CN104686210A - Method for grafting watermelons and culturing grafted seedlings - Google Patents
Method for grafting watermelons and culturing grafted seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN104686210A CN104686210A CN201410647119.8A CN201410647119A CN104686210A CN 104686210 A CN104686210 A CN 104686210A CN 201410647119 A CN201410647119 A CN 201410647119A CN 104686210 A CN104686210 A CN 104686210A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/34—Rosaceae [Rose family], e.g. strawberry, hawthorn, plum, cherry, peach, apricot or almond
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/42—Aloeaceae [Aloe family] or Liliaceae [Lily family], e.g. aloe, veratrum, onion, garlic or chives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G3/00—Cutting implements specially adapted for horticultural purposes; Delimbing standing trees
- A01G2003/005—Removing buds
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for grafting watermelons and culturing grafted seedlings. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, soaking seeds and accelerating germination; step 2, sowing and raising the seedlings; step 3, grafting, The method comprises the following specific steps: respectively soaking stock seeds and scion seeds with clean water for 4-6 hours; fishing out and disinfecting the seeds; 8-10 minutes after soaking with the clean water, preserving moisture and accelerating germination for 34-38 hours at a constant temperature of 30-32 DEG C until the seed buds grow to be about 2 mm; adopting a grafting healing agent which is prepared by the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6-9 parts of cactus juice, 8-9 parts of aloe juice, 2-3 parts of wild chrysanthemum flower, 6-8 parts of pseudo-ginseng, 2-4 parts of sanguisorba officinalis, 4-6 parts of naphthylacetic acid, 5-10 parts of polyvinyl acetate emulsion, 3-5 parts of 6-benzylamino adenine, and 6-8 parts of water; the grafted seedlings are high in resistance to diseases such as wilt, gummy stem blight and mosaic virus, and higher than the other stocks in disease resistance; compared with the own-root seedlings, the method has the advantages that the yield of the grafted watermelon is increased by 20-30%, and the grafted watermelon can bear fruits in advance; by adoption of the method of spraying the grafting healing agent when the grafted position is completely healed after cleft grafting, the grafting success rate is up to 99%, and the grafting position healing speed is improved by 55-65%.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of Grafting watermelon and grafting cultivation, belong to proportion of crop planting technical field.
Background technology
Citrullus Curcurbitaceae annual herb plant, the sweet succulence of its fruit taste, containing abundant mineral salt and multivitamin, can clearing away heat and removing summer-heat, be main fruit of relieving summer heat in summer.Watermelon originates in Africa, and at China's cultivation history of existing more than 2000 years, after reform and opening-up, the cultivating watermelon area of China increases rapidly, and having become at present is the watermelon place of production maximum in the world.
Watermelon is the main staple crop on farmland, and agricultural economy occupies certain weight proportion.Because rainwater in early spring is on the high side, add the restriction of melon ground crop rotation condition, very easily occurrence of large-area fusarium wilt, causes Severe Reduction, and introduce Grafting watermelon seedling growing process, the grafting incidence of disease is almost nil, be thus subject to the masses and welcome, and technology is easy, very easily promotes.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves the lower situation of prior art Grafting watermelon survival rate, and then proposes a kind of method of Grafting watermelon and grafting cultivation, comprises the following steps: step one, presoaking and germinating; Step 2, seeding and seedling raising; Step 3, grafting.
Wherein in step one: presoaking and germinating, stock seed and ingraftment seed are soaked 4-6 hour with clear water respectively, pull out and to carry out disinfection to seed afterwards, clear water soaks after 8-10 minute and grows to about 2 millimeters up to kind of a bud 30-32 DEG C of constant-temperature moisture-keeping vernalization 34-38 is little;
In step 2: seeding and seedling raising, by flat sleeping for the stock seed after vernalization program request in nutrition cup, the ingraftment seed after vernalization is sown in seedling-cultivating tray by the sowing range points of 1.2-1.5 centimetre, the fine sand of covering 1-1.5 centimetre it on, cultivate in canopy, wherein scion is than stock late sowing kind 7-10 days;
In step 3: grafting;
(1) combination that the affinity of scion and stock is high is selected;
(2) seedling age, size match, and the stock of scion grafting is slightly large and scion is less than normal, and stock sows 3-5 days in advance prior to watermelon, and watermelon scion is carried out when cotyledon flattens;
(3) adopt oblique cutting hole mode, degree of depth 7-10mm, to puncture in hypocotyl stem meat to exocuticle;
(4) the wound tangent plane of scion is cut into the wedge shape of long 7-10mm, the cotyledon connecing rear scion and stock is cross;
(5) globule on blade, axil, petiole, stem stalk wiped away by the front toilet paper of grafting operation;
(6) rinse parents with clear water the previous day in grafting, wash away the foreign matters such as the dust on plant stipes, blade, dirt, chip;
(7) grafting requires temperature daytime 22 ~ 30 DEG C, evening 15 ~ 22 DEG C;
(8) first keep high humidity after grafting, relative air humidity more than 90%, after reduce humidity gradually, can normal humidity management be carried out after grafting survives for about 5 days;
(9) first shading after grafting, after common light gradually, to ensure that seedling is not wilted as principle, after grafting survives for about 5 days, can normal illumination management be carried out;
(10) strengthen diseases and pests controlling, spray the Avermectin of debita spissitudo and the mould clever mixed liquor of evil before grafting, prevent and treat in time according to growing state again after grafting;
(11) remove stock rudiment early, be strictly on guard against Competition for Nutrients, observe in time after grafting, find that stock rudiment is just removed;
(12), after interface healing, relative air humidity remains on about 65%, natural lighting, daytime 25 ~ 30 DEG C, night about 15 DEG C.
As further technical scheme of the present invention: select stock in grafting: stock adopts pumpkin, scion is conventional variety of watermelon;
Cultivate: the sowing time of grafting cultivation shifts to an earlier date 5-8 days than conventional cultivation, adopts large bud large anvil bar connection; Stock sowing should do sth. in advance about 15-20 days than watermelon, broadcast watermelon seed again when stock has 2 true leaves, when 2 cotyledons just launch after broadcasting watermelon seed, get final product grafting, before grafting, will control stock seedbed and watermelon seedbed about the general 25-28 of temperature DEG C respectively well, in case temperature is too high, make seedling excessive growth.
As optimisation technique scheme of the present invention: employing graft union agent proportioning is: (unit: part) cactus juice 6-9; Asparagus juice 8-9; Mother chrysanthemum 2-3; Pseudo-ginseng 6-8; Garden burnet 2-4; Methyl α-naphthyl acetate 4-6; Poly-acetic acid is latex 5-10 dimly; 6-benzyl aminoadenine 3-5; Water 6-8.
Compared with the cultivation method of the stem of noble dendrobium in prior art: the watermelon resistance against diseases that this technology is cultivated is strong, and to fusarium wilt, blight dis-ease and mosaic virus, resistance against diseases is stronger compared with other makes stock; Its output improves 20%-30% compared with own-rooted tree, and bears fruit in advance; Spray the method for graft union agent when heal completely in place to be grafted after cleft grafting etc., make the success rate of grafting reach 99%, grafting place healing rate improves 55-65%.
Embodiment
The method that Grafting watermelon and grafting are cultivated, comprises the following steps:
Step one, presoaking and germinating;
Step 2, seeding and seedling raising;
Step 3, grafting.
Wherein in step one: presoaking and germinating, stock seed and ingraftment seed are soaked 4-6 hour with clear water respectively, pull out and to carry out disinfection to seed afterwards, clear water soaks after 8-10 minute and grows to about 2 millimeters up to kind of a bud 30-32 DEG C of constant-temperature moisture-keeping vernalization 34-38 is little;
In step 2: seeding and seedling raising, by flat sleeping for the stock seed after vernalization program request in nutrition cup, the ingraftment seed after vernalization is sown in seedling-cultivating tray by the sowing range points of 1.2-1.5 centimetre, the fine sand of covering 1-1.5 centimetre it on, cultivate in canopy, wherein scion is than stock late sowing kind 7-10 days;
In step 3: grafting;
(1) combination that the affinity of scion and stock is high is selected;
(2) seedling age, size match, and the stock of scion grafting is slightly large and scion is less than normal, and stock sows 3-5 days in advance prior to watermelon, and watermelon scion is carried out when cotyledon flattens;
(3) adopt oblique cutting hole mode, degree of depth 7-10mm, to puncture in hypocotyl stem meat to exocuticle;
(4) the wound tangent plane of scion is cut into the wedge shape of long 7-10mm, the cotyledon connecing rear scion and stock is cross;
(5) globule on blade, axil, petiole, stem stalk wiped away by the front toilet paper of grafting operation;
(6) rinse parents with clear water the previous day in grafting, wash away the foreign matters such as the dust on plant stipes, blade, dirt, chip;
(7) grafting requires temperature daytime 22 ~ 30 DEG C, evening 15 ~ 22 DEG C;
(8) first keep high humidity after grafting, relative air humidity more than 90%, after reduce humidity gradually, can normal humidity management be carried out after grafting survives for about 5 days;
(9) first shading after grafting, after common light gradually, to ensure that seedling is not wilted as principle, after grafting survives for about 5 days, can normal illumination management be carried out;
(10) strengthen diseases and pests controlling, spray the Avermectin of debita spissitudo and the mould clever mixed liquor of evil before grafting, prevent and treat in time according to growing state again after grafting;
(11) remove stock rudiment early, be strictly on guard against Competition for Nutrients, observe in time after grafting, find that stock rudiment is just removed;
(12), after interface healing, relative air humidity remains on about 65%, natural lighting, daytime 25 ~ 30 DEG C, night about 15 DEG C.
As further technical scheme of the present invention: select stock in grafting: stock adopts pumpkin, scion is conventional variety of watermelon;
Cultivate: the sowing time of grafting cultivation shifts to an earlier date 5-8 days than conventional cultivation, adopts large bud large anvil bar connection; Stock sowing should do sth. in advance about 15-20 days than watermelon, broadcast watermelon seed again when stock has 2 true leaves, when 2 cotyledons just launch after broadcasting watermelon seed, get final product grafting, before grafting, will control stock seedbed and watermelon seedbed about the general 25-28 of temperature DEG C respectively well, in case temperature is too high, make seedling excessive growth.
As optimisation technique scheme of the present invention: employing graft union agent proportioning is: (unit: part) cactus juice 6-9; Asparagus juice 8-9; Mother chrysanthemum 2-3; Pseudo-ginseng 6-8; Garden burnet 2-4; Methyl α-naphthyl acetate 4-6; Poly-acetic acid is latex 5-10 dimly; 6-benzyl aminoadenine 3-5; Water 6-8;
To those skilled in the art, obviously the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, and when not deviating from spirit of the present invention or essential characteristic, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter from which point, all should example be regarded as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, scope of the present invention is limited by claims instead of above-mentioned explanation, and all changes be therefore intended in the implication of the equivalency by dropping on claim and scope are included in the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a method for Grafting watermelon and grafting cultivation, comprises the following steps: step one, presoaking and germinating; Step 2, seeding and seedling raising; Step 3, grafting.
S1. presoaking and germinating, soaks 4-6 hour with clear water respectively by stock seed and ingraftment seed, pulls out to carry out disinfection to seed afterwards, and clear water soaks after 8-10 minute and grows to about 2 millimeters up to kind of a bud 30-32 DEG C of constant-temperature moisture-keeping vernalization 34-38 is little;
S2. seeding and seedling raising, by flat sleeping for the stock seed after vernalization program request in nutrition cup, the ingraftment seed after vernalization is sown in seedling-cultivating tray by the sowing range points of 1.2-1.5 centimetre, the fine sand of covering 1-1.5 centimetre it on, cultivate in canopy, wherein scion is than stock late sowing kind 7-10 days;
S3. grafting,
(1) combination that the affinity of scion and stock is high is selected;
(2) seedling age, size match, and the stock of scion grafting is slightly large and scion is less than normal, and stock sows 3-5 days in advance prior to watermelon, and watermelon scion is carried out when cotyledon flattens;
(3) adopt oblique cutting hole mode, degree of depth 7-10mm, to puncture in hypocotyl stem meat to exocuticle;
(4) the wound tangent plane of scion is cut into the wedge shape of long 7-10mm, the cotyledon connecing rear scion and stock is cross;
(5) globule on blade, axil, petiole, stem stalk wiped away by the front toilet paper of grafting operation;
(6) rinse parents with clear water the previous day in grafting, wash away the foreign matters such as the dust on plant stipes, blade, dirt, chip;
(7) grafting requires temperature daytime 22 ~ 30 DEG C, evening 15 ~ 22 DEG C;
(8) first keep high humidity after grafting, relative air humidity more than 90%, after reduce humidity gradually, can normal humidity management be carried out after grafting survives for about 5 days;
(9) first shading after grafting, after common light gradually, to ensure that seedling is not wilted as principle, after grafting survives for about 5 days, can normal illumination management be carried out;
(10) strengthen diseases and pests controlling, spray the Avermectin of debita spissitudo and the mould clever mixed liquor of evil before grafting, prevent and treat in time according to growing state again after grafting;
(11) remove stock rudiment early, be strictly on guard against Competition for Nutrients, observe in time after grafting, find that stock rudiment is just removed;
(12), after interface healing, relative air humidity remains on about 65%, natural lighting, daytime 25 ~ 30 DEG C, night about 15 DEG C.
2. the method for a kind of Grafting watermelon according to claim 1 and grafting cultivation, is characterized in that: in grafting, select stock: stock adopts pumpkin, scion is conventional variety of watermelon;
Cultivate: the sowing time of grafting cultivation shifts to an earlier date 5-8 days than conventional cultivation, adopts large bud large anvil bar connection; Stock sowing should do sth. in advance about 15-20 days than watermelon, broadcast watermelon seed again when stock has 2 true leaves, when 2 cotyledons just launch after broadcasting watermelon seed, get final product grafting, before grafting, will control stock seedbed and watermelon seedbed about the general 25-28 of temperature DEG C respectively well, in case temperature is too high, make seedling excessive growth.
3. the method for a kind of Grafting watermelon according to claim 1 and grafting cultivation, is characterized in that: in grafting procedures: employing graft union agent proportioning is: (unit: part) cactus juice 6-9; Asparagus juice 8-9; Mother chrysanthemum 2-3; Pseudo-ginseng 6-8; Garden burnet 2-4; Methyl α-naphthyl acetate 4-6; Poly-acetic acid is latex 5-10 dimly; 6-benzyl aminoadenine 3-5; Water 6-8.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410647119.8A CN104686210A (en) | 2014-11-11 | 2014-11-11 | Method for grafting watermelons and culturing grafted seedlings |
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| CN201410647119.8A CN104686210A (en) | 2014-11-11 | 2014-11-11 | Method for grafting watermelons and culturing grafted seedlings |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105230350A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2016-01-13 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | Novel method for grafting and planting watermelon |
| CN105875206A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-08-24 | 无锡市黄土塘西瓜专业合作社 | Watermelon grafted seedling-raising method |
| CN106508434A (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-03-22 | 武汉市农业科学技术研究院作物科学研究所 | Chemical regulating and controlling method for grafting of seedling plants on watermelons |
| CN106717857A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-05-31 | 万源市恒康农业开发有限公司 | A kind of Grafting watermelon method |
| CN106856997A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-06-20 | 贵州村华秋实现代生态农业有限公司 | A kind of engrafting method of Kiwi berry |
| CN107646576A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-02-02 | 潍坊郭牌农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Grafting watermelon method for culturing seedlings |
| CN109874528A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-06-14 | 张骏 | A kind of method of peach stock grafting apple |
| CN111492817A (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2020-08-07 | 湖南大学 | Method for high-position grafting of camellia on camellia plants |
-
2014
- 2014-11-11 CN CN201410647119.8A patent/CN104686210A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105230350A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2016-01-13 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | Novel method for grafting and planting watermelon |
| CN105230350B (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2018-05-22 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of Grafting watermelon implantation methods |
| CN105875206A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-08-24 | 无锡市黄土塘西瓜专业合作社 | Watermelon grafted seedling-raising method |
| CN106508434A (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-03-22 | 武汉市农业科学技术研究院作物科学研究所 | Chemical regulating and controlling method for grafting of seedling plants on watermelons |
| CN106717857A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-05-31 | 万源市恒康农业开发有限公司 | A kind of Grafting watermelon method |
| CN106856997A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-06-20 | 贵州村华秋实现代生态农业有限公司 | A kind of engrafting method of Kiwi berry |
| CN107646576A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-02-02 | 潍坊郭牌农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Grafting watermelon method for culturing seedlings |
| CN109874528A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-06-14 | 张骏 | A kind of method of peach stock grafting apple |
| CN111492817A (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2020-08-07 | 湖南大学 | Method for high-position grafting of camellia on camellia plants |
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Application publication date: 20150610 |