CN104641755B - The land remediation method of discarded Exploit sand and stone field - Google Patents
The land remediation method of discarded Exploit sand and stone field Download PDFInfo
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- CN104641755B CN104641755B CN201410764376.XA CN201410764376A CN104641755B CN 104641755 B CN104641755 B CN 104641755B CN 201410764376 A CN201410764376 A CN 201410764376A CN 104641755 B CN104641755 B CN 104641755B
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Landscapes
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of land remediation method of discarded Exploit sand and stone field, relate to the method and technology field of waste land recycling.Described restorative procedure comprises the following steps: raw material march into the arena by raw material pulverize get the raw materials ready will pulverize after raw material allotment stirring will stirring after raw material heap fermentation use process after raw material carry out decking and rolling, discarded Exploit sand and stone field is filled and led up.The land remediation dispensing of described method is scientific and reasonable, and quality of filling soil height is returned in synthesization, has taken into full account the physical and chemical indexs such as the physical properties such as the bearing capacity in soil, shearing force, and the organic matter of soil, nutrient.Fully ensure that the stability of soil land restoration and good farming function, provide the quality assurance for ecosystem restoration and reconstruction.Being easy to detection and management, economic benefit, ecological benefits, environmental benefit are the highest.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method and technology field of waste land recycling, particularly relate to a kind of discarded Exploit sand and stone
The land remediation method of field.
Background technology
Hebei Province Taihang Mountain, the big mountain system in the Yanshan Mountain two are to Jing-jin-ji region and the fast development of periphery province building industry
Provide good building material.But being ordered about by economic interests, it is general that illegal act is adopted in the unrest wantonly of high intensity
Store-through exists, and the serious ecological that the most thus caused destroys and the problem such as exposed area environmental pollution after exploitation,
Not only have impact on the normal activity of mining area's periphery agricultural, and accelerate and exacerbate the water and soil of mining area
Run off and periphery farmland or the soil degradation problem of hill.Up to the present, Hebei province is because opening with sandstone in mine
Adopting land occupation sum and reach 5.8 ten thousand hectares, wherein, sandpit takes up an area 1.6 ten thousand hectares, and waste residue takes up an area 4900
Hectare, Tailings Dam takes up an area 2145 hectares.Because being affected by environmental pollution, meet and close in various places from the beginning of this year
Many illegal mining areas disorderly adopted, only to the Zhuozhou of Surrounding Area of Beijing, Laishui, three rivers, Guan County, forever
The ground investigation such as clear, just has more than 300 families (sand) field of illegally quarrying to be torn open by force and stop, destroyed hill
The cubic metre of earth and stone lost with soil reaches about 30 billion cubic meters unexpectedly, and its hill being destroyed and land present status are miserable not
Bearing and see, and a lot of discarded ground after exploiting does not obtains effective recovery management the most always, this is with the most domestic
Extremely nervous land resource forms a pair sharp-pointed contradiction, has tied up substantial amounts of forest land and farmland for a long time,
And also result in a series of ecological environment problem, as increased in atmospheric environment the particulate matters such as PM2.5 and PM10
Source and promote the appearance of floating dust weather.
Land resource is the material base of human survival and social development.In numerous mining areas ecological disruption factor
In, the destruction of land ecosystem is the most also to be the maximum amount of.This not only have lost land resource, also
Likely cause the further pollution of air, water system because of wind erosion, weathering etc., so the repairing of eco-land planning
Become its most critical and most crucial problem again.At present mining area of Hebei province land reclamation rate is only 15%, and
The U.S. after 1977 Newly-built mine land reclamation rate reached 80%.Carry out mining area's land reclamation and ecology
Environment rebuilt, makes the hill being destroyed and soil be recovered and re-use, progressively solves by illegal mining
The society caused, economy and environment problem, and this most become at present our country to resource environment
One of problem that sustainable development gives priority to.Hebei province's environmental quality is more and more serious in recent years, especially
Atmospheric environment.In order to reduce atmospheric pollution granule source, slow down the speed of mountain area soil erosion, alleviate because opening
Adopt the impact on agricultural production, be badly in need of to tear open stop after idle exploitation discarded carry out land reclamation, ecological answer
Cultivate and ecological reconstruction.
For mining area's land reclamation and ecological construction, abroad in the 1950's and the sixties, enter
Epoch that science is reclaimed；After the eighties, mining area's ecological environment reparation stepped into flourishing, send out normally
Exhibition track.This work rudiment of China starts from the fifties in last century, and really obtaining attention is 20th century 80
Age Mo " land reclamation specifies " and the promulgation of the Law on Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China and enforcement.Warp
Cross years of researches and practice, the most create many practical recovery technique sludge composting methods i.e. corruption
Grow earth rammer and fill out one of the technology that renovation technique is its maturation.
Municipal sludge is along with the fast development of urbanization, urban population quantity and municipal sewage plant
Increase, the continuous growth of urban water system, municipal sludge, the storage of city river silt, clear, dispose the most right
Urban environment constitutes threat, and is increasingly becoming the main Environmental Problems in many cities, the world.At present, domestic
Outer Treatment of Sludge and method of disposal are mainly Land_use change, fill, burn and throw sea.Have because filling out in hole
Pest matter passes through rain erosion and leakage pollution subsoil water, and it is high to burn cost, is easily generated atmospheric pollution etc..
Therefore, fill, burn and throw sea the most day by day reduce or be prohibited.And municipal sludge typically contains higher
Organic matter and mineral nutrition (organic 300～600g kg-1, nitrogen 10～40g kg-1With phosphorus 6～15g kg-1)。
According to meter, the organic average content of 29 municipal sludges of China (not including industrial sludge) is 384g kg-1,
Full nitrogen, full phosphorus and full potassium are respectively 27,14.3g kg-1With 7g kg-1；Nitrogen organic, complete, complete
Phosphorus exceeds 1/3～2/3 (full potassium is lower than pure pig manure by 1/3) respectively than pure pig manure, and the content of organic matter becomes in increasing year by year
Gesture.Therefore, municipal sludge forms biological humic soil soil through the composting mode of aerobic fermentation, dehydrate
(biosolids) being applied to different land type has been active and effective disposal options.
Municipal sludge compost is the major way that the most many countries process mud, and it refers at certain condition
Under (such as pH, ventilation, moisture, temperature etc.), the organic wastes such as mud are carried out aerobic compost, be allowed to turn
The process of chemical conversion humus.After compost, mud physical behavior is improved, and quality is loosened, and nutritional labeling increases,
Pathogen, parasitic ovum etc. kill substantially, and heavy metal bio-available Zn concentration reduces, and toxic organic compound degradation rate is put down
All more than 60%.It is near by mud and the compound compost such as house refuse or wood flour, corn shell, crop material
The new process approach that year opens up.And the soil microflora changes in balance that sludge composting causes is the least,
Also long-term to Soil conservation effectiveness；With other biological garbage (such as animal waste) compost, it is possible to decrease ground
The risk that lower water pollutes.In a word, innoxious Treatment of Sludge carries out land remediation utilization and advantageously reduces potential
Polluter and improve fertility, reduce demand to synthetic fertilizer, solve again substantial amounts of city dirty
Mud processes disposes whereabouts.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of land remediation method of discarded Exploit sand and stone field,
The land remediation dispensing of described method is scientific and reasonable, and quality of filling soil height is returned in synthesization, has taken into full account soil
The physical property such as bearing capacity, shearing force, and the biochemical indicator such as the organic matter of soil, oxygen part.Fully ensure that
The stability of soil land restoration and good farming function, provide quality for ecosystem restoration and reconstruction
Ensure.Being easy to detection and management, economic benefit, ecological benefits, environmental benefit are the highest.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of discarded Exploit sand and stone field
Land remediation method, it is characterised in that described restorative procedure comprises the following steps: raw material marches into the arena-by former material
The raw material allotment stirring after getting the raw materials ready-pulverizing-by the raw material heap fermentation-make use after stirring pulverized by material
Raw material after reason carries out decking and rolling, is filled and led up discarded Exploit sand and stone field.
Further technical scheme is: described raw material mainly uses sludge of sewage treatment plant, in described method
In mud carried out the material hardening and tempering process of early stage, the hot fermentation deodorization process in mid-term and the heavy metal in later stage
Clear up technique.
Further technical scheme is: first fill with the tailing waste thing after exploitation and building waste for main
Thing adds sludge of sewage treatment plant and sand, and sludge solidifying agent, paves from bottom, uses engineering machinery
Material is puddled and uniformly carries out rolling, flattening, roll enforcement to be layered, roll intensity and do not sink with excavator
It is main；When away from earth's surface 0.5-1.0 rice, first one layer of clay of pad, 20cm-40cm, then use sewage disposal
Factory's mud, agricultural wastes, forestry waste, discarded HUANGSHATU material, refer and synthesize stirring in proportion, then lead to
Crossing heap fermentation and become peat, paving by layer carries out rolling.
Further technical scheme is: raw material mixing proportion is: by volume, and mud raw material is 45%-55%,
Being agricultural wastes, forestry waste, discarded HUANGSHATU remaining as other, the raw material moisture after blending is grasped
Within 60%, in order to blended feedstock heap fermentation, after fermentation, raw material is the formation of peat, when fermentation water
Can be carried out, during part low 40%, the backfill that paves, the paving thickness of every layer not can exceed that 30cm, rolls intensity and arrives
Till excavator does not sinks, it is desirable to every layer of interval time paved is more than 3 days.
Further technical scheme is: described sludge of sewage treatment plant needs to carry out a biological disposal upon, at biology
Manage and specifically include following steps, the dirty mud as a raw material of the sewage treatment plant that selection harmful heavy metal does not exceeds standard, for
The heavy metal substance passivation prevented in composting process in mud is not enough or the content of beary metal of mud used surpasses
Mark, can take add heavy metal deactivator or strengthen agriculture and forestry organic waste material straw, wood flour, sawdust Organic substance discard
Thing usage amount, makes heavy metal through adsorbing, aoxidize, precipitating, the form such as chelating is fixing further or passivation, protects
The quality safety of card backfill soil；Control for foul smell can be taked to add biological deodorizing fly spray in heap corruption
Journey controls the intensity of foul smell, reduces in sweat, the foul smell pollution to air, improves composting simultaneously
Quality humous.
Further technical scheme is: 1, combine mud and the physical property of other garbage, biochemical characteristic
With general character, carry out accepting or rejecting good and bad melange effect.2, solve at a large amount of sludge stabilizing, innoxious, resource
Put direction, alleviate environmental protection government pressure, optimize environmental health.3, for repairing discarded soil, sand extraction field
Provide nexhaustible quality material, rebuild ecosystem function, reduce PM2.5 and PM10 in air
Deng particulate matter, stop the appearance of floating dust weather.It is that technical advantage integrates application result.
Further technical scheme is: the using dosage of sludge solidifying agent and static pilling up time and temperature strip
Part, selection sludge solidifying agent proportioning should be between 8%-15%, the too low physical property affecting sludge curing, mistake
High impact recovers the breathability in soil, and after adding firming agent, static pilling up time was at 5-7 days, and heap temperature is
Low cannot be below 5 DEG C, the highest not above 30 DEG C, be so conducive to firming agent to play solidification, solidification
Agent consumption economization to be tended to and physical stabilization, fully grasp cost, time, the optimization of solidification three
The reasonability of combination.
Further technical scheme is: the mixing quality of various materials, the selection rotating speed to be selected of blender
Between 50-70/min, at 3cm once, the mixing time in blender can not for the granularity of stirring material
Less than 20 seconds, its mandatory, seriality, mixing time and the uniformity will be taken into full account, various materials and
It is the most uniform more intimate that additive stirring mixes, and the physical absorption between them is the most identical, and chemical reaction is also got over
Fully, obtained physical-chemical reaction effect is the most preferable.
Use and have the beneficial effects that produced by technique scheme: the land remediation dispensing science of described method
Rationally, quality of filling soil height is returned in synthesization, has taken into full account the physical properties such as the bearing capacity in soil, shearing force,
With biochemical indicators such as the organic matter of soil, oxygen parts.Fully ensure that the stability of soil land restoration is with good
Farming function, provide the quality assurance for ecosystem restoration and reconstruction.It is easy to detection and management, economical
Benefit, ecological benefits, environmental benefit are the highest.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clearly and completely
Describe, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole realities
Execute example.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not before making creative work
Put the every other embodiment obtained, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
Elaborate a lot of detail in the following description so that fully understanding the present invention, but the present invention
Other can also be used to be different from alternate manner described here implement, those skilled in the art can be not
Doing similar popularization in the case of running counter to intension of the present invention, therefore the present invention is not by following public specific embodiment
Restriction.
The invention discloses a kind of land remediation method of discarded Exploit sand and stone field, described method mainly include with
Lower step: raw material marches into the arena-raw material is pulverized the raw material allotment stirring after getting the raw materials ready-pulverizing-will be after stirring
Raw material heap fermentation-use process after raw material carry out decking and rolling, discarded Exploit sand and stone field is filled out
Flat.
Damage the land status in district for exploitation, be that the reparation target in farmland should be based on land reclamation, it is achieved
Agricultural tillage is final goal.After preliminary engineering reparation completes, soil should be carried out with green manure, legume etc.
Fostering and apply fertilizer of territory power, improves until soil fertility and carries out proportion of crop planting again to when being suitable for farming.Specifically repair step
Suddenly it is:
1. engineering measure: due to relatively big away from earth's surface drop bottom mining area, therefore first give up with the mine tailing after exploitation
The mud of the main landfill material interpolation such as gurry and building waste 60% and sand attach the mud solidifying of 3%
Agent, paves from bottom, uses the engineering machinery such as excavator, loader, disintegrating machine, blender to be mixed by material
Mix and uniformly carry out rolling, flattening；Roll enforcement to be layered, roll intensity and do not sink based on excavator.?
When the 0.5-1.0 rice of earth's surface, first pad one layer of clay, about 20cm, use municipal sludge agricultural wastes,
Forestry waste, discarded HUANGSHATU material, refer and synthesize stirring in proportion, then become peat by heap fermentation,
Pave by layer and carry out rolling.Raw material mixing proportion is: by volume, and mud raw material is 50%, other
Raw material is 50%, within the raw material moisture after blending rests in 60%, in order to blended feedstock heap fermentation, fermentation
Rear raw material is the formation of peat, can be carried out, when the moisture that ferments is less than 40%, the backfill that paves.Every layer
Paving thickness not can exceed that 30cm, rolls intensity do not sinks to excavator, it is desirable to every layer of interval paved
Time is more than 3 days.
2. biological control measure: in heap corruption technical process, the hot stages maintaining heap body, in order to more have more
The harmful pathogen killed in mud of effect, is passivated or reduces the activity of Heavy Metals in Sludge, it is ensured that hill is repaiied
The normal growth of ecological forest and grass ecosystem after multiple, prevents the harmful substances such as heavy metal by rainfall leaching etc. to periphery
Secondary pollution is caused in area.Meanwhile, in order to reduce the intensity of stink, during heap corruption, add biological deodorant
Reach to control and reduce the intensity of stink with biological fly spray.In order to strengthen the passivation effect of sludge heavy-metal,
Can suitably increase crop material or the addition of other organic materials (such as wood flour, fallen leaves etc.), to ensure
The quality safety of backfill material.
3. prevention and cure of pollution: the main pollution risk utilizing municipal sludge to carry out repairing in arable land is heavy metal-polluted
Dye and pathogen, next to that the foul smell in compost and recovery process distributes.Can select harmful for the former
The organic wastes such as the domestic sludge of the sewage treatment plant that heavy metal does not exceeds standard are raw material, in order to prevent compost mistake
In journey, the not enough or mud used content of beary metal of the passivation of the heavy metal substance in mud exceeds standard, and can take to add
Heavy metal deactivator (such as flyash, bentonite, zeolite, perlite or mud special curing agent etc.) or add
The waste of organic matter usage amounts such as big agriculture and forestry organic waste material straw, wood flour, sawdust, make heavy metal through absorption, oxygen
Change, precipitate, the form such as chelating is fixing further or passivation, it is ensured that the quality safety of backfill soil.For foul smell
Control can take to add biological deodorizing fly spray during heap corruption, control the intensity of foul smell, fall as possible
In low sweat, the foul smell pollution to air, improves composting quality humous simultaneously.
4. quality control: plough repair process will environmental monitoring station, soil, hydraulic department monitoring with
Carry out under supervision, at any time to backfill organic matter humous, total nutrient, water retention, cosmid degree, acid-base value,
The index such as pathogen, heavy metal is tracked detection, as found Indexes Abnormality, does not reaches that " the China people are altogether
With state's Law on Environmental Protection (trying) " in (GB4284-84) agricultural sludge during pollutant catabolic gene standard, adjust at any time
Whole raw material and the proportioning of additive, it is ensured that pollutant catabolic gene standard and the organic matter of backfill soil are not less than 15%,
Total nutrient is not less than 3%, water retention below 40%, pH value between 5.5-6.5, pathogen quantity, weight
Tenor uses standard less than agricultural land.
The reparation that massif exploitation damages is different from the situation of sandpit, and natural hill is formed after ore extraction
Discarded ground.The original topsoil of massif has lost totally, currently mainly with the tailing waste such as stone fragment, stone powder
Thing is main.Opening Bottom of Stope many based on rock mass, simple reparation is unfavorable for crop root growth, even if repairing
After multiple, preservation capacity of water and fertility can be the strongest.Therefore repairing will be to increase vegetation soil layer, to strengthen water after reparation
For the purpose of soil holding capacity, minimizing strong wind airborne dust and reduction surface runoff intensity etc., raw to recover hill forest-grass
State system is main, optionally takes into account drought-resistant agriculture production activity simultaneously.According to existing mining area landform during reparation
Planning, side can combine hydraulic department aptly, builds the rainwater collection projects such as natural impoundment pond, reduces
The water head site or the dry farming crops suitable to part that increase ecological forest and grass ecosystem while water erosion provide water source.
The reparation of hill to be formulated according to " People's Republic of China's law of soil and water conservation " and to work out water and soil conservation side
Case, must meet Water Conservation Ecological Construction requirement.During implementing engineering measure and biological control measure,
To carry out under the monitoring of the departments such as environmental monitoring station, soil, forestry, water conservancy, in strict accordance with " cities and towns are dirty
Water treatment plant's sludge treatment blended landfill mud " (GB/T23485-2009) standard detects, to backfill soil
Organic matter, total nutrient, water retention, fineness of sand, acid-base value, pathogen, the technical specification such as heavy metal enter
Line trace detects, and adjusts raw material and the proportioning of additive at any time, it is ensured that the quality safety of backfill material, it is ensured that repair
Multiple soil layer reaches afforestation and recovers the technology requirement of vegetation.
The using dosage of sludge solidifying agent and static pilling up time and temperature conditions, select sludge solidifying agent proportioning
Should be between 8%-15%, the too low physical property affecting sludge curing, too high impact recovers the breathability in soil,
Add after firming agent static pilling up time at 5-7 days, heap temperature is minimum cannot be below 5 DEG C, the highest can not
Higher than 30 DEG C, firming agent is so conducive to play solidification, hardener dose economization to be tended to and thing
Reason stabilisation, fully grasps the reasonability of the optimum organization of cost, time, solidification three.
The mixing quality of various materials, the selection rotating speed to be selected of blender, between 50-70/min, stirs
At 3cm once, the mixing time in blender cannot be below 20 seconds the granularity of material, will take into full account it
Mandatory, seriality, mixing time and the uniformity, various materials and additive stirring mixing the most uniform
The most intimate, the physical absorption between them is the most identical, and chemical reaction is the most abundant, obtained physical chemistry
Reaction effect is the most preferable.
Claims (6)
1. the land remediation method of a discarded Exploit sand and stone field, it is characterised in that described reparation side
Method comprises the following steps: raw material marches into the arena-raw material is pulverized the raw material after getting the raw materials ready-pulverizing
Allotment stirring-the raw material after the raw material heap fermentation after stirring-use process is spread out
Paving is rolled, and is filled and led up discarded Exploit sand and stone field；
Wherein, first is that main landfill material adds dirt with the tailing waste thing after exploitation and building waste
Water treatment plant's mud and sand, and sludge solidifying agent, pave from bottom, uses engineering machinery
Material is puddled and uniformly carries out rolling, flattening, roll enforcement to be layered, roll intensity to excavate
It is main that machine does not sinks；When away from earth's surface 0.5-1.0 rice, first one layer of clay of pad, 20cm-40cm,
Use sludge of sewage treatment plant, agricultural wastes, forestry waste, discarded HUANGSHATU material again,
Blending stirring in proportion, then become fertile soil by heap fermentation, paving by layer carries out rolling.
The land remediation method of discarded Exploit sand and stone field the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be: described raw material mainly uses sludge of sewage treatment plant, in the process to mud
Carry out the material hardening and tempering process of early stage, the hot fermentation deodorization process in mid-term and the heavy metal in later stage
Passivation technology.
The land remediation method of discarded Exploit sand and stone field the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levying and be: raw material mixing proportion is: by volume, mud raw material is 45%-55%, residue
Other are agricultural wastes, forestry waste, discarded HUANGSHATU, the raw material moisture palm after blending
Within being held in 60%, in order to blended feedstock heap fermentation, after fermentation, raw material is the formation of humic
Soil, when ferment moisture low 40% time can be carried out the backfill that paves, the paving thickness of every layer is not
Can exceed that 30cm, roll intensity do not sinks to excavator, it is desirable to every layer of interval paved
Time is more than 3 days.
The land remediation method of discarded Exploit sand and stone field the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be: described sludge of sewage treatment plant needs to carry out a biological disposal upon, and biological treatment specifically includes
Following steps, the dirty mud as a raw material of the sewage treatment plant that selection harmful heavy metal does not exceeds standard, in order to
The heavy metal substance passivation prevented in composting process in mud is not enough or the heavy metal of mud used
Content overproof, can take add heavy metal deactivator or strengthen agriculture and forestry organic waste material straw, wood flour,
Sawdust waste of organic matter usage amount, makes heavy metal through adsorbing, aoxidize, precipitate, chelate realization
Fix further or passivation, it is ensured that the quality safety of backfill soil；Control for foul smell can be adopted
Take interpolation biological deodorizing fly spray during heap corruption, control the intensity of foul smell, reduce and fermented
Cheng Zhong, the foul smell pollution to air, improves composting quality humous simultaneously.
The land remediation method of discarded Exploit sand and stone field the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be: the using dosage of sludge solidifying agent and static pilling up time and temperature conditions, select dirt
Mud firming agent proportioning should be between 8%-15%, the too low physical property affecting sludge curing, mistake
High impact recovers the breathability in soil, and after adding firming agent, static pilling up time was at 5-7 days, heap
Temperature is minimum cannot be below 5 DEG C, the highest not above 30 DEG C, be so conducive to firming agent to rise
To solidification, hardener dose economization to be tended to and physical stabilization, fully grasp into
Basis, time, the reasonability of optimum organization of solidification three.
6. repair according to the soil of the discarded Exploit sand and stone field described in any one in claim 1-5
Compound recipe method, it is characterised in that: the mixing quality of various materials, the selection of blender to be selected and to be turned
Speed is between 50-70/min, and the granularity of stirring material is below 3cm, stirring in blender
The time of mixing cannot be below 20 seconds, will take into full account its mandatory, seriality, mixing time
With the uniformity, various materials and additive stir the most uniform more intimate, between them of mixing
Physical absorption is the most identical, and chemical reaction is the most abundant, and obtained physical-chemical reaction effect is just
Preferable.
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| CN112189397A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-01-08 | 彭忠先 | Technology and method for regeneration and function reduction of agricultural land |
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