CN105230350B - A kind of Grafting watermelon implantation methods - Google Patents
A kind of Grafting watermelon implantation methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN105230350B CN105230350B CN201510660300.7A CN201510660300A CN105230350B CN 105230350 B CN105230350 B CN 105230350B CN 201510660300 A CN201510660300 A CN 201510660300A CN 105230350 B CN105230350 B CN 105230350B
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- grafting
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- watermelon
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 235000012828 Citrullus lanatus var citroides Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 241000219109 Citrullus Species 0.000 title claims abstract 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000088413 Matthiola incana Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 244000241257 Cucumis melo Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 244000270200 Citrullus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 39
- 235000019082 Osmanthus Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 241000333181 Osmanthus Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000000832 Ayote Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000012840 Citrullus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000009854 Cucurbita moschata Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000001980 Cucurbita pepo Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000009804 Cucurbita pepo subsp pepo Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000004345 fruit ripening Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000015136 pumpkin Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000029663 wound healing Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to melon cultivation technical fields, and in particular to be a kind of Grafting watermelon implantation methods, comprise the following steps：Plough make preparation for ploughing and sowing, stock nursery and scion nursery, grafting and transplanting.The present invention is to provide direct planting technologies after a kind of brand-new Grafting watermelon, are not required to through graft seedling growth management phase link, have the advantages that production cost is low, saves space, is easy to operate；Grafting implantation methods grafting survival rate more than 90% using the present invention, and grafting is more sturdy than conventional graft seedling growth health, grafting root system is more flourishing than conventional seedling, and plant strain growth is with the obvious advantage, and yield improves 20 30% than conventional seedling.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to melon cultivation technical fields, and in particular to be a kind of Grafting watermelon implantation methods.
Background technology
The harm of the soil-borne diseases insect pest such as droop is highly susceptible in the production of Curcurbitaceae melon crop, and is then using grafting
Overcome an effective production technology measures of the above problem, thus obtained in melon crop produces commonly used.Watermelon
Grafting common stock has cucurbit, pumpkin, wild watermelon etc..Each watermelon producing region in the plantation scion variety whole nation is not quite similar.Watermelon
The main method of grafting has inarching method, the method for plant propagation with cutting, cleft graft, root pruning and grafting method etc..These engrafting method stocks and scion are all
It sows, is moved after operation console grafting in due course to seedbed cultivation or the direct Grafted Watermelon scion on stock seedbed respectively.Grafting
To improve Grafting watermelon survival rate, seedbed humidity need to generally be kept, reduce scion moisture and steam all through 8-12 days into current afterwards
It rises, in addition, to promote wound healing, seedbed should also keep suitable temperature and illumination, and therefore, grafting seedbed generally requires temperature
Warm, moistening, calm, shading place also need to the facility of control temperature and illumination in the period of inclement condition, as temperature controller,
Hot line, ferment material hotbed etc..Therefore, conventional grafting seedlings-growing method needs special graft seedling growth production site, it is necessary to build anti-
Special greenhouse, the middle canopy culture facility such as cold heat preservation, sun-proof, moisturizing, also need to excess weight super large scope and are transported to plantation after nursery
Ground.
The present invention opens that cotyledon is open and flat, half true leaf pumping in stock two using stock and scion difference nursery, scion seed bud
When unearthed, cotyledon does not open also when (bean sprouts shape), stock and scion seedling are transported to plantation rand and grafted on the spot from soil, is often grafted
Just directly grafting is planted in 20min after a collection of seedling and is carried out to field, and with Silver Grey Mulching Film with Small plastic shed mulching method
Single plant covers.Later about through 8-12d, grafting is fully achieved nature and survives for plantation.It is directly entered field routinely production cultivation
Management.Using the technology of the present invention, special graft seedling growth production site is not required to, it is special big to be not required to cold-proof heat insulation, sun-proof, moisturizing etc.
Canopy, middle canopy culture facility, are not required to the transport of excess weight super large scope, and method is simply just gone, moreover it is possible to reduce disease and infect probability, grafting
Seedling root system is more flourishing than conventional seedling, and health is sturdy, and plant strain growth is with the obvious advantage, and grows soon, blooms morning of bearing fruit, and can reduce
Labour puts into, and saves production cost.
The information for being disclosed in the background section is merely intended to increase the understanding of the general background to the present invention, without answering
When being considered as recognizing or imply that the information structure has been the prior art well known to persons skilled in the art in any form.
The content of the invention
The defects of in order to overcome the prior art, the present invention carry rice shoot after Grafting watermelon stock and scion seedling is cultivated
It grafts from soil to plantation rand, in time directly plants grafting to field on the spot after often grafting a collection of seedling, and with mulch with small
Shed mulching method carries out single plant covering.Special graft seedling growth place is not required to concentrate nursery, grafting direct after surviving naturally
Cultivation management is routinely produced into field.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem with following technical solution：
A kind of Grafting watermelon implantation methods, comprise the following steps：
(1) plough and make preparation for ploughing and sowing：In growth of watermelon period, planting site is ploughed deeply into hack by production routine and has applied base manure, and is drawn
Set plantation row, kind plant hole；
(2) stock nursery and scion nursery：The local common stock variety sowing of stock nursery selection, is educated using plastics cave dish
Seedling, sowing time shift to an earlier date 10-15d than scion nursery, obtain the rootstock seedling of grafting；Scion nursery selection plants watermelon as landlord
Then kind carries out nursery in the pallet that clean river sand is matrix is placed with, obtains the scion seedling of grafting；
(3) graft：The rootstock seedling cultivated and scion seedling are transported to plantation rand on the spot from soil grafting plantation, seedling to be grafted
It is fully achieved after nature survives, i.e., routinely produces cultivation management.
Preferably, rootstock seedling described in step (2) is 2 cotyledons are open and flat, seedling of half true leaf pumping；Described connects
Fringe seedling is the seedling when seed bud is unearthed, cotyledon does not open also.
Preferably, the concretely comprising the following steps from soil grafting plantation on the spot described in step (3)：
(A) grafting operation place, workbench, grafting tool are chosen, then routinely tip cutting connection is grafted；
(B) when grafting, rootstock seedling is connected into root and is pulled up from soil, then concentrate grafting on the table, after often grafting a collection of seedling
By grafting field planting to field in 20min；
(C) often it is colonized one plant of grafting and drenches sufficient root water immediately later, and list is carried out with Small plastic shed mulching method with mulch
Strain covering.
Preferably, the mulch described in step (C) is Silver Grey Mulching Film or white mulch.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
(1) grafting implantation methods of the invention are not required to special greenhouse, the middle canopy culture facility such as cold-proof heat insulation, sun-proof, moisturizing,
Reduce many productions and manually investment.
(2) grafting implantation methods of the invention are not required to look for special graft seedling growth production site, the advantage of no occupation of land.
(3) grafting implantation methods of the invention are not required to excess weight super large scope and transport grafting, and method is simply just gone.
(4) disease-free infection probability during the grafting survival and growth that grafting implantation methods of the invention are cultivated, survival rate
Up to more than 90%, grafting is more sturdy than the concentrations routine graft seedling growth health such as batch production.
(5) grafting implantation methods of the invention concentrate seedbed nursing links (about 15-20 days spring) after reducing grafting, subtract
Few labour's input, saves production cost.
(6) grafting that grafting implantation methods using the present invention are cultivated is no to there is shifting directly in planting site survival and growth
The restoration ecosystem phase is planted, so grafting is faster than conventional seedbed system seedling early growth, is bloomed morning of bearing fruit.
(7) the grafting root system that grafting implantation methods using the present invention are cultivated is more flourishing than conventional seedling, and plant strain growth is excellent
Gesture is apparent, and yield improves 20-30% than conventional seedling.
(8) the grafting production cost that grafting implantation methods using the present invention are cultivated is than every plant of conventional seedbed system production cost
Economization 0.4-0.6 members.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail with reference to specific embodiment, it is to be understood that of the invention
Protection domain be not restricted by specific implementation.
Embodiment 1：A kind of Grafting watermelon implantation methods, comprise the following steps：
(1) plough and make preparation for ploughing and sowing：In growth of watermelon period, planting site is ploughed deeply into hack by production routine and has applied base manure, and is drawn
Set plantation row, kind plant hole；
(2) stock nursery and scion nursery：The local common cucurbit cultivars sowing of stock nursery selection, using plastics cave dish
Nursery, sowing time shift to an earlier date 10d than scion nursery, obtain the rootstock seedling of grafting；Scion nursery selection plants watermelon as landlord
Then the emerging osmanthus No.1 of kind carries out nursery in the pallet that clean river sand is matrix is placed with, obtains the scion seedling of grafting；Institute
The rootstock seedling stated is 2 cotyledons are open and flat, seedling of half true leaf pumping；The scion seedling is to treat that seed bud is unearthed, cotyledon is not opened also
Seedling when opening；
(3) graft：The rootstock seedling cultivated and scion seedling are transported to plantation rand on the spot from soil grafting plantation, seedling to be grafted
It is fully achieved after nature survives, i.e., routinely produces cultivation management；The concretely comprising the following steps from soil grafting plantation on the spot：
(A) grafting operation place, workbench, grafting tool are chosen, then routinely tip cutting connection is grafted；
(B) when grafting, rootstock seedling is connected into root and is pulled up from soil, then concentrate grafting on the table, after often grafting a collection of seedling
By grafting field planting to field in 20min；
(C) often it is colonized one plant of grafting and drenches sufficient root water immediately later, and list is carried out with Small plastic shed mulching method with mulch
Strain covering；The mulch is Silver Grey Mulching Film.
In March, 2015, in Nanning Jiangnan District Yan'an town watermelon producing region, method progress watermelon using the present invention is transferred
Comparative test is planted in inoculation, and graft stock kind is local common cucurbit cultivars, and scion variety is emerging osmanthus No.1 (the small kylin of watermelon
Type), using 1600 plants of the method for the present invention grafting plantation, 10 mu of cultivated area converts into mu and plants 160 plants, while sets routine
Grafting control, 10 mu of cultivated area, mu plant 160 plants.Fruit maturation harvesting in June, what the engrafting method of the present embodiment obtained
Watermelon mean fruit weight is 6.5kg, and it is 3200.0kg/ mus to convert into per mu yield, and solid content is 12.0% (referring to table 1).
Embodiment 2：A kind of Grafting watermelon implantation methods, comprise the following steps：
(1) plough and make preparation for ploughing and sowing：In growth of watermelon period, planting site is ploughed deeply into hack by production routine and has applied base manure, and is drawn
Set plantation row, kind plant hole；
(2) stock nursery and scion nursery：The local common pumpkin variety sowing of stock nursery selection, using plastics cave dish
Nursery, sowing time shift to an earlier date 15d than scion nursery, obtain the rootstock seedling of grafting；Scion nursery selection plants watermelon as landlord
Then the emerging osmanthus No.1 of kind carries out nursery in the pallet that clean river sand is matrix is placed with, obtains the scion seedling of grafting；Institute
The rootstock seedling stated is 2 cotyledons are open and flat, seedling of half true leaf pumping；The scion seedling is to treat that seed bud is unearthed, cotyledon is not opened also
Seedling when opening；
(3) graft：The rootstock seedling cultivated and scion seedling are transported to plantation rand on the spot from soil grafting plantation, seedling to be grafted
It is fully achieved after nature survives, i.e., routinely produces cultivation management；The concretely comprising the following steps from soil grafting plantation on the spot：
(A) grafting operation place, workbench, grafting tool are chosen, then routinely tip cutting connection is grafted；
(B) when grafting, rootstock seedling is connected into root and is pulled up from soil, then concentrate grafting on the table, after often grafting a collection of seedling
By grafting field planting to field in 20min；
(C) often it is colonized one plant of grafting and drenches sufficient root water immediately later, and list is carried out with Small plastic shed mulching method with mulch
Strain covering；The mulch is white mulch.
In March, 2015, in Nanning Jiangnan District Yan'an town watermelon producing region, method progress watermelon using the present invention is transferred
Comparative test is planted in inoculation, and graft stock kind is local common pumpkin variety, and scion variety is emerging osmanthus No.1 (the small kylin of watermelon
Type), 1600 plants are planted altogether using the method for the present invention grafting, and 10 mu of cultivated area converts into mu and plants 160 plants, while sets normal
Rule grafting control, 10 mu of cultivated area, mu plant 160 plants.June, fruit maturation harvested, and the engrafting method in the present embodiment obtains
The watermelon mean fruit weight arrived is 6.7kg, and it is 3350.0kg/ mus to convert into per mu yield, and solid content is 11.8% (referring to table 1).
Embodiment 3：A kind of Grafting watermelon implantation methods, comprise the following steps：
(1) plough and make preparation for ploughing and sowing：In growth of watermelon period, planting site is ploughed deeply into hack by production routine and has applied base manure, and is drawn
Set plantation row, kind plant hole；
(2) stock nursery and scion nursery：The local common wild watermelon kind sowing of stock nursery selection, using plastics
Hole plate seedling growth, sowing time shift to an earlier date 12d than scion nursery, obtain the rootstock seedling of grafting；Scion nursery selection is planted as landlord
Then the emerging osmanthus No.1 of variety of watermelon carries out nursery in the pallet that clean river sand is matrix is placed with, obtains the scion of grafting
Seedling；The rootstock seedling is 2 cotyledons are open and flat, seedling of half true leaf pumping；The scion seedling for treat seed bud be unearthed, cotyledon also
Seedling when not opening；
(3) graft：The rootstock seedling cultivated and scion seedling are transported to plantation rand on the spot from soil grafting plantation, seedling to be grafted
It is fully achieved after nature survives, i.e., routinely produces cultivation management；The concretely comprising the following steps from soil grafting plantation on the spot：
(A) grafting operation place, workbench, grafting tool are chosen, then routinely tip cutting connection is grafted；
(B) when grafting, rootstock seedling is connected into root and is pulled up from soil, then concentrate grafting on the table, after often grafting a collection of seedling
By grafting field planting to field in 20min；
(C) often it is colonized one plant of grafting and drenches sufficient root water immediately later, and list is carried out with Small plastic shed mulching method with mulch
Strain covering；The mulch is Silver Grey Mulching Film.
In March, 2015, in Nanning Jiangnan District Yan'an town watermelon producing region, method progress watermelon using the present invention is transferred
Comparative test is planted in inoculation, and graft stock kind is local common wild watermelon kind, and scion variety is (small for the emerging osmanthus No.1 of watermelon
Kylin type), using 1600 plants of the method for the present invention grafting plantation, 10 mu of cultivated area converts into mu and plants 160 plants, sets simultaneously
Conventional grafting control, 10 mu of cultivated area, mu plant 160 plants.Fruit maturation harvesting in June, the engrafting method of the present embodiment obtain
The watermelon mean fruit weight arrived is 6.3kg, and it is 3160.0kg/ mus to convert into per mu yield, and solid content is 12.2% (referring to table 1).
1 Grafting watermelon implantation methods of the present invention of table obtain the growth performance of watermelon
Compared with conventional engrafting method, growth of watermelon method of the invention can greatly save facility and labour's input, section
About production cost, while it is more than conventional engrafting method to graft the indexs such as shoot survival percent, single fruit weight, per mu yield, solid content, this
The method of invention has good promotion prospect in Grafting watermelon cultivation production.
The description of the foregoing specific exemplary embodiment to the present invention is in order to illustrate and illustration purpose.These descriptions
It is not wishing to limit the invention to disclosed precise forms, and it will be apparent that according to the above instruction, can much be changed
And variation.The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiment is that explain that the certain principles of the present invention and its reality should
With so that those skilled in the art can realize and utilize the present invention a variety of exemplary implementation schemes and
Various chooses and changes.The scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by claims and its equivalents.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of Grafting watermelon implantation methods, which is characterized in that comprise the following steps：
(1) plough and make preparation for ploughing and sowing：In growth of watermelon period, planting site is ploughed deeply into hack by production routine and has applied base manure, and delimited
Plantation row, kind plant hole；
(2) stock nursery and scion nursery：The local common stock variety sowing of stock nursery selection, using plastics cave dish nursery,
Its sowing time shifts to an earlier date 10-15d than scion nursery, obtains the rootstock seedling of grafting；Scion nursery selection plants watermelon product as landlord
Kind, nursery then is carried out in the pallet that clean river sand is matrix is placed with, obtains the scion seedling of grafting；
(3) graft：The rootstock seedling cultivated and scion seedling are transported to plantation rand to plant from soil grafting on the spot, seedling to be grafted is complete
Reach after nature survives, i.e., routinely produce cultivation management；
Rootstock seedling described in step (2) is 2 cotyledons are open and flat, seedling of half true leaf pumping；The scion seedling is to treat seed bud
It is unearthed, seedling when cotyledon does not open also；
Concretely comprising the following steps from soil grafting plantation on the spot described in step (3)：
(A) grafting operation place, workbench, grafting tool are chosen, then routinely tip cutting connection is grafted；
(B) when grafting, rootstock seedling is connected into root and is pulled up from soil, then concentrate grafting on the table, often graft 20min after a collection of seedling
It is interior that grafting is colonized to field；
(C) often it is colonized one plant of grafting and drenches sufficient root water immediately later, and single plant is carried out with Small plastic shed mulching method with mulch and is covered
Lid；
Mulch described in step (C) is Silver Grey Mulching Film or white mulch.
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| CN201510660300.7A CN105230350B (en) | 2015-10-12 | 2015-10-12 | A kind of Grafting watermelon implantation methods |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510660300.7A CN105230350B (en) | 2015-10-12 | 2015-10-12 | A kind of Grafting watermelon implantation methods |
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| CN105230350B true CN105230350B (en) | 2018-05-22 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102907264A (en) * | 2012-10-13 | 2013-02-06 | 南京市蔬菜科学研究所 | Method for raising watermelon seedlings by dual-root-cutting grafting |
| CN104686210A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-06-10 | 重庆茂升林业开发有限公司 | Method for grafting watermelons and culturing grafted seedlings |
| CN104770182A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-07-15 | 吴迪 | Organic planting process for watermelons |
-
2015
- 2015-10-12 CN CN201510660300.7A patent/CN105230350B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102907264A (en) * | 2012-10-13 | 2013-02-06 | 南京市蔬菜科学研究所 | Method for raising watermelon seedlings by dual-root-cutting grafting |
| CN104686210A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-06-10 | 重庆茂升林业开发有限公司 | Method for grafting watermelons and culturing grafted seedlings |
| CN104770182A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-07-15 | 吴迪 | Organic planting process for watermelons |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 南方早春西瓜嫁接育苗技术;段华等;《中国瓜菜》;20090905(第5期);第51-53页 * |
| 夏秋季西瓜嫁接育苗技术要点;陈伟;《江西农业学报》;20060228(第1期);第123、125页 * |
| 西瓜双断根嫁接与基质育苗技术;张娟等;《中国瓜菜》;20120505(第3期);第44-45页 * |
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| CN105230350A (en) | 2016-01-13 |
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