CN101502214A - Coal gangue pulverizing article ecological recovery greening substrate and method of use thereof - Google Patents

Coal gangue pulverizing article ecological recovery greening substrate and method of use thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101502214A
CN101502214A CNA2008102474666A CN200810247466A CN101502214A CN 101502214 A CN101502214 A CN 101502214A CN A2008102474666 A CNA2008102474666 A CN A2008102474666A CN 200810247466 A CN200810247466 A CN 200810247466A CN 101502214 A CN101502214 A CN 101502214A
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coal gangue
soil
gangue
ecological recovery
pulverizing article
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王夕刚
赵廷宁
袁彬鸿
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/40Afforestation or reforestation

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Abstract

The present invention discloses an ecology recovering greening substrate of coal gangue crushing material. The coal gangue crushing material is mainly used as substrate, wherein the volume ratio of soil in the compound of coal and coal gangue is 10%-95%, and the volume of coal gangue is 5%-90%. The using of waste of coal gangue can effectively improve the environment of waste mine, reduces the environment pollution and saves the cost for recovering ecology. The mixture of soil and coal gangue is also mixed with water-loss reducer. The application method of the invention is using the mixture of soil and coal gangue crushing material to the recovering and cultivation of herb or shrub for greening the coal gangue mine.

Description

A kind of coal gangue pulverizing article ecological recovery greening substrate and application method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mining industry abandoned land restoration of the ecosystem matrix, specifically be meant a kind of coal gangue pulverizing article ecological recovery greening substrate.
Background technology
Environment and development, be the significant problem of current international community common concern, and the important means that human production activity and economic growth are relied on---exploitation of mineral resources and to utilize caused a series of ecology, society and economic dispatch problem be one of focal issue of environment and development.
According to statistics in 2008, more than 8000 of China existing state-run mining industry enterprises, more than 230,000 of individual mining industry enterprises.The mining of enormous amount is quite surprising to soil and environment damage.And the land reclamation rate only has 2%, has seriously destroyed land resources and ecotope.Wherein, it is the most serious that coal mining destroys the soil, only according to the incomplete statistics in big-and-middle-sized colliery, just takes up an area of 16,200 ten thousand square metres.The distribution situation of all types of occupations of land is in the mining industry: itself accounts for 59% mining activity, and the refuse dump accounts for 20%, and mine tailing accounts for 13%, and hillock accounts for 5%, and the subsidence area accounts for 3%.Under such overall background, the ecological management of mining industry abandoned land and revegetation research have important effect for the society of China, economic sustainable development and improvement of the ecological environment.The technological achievement of this research can directly apply to consolidation and the mine entironment comprehensive improvement work that land resources administrative responsibile institution is responsible for.
A large amount of land resources is not only destroyed and taken to mining activity and discharging wastes thereof, the contradiction that China has a large population and a few land of increasingly sharpening, and, the mine discharging wastes has also been brought a series of far-reaching environmental problems with storing up, be damaged as land deterioration, the ecosystem and view, appropriation of land, contaminated environment, and then restricted local socio-economic development, also jeopardize the health of human body etc.Therefore, reclaiming of mining industry abandoned land becomes one of current urgent task that faces of China, also is that China implements one of problem that the strategy of sustainable development should give priority to.The development and use of mineral resources both for economic development provides the important raw material and the energy, were played huge impetus to economic development, also environment were produced significant impact simultaneously.Irrational mining type in some mining areas is seriously damaged ecotope, such as a series of problems such as consequent air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution and desertifications of land, is seriously threatening human existence.
Along with the quickening of countries in the world process of industrialization, environmental problems such as the soil that environmental pollution and destruction are caused is allowed to lie waste, industrial waste ground, ecosystem imbalance have become current restriction socio-economic development, have influenced the problem of human survival.For this reason, effective solution and measure are all actively being sought in countries in the world.So the vegetation restoration and reconstruction of mining industry abandoned land rationally utilizes land resources and ecological environmental protection is all significant.
The subject matter that present mining industry abandoned land ecological recovery is faced has:
1) a large amount of excavations cause mining industry abandoned land soil physical property relatively poor, fertilizer deficiency, lack of water, and nitrogen, phosphorus and the content of organic matter are lower.Cause barren, the vegetation degeneration in soil simultaneously, finally cause the formation of the artificial bare area of mining industry district large tracts of land, very easily by rain drop erosion, the formation of aggravation water and soil loss.
2) ground and slope excavating have influenced the stable of massif, slope, often cause that surface collapse, cracking, avalanche and landslide etc. are frequent to take place.
3) mining area " three wastes " are seriously polluted.The mining area waste residue is mainly from barren rock, gangue and mine tailing in mining, the dressing Production Process.The main pollution has: 1. underground and surface mining produces a large amount of toxic gases in producing, as CO, CO 2, NO 2, SO 2, H 2O etc.; 2. a large amount of dust and the noxious material that produce in the dressing Production Process are as a large amount of dust of breaking ores generation and the toxic gas of ore dressing chemical agent generation; 3. the waste gas that is rich in heavy metal substance that produces is transported in the mining area, and mine factory fire coal produces thick smoke and harmful substance.
4) heavy metal pollution is serious.Generally all there is heavy metal pollution problem in the mining industry abandoned land, though some test shows that it is favourable that the heavy metal of denier is taken root to certain plants, the copper of volume, lead, zinc etc. just can stop plant growing fully slightly.
5) vegetation deterioration is serious.The mining area forest vegetation damage mainly be since the construction of mining area surface plant, spoil stack, cut into a mountain repair the roads, surface collapse and surface mining peel off and cause.The construction in mining area and production have changed the primary condition of soil nutrient, thereby the vegetation growth amount is descended.Plant is as the producer of the ecosystem, and its destruction makes the biological existence condition of soil, mining area and neighborhood thereof destroy, and biomass reduces, and ecosystem structure is impaired, function and stability decreases, causes water and soil loss and desertization.
Therefore above-mentioned all explanation mining industry abandoned land ecological recoveries are problems that act is to be solved.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this reality invention is to provide a kind of coal gangue pulverizing article ecological recovery greening substrate, this coal gangue pulverizing article ecological recovery greening substrate can reduce the pH value in mining industry abandoned land ecological recovery, improve coal gangue hill and crossed the situation that is not suitable for revegetation by force owing to alkalescence, for plant growing provides good matrix environment, and can reduce the cost in the coal gangue hill ecological afforestation.
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of coal gangue pulverizing article ecological recovery greening substrate mainly is to utilize coal gangue pulverizing article as matrix, wherein in the mixture of soil and gangue,
The volume ratio of soil is: 10%~95%;
The volume ratio of gangue is 5%~90%.
When being main as the matrix greening coal gangue hill with draft, soil and chad shape gangue adopt the volume ratio of 1:2 to mix.
When being main as the matrix greening coal gangue hill with shrub with coal gangue pulverizing article, soil and chad shape gangue adopt the volume ratio of 1:1 to mix.
Also mix in the mixture of soil and gangue water-loss reducer is arranged.
The reparation cultivation that the mixture of above-mentioned soil and coal gangue pulverizing article is used for afforesting coal gangue hill draft or shrub.
After adopting such scheme, the present invention adopt the gangue that stone is granular as the part of coal gangue hill afforesting matrix as the restoration of the ecosystem of mining industry abandoned land, can reach following effect:
(1) improved coal gangue hill owing to alkalescence is crossed the situation that is not suitable for revegetation by force, for plant growing provides good matrix environment.
(2) water-loss reducer has better water retention performance, it is obviously different to add in water-loss reducer and the matrix of not adding water-loss reducer water evaporation quantity, especially in preceding ten days after adding water-loss reducer, there is the water evaporation quantity in the water-loss reducer matrix to be significantly less than the evaporation of not adding moisture in the water-loss reducer matrix.
(3) the gravel shape coal gangue pulverizing article of different-grain diameter grating is feasible fully as the part of coal gangue hill afforesting matrix, by the plant index of correlation is analyzed, obtained to be suitable for the optimum matrix type of draft and shrub plant.
(4) use gravel shape coal gangue pulverizing article configuration vegetation ecological recovery matrix and can save artificial and material cost 1/2-1/3, can effectively protect the soil vegetation resources in borrow areas simultaneously, effectively preserve the ecological environment.
This use that utilizes this discarded object of gangue can effectively improve the soil environment of abandoned mine, reduces environmental pollution, saves the cost of ecological recovery.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment:
Embodiment
A kind of coal gangue pulverizing article ecological recovery greening substrate, a kind of coal gangue pulverizing article ecological recovery greening substrate mainly is to utilize coal gangue pulverizing article as matrix, wherein in the mixture of soil and gangue, the volume ratio of soil is: 10%~95%; The volume ratio of gangue is 5%~90%.
When being main as the matrix greening coal gangue hill with draft, soil and chad shape gangue adopt the volume ratio of 1:2 to mix.
In dry area, the area that precipitation is few, can also mix in the mixture of soil and gangue has water-loss reducer.The water conservation effect of the liquid water-loss reducer of nanoscale will be apparently higher than common water-loss reducer, and good more with the increase water conservation effect of consumption, increases water capacity and improves crop chresard scope and effective utilization.The water conservation effect of common water-loss reducer in sand is better than it in soil.Use water-loss reducer and can improve seedling-growing time, improve germination rate.Use the germination rate of the liquid water-loss reducer of nanoscale to be higher than the common water-loss reducer of use, and raise with the increase germination rate of consumption.
Soil hardness in soil behind the liquid water-loss reducer of use nanoscale is lower than the soil hardness behind the common water-loss reducer of use, and, and in sand, use the soil hardness of the liquid water-loss reducer of nanoscale to be higher than the common water-loss reducer of use along with the increase soil hardness of the liquid water-loss reducer consumption of nanoscale decreases.In a word, can draw the liquid water-loss reducer moisture capacity of nanoscale and be better than common water-loss reducer with crossing laboratory test, soil hardness is higher than common water-loss reducer, and promptly the whole result of use of the liquid water-loss reducer of nanoscale is better than common water-loss reducer.
The reparation cultivation that the mixture of above-mentioned soil and coal gangue pulverizing article is used for afforesting coal gangue hill draft or shrub.
Sociales in the mining industry abandoned land ecological recovery process wherein of the present invention mainly contain:
Herbaceous plant: beggar-ticks, green foxtail, bidens parviflora, Ben Shi wood indigo plant, gmelin worm wood, Chinese swallowwort latex, diffuse dayflower herb, hispid arthraxon, periploca spium, melon, madder, big oily awns, phoenix hair chrysanthemum slightly;
When being main as the matrix greening coal gangue hill with shrub with coal gangue pulverizing article, soil and chad shape gangue adopt the volume ratio of 1:1 to mix.
Sociales in the mining industry abandoned land ecological recovery process wherein of the present invention mainly contain:
Shrub plant: the twigs of the chaste tree, wild jujube, shrub lespedeza, smoke tree, two look shrub lespedezas, meadow sweet, Fructus Rhamni parvifoliae, Yi Ye bush clover, thin skin wood, withe grass of meadow rue, three are split meadow sweet, redflower peashrub root.
To save 1/2-1/3 cost aspect artificial consumption and the soil consumption two after using chad shape gangue, drop to minimumly simultaneously for the destructiveness of the place ecotope that fetches earth, can alleviate destructiveness the place ecotope that fetches earth.
The present invention has corresponding vegetation configuration mode through experimental analysis for the different site types of dividing, different altitude height, the different ecological recovery that recovers the mining industry abandoned land under the time limit condition, is specially:
Recover the time limit: below 10 years: green foxtail+beggar-ticks, green foxtail+bidens parviflora; 10-20: beggar-ticks+twigs of the chaste tree+shrub lespedeza+Ben Shi wood is blue, the green foxtail+bidens parviflora+twigs of the chaste tree+gmelin worm wood; More than 20 years: green foxtail+shrub lespedeza+Yi Ye bush clover.
Height above sea level: below the 200m: the twigs of the chaste tree+hispid arthraxon+wild jujube+Yi Ye bush clover, the twigs of the chaste tree+green foxtail+gmelin worm wood+wild jujube; 200-300m: the twigs of the chaste tree+wild jujube+hispid arthraxon+Ben Shi wood is blue, the twigs of the chaste tree+tree-of-heaven+green foxtail+my child fist+salsola collina; 300-400m: the twigs of the chaste tree+beggar-ticks+shrub lespedeza+mountain silene aprica, the twigs of the chaste tree+tree-of-heaven+bidens parviflora+green foxtail+diffuse dayflower herb; More than the 400m: the twigs of the chaste tree+bidens parviflora+China conceals sub-grass+green foxtail, tree-of-heaven+meadow sweet+beggar-ticks.
Domatic type: stone matter side slope: the twigs of the chaste tree+tree-of-heaven+beggar-ticks+periploca spium+gmelin worm wood, tree-of-heaven+wild jujube+hispid arthraxon+Ben Shi wood is blue, tree-of-heaven+twigs of the chaste tree+green foxtail+mattress Gall wormwood artemisia+shrub lespedeza; Soil stone side slope: the twigs of the chaste tree+tree-of-heaven+beggar-ticks+Yi Ye bush clover+shrub lespedezas, tree-of-heaven+hispid arthraxon+gmelin worm wood+periploca spium, tree-of-heaven+Chinese swallowwort latex+locust tree+beggar-ticks+Herba Themedae japonicae; Soil-slope: the twigs of the chaste tree+hispid arthraxon+tree-of-heaven+Clematis heracleifolia tube clematis+Ben Shi wood is blue, the twigs of the chaste tree+Luan Shu+green foxtail+wild jujube+locust hired thug, the twigs of the chaste tree+bidens parviflora+periploca spium+mountain silene aprica+periploca spium.
Above embodiment is only for the usefulness that the present invention is described, but not the restriction to inventing, person skilled in the relevant technique under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can also be made various conversion or variation.Therefore, all technical schemes that are equal to also should belong to category of the present invention, should be limited by each claim.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of coal gangue pulverizing article ecological recovery greening substrate is characterized in that: mainly be to utilize coal gangue pulverizing article as matrix, and wherein in the mixture of soil and gangue,
The volume ratio of soil is: 10%~95%;
The volume ratio of gangue is 5%~90%.
2, a kind of coal gangue pulverizing article ecological recovery greening substrate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: when being main as the matrix greening coal gangue hill with draft, soil and chad shape gangue adopt the volume ratio of 1:2 to mix.
3, a kind of coal gangue pulverizing article ecological recovery greening substrate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: when being main as the matrix greening coal gangue hill with shrub with coal gangue pulverizing article, soil and chad shape gangue adopt the volume ratio of 1:1 to mix.
4, as claim 1,2, one of 3 described a kind of coal gangue pulverizing article ecological recovery greening substrates, it is characterized in that: also mixed in the mixture of soil and gangue have a water-loss reducer.
5, the application method of coal gangue pulverizing article ecological recovery greening substrate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the reparation cultivation that the mixture of above-mentioned soil and coal gangue pulverizing article is used for afforesting coal gangue hill draft or shrub.
CNA2008102474666A 2008-12-31 2008-12-31 Coal gangue pulverizing article ecological recovery greening substrate and method of use thereof Pending CN101502214A (en)

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Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102399111A (en) * 2010-09-15 2012-04-04 中国矿业大学(北京) Greening matrix of gangue crushing material and plant restoration technical method
CN102498882A (en) * 2011-11-04 2012-06-20 山西潞安环保能源开发股份有限公司 Method for ecological restoration of coal mine gangue pile
CN102577789A (en) * 2012-01-20 2012-07-18 内蒙古沁园欧李生态研发有限责任公司 Method of cyclic sustainable vegetation recovery for waste dump of grassland mining area
CN102783400A (en) * 2012-06-08 2012-11-21 太原师范学院 Manufacture method of coal gangue culture substrate
CN104255109A (en) * 2014-10-24 2015-01-07 刘勇 Method for conducting ecological restoration in mine geological disaster region
CN104496693A (en) * 2014-12-30 2015-04-08 清华大学 Mixed cultivation medium applicable to turfgrass and application of mixed cultivation medium
CN104541872A (en) * 2014-12-30 2015-04-29 浙江伟达园林工程有限公司 Mining area afforestation and reclamation method
CN105993259A (en) * 2016-05-12 2016-10-12 山西大学 Matrix material and restoration method for ecological restoration of gangue dump of mining area
CN106105756A (en) * 2016-08-09 2016-11-16 河北农业大学 Mine ecological restoration method for cultivating salsola collina by using plant growth bags
CN106900195A (en) * 2017-02-21 2017-06-30 河海大学 One kind fetches earth an ecological restoring method
CN108207547A (en) * 2017-12-21 2018-06-29 广西科技师范学院 A kind of environmental ecology repairs matrix and its preparation method and application
CN109775857A (en) * 2019-03-11 2019-05-21 山西省林业科学研究院 A kind of preparation method of artificial swamp filling substrate that administering waste-water from coal mine
CN110934050A (en) * 2019-11-21 2020-03-31 中煤科工集团沈阳设计研究院有限公司 Surface soil substitute material based on opencast coal mine stripping material and preparation method thereof
CN110999753A (en) * 2019-12-26 2020-04-14 北京林业大学 Coal gangue-based artificial ecological matrix and preparation method thereof
CN111386955A (en) * 2020-04-27 2020-07-10 宁夏大学 Water-retention salt-suppression yield-increase method for northern arid area land
CN111699941A (en) * 2020-06-05 2020-09-25 北京林业大学 Coal gangue greening matrix, preparation method and application
CN112789964A (en) * 2020-12-22 2021-05-14 山西大学 Artificial soil preparation method for ecological restoration
CN112845549A (en) * 2020-12-22 2021-05-28 山西大学 Soil hydrological property restoration method for ecological fragile area
CN113243279A (en) * 2021-06-02 2021-08-13 辽宁大学 Coal gangue hill matrix improvement method
CN114868650A (en) * 2022-04-22 2022-08-09 河南农业职业学院 Tissue culture and rapid propagation culture medium and tissue culture and rapid propagation method for veneers
CN116267079A (en) * 2023-03-22 2023-06-23 美丽华夏生态环境科技有限公司 Method for recovering vegetation of coal gangue mountain by using starch-based biodegradable plant-growing bag

Cited By (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102399111A (en) * 2010-09-15 2012-04-04 中国矿业大学(北京) Greening matrix of gangue crushing material and plant restoration technical method
CN102498882A (en) * 2011-11-04 2012-06-20 山西潞安环保能源开发股份有限公司 Method for ecological restoration of coal mine gangue pile
CN102498882B (en) * 2011-11-04 2013-11-06 山西潞安环保能源开发股份有限公司 Method for ecological restoration of coal mine gangue pile
CN102577789A (en) * 2012-01-20 2012-07-18 内蒙古沁园欧李生态研发有限责任公司 Method of cyclic sustainable vegetation recovery for waste dump of grassland mining area
CN102577789B (en) * 2012-01-20 2013-09-25 内蒙古沁园欧李生态研发有限责任公司 Method of cyclic sustainable vegetation recovery for waste dump of grassland mining area
CN102783400B (en) * 2012-06-08 2015-02-18 太原师范学院 Manufacture method of coal gangue culture substrate
CN102783400A (en) * 2012-06-08 2012-11-21 太原师范学院 Manufacture method of coal gangue culture substrate
CN104255109A (en) * 2014-10-24 2015-01-07 刘勇 Method for conducting ecological restoration in mine geological disaster region
CN104255109B (en) * 2014-10-24 2016-02-17 山西大学 A kind of ecological restoring method gangue being used for Mine Geological Disasters district
CN104496693A (en) * 2014-12-30 2015-04-08 清华大学 Mixed cultivation medium applicable to turfgrass and application of mixed cultivation medium
CN104541872A (en) * 2014-12-30 2015-04-29 浙江伟达园林工程有限公司 Mining area afforestation and reclamation method
CN104496693B (en) * 2014-12-30 2017-04-19 清华大学 Mixed cultivation medium applicable to turfgrass and application of mixed cultivation medium
CN105993259A (en) * 2016-05-12 2016-10-12 山西大学 Matrix material and restoration method for ecological restoration of gangue dump of mining area
CN105993259B (en) * 2016-05-12 2017-12-05 山西大学 Host material and restorative procedure for mining area hillock restoration of the ecosystem
CN106105756A (en) * 2016-08-09 2016-11-16 河北农业大学 Mine ecological restoration method for cultivating salsola collina by using plant growth bags
CN106900195A (en) * 2017-02-21 2017-06-30 河海大学 One kind fetches earth an ecological restoring method
CN106900195B (en) * 2017-02-21 2019-01-29 河海大学 One kind taking native field ecological restoring method
CN108207547A (en) * 2017-12-21 2018-06-29 广西科技师范学院 A kind of environmental ecology repairs matrix and its preparation method and application
CN109775857A (en) * 2019-03-11 2019-05-21 山西省林业科学研究院 A kind of preparation method of artificial swamp filling substrate that administering waste-water from coal mine
CN110934050A (en) * 2019-11-21 2020-03-31 中煤科工集团沈阳设计研究院有限公司 Surface soil substitute material based on opencast coal mine stripping material and preparation method thereof
CN110999753B (en) * 2019-12-26 2021-07-27 北京林业大学 Coal gangue-based artificial ecological matrix and preparation method thereof
CN110999753A (en) * 2019-12-26 2020-04-14 北京林业大学 Coal gangue-based artificial ecological matrix and preparation method thereof
CN111386955A (en) * 2020-04-27 2020-07-10 宁夏大学 Water-retention salt-suppression yield-increase method for northern arid area land
CN111699941A (en) * 2020-06-05 2020-09-25 北京林业大学 Coal gangue greening matrix, preparation method and application
CN112789964A (en) * 2020-12-22 2021-05-14 山西大学 Artificial soil preparation method for ecological restoration
CN112845549A (en) * 2020-12-22 2021-05-28 山西大学 Soil hydrological property restoration method for ecological fragile area
CN113243279A (en) * 2021-06-02 2021-08-13 辽宁大学 Coal gangue hill matrix improvement method
CN114868650A (en) * 2022-04-22 2022-08-09 河南农业职业学院 Tissue culture and rapid propagation culture medium and tissue culture and rapid propagation method for veneers
CN116267079A (en) * 2023-03-22 2023-06-23 美丽华夏生态环境科技有限公司 Method for recovering vegetation of coal gangue mountain by using starch-based biodegradable plant-growing bag
CN116267079B (en) * 2023-03-22 2024-01-02 美丽华夏生态环境科技有限公司 Method for recovering vegetation of coal gangue mountain by using starch-based biodegradable plant-growing bag

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Application publication date: 20090812