CN111875450A - Soil repairing agent and repairing method for backfill area of coal mining pit - Google Patents
Soil repairing agent and repairing method for backfill area of coal mining pit Download PDFInfo
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- CN111875450A CN111875450A CN202010826589.6A CN202010826589A CN111875450A CN 111875450 A CN111875450 A CN 111875450A CN 202010826589 A CN202010826589 A CN 202010826589A CN 111875450 A CN111875450 A CN 111875450A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/50—Surfactants; Emulsifiers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/70—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting wettability, e.g. drying agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
- C05G5/37—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings layered or coated with a polymer
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/32—Reclamation of surface-mined areas
Abstract
The invention discloses a soil repairing agent for a backfilling area of a coal mining pit and a repairing method, wherein the soil repairing agent for the backfilling area of the coal mining pit comprises the following raw materials: glycerol, pseudomonas, bacillus subtilis, rice bran hemicellulose, sodium polyacrylate, sorbitol, activated carbon, adsorption resin, vermiculite powder, seaweed mud, plant ash, wormcast, phosphate, lime and a water-retaining agent; the repairing method comprises the following steps: s1, crushing the coal gangue and then backfilling the crushed coal gangue to the bottom of the pit; s2, preparing the soil remediation agent for the backfill area of the coal mining pit into an aqueous solution to carry out multiple times of leaching on soil; s3, establishing grass grids in the pit-picking backfill area; s4, covering soil on the surface layer of the soil in the pit-mining backfill area; s5, irrigating the covering soil of the pit-picking backfill area; s6, planting green on the soil covering the pit backfilling area; the soil restoration is carried out to the mining backfill area through physical restoration, chemical restoration, microbial restoration, the many first-in-ones of phytoremediation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine pit soil remediation, in particular to a soil remediation agent and a remediation method for a backfill region of a coal mine pit.
Background
Coal mines are areas where humans mine coal resources in coal-rich mining areas, and are generally divided into underground coal mines and opencast coal mines. When the coal seam is far from the ground surface, a tunnel is usually dug to the underground, so that the coal is a mineworker coal mine. When the coal seam is very close to the earth surface, the coal is generally excavated by directly stripping the earth surface, which is an open pit coal mine. The vast majority of coal mines in China belong to underground coal mines. Coal mines encompass a large area above ground and below ground as well as associated facilities. Coal mines are reasonable spaces excavated by humans when excavating geological formations rich in coal and generally include roadways, wells, and mining surfaces, among others.
Mining in coal mines often causes surface subsidence and soil pollution, and mining ten thousand tons of raw coal in the Xuzhou, Huaibong mine area destroys 0.27 of land
Causing large areas of land to collapse. When the coal seam is deep and has a large number of coal seams, the surface subsidence depth is large, the maximum depth is about 70% -80% of the coal seam mining thickness and even can reach 90%, the subsidence volume is about 60% -70% of the coal seam mining thickness, and the subsidence area is about 1.2 times of the mining area. In the reclamation process of the subsidence area, heavy metal elements such As Se, Zn, Cd, Cu, As, Mn and the like in the fillers such As coal gangue and fly ash can be separated out through rainwater leaching, weathering and the like, so that excessive accumulation of toxic heavy metals in soil and water around the coal mining area is caused, and serious environmental and health risks are brought. The research on the heavy metal elements of coal gangue in a plurality of mining areas in China shows that: from the frequency and percentage of the exceeding of the pollution elementsHg, As, Zn and Cd are elements with serious overproof, the content of gangue can exceed 3 times of the standard content, Cu is a trace overproof element, and the content of gangue exceeds 5 percent.
The soil is an important substrate for plant growth, and the good soil quality is an important guarantee for stabilizing vegetation ecosystems and mining area ecological construction. With the coal industry resolving the relevant requirements of excess capacity, China optimizes the energy supply layout in an important way, and the resource allocation efficiency is improved; structural reform of the supply side is implemented, and green and low-carbon development is promoted. Then a large number of coal mines are subject to shutdown, and a large number of historical remaining mines exist, how to reclaim the mines, whether the mines are suitable for reclamation, and what direction of reclamation is unknown at present. However, it is obvious that the soil in coal mine areas is polluted by heavy metals, and is light or heavy, so that the development of a technology suitable for repairing and recycling the soil polluted by heavy metals in coal mine areas is urgent. At present, the backfilling area of the coal mining pit is domestically
The soil remediation technology is still in a research and test stage, and large-scale engineering application is not developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soil repairing agent and a repairing method for a backfill region of a coal mining pit, which can accurately and quickly repair the soil of the backfill region of the coal mining pit, prevent heavy metals from migrating in the soil, prevent the soil pollution range from being enlarged, prevent water and soil loss of the backfill region of the coal mining pit, and have the advantages of high repairing efficiency, low cost, no secondary pollution and suitability according to local conditions; after the completion of the soil in the coal mine pit-mining backfill region, nutrient elements can be provided for the soil for a long time, the water conservation of the ground surface is improved, the water and soil conservation capability is maintained, the reclamation requirement of the treated soil in the coal mine pit-mining backfill region can be met, and the national soil environment quality standard is met; the problems proposed in the background art are effectively solved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a soil remediation agent for a backfill region of a coal mining pit comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12-18 parts of glycerol, 5-16 parts of pseudomonas, 8-20 parts of bacillus subtilis, 15-22 parts of rice bran hemicellulose, 10-16 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 7-11 parts of sorbitol, 40-80 parts of activated carbon, 30-60 parts of adsorption resin, 20-40 parts of vermiculite powder, 180 parts of seaweed mud, 100 parts of plant ash, 50-90 parts of earthworm cast, 16-24 parts of phosphate, 180 parts of lime and 420 parts of water-retaining agent and 30-50 parts of water-retaining agent.
Preferably, the soil remediation agent for the backfill region of the coal mining pit comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of glycerol, 10.5 parts of pseudomonas, 14 parts of bacillus subtilis, 18.5 parts of rice bran hemicellulose, 13 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 9 parts of sorbitol, 60 parts of activated carbon, 45 parts of adsorption resin, 30 parts of vermiculite powder, 150 parts of seaweed mud, 130 parts of plant ash, 70 parts of wormcast, 20 parts of phosphate, 300 parts of lime and 40 parts of water-retaining agent.
Further, the concrete preparation method of the soil remediation agent for the backfill region of the coal mining pit comprises the following steps: weighing glycerol, pseudomonas, bacillus subtilis, rice bran hemicellulose, sodium polyacrylate and sorbitol according to the weight parts, adding the weighed materials into a reaction tank, adjusting the rotating speed to be 200r/min and the temperature to be 50 ℃, then adding deionized water while stirring, and stirring for 40min to obtain a mixed solution A; then weighing the active carbon, the adsorption resin, the vermiculite powder, the seaweed mud, the plant ash, the wormcast, the phosphate, the lime and the water-retaining agent, adding into a pulverizer, and pulverizing into powder of 170 meshes; and (3) placing the obtained powder into a granulator for granulation to obtain mixed particles, spraying the mixed solution A onto the mixed particles, and drying to obtain the soil remediation agent for the backfill region of the coal mining pit.
Particularly, the invention also provides a method for repairing soil by using the soil repairing agent for the backfill region of the coal mining pit, which comprises the following steps:
s1, performing anti-seepage engineering on the pit bottom of the mining pit backfilling area, crushing the coal gangue and backfilling the crushed coal gangue to the pit bottom;
s2, adding water into the soil remediation agent for the backfilling area of the coal mining pit to prepare an aqueous solution of the soil remediation agent for the backfilling area of the coal mining pit, and leaching the slope soil and the pit bottom soil for multiple times according to a preset proportion by using the aqueous solution of the soil remediation agent for the backfilling area of the coal mining pit;
s3, establishing grass squares in the slope soil of the pit-mining backfill area;
s4, covering soil on the surface layers of the slope soil and the pit bottom soil in the pit-mining backfill area;
s5, irrigating the covering soil in the pit-picking backfill area, and keeping the relative humidity of the soil to be more than 90%;
and S6, performing greening planting on the soil covering the pit backfilling area to obtain the repaired soil.
Preferably, the gangue in the S1 is 5-mesh powder and is spread on the municipal sludge.
Preferably, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the soil in the spraying slope in the soil remediation agent aqueous solution in the backfilling area of the coal mining pit in S2 is 1:16, and the solid-to-liquid ratio of the soil at the bottom of the spraying pit is 1: 8; and the leaching times are 4 times, and each time interval is 24 hours.
Preferably, the Chinese herbal square of the S3 is 100cm x 100cm, and the Chinese herbal square is made of straws or stalks.
Preferably, the thickness of the covering soil of the slope soil in the step S4 is 10cm, and the thickness of the covering soil of the pit bottom soil is 20 cm.
Preferably, the pouring mode in S5 is drip irrigation or sprinkling irrigation.
Preferably, one of the salt sage, alfalfa and Indian mustard is planted in the S6.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the method, firstly, the mining backfilling area is subjected to water seepage prevention treatment, so that heavy metals are prevented from migrating in the soil, and the soil pollution range is prevented from being enlarged.
2. According to the invention, the coal gangue is backfilled at the bottom of the mine, so that the pollution caused by stacking of the coal gangue can be avoided, the horizontal height of a mining backfilling area is increased, the surface level of the mining backfilling area is restored, the coal gangue powder is paved on the municipal sludge and can be used As a good organic fertilizer and a good soil conditioner to promote heavy metal elements Se, Zn, Cu, As, Mn, Hg, As and Cd to be precipitated in the form of sulfides, and meanwhile, humic acid in the organic matter can form a complex chelate with heavy metal ions to degrade the activity of the heavy metal ions.
3. According to the method, a soil remediation agent of the backfilling area of the mining pit is used for chemically leaching the surface layer of the backfilling area of the mining pit, and the heavy metals in the soil are fixed, separated and extracted by using a chemical reaction between the heavy metals and the soil remediation agent of the backfilling area of the mining pit, wherein glycerol can absorb hydrogen sulfide, hydrocyanic acid and sulfur dioxide in the soil; the pseudomonas monosperma and the bacillus subtilis have direct or indirect inhibition effects on pathogenic bacteria, can decompose harmful substances, garbage particles and the like, have no pollution and residue, and increase the stress resistance and nitrogen fixation of crops; the rice bran hemicellulose can adsorb metal ions such as Cu2+, Zn2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and the like; the sodium polyacrylate has the function of fixing metal ions, can prevent the negative effect of the metal ions on products, and is a surfactant with various special properties; the activated carbon, the adsorption resin, the vermiculite powder and the seaweed mud can adsorb pollutants such as chromium, lead, cadmium, diesel oil, nitrobenzene and the like, and have stable adsorption performance and high treatment efficiency; the plant ash, the wormcast and the phosphate can provide N, P, K and other fertilizers to supplement the soil fertility; lime is an air-hardening inorganic cementing material taking calcium oxide as a main component, can neutralize soil with strong acidity, and converts harmful chemical substances into substances with lower toxicity or lower mobility; the water-retaining agent can retain water, fertilizer and heat and improve the soil structure.
4. According to the invention, the grass square grids are established in the slope soil of the pit-mining backfill area, so that wind and sand can be prevented, water can be conserved, and geological disasters caused by water and soil loss can be prevented.
5. The soil is covered on the surface layers of the slope soil and the pit bottom soil in the pit-picking backfilling area, so that heavy metals are prevented from migrating in the soil, and a good matrix layer is provided for greening planting.
6. In the invention, the earth covering in the pit-picking backfill area is planted for greening, and the heavy metal ions forming the complex chelate can be absorbed at the root and then transferred and stored to the overground part of the plant.
7. The soil restoration method has the advantages that the soil restoration is carried out on the mining backfill area through the integration of physical restoration, chemical restoration, microbial restoration and phytoremediation, the restoration types are multiple, the restoration period is short, the restoration effect is good, the influence on the environment is small, the removal rate of pollutants such as iron ions, sulfate ions, chromium, lead, cadmium, diesel oil and nitrobenzene after restoration reaches more than 95%, the effective state quantity of other pollutants is reduced to different degrees, and the requirement of the secondary standard of the soil environment quality standard (GB15618-1995) in China is met.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples, without limiting the scope of the invention to the following examples. The procedures, conditions, reagents and the like for carrying out the present invention are general knowledge and common general knowledge in the art except for the contents specifically mentioned below, and the present invention is not particularly limited.
Example one
A soil remediation agent for a backfill region of a coal mining pit comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of glycerol, 5 parts of pseudomonas, 8 parts of bacillus subtilis, 15 parts of rice bran hemicellulose, 10 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 7 parts of sorbitol, 40 parts of activated carbon, 30 parts of adsorption resin, 20 parts of vermiculite powder, 120 parts of seaweed mud, 100 parts of plant ash, 50 parts of wormcast, 16 parts of phosphate, 180 parts of lime and 30 parts of water-retaining agent.
The invention discloses a concrete preparation method of a soil remediation agent for a backfill region of a coal mining pit, which comprises the following steps: weighing glycerol, pseudomonas, bacillus subtilis, rice bran hemicellulose, sodium polyacrylate and sorbitol according to the weight parts, adding the weighed materials into a reaction tank, adjusting the rotating speed to be 200r/min and the temperature to be 50 ℃, then adding deionized water while stirring, and stirring for 40min to obtain a mixed solution A; then weighing the active carbon, the adsorption resin, the vermiculite powder, the seaweed mud, the plant ash, the wormcast, the phosphate, the lime and the water-retaining agent, adding into a pulverizer, and pulverizing into powder of 170 meshes; and (3) placing the obtained powder into a granulator for granulation to obtain mixed particles, spraying the mixed solution A onto the mixed particles, and drying to obtain the soil remediation agent for the backfill region of the coal mining pit.
As a specific embodiment of the invention, the invention also provides a method for repairing soil by using the soil repairing agent in the backfill region of the mining pit of the coal mine, which comprises the following steps:
s1, performing anti-seepage engineering on the pit bottom of the pit mining backfill area, and paving the crushed coal gangue 5-mesh powder on the municipal sludge to backfill the pit bottom;
s2, adding water into the soil remediation agent for the coal mining pit backfilling area to prepare an aqueous solution of the soil remediation agent for the coal mining pit backfilling area, spraying the aqueous solution of the soil remediation agent for the coal mining pit backfilling area to slope soil according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:16, spraying the aqueous solution of the soil remediation agent for the coal mining pit backfilling area to pit bottom soil according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:8, and leaching for 4 times at intervals of 24 hours each time;
s3, establishing a grass grid of 100cm x 100cm on the slope soil of the pit backfilling area through straws;
s4, covering soil on the surface layer of the slope soil in the pit-mining backfill area, wherein the thickness of the covered soil is 10 cm; covering soil on the surface layer of pit bottom soil in the pit-picking backfill area, wherein the thickness of the covered soil is 20 cm;
s5, carrying out drip irrigation on the covering soil in the pit-picking backfill area, and keeping the relative humidity of the soil to be more than 90%;
s6, performing greening planting on the covering soil of the pit-picking backfilling area, wherein the crop is the salt land sage, and obtaining the repaired soil.
Example two
A soil remediation agent for a backfill region of a coal mining pit comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of glycerol, 10.5 parts of pseudomonas, 14 parts of bacillus subtilis, 18.5 parts of rice bran hemicellulose, 13 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 9 parts of sorbitol, 60 parts of activated carbon, 45 parts of adsorption resin, 30 parts of vermiculite powder, 150 parts of seaweed mud, 130 parts of plant ash, 70 parts of wormcast, 20 parts of phosphate, 300 parts of lime and 40 parts of water-retaining agent.
Further, the concrete preparation method of the soil remediation agent for the backfill region of the coal mining pit comprises the following steps: weighing glycerol, pseudomonas, bacillus subtilis, rice bran hemicellulose, sodium polyacrylate and sorbitol according to the weight parts, adding the weighed materials into a reaction tank, adjusting the rotating speed to be 200r/min and the temperature to be 50 ℃, then adding deionized water while stirring, and stirring for 40min to obtain a mixed solution A; then weighing the active carbon, the adsorption resin, the vermiculite powder, the seaweed mud, the plant ash, the wormcast, the phosphate, the lime and the water-retaining agent, adding into a pulverizer, and pulverizing into powder of 170 meshes; and (3) placing the obtained powder into a granulator for granulation to obtain mixed particles, spraying the mixed solution A onto the mixed particles, and drying to obtain the soil remediation agent for the backfill region of the coal mining pit.
As a specific embodiment of the invention, the invention also provides a method for repairing soil by using the soil repairing agent in the backfill region of the mining pit of the coal mine, which comprises the following steps:
s1, performing anti-seepage engineering on the pit bottom of the pit mining backfill area, and paving the crushed coal gangue 5-mesh powder on the municipal sludge to backfill the pit bottom;
s2, adding water into the soil remediation agent for the coal mining pit backfilling area to prepare an aqueous solution of the soil remediation agent for the coal mining pit backfilling area, spraying the aqueous solution of the soil remediation agent for the coal mining pit backfilling area to slope soil according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:16, spraying the aqueous solution of the soil remediation agent for the coal mining pit backfilling area to pit bottom soil according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:8, and leaching for 4 times at intervals of 24 hours each time;
s3, establishing a grass grid of 100cm x 100cm on the slope soil of the pit backfilling area through straws;
s4, covering soil on the surface layer of the slope soil in the pit-mining backfill area, wherein the thickness of the covered soil is 10 cm; covering soil on the surface layer of pit bottom soil in the pit-picking backfill area, wherein the thickness of the covered soil is 20 cm;
s5, carrying out drip irrigation on the covering soil in the pit-picking backfill area, and keeping the relative humidity of the soil to be more than 90%;
s6, performing greening planting on the covering soil of the pit-picking backfilling area, wherein the crop is the salt land sage, and obtaining the repaired soil.
EXAMPLE III
A soil remediation agent for a backfill region of a coal mining pit comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts of glycerol, 16 parts of pseudomonas, 20 parts of bacillus subtilis, 22 parts of rice bran hemicellulose, 16 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 11 parts of sorbitol, 80 parts of activated carbon, 60 parts of adsorption resin, 40 parts of vermiculite powder, 180 parts of seaweed mud, 160 parts of plant ash, 90 parts of wormcast, 24 parts of phosphate, 420 parts of lime and 50 parts of water-retaining agent.
Further, the concrete preparation method of the soil remediation agent for the backfill region of the coal mining pit comprises the following steps: weighing glycerol, pseudomonas, bacillus subtilis, rice bran hemicellulose, sodium polyacrylate and sorbitol according to the weight parts, adding the weighed materials into a reaction tank, adjusting the rotating speed to be 200r/min and the temperature to be 50 ℃, then adding deionized water while stirring, and stirring for 40min to obtain a mixed solution A; then weighing the active carbon, the adsorption resin, the vermiculite powder, the seaweed mud, the plant ash, the wormcast, the phosphate, the lime and the water-retaining agent, adding into a pulverizer, and pulverizing into powder of 170 meshes; and (3) placing the obtained powder into a granulator for granulation to obtain mixed particles, spraying the mixed solution A onto the mixed particles, and drying to obtain the soil remediation agent for the backfill region of the coal mining pit.
As a specific embodiment of the invention, the invention also provides a method for repairing soil by using the soil repairing agent in the backfill region of the mining pit of the coal mine, which comprises the following steps:
s1, performing anti-seepage engineering on the pit bottom of the pit mining backfill area, and paving the crushed coal gangue 5-mesh powder on the municipal sludge to backfill the pit bottom;
s2, adding water into the soil remediation agent for the coal mining pit backfilling area to prepare an aqueous solution of the soil remediation agent for the coal mining pit backfilling area, spraying the aqueous solution of the soil remediation agent for the coal mining pit backfilling area to slope soil according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:16, spraying the aqueous solution of the soil remediation agent for the coal mining pit backfilling area to pit bottom soil according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:8, and leaching for 4 times at intervals of 24 hours each time;
s3, establishing a grass grid of 100cm x 100cm on the slope soil of the pit backfilling area through straws;
s4, covering soil on the surface layer of the slope soil in the pit-mining backfill area, wherein the thickness of the covered soil is 10 cm; covering soil on the surface layer of pit bottom soil in the pit-picking backfill area, wherein the thickness of the covered soil is 20 cm;
s5, carrying out drip irrigation on the covering soil in the pit-picking backfill area, and keeping the relative humidity of the soil to be more than 90%;
s6, performing greening planting on the covering soil of the pit-picking backfilling area, wherein the crop is the salt land sage, and obtaining the repaired soil.
Test examples
Selecting three pit-mining backfill areas in an Ordodes quasi-Gelsen area to repair soil, and performing a repair test according to the soil repairing agent proportion in the pit-mining backfill areas of the coal mine in the embodiment; experimental results comparative data are given in the following table:
according to the experimental comparison table, the repaired salt hamster tail millet has obvious advantages in plant height and survival rate, and the component proportion of the second embodiment has better repairing effect, thereby meeting the requirements of the second-level standard of soil environmental quality standard (GB15618-1995) in China.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made, and equivalents can be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The soil remediation agent for the backfill area of the coal mining pit is characterized in that: the composition is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12-18 parts of glycerol, 5-16 parts of pseudomonas, 8-20 parts of bacillus subtilis, 15-22 parts of rice bran hemicellulose, 10-16 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 7-11 parts of sorbitol, 40-80 parts of activated carbon, 30-60 parts of adsorption resin, 20-40 parts of vermiculite powder, 180 parts of seaweed mud, 100 parts of plant ash, 50-90 parts of earthworm cast, 16-24 parts of phosphate, 180 parts of lime and 420 parts of water-retaining agent and 30-50 parts of water-retaining agent.
2. The soil remediation agent for the coal mining pit backfill area according to claim 1, wherein the soil remediation agent comprises: the composition is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of glycerol, 10.5 parts of pseudomonas, 14 parts of bacillus subtilis, 18.5 parts of rice bran hemicellulose, 13 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 9 parts of sorbitol, 60 parts of activated carbon, 45 parts of adsorption resin, 30 parts of vermiculite powder, 150 parts of seaweed mud, 130 parts of plant ash, 70 parts of wormcast, 20 parts of phosphate, 300 parts of lime and 40 parts of water-retaining agent.
3. A preparation method of a soil remediation agent for a backfill region of a coal mining pit is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: firstly, weighing glycerol, pseudomonas, bacillus subtilis, rice bran hemicellulose, sodium polyacrylate and sorbitol, adding into a reaction tank, adjusting the rotating speed to 200r/min and the temperature to 50 ℃, then adding deionized water while stirring, and stirring for 40min to obtain a mixed solution A;
step two: then weighing the active carbon, the adsorption resin, the vermiculite powder, the seaweed mud, the plant ash, the wormcast, the phosphate, the lime and the water-retaining agent, adding into a pulverizer, and pulverizing into powder of 170 meshes;
step three: placing the powder obtained in the step two in a granulator for granulation to obtain mixed granules;
step four: and C, spraying the mixed solution A on the surfaces of the mixed particles obtained in the step three, and drying to obtain the soil remediation agent for the backfill region of the mining pit of the coal mine.
4. A method for repairing soil in a backfill region of a coal mining pit is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, performing anti-seepage engineering on the pit bottom of the mining pit backfilling area, crushing the coal gangue and backfilling the crushed coal gangue to the pit bottom;
s2, adding water into the soil remediation agent for the backfilling area of the coal mining pit to prepare an aqueous solution of the soil remediation agent for the backfilling area of the coal mining pit, and leaching the slope soil and the pit bottom soil for multiple times according to a preset proportion by using the aqueous solution of the soil remediation agent for the backfilling area of the coal mining pit;
s3, establishing grass squares in the slope soil of the pit-mining backfill area;
s4, covering soil on the surface layers of the slope soil and the pit bottom soil in the pit-mining backfill area;
s5, irrigating the covering soil in the pit-picking backfill area, and keeping the relative humidity of the soil to be more than 90%;
and S6, performing greening planting on the soil covering the pit backfilling area to obtain the repaired soil.
5. The repair method according to claim 4, characterized in that: and the coal gangue in the S1 is 5-mesh powder and is flatly paved on the municipal sludge.
6. The repair method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the solid-liquid ratio of the spraying slope soil in the soil remediation agent aqueous solution in the backfilling area of the coal mining pit in the S2 is 1:16, and the solid-liquid ratio of the spraying pit bottom soil is 1: 8; and the leaching times are 4 times, and each time interval is 24 hours.
7. The repair method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the Chinese herbal square grid of S3 is 100cm x 100cm, and is made of rice straw or stalk.
8. The repair method according to claim 4, characterized in that: and in the S4, the thickness of the covering soil of the slope soil is 10cm, and the thickness of the covering soil of the pit bottom soil is 20 cm.
9. The repair method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the irrigation mode in the S5 is drip irrigation or sprinkling irrigation.
10. The repair method according to claim 4, characterized in that: and in the S6, one of salt sage, alfalfa and Indian mustard is planted.
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