 37 DEG C of constant temperature culture after 1 day, again one-level is expanded cultivation and fermentation liquid be seeded in the fermentation tank of 1000 L carry out secondary expand cultivate, 37 DEG C of constant temperature culture are after 30 hours, the secondary of above-mentioned three kinds of bacterium is expanded cultivation and fermentation liquid mix in equal-volume ratio, obtain fermenting agent, described one-level expands medium and each prescription quality ratio of secondary expansion medium is: glucose 0.7%, starch 0.3%, soybean 1.8%, dusty yeast 1.5%, peptone 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.06%, iron chloride 0.03%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%, calcium carbonate 0.1%, all the other are water, pH 7.2,
In the present invention, fermenting agent adopts and is composited by bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus and bacillus licheniformis, wherein, bacillus subtilis and bacillus cereus all exist with endosporic form in the environment, multiple enzyme can be secreted, can not only organic matter in efficient degradation bedding and padding, the Growth and reproduction that antibiotic suppresses pathogen can also be secreted; And bacillus licheniformis can promote the growth of anaerobic bacteria in enteron aisle, play a significant role in adjustment intestinal bacilli illness with the immunity of enhancing pig.
2) preparation of fermentation bed: by bedding and padding raw material and nutrient raw material 50:50 mixing by weight proportion, here bedding and padding raw material is sawmilling, rice husk and peanut shell, nutrient raw material is rice bran, corn flour and wheat bran, then the fermenting agent of bedding and padding raw material and nutrient raw material gross weight 2.5% is added, humidity to 55% is regulated with clear water, puddle the material of puddling evenly to add to thickness to be in the bedding and padding groove of 90 cm, to form live pig ecological culture fermenting bed; In order to ensure the growing environment of pig health, utilize overhead net bed slatted floor to raise pigs pattern, live pig is raised in the upper strata swinery 3 of separation overhead 1.2 m, and excreta drops down onto the bedding and padding groove 7 of lower floor by net bed slatted floor 5.
3) biological fermentation bed interior the propelled type turning machine integrating running gear, turner structure and jacking system is set.
Within every 3 days, stir fermentation bed material 1 time with the speed of 8 rpm, the mechanical deep layer stirring of 60 cm and the shallow-layer machinery stirring of 20 cm hocket, and so just maintain the harmony of fermentation bed material and excreta distribution and ensure that in fermentation bed, fermented bacterium is normally bred.Winter, fermentation bed material was banked up for up to 30 days, when fermentation bed material middle level temperature is down to about 30 DEG C, just fermentation bed material can be shifted out from discharging opening 8.The material shifted out is banked up again and is completed after-ripening in 10 days in warehouse, and namely compost is made, and directly can become the biological organic fertilizer of fruit tree, crops, reach recycling of animal waste.The fermentation bed that upgrades in time after one-period terminates material.
When rearing conditions is identical, compared with traditional pig raising technology, ecological culture fermenting bed charges for water and electricity in every swine rearing cost, expenses for medicine and the labour cost of making of the present invention is adopted to reduce more than 20 yuan, outwards do not discharge pollutants, achieve pollutant " zero-emission ", ordorless and ammonia in pig house, efficiently solves Pig dung and urine environmental pollution problem.

Claims (4)

1. one kind culture fermenting bed based on the live pig ecological of mechanical stirring, it is characterized in that the described ecological culture fermenting bed bedding and padding groove (7) being positioned at pig-breeding net bed (5) below, pig-breeding net bed (5) distance ground 1.5 ~ 2.0 m, biological fermentation bed thickness is 70 ~ 90 cm, humidity is 50 ~ 60%, propelled type turning machine (6) is provided with in biological fermentation bed, described biological fermentation bedly comprise bedding and padding raw material, nutrient raw material and fermenting agent, wherein, bedding and padding raw material is sawmilling, rice husk, peanut shell, one or more mixing in stalk meal and wood shavings, nutrient raw material is one or more the mixing in rice bran, wheat bran and corn flour, fermenting agent is that the zymotic fluid of these three kinds of bacterium of bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus and bacillus licheniformis is by the composite fermentation microbial inoculum of equal-volume than mixing, the part by weight of bedding and padding raw material and nutrient raw material is 50:50, and the weight of fermenting agent is 2 ~ 3% of bedding and padding raw material and nutrient raw material gross weight.
2. make the method culture fermenting bed based on the live pig ecological of mechanical stirring according to claim 1, its step is as follows:
1) fermenting agent preparation: microorganism fungus kind bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus and bacillus licheniformis are inoculated into respectively in strain activation and culture base, in 37 DEG C of constant temperature culture 24 hours, obtains zymotic fluid; The each prescription quality ratio of described strain activation and culture base is: peptone 1.5%, sodium chloride 0.5%, yeast extract 1.0%, and all the other are water, pH 7.2 ~ 7.4;
Zymotic fluid obtained above is seeded to respectively in the fermentation tank of 50 L and carries out one-level expansion cultivation, through 37 DEG C of constant temperature culture after 1 day, again one-level is expanded cultivation and fermentation liquid be seeded in the fermentation tank of 1000 L carry out secondary expand cultivate, 37 DEG C of constant temperature culture are after 30 hours, the secondary of above-mentioned three kinds of bacterium is expanded cultivation and fermentation liquid mix in equal-volume ratio, obtain fermenting agent, described one-level expands medium and each prescription quality ratio of secondary expansion medium is: glucose 0.5% ~ 0.7%, starch 0.3% ~ 0.5%, soybean 1.5% ~ 1.8%, dusty yeast 1.0% ~ 1.5%, peptone 0.3% ~ 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.05% ~ 0.07%, iron chloride 0.01% ~ 0.03%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1% ~ 0.3%, calcium carbonate 0.05% ~ 0.1%, all the other are water, pH 7.2 ~ 7.4,
2) preparation of fermentation bed: by bedding and padding raw material and nutrient raw material 50:50 mixing by weight proportion, add the fermenting agent of bedding and padding raw material and nutrient raw material gross weight 2 ~ 3% again, humidity to 50 ~ 60% is regulated with clear water, puddling evenly adds in the bedding and padding groove be arranged on below apart from the pig-breeding net bed of ground 1.5 ~ 2.0 m, and make mixed material thickness be 70 ~ 90 cm, form live pig ecological culture fermenting bed;
3) biological fermentation bed interior propelled type turning machine is set.
3. the preparation method culture fermenting bed based on the live pig ecological of mechanical stirring according to claim 2, is characterized in that described bedding and padding raw material is one or more the mixing in sawmilling, rice husk, peanut shell, stalk meal and wood shavings; Nutrient raw material is one or more the mixing in rice bran, wheat bran and corn flour.
4. the application culture fermenting bed based on the live pig ecological of mechanical stirring according to claim 1, it is characterized in that stirring ecological culture fermenting bed material with biological fermentation bed interior propelled type turning machine for every 2 ~ 3 days, the speed of stirring is 5 ~ 10 rpm, deep layer stirring and shallow-layer stirring hocket, the deep layer stirring degree of depth is 50 ~ 60 cm, the shallow-layer stirring degree of depth is 20 ~ 30 cm, summer and autumn, fermentation bed material shifted out bedding and padding groove through fermentation in 15 ~ 20 days, and winter-spring season fermentation bed material shifts out bedding and padding groove through fermentation in 25 ~ 35 days.
CN201510062104.XA 2015-02-06 2015-02-06 Ecological raising fermentation bed used for live pigs and based on mechanical material turnover as well as manufacturing method and application of ecological raising fermentation bed Active CN104686379B (en)

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Cited By (6)

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CN105010154A (en) * 2015-07-07 2015-11-04 青岛嘉瑞生物技术有限公司 Process for preparing fermentation mattress material through resource utilization of sheep manure
CN105418186A (en) * 2015-12-25 2016-03-23 成都巨星农牧科技有限公司 Composite-type fermentation system
CN106305487A (en) * 2016-08-22 2017-01-11 山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 Biological active padding material of fermentation bed for poultry, preparation method and application
CN107242140A (en) * 2017-07-28 2017-10-13 江苏沪苏环保猪业发展有限公司 A kind of cultivating system of ecological market pig
CN107750966A (en) * 2017-11-17 2018-03-06 北京昊业同宇科技有限公司 A kind of flushing-free ecological environmental protection pig house
CN110510846A (en) * 2018-05-22 2019-11-29 兴业县智宇农牧设备有限公司 A kind of environmental-protecting and high-efficient type pig manure dirt degradation formula and technical application

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CN201928784U (en) * 2010-12-31 2011-08-17 华南农业大学 Biological fermentation bed house for pig breeding
CN204047556U (en) * 2014-09-16 2014-12-31 李付庆 A kind of Environmental protection net bed cultivation greenhouse

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105010154A (en) * 2015-07-07 2015-11-04 青岛嘉瑞生物技术有限公司 Process for preparing fermentation mattress material through resource utilization of sheep manure
CN105418186A (en) * 2015-12-25 2016-03-23 成都巨星农牧科技有限公司 Composite-type fermentation system
CN106305487A (en) * 2016-08-22 2017-01-11 山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 Biological active padding material of fermentation bed for poultry, preparation method and application
CN107242140A (en) * 2017-07-28 2017-10-13 江苏沪苏环保猪业发展有限公司 A kind of cultivating system of ecological market pig
CN107750966A (en) * 2017-11-17 2018-03-06 北京昊业同宇科技有限公司 A kind of flushing-free ecological environmental protection pig house
CN110510846A (en) * 2018-05-22 2019-11-29 兴业县智宇农牧设备有限公司 A kind of environmental-protecting and high-efficient type pig manure dirt degradation formula and technical application

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