CN104663382A - Seedling raising method of tomato seed - Google Patents

Seedling raising method of tomato seed Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104663382A
CN104663382A CN201310621372.1A CN201310621372A CN104663382A CN 104663382 A CN104663382 A CN 104663382A CN 201310621372 A CN201310621372 A CN 201310621372A CN 104663382 A CN104663382 A CN 104663382A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
seedling
seed
tomato seeds
tomato
water
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Pending
Application number
CN201310621372.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘泽华
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Qingdao Xin Runtu Nursery Stock Specialty Co-Operative Organization
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Qingdao Xin Runtu Nursery Stock Specialty Co-Operative Organization
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Qingdao Xin Runtu Nursery Stock Specialty Co-Operative Organization filed Critical Qingdao Xin Runtu Nursery Stock Specialty Co-Operative Organization
Priority to CN201310621372.1A priority Critical patent/CN104663382A/en
Publication of CN104663382A publication Critical patent/CN104663382A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics

Abstract

The invention discloses a seedling raising method of a tomato seed. The seedling raising method is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) selecting the seed; (2) accelerating germination; (3) preparing a seedbed; (4) performing seedling raising management; (5) transplanting; (6) applying fertilizer; (7) performing final period management. The development of adventitious roots is promoted by adding salicylic acid, so the root system is more developed, and the success rate after transplantation of a seedling is greatly improved. The method has a simple process and is convenient to operate; the tomato seed germination speed, the germination rate and the uniformity can be effectively improved by combining germination and the seedling raising mode, the seedling quality is improved, robust seedling is cultivated, the tomato non-production time is shortened, and an efficient method is provided for large-scale seedling production required by the tomato planting industry.

Description

A kind of seedling-cultivating method of tomato seeds
Technical field
The invention belongs to seed breeding field, be specifically related to a kind of seedling-cultivating method of tomato seeds.
Background technology
Tomato (Tomato) calls tomato, tomato, ancient name persimmon in June, report of good news ternary.In Peru and Mexico, be referred to as at first " wolf peach ".Fruits nutrition enriches, tool flavour.Can eat raw, cook, be processed into catsup, juice or whole fruit canning.Tomato is that one of fruit and vegetable the most general are cultivated in the whole world.The U.S., the Soviet Union, Italy and China are major country of production.Country in Europe, the United States continent, China and Japan have large area greenhouse, plastic tunnel and other protecting field facility cultivations.Generally plant all over China.Area under cultivation still expands in continuation.In recent years in order to improve the output of tomato, keeping away in the course of cultivation and unavoidable using various agricultural chemicals, the fruits and vegetables dispelling machine using Germany technology to produce before suggestion is edible to remove after residue of pesticide safe edible again.
Everyly can cause that blastogenesis is long, Dormant bud development and seed sprouting, or the measure occurred before impelling these, is all called vernalization.Vernalization ensures that seed is after suctioning moisture, impels the nutrient in seed to decompose running rapidly, the important measures of supply rataria growth.The suitable conditions such as general moisture and temperature are that seed sprouting is required, but to hardseed, Temperature Treatment is also effective mostly.
Still there is limitation in current breeding, such as, germinates irregular, and seedling bed maintenance time is long; If temperature and moisture control accidentally during vernalization, by active for the embryo affecting seed; The nursery stage is larger by the limitation of natural temperature and illumination condition.Tomato has specific requirement to temperature, humidity, moisture and illumination between nursery stage, therefore its germination rate and germination vigor lower, seedling early growth is more weak, have impact on the survival rate after transplanting.How to invent a kind of method for breeding tomato, make it have high yield, have great importance.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of seedling-cultivating method of tomato seeds, it is characterized in that, described breeding method comprises the steps:
(1) choose seeds: select even, full, without damage by disease and insect, water content lower than 15% tomato seeds, sealing preservation;
(2) vernalization: after the liquor potassic permanganate put into by tomato seeds containing salicylic acid 0.05-0.5mmol/L soaks 2-3h, seed is pulled out, dries, then put into liquor potassic permanganate and soak 2-3h, so 3-5 time repeatedly, total seed soaking time 12-16 hour;
(3) seedbed prepares: in green house, build into seedbed with seedling medium, and 1500-1800 times of thiophanate methyl solution of drenching, wait to dry in the air to half-dried; Described seedling medium is by fertilizer: become thoroughly decomposed coconut palm chaff: the ratio mixing of particulate river sand=1-1.5:1:2;
(4) seedling management: the shallow ridges outputing dark 3-4cm on seedbed, treat that 60% bud shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, by the tomato seeds through vernalization process according to line space 10cm, seed spacing be 1-2cm specification equably row broadcast in shallow ridges, put into the 1-2% conditioning agent of seed weight again, normal rich water quality management;
(5) transplant: the transplantation of seedlings growing 3-4 sheet leaf is entered in nutritious bag, water of drenching, put into cool canopy management, keep Nutrition Soil moistening;
(6) apply fertilizer: with 667m 2execute the chicken manure 2000-2200kg, diamines 10-12kg and the urea 50-55kg that become thoroughly decomposed, after transplanting, pour water immediately;
(7) final-period management: often pour water once in 2-3 days in two weeks after transplanting, after slow seedling, pour water for 10-15 days 1 time; Spread fertilizer over the fields urea in conjunction with pouring water according to every mu of 5-6kg, what soil fertility was lower imposes two ammoniums in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage according to every mu of 10-12kg after second time is poured water.
The seedling-cultivating method of above-mentioned a kind of tomato seeds, is characterized in that, seed soaking condition is temperature 24 ± 2 DEG C, and illumination is 2200-2700Lx.
The seedling-cultivating method of above-mentioned a kind of tomato seeds, is characterized in that, in described step (3), coconut palm chaff is the acid-treated coconut palm chaff that becomes thoroughly decomposed.
The seedling-cultivating method of above-mentioned a kind of tomato seeds, is characterized in that, in described step (3), fertilizer is the animal wastes of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
The seedling-cultivating method of above-mentioned a kind of tomato seeds, is characterized in that, in described step (3) until seed germination and after exposing Shamian Island, keeps cool canopy humidity at 70-80%, temperature of shed 26-31 DEG C.
The seedling-cultivating method of above-mentioned a kind of tomato seeds, is characterized in that, the conditioning agent in described step (4) by gibberellin 90-110ppm, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 70-90ppm, spend many No. 1 160-190ppm to form.
The beneficial effect of the invention:
Add the generation that salicylic acid facilitates adventive root, make root system more flourishing, substantially increase the survival rate after kind of transplantation of seedlings.Process of the present invention is simple; easy to operate; combine can effectively improve Tomato Seeds Germination speed, germination rate and regularity by vernalization and seedling raising manners; promote seedling quality; cultivate healthy and strong seedling; shorten tomato time period of immaturity, the scale seeling industry needed for tomato planting industry provides a kind of method efficiently.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Select even, full, without damage by disease and insect, water content lower than 15% tomato seeds, sealing preserve; After the liquor potassic permanganate put into containing salicylic acid 0.05mmol/L soaks 2 h by tomato seeds, seed is pulled out, dries, put into liquor potassic permanganate again, control temperature 24 ± 2 DEG C, illumination is 2200Lx, soak 2h, 3 times so repeatedly, total seed soaking time 12 hours; Seedbed is built into seedling medium in green house, and 1500 times of thiophanate methyl solution of drenching, wait to dry in the air to half-dried; Described seedling medium is by the chicken manure become thoroughly decomposed: become thoroughly decomposed acid-treated coconut palm chaff: the mixing of the ratio of particulate river sand=1:1:2, after exposing Shamian Island, keeps cool canopy humidity 70%, temperature of shed 26 DEG C until seed germination.Seedbed is outputed the shallow ridges of dark 3cm, treat that 60% bud shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, by the tomato seeds through vernalization process according to line space 10cm, seed spacing be 1cm specification equably row broadcast in shallow ridges, put into 1% of seed weight again by gibberellin 90ppm, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 70ppm, the conditioning agent of spending many No. 1 160ppm to form, normal rich water quality management; The transplantation of seedlings growing 3-4 sheet leaf is entered in nutritious bag, water of drenching, put into cool canopy management, keep Nutrition Soil moistening; With 667m 2execute the chicken manure 2000kg, diamines 10kg and the urea 50kg that become thoroughly decomposed, after transplanting, pour water immediately; Within every 2 days, pour water once in two weeks after transplanting, after slow seedling, within 10 days, pour water 1 time; Spread fertilizer over the fields urea in conjunction with pouring water according to every mu of 5kg, what soil fertility was lower imposes two ammoniums in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage according to every mu of 10kg after second time is poured water.
Embodiment 2
Select even, full, without damage by disease and insect, water content lower than 15% tomato seeds, sealing preserve; After the liquor potassic permanganate put into containing salicylic acid 0.5mmol/L soaks 3h by tomato seeds, seed is pulled out, dries, put into liquor potassic permanganate again, control temperature 24 ± 2 DEG C, illumination is 2700Lx, soak 3h, 5 times so repeatedly, total seed soaking time 16 hours; Seedbed is built into seedling medium in green house, and 1800 times of thiophanate methyl solution of drenching, wait to dry in the air to half-dried; Described seedling medium be by
The chicken manure become thoroughly decomposed: become thoroughly decomposed acid-treated coconut palm chaff: the ratio mixing of particulate river sand=1.5:1:2, until seed germination and after exposing Shamian Island, keeps cool canopy humidity 80%, temperature of shed 31 DEG C.Seedbed is outputed the shallow ridges of dark 4cm, treat that 60% bud shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, by the tomato seeds through vernalization process according to line space 10cm, seed spacing be 2cm specification equably row broadcast in shallow ridges, put into 2% of seed weight again by gibberellin 110ppm, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 90ppm, the conditioning agent of spending many No. 1 190ppm to form, normal rich water quality management; The transplantation of seedlings growing 3-4 sheet leaf is entered in nutritious bag, water of drenching, put into cool canopy management, keep Nutrition Soil moistening; With 667m 2execute the chicken manure 2200kg, diamines 12kg and the urea 55kg that become thoroughly decomposed, after transplanting, pour water immediately; Often within 2-3 days, pour water once in two weeks after transplanting, after slow seedling, within 15 days, pour water 1 time; Spread fertilizer over the fields urea in conjunction with pouring water according to every mu of 6kg, what soil fertility was lower imposes two ammoniums in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage according to every mu of 12kg after second time is poured water.
Control group experimental technique: get 5g tomato seeds (about 5000) with 30 DEG C of Seed soakings 16 hours in contrast.Seed selection, seed-soaking method and the same experimental group of seed soaking condition.
Evaluation metrics: germination vigor germination vigor (%)=7 day chitting piece number ÷ seed sum × 100% adding up seed for 7 days afterwards, within 10 days, add up germination rate germination rate (%)=10 day chitting piece number ÷ seed sum of seed × measure plant weights after 100%, 30 days afterwards.
Result part table 1:
Table 1 liquor potassic permanganate and salicylic acid are on the impact of tomato seeds vernalization
Interpretation of result:
As can be seen from table 1, adopt experimental group germination accelerating method significantly promote germination vigor, the germination rate of tomato seeds.Tomato seeds is minimum, and the seedling obtained is also less, and its root system is again the system of taproot simultaneously, and more difficult when therefore transplanting, survival rate is low.And adopt the complete stool fresh weight of liquor potassic permanganate seed soaking seedling to be obviously greater than contrast, and in liquor potassic permanganate, add the generation that salicylic acid facilitates adventive root, make root system more flourishing, substantially increase the survival rate after kind of transplantation of seedlings.Employing liquor potassic permanganate is soaked seed, total seed soaking time be 12-14 hour best, also shorten than adopting the time needed for common Seed soaking.

Claims (6)

1. a seedling-cultivating method for tomato seeds, is characterized in that, described breeding method comprises the steps:
(1) choose seeds: select even, full, without damage by disease and insect, water content lower than 15% tomato seeds, sealing preservation;
(2) vernalization: after the liquor potassic permanganate put into by tomato seeds containing salicylic acid 0.05-0.5mmol/L soaks 2-3h, seed is pulled out, dries, then put into liquor potassic permanganate and soak 2-3h, so 3-5 time repeatedly, total seed soaking time 12-16 hour;
(3) seedbed prepares: in green house, build into seedbed with seedling medium, and 1500-1800 times of thiophanate methyl solution of drenching, wait to dry in the air to half-dried; Described seedling medium is by fertilizer: become thoroughly decomposed coconut palm chaff: the ratio mixing of particulate river sand=1-1.5:1:2;
(4) seedling management: the shallow ridges outputing dark 3-4cm on seedbed, treat that 60% bud shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, by the tomato seeds through vernalization process according to line space 10cm, seed spacing be 1-2cm specification equably row broadcast in shallow ridges, put into the 1-2% conditioning agent of seed weight again, normal rich water quality management;
(5) transplant: the transplantation of seedlings growing 3-4 sheet leaf is entered in nutritious bag, water of drenching, put into cool canopy management, keep Nutrition Soil moistening;
(6) apply fertilizer: with 667m 2execute the chicken manure 2000-2200kg, diamines 10-12kg and the urea 50-55kg that become thoroughly decomposed, after transplanting, pour water immediately;
(7) final-period management: often pour water once in 2-3 days in two weeks after transplanting, after slow seedling, pour water for 10-15 days 1 time; Spread fertilizer over the fields urea in conjunction with pouring water according to every mu of 5-6kg, what soil fertility was lower imposes two ammoniums in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage according to every mu of 10-12kg after second time is poured water.
2. according to the seedling-cultivating method of a kind of tomato seeds described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, seed soaking condition is temperature 24 ± 2 DEG C, and illumination is 2200-2700Lx.
3. according to the seedling-cultivating method of a kind of tomato seeds described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (3), coconut palm chaff is the acid-treated coconut palm chaff that becomes thoroughly decomposed.
4. according to the seedling-cultivating method of a kind of tomato seeds described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (3), fertilizer is the animal wastes of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
5. according to the seedling-cultivating method of a kind of tomato seeds described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (3) until seed germination and after exposing Shamian Island, keep cool canopy humidity at 70-80%, temperature of shed 26-31 DEG C.
6., according to the seedling-cultivating method of a kind of tomato seeds described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the conditioning agent in described step (4) by gibberellin 90-110ppm, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 70-90ppm, spend many No. 1 160-190ppm to form.
CN201310621372.1A 2013-11-30 2013-11-30 Seedling raising method of tomato seed Pending CN104663382A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105103711A (en) * 2015-08-19 2015-12-02 单县绿丰种业有限公司 Germination method for tomato seeds
CN105660092A (en) * 2015-12-29 2016-06-15 安徽有机良庄农业科技发展有限公司 Method for green plantation of fineleaf schizonepeta herb in solar greenhouse
CN107135885A (en) * 2017-06-07 2017-09-08 合肥申沃园艺有限公司 A kind of method for culturing seedlings for improving plant percent
CN107241980A (en) * 2017-05-18 2017-10-13 杭州朵云生态农业有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of Organic tomato
CN108094075A (en) * 2018-01-17 2018-06-01 安徽省华禾种业有限公司 A kind of primary tomato seed breeding method

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105103711A (en) * 2015-08-19 2015-12-02 单县绿丰种业有限公司 Germination method for tomato seeds
CN105660092A (en) * 2015-12-29 2016-06-15 安徽有机良庄农业科技发展有限公司 Method for green plantation of fineleaf schizonepeta herb in solar greenhouse
CN107241980A (en) * 2017-05-18 2017-10-13 杭州朵云生态农业有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of Organic tomato
CN107135885A (en) * 2017-06-07 2017-09-08 合肥申沃园艺有限公司 A kind of method for culturing seedlings for improving plant percent
CN108094075A (en) * 2018-01-17 2018-06-01 安徽省华禾种业有限公司 A kind of primary tomato seed breeding method

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Application publication date: 20150603