CN104642042A - Method for improving fruit setting rate of walnuts - Google Patents
Method for improving fruit setting rate of walnuts Download PDFInfo
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- CN104642042A CN104642042A CN201510091237.XA CN201510091237A CN104642042A CN 104642042 A CN104642042 A CN 104642042A CN 201510091237 A CN201510091237 A CN 201510091237A CN 104642042 A CN104642042 A CN 104642042A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
The invention provides a method for improving the fruit setting rate of walnuts. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, selecting varieties; secondly, preparing a pollinizer; thirdly, performing fertilizing management; fourthly, spraying fertilizer at the flowering stage; fifthly, thinning male flowers and female flowers; sixthly, artificially pollinating; seventhly, controlling pests. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the steps of selecting varieties, preparing the pollinizer and controlling the pests are implemented one by one according to the growing process of walnut plants, so that the fruit setting rate of the walnut plants is effectively improved, and the quality of fruits is improved while the yield and the income are increased. In addition, the method has the advantages of simplicity, easiness for operation and better popularization value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field improving plant fruit-setting rate, be specifically related to a kind of method improving walnut fruit-setting rate.
Background technology
Walnut, also known as English walnut, Jiang Tao, is Hu Ketao plant, with almond, cashew nut, fibert being called world-renowned " four large dry fruits ".Walnut kernel is the high healthy food of nutrition, and containing abundant nutrient, every hectogram is containing 15 ~ 20 grams, protein, and fat is more, 10 grams, carbohydrate; Various trace elements and the mineral matter such as phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron, selenium of walnut kernel also containing needed by human, and the multivitamin such as carotin, vitamin b3, particularly walnut kernel oil content are very high, wherein more than 90% is unsaturated fatty acid.And unsaturated fatty acid is needed by human and fatty acid-linolenic acid, linoleic acid that self can not synthesize, its energy softening blood vessel, has positive effect to the formation of arteriosclerosis and thrombus.Walnut has effects such as mending brain, benefiting qi and nourishing blood, moistening dryness and resolving phlegm, warm lung ease constipation, strong brain, deeply likes by the general common people, is described as " long live ", " Longevity ".
Walnut strong adaptability, damage by disease and insect be few, management saving of labor, fruit storing is convenient, the life-span is long.At present, China walnut cultivation scope is relatively wider, but causes walnut fruit-setting rate low due to the reason such as breediness, extensive technical management that pollination rate is low, thus affects that walnut yield per unit area is low, fruit quality is poor.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of method improving walnut fruit-setting rate, the method is simple to operate, effectively improves fruit-setting rate, and fruit yield is high, quality better.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
Improve a method for walnut fruit-setting rate, comprise the following steps:
(1) kind is selected: select high-quality, be applicable to local plantation and the walnut product of strong stress resistance;
(2) configure pollinizers: during newly-built Hetaoyuan, male antetype kind and female antetype kind are mutually arranged in pairs or groups and be configured pollinizers, 8 row of often planting plant kind, coordinate 1 row pollinated variety of planting;
(3) fertilizing management: execute rudiment fertilizer spring, the firstfruits phase sets every strain and executes the muck that 30kg fully becomes thoroughly decomposed and add 0.5kg urea, the every strain of trees in richful production period is executed the muck that 60 ~ 90kg fully becomes thoroughly decomposed and is added 1kg urea, autumn, basal dressing was ploughed deeply in combination, the firstfruits phase sets every mu and executes high-quality farmyard manure 3000kg, trees in richful production period every mu executes high-quality farmyard manure 5000kg, adds a small amount of instant nitrogenousfertilizer and phosphate fertilizer;
(4) florescence spray is fertile: at the florescence, sprays plant the blade face urea of 0.3%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5% copper sulphate and the 0.5% borate mixed liquor of 0.5%;
(5) male, female flower is dredged: within 7 ~ 10 days before male flower bud is sprouted, manually dredge male flower, dredge and go 80% ~ 90% hero talk about and only retain a small amount of male flower at tree crown top, after physiology fallen flowers, ovary development manually dredges female flower to when 1 ~ 1.5 centimetre, when every inflorescence 3 is spent above, the ratio of male flower and female flower remains between 1:25 ~ 1:40;
(6) artificial pollination: gather fully-developed male inflorescence from stalwartness tree, spread out in the indoor of aeration-drying and dry in the shade, temperature keeps 20 ~ 25 DEG C, pollen is sifted out when male flower medicine scatters, store for subsequent use after bottling under the condition of ventilation, 2 ~ 5 DEG C of low temperature, female chapiter cracking is in herringbone, column cap projection, when secreting a large amount of mucus and have certain gloss, pollen is mixed in rear loading double gauze bag with starch in the ratio of 1:10, prick tight sack, tie up on bamboo pole, shake above tree crown;
(7) extermination of disease and insect pest: before rudiment, tree crown sprays 3 ~ 5 Baume degrees lime sulfurs, sprays 1 ~ 3 time continuously, smears the 14 Baume degrees lime sulfur dregs of a decoction at trunk and major branch simultaneously.
As optimal technical scheme, in order to meet a large amount of nutrition of walnut florescence needs, and avoiding flower to drop, using 10 ~ 15ppm gibberellin or 5 ~ 10ppm, 2.4-D hormone to combine spray clear water in described step (4) simultaneously and carrying out sprinkling tree crown.
As optimal technical scheme, in order to make pollination more comprehensively, being beneficial to improve fruit-setting rate, after pollen being made in described step (6) the pollen aqueous suspensions of 5000 times, adding the sucrose of 10% and the boric acid of 0.02% and carrying out sprinklings and pollinate.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: this method is by selecting kind, configuration pollinizers and arriving the extermination of disease and insect pest, implement one by one according to the process that walnut plant grows up, effective raising walnut plant fruit-setting rate, while increasing both production and income, improve the quality of fruit, and this method is simple, easy to operate, there is good promotional value.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1
Improve a method for walnut fruit-setting rate, comprise the following steps:
(1) kind is selected: select high-quality, be applicable to local plantation and the walnut product of strong stress resistance;
(2) configure pollinizers: during newly-built Hetaoyuan, male antetype kind and female antetype kind are mutually arranged in pairs or groups and be configured pollinizers, 8 row of often planting plant kind, coordinate 1 row pollinated variety of planting;
(3) fertilizing management: execute rudiment fertilizer spring, the firstfruits phase sets every strain and executes the muck that 30kg fully becomes thoroughly decomposed and add 0.5kg urea, the every strain of trees in richful production period is executed the muck that 60kg fully becomes thoroughly decomposed and is added 1kg urea, autumn, basal dressing was ploughed deeply in combination, the firstfruits phase sets every mu and executes high-quality farmyard manure 3000kg, trees in richful production period every mu executes high-quality farmyard manure 5000kg, adds a small amount of instant nitrogenousfertilizer and phosphate fertilizer;
(4) florescence spray is fertile: at the florescence, sprays plant the blade face urea of 0.3%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5% copper sulphate and the 0.5% borate mixed liquor of 0.5%;
(5) male, female flower is dredged: within 7 days before male flower bud is sprouted, manually dredge male flower, dredge and go 80% hero talk about and only retain a small amount of male flower at tree crown top, after physiology fallen flowers, ovary development manually dredges female flower to when 1 centimetre, when every inflorescence 3 is spent above, the ratio of male flower and female flower remains between 1:25;
(6) artificial pollination: gather fully-developed male inflorescence from stalwartness tree, spread out in the indoor of aeration-drying and dry in the shade, temperature keeps 20 DEG C, pollen is sifted out when male flower medicine scatters, store for subsequent use after bottling under the condition of ventilation, 2 DEG C of low temperature, female chapiter cracking is in herringbone, column cap projection, when secreting a large amount of mucus and have certain gloss, pollen is mixed in rear loading double gauze bag with starch in the ratio of 1:10, prick tight sack, tie up on bamboo pole, shake above tree crown;
(7) extermination of disease and insect pest: before rudiment, tree crown sprays 3 Baume degrees lime sulfurs, sprays 1 time continuously, smears the 14 Baume degrees lime sulfur dregs of a decoction at trunk and major branch simultaneously.
Embodiment 2
Improve a method for walnut fruit-setting rate, comprise the following steps:
(1) kind is selected: select high-quality, be applicable to local plantation and the walnut product of strong stress resistance;
(2) configure pollinizers: during newly-built Hetaoyuan, male antetype kind and female antetype kind are mutually arranged in pairs or groups and be configured pollinizers, 8 row of often planting plant kind, coordinate 1 row pollinated variety of planting;
(3) fertilizing management: execute rudiment fertilizer spring, the firstfruits phase sets every strain and executes the muck that 30kg fully becomes thoroughly decomposed and add 0.5kg urea, the every strain of trees in richful production period is executed the muck that 75kg fully becomes thoroughly decomposed and is added 1kg urea, autumn, basal dressing was ploughed deeply in combination, the firstfruits phase sets every mu and executes high-quality farmyard manure 3000kg, trees in richful production period every mu executes high-quality farmyard manure 5000kg, adds a small amount of instant nitrogenousfertilizer and phosphate fertilizer;
(4) florescence spray is fertile: at the florescence, sprays plant the blade face urea of 0.3%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5% copper sulphate and the 0.5% borate mixed liquor of 0.5%, uses 10 ~ 15ppm gibberellin to combine to spray clear water to carry out sprinkling tree crown simultaneously;
(5) male, female flower is dredged: within 9 days before male flower bud is sprouted, manually dredge male flower, dredge and go 85% hero talk about and only retain a small amount of male flower at tree crown top, after physiology fallen flowers, ovary development manually dredges female flower to when 1.2 centimetres, when every inflorescence 3 is spent above, the ratio of male flower and female flower remains between 1:30;
(6) artificial pollination: gather fully-developed male inflorescence from stalwartness tree, spread out in the indoor of aeration-drying and dry in the shade, temperature keeps 23 DEG C, pollen is sifted out when male flower medicine scatters, store for subsequent use after bottling under the condition of ventilation, 4 DEG C of low temperature, female chapiter cracking is in herringbone, column cap projection, when secreting a large amount of mucus and have certain gloss, pollen is mixed in rear loading double gauze bag with starch in the ratio of 1:10, prick tight sack, tie up on bamboo pole, shake above tree crown;
(7) extermination of disease and insect pest: before rudiment, tree crown sprays 4 Baume degrees lime sulfurs, sprays 2 times continuously, smears the 14 Baume degrees lime sulfur dregs of a decoction at trunk and major branch simultaneously.
Embodiment 3
Improve a method for walnut fruit-setting rate, comprise the following steps:
(1) kind is selected: select high-quality, be applicable to local plantation and the walnut product of strong stress resistance;
(2) configure pollinizers: during newly-built Hetaoyuan, male antetype kind and female antetype kind are mutually arranged in pairs or groups and be configured pollinizers, 8 row of often planting plant kind, coordinate 1 row pollinated variety of planting;
(3) fertilizing management: execute rudiment fertilizer spring, the firstfruits phase sets every strain and executes the muck that 30kg fully becomes thoroughly decomposed and add 0.5kg urea, the every strain of trees in richful production period is executed the muck that 90kg fully becomes thoroughly decomposed and is added 1kg urea, autumn, basal dressing was ploughed deeply in combination, the firstfruits phase sets every mu and executes high-quality farmyard manure 3000kg, trees in richful production period every mu executes high-quality farmyard manure 5000kg, adds a small amount of instant nitrogenousfertilizer and phosphate fertilizer;
(4) florescence spray is fertile: at the florescence, sprays plant the blade face urea of 0.3%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5% copper sulphate and the 0.5% borate mixed liquor of 0.5%, uses 10ppm 2.4-D hormone to combine to spray clear water to carry out sprinkling tree crown simultaneously;
(5) male, female flower is dredged: within 10 days before male flower bud is sprouted, manually dredge male flower, dredge and go 90% hero talk about and only retain a small amount of male flower at tree crown top, after physiology fallen flowers, ovary development manually dredges female flower to when 1.5 centimetres, when every inflorescence 3 is spent above, the ratio of male flower and female flower remains between 1:40;
(6) artificial pollination: gather fully-developed male inflorescence from stalwartness tree, spread out in the indoor of aeration-drying and dry in the shade, temperature keeps 25 DEG C, pollen is sifted out when male flower medicine scatters, store for subsequent use after bottling under the condition of ventilation, 5 DEG C of low temperature, female chapiter cracking, in herringbone, column cap projection, when secreting a large amount of mucus and have certain gloss, after pollen being made into the pollen aqueous suspensions of 5000 times, adding the sucrose of 10% and the boric acid of 0.02% and carries out sprinklings and pollinate;
(7) extermination of disease and insect pest: before rudiment, tree crown sprays 5 Baume degrees lime sulfurs, sprays 1 ~ 3 time continuously, smears the 14 Baume degrees lime sulfur dregs of a decoction at trunk and major branch simultaneously.
It should be pointed out that above case is only the representational example of the present invention.Obviously, technical scheme of the present invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, can also have many sex change.
Claims (3)
1. improve a method for walnut fruit-setting rate, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) kind is selected: select high-quality, be applicable to local plantation and the walnut product of strong stress resistance;
(2) configure pollinizers: during newly-built Hetaoyuan, male antetype kind and female antetype kind are mutually arranged in pairs or groups and be configured pollinizers, 8 row of often planting plant kind, coordinate 1 row pollinated variety of planting;
(3) fertilizing management: execute rudiment fertilizer spring, the firstfruits phase sets every strain and executes the muck that 30kg fully becomes thoroughly decomposed and add 0.5kg urea, the every strain of trees in richful production period is executed the muck that 60 ~ 90kg fully becomes thoroughly decomposed and is added 1kg urea, autumn, basal dressing was ploughed deeply in combination, the firstfruits phase sets every mu and executes high-quality farmyard manure 3000kg, trees in richful production period every mu executes high-quality farmyard manure 5000kg, adds a small amount of instant nitrogenousfertilizer and phosphate fertilizer;
(4) florescence spray is fertile: at the florescence, sprays plant the blade face urea of 0.3%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5% copper sulphate and the 0.5% borate mixed liquor of 0.5%;
(5) male, female flower is dredged: within 7 ~ 10 days before male flower bud is sprouted, manually dredge male flower, dredge and go 80% ~ 90% hero talk about and only retain a small amount of male flower at tree crown top, after physiology fallen flowers, ovary development manually dredges female flower to when 1 ~ 1.5 centimetre, when every inflorescence 3 is spent above, the ratio of male flower and female flower remains between 1:25 ~ 1:40;
(6) artificial pollination: gather fully-developed male inflorescence from stalwartness tree, spread out in the indoor of aeration-drying and dry in the shade, temperature keeps 20 ~ 25 DEG C, pollen is sifted out when male flower medicine scatters, store for subsequent use after bottling under the condition of ventilation, 2 ~ 5 DEG C of low temperature, female chapiter cracking is in herringbone, column cap projection, when secreting a large amount of mucus and have certain gloss, pollen is mixed in rear loading double gauze bag with starch in the ratio of 1:10, prick tight sack, tie up on bamboo pole, shake above tree crown;
(7) extermination of disease and insect pest: before rudiment, tree crown sprays 3 ~ 5 Baume degrees lime sulfurs, sprays 1 ~ 3 time continuously, smears the 14 Baume degrees lime sulfur dregs of a decoction at trunk and major branch simultaneously.
2. a kind of method improving walnut fruit-setting rate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: use 10 ~ 15ppm gibberellin or 5 ~ 10ppm, 2.4-D hormone to combine spray clear water in described step (4) simultaneously and carry out sprinkling tree crown.
3. a kind of method improving walnut fruit-setting rate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: after pollen being made in described step (6) the pollen aqueous suspensions of 5000 times, adds the sucrose of 10% and the boric acid of 0.02% carries out sprinkling pollination.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510091237.XA CN104642042A (en) | 2015-02-28 | 2015-02-28 | Method for improving fruit setting rate of walnuts |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105967931A (en) * | 2016-07-10 | 2016-09-28 | 邓启文 | Foliage fertilizer spraying liquid for jujube trees |
| CN106305281A (en) * | 2016-08-20 | 2017-01-11 | 南京绿宙薄壳山核桃科技有限公司 | Planting method capable of increasing yield of high-quality variety Mahan of carya illinoensis |
| CN106613911A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-10 | 罗志明 | Management method for flowers and fruits of walnut trees |
| CN107306648A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-11-03 | 合肥沁牧生态农业有限公司 | A kind of female antetype walnut promotees the processing method that male flower is early opened |
| CN107410013A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-12-01 | 合肥沁牧生态农业有限公司 | A kind of method of walnut artificial pollination |
| CN107494112A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-12-22 | 合肥沁牧生态农业有限公司 | A kind of male antetype walnut promotees the processing method that female flower is early opened |
| CN110012832A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-07-16 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | A method of Queensland nut percentage of fertile fruit is improved by artificial supplementary pollination |
-
2015
- 2015-02-28 CN CN201510091237.XA patent/CN104642042A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105967931A (en) * | 2016-07-10 | 2016-09-28 | 邓启文 | Foliage fertilizer spraying liquid for jujube trees |
| CN106305281A (en) * | 2016-08-20 | 2017-01-11 | 南京绿宙薄壳山核桃科技有限公司 | Planting method capable of increasing yield of high-quality variety Mahan of carya illinoensis |
| CN106613911A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-10 | 罗志明 | Management method for flowers and fruits of walnut trees |
| CN107306648A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-11-03 | 合肥沁牧生态农业有限公司 | A kind of female antetype walnut promotees the processing method that male flower is early opened |
| CN107410013A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-12-01 | 合肥沁牧生态农业有限公司 | A kind of method of walnut artificial pollination |
| CN107494112A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-12-22 | 合肥沁牧生态农业有限公司 | A kind of male antetype walnut promotees the processing method that female flower is early opened |
| CN107494112B (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2020-11-20 | 宿州青果知识产权服务有限公司 | Processing method for promoting early blossoming of female walnut flowers by using male-first walnut |
| CN110012832A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-07-16 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | A method of Queensland nut percentage of fertile fruit is improved by artificial supplementary pollination |
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