WO2022160483A1 - Method for restoration and treatment of coal gangue mountain using coal-based solid waste - Google Patents

Method for restoration and treatment of coal gangue mountain using coal-based solid waste Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022160483A1
WO2022160483A1 PCT/CN2021/089539 CN2021089539W WO2022160483A1 WO 2022160483 A1 WO2022160483 A1 WO 2022160483A1 CN 2021089539 W CN2021089539 W CN 2021089539W WO 2022160483 A1 WO2022160483 A1 WO 2022160483A1
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coal
solid waste
coal gangue
solid
gangue
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PCT/CN2021/089539
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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程芳琴
申午艳
宋慧平
冯政君
史晓凯
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山西大学
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Priority to KR1020227027034A priority Critical patent/KR20220123696A/en
Publication of WO2022160483A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022160483A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
    • C04B18/061—Ashes from fluidised bed furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
    • C04B18/08—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C2101/00—In situ
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00767—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for waste stabilisation purposes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of ecological treatment of coal gangue mountains, and more particularly, to a method for restoring and treating coal gangue mountains with coal-based solid waste.
  • CN102251775A "An Ecological Restoration Method for Coal Gangue Mountains" discloses that after finishing the gangue mountains, clay, dewatered sludge and coal gangue mixture are added between the ditches to plant southeast scenery. On the gangue of the ditch, a mixed matrix of surface clay, matured pig manure and vermiculite was added, and cotton, crape myrtle, etc. were grown. Reduce the probability of spontaneous combustion of coal gangue, and use dewatered sludge to turn waste into treasure.
  • the patent application number CN109328518A "An Ecological Restoration Method for Coal Mine Gangue Mountain” discloses a method for covering the surface of coal gangue mountain with loess to isolate the air, using a loam-like matrix spraying method to construct a plant nutrient matrix layer and spraying seeds.
  • the Chinese patent application number CN108298888A "A closed isolation composition applied to the treatment of gangue mountains and its implementation method” discloses a method for treating coal gangue mountains with a closed isolation composition, and the solidification time of the closed isolation after spraying is completed. Affected by climatic conditions such as temperature and humidity, the subsequent work will be affected. None of the above takes into account the comprehensive perspective of applying mycorrhizal fungi and porous carbon-based fillers to improve soil fertilizer efficiency, and to stably maintain soil organic matter to provide suitable conditions for plant growth.
  • the present invention provides a method for restoring and treating coal gangue hills with coal-based solid waste.
  • the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:
  • a method for restoring and treating coal gangue hills with coal-based solid waste comprising the following steps:
  • Construction of drainage system reduce and reinforce the pile body of the coal gangue mountain, and set the slope to 20-40°.
  • the drainage ditch from top to bottom along the slope of the coal gangue mountain will be collected to form a diversion channel, which will lead to nearby rivers or In the interception dam, the diversion channel is provided with a permeable reactive wall water purification system to the inflow of the river or the outlet of the interception dam;
  • grouting fire extinguishing inject solid waste-based fire extinguishing slurry into the coal gangue mountain where spontaneous combustion occurs through a grouting pump;
  • Sealing and isolation pouring and laying solid waste-based cementitious sealing material on the surface of the coal gangue mountain after grouting fire extinguishing treatment, after natural curing and curing, spraying elastic sealing material in the gaps of each block;
  • step S1 is composed of a wall body and a filler
  • the wall is made of solid waste-based porous bricks, and the preparation of the solid-waste-based porous bricks is as follows: fly ash, cement, lime, and gypsum are 60-80:5-20:10-15:0- 5 mass ratio, mix evenly, add water according to the liquid-solid ratio of 0.60-0.75, stir evenly, then add 0.7-3 ⁇ aluminum powder, foam at 20-60 °C for 4-12h, cut into pieces according to the required size, Enter the tunnel kiln, pass the boiler flue gas and steam at 160-200 °C, and cure for 2-6 hours to obtain solid waste-based porous bricks;
  • the filler is uniformly mixed by solid waste-based porous particles, iron filings and active biomass in a mass ratio of (50-60):(10-15):(30-40);
  • the solid waste-based porous particles are one or more combinations of fly ash/coal gangue-based porous ceramsite, modified fly ash, and active coke particles, and the particle size is 2-8 mm;
  • the active biomass is wood chips , one or more of straws and rice husks, crushed to a particle size of 3-8mm, soaked in water at room temperature for a period of time, and the surface of the microbial flocculation visible to the naked eye was formed to obtain active biomass.
  • step S2 forms a rigid-flexible closed isolation layer to completely cover the coal gangue mountain, isolate the air inlet, and make the air inside the coal gangue exhausted to prevent re-ignition;
  • the solid waste-based fire extinguishing slurry is composed of fly ash, lime and cement in a mass ratio of (50-80): (15-25): (10-25), and the amount of water glass added is 3-8% of the cement,
  • the liquid-solid ratio is 0.6-0.8, wherein the fly ash is the fly ash of the pulverized coal furnace or the fly ash of the circulating fluidized bed boiler;
  • the solid waste-based cementitious sealing material described in step S3 is made of fly ash: ultra-fine ash:
  • the cement is composed of the mass ratio of (6-8): (1-2): 1, the liquid-solid ratio is (2-3): 10, and the laying thickness of the solid waste-based cementitious sealing material is 5-15 cm; step S3
  • the elastic sealing material is made by stirring and mixing powder material and liquid material, and the mass ratio of liquid material and powder material is (0.65-0.75): 1; wherein, the powder material includes fly ash and cement, and its mass ratio is (60-90): (40-10);
  • the loess mixed with gangue refers to adding 10-40% of coal gangue fragments with a particle size of less than 10 cm to the loess; the thickness of the loess mixed with gangue is 30-80 cm.
  • the preparation of the coal-based solid waste remediation material in step S5 is as follows: the coal-based solid waste porous material, low-rank coal, and waste organic matter are prepared according to (3-6): (2-4): (2-6) The mass ratio is mixed, adding 0.1-0.3% microbial quick-rot agent during the mixing process, aerobic fermentation for 10-30 days, standing for 7 days in the sedimentation tank, and crushing and sieving to obtain 1-8mm coal base Solid waste repair materials.
  • the solid waste-based porous material in step S5 is composed of 40-80% of coal gangue powder, 0-40% of fly ash, 5-20% of cement, 0-10% of desulfurized gypsum, 0-5% of lime, Foaming agent 0.7 ⁇ -3 ⁇ , water composition, liquid-solid ratio 0.6-0.8; add coal gangue powder, fly ash, desulfurized gypsum to granulator or sieve, add foaming agent to water, and press liquid-solid ratio By spraying water multiple times, making 1-8mm granules in a granulator or a sieve, putting it into a curing device, and feeding into boiler flue gas and steam for curing to obtain non-burning porous granular materials;
  • the temperature of the granulator or sieve is 30-50°C; the curing temperature of the boiler flue gas and steam is 160-200°C, and the curing time is 2-6h;
  • the foaming agent is aluminum powder, hydrogen peroxide, sodium per
  • the preparation of the solid mycorrhizal bacteria agent described in step S5 is as follows: selecting 2-5mm coal-based solid waste porous materials, adding humus to obtain a culture medium; spreading the host plant seeds inoculated with mycorrhizal bacteria spores into the Add Hoagland's nutrient solution to the culture medium with a thickness of 10-20cm, keep the humidity at 30-50% and the temperature at 20-35°C. After culturing for 1-6 months, the active spores and hyphae of mycorrhizal bacteria spread all over the culture medium.
  • the plant roots and the culture medium are crushed together to less than 0.6 cm to obtain the solid mycorrhizal bacteria agent; then the mycorrhizal bacteria solid original bacteria agent is applied to the new culture medium at a ratio of 10-15%, and the step to obtain the expanded mycorrhizal bacteria solid inoculum.
  • the mass ratio of the coal-based solid waste repair material to the solid mycorrhizal fungus in the greening of the coal gangue mountain after step S5 is 200-500: 2-10; in the greening of the slope of the coal gangue mountain, each hectare of slope surface is
  • the dosage ratio of loess, coal-based solid waste repair materials, mycorrhizal solid bacteria agent and seeds is: (40t-60t): (10t-20t): (1kg-10kg): (2kg-10kg), liquid-solid
  • the ratio is 0.8-1.2.
  • the low-rank coal is one or more of weathered coal, lignite and coal slime; the waste organic matter is farmyard manure or sludge.
  • the greening of the flattened coal gangue mountain is specifically as follows: the coal gangue mountain after being covered and leveled is dug a pit, and each pit is evenly sprinkled with a mixture of coal-based solid waste repair materials and mycorrhizal bacteria solid inoculants; For seedlings, fill the soil until it is level with the ground after righting, and water it with sufficient water in time;
  • the greening of the slope of the coal gangue mountain is as follows: mixing loess, coal-based solid waste repair materials, mycorrhizal solid bacteria agent and seeds with water to prepare a slurry spray material, and evenly spraying the slurry spray material on the coal gangue.
  • the slope of the mountain is as follows: mixing loess, coal-based solid waste repair materials, mycorrhizal solid bacteria agent and seeds with water to prepare a slurry spray material, and evenly spraying the slurry spray material on the coal gangue.
  • the water of the diversion channel is reused to irrigate vegetation through the water purified by the wall through the filler.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the invention provides a method for using coal-based solid waste for the restoration and treatment of coal gangue hills. According to the characteristics of coal gangue hills, the coal-based solid waste is penetrated in coal gangue fire extinguishing, re-ignition prevention, water conservancy facility construction, greening treatment, etc. Many links, effectively solve the problem.
  • the invention adopts the fly ash discharged from the coal-fired power plant as the main raw material to prepare the wall body and main filler of the permeable reaction wall in the drainage system, and the solid waste-based grouting fire-extinguishing material;
  • the difference in chemical composition complements each other, and the closed cementitious material can be directly poured and laid in the leveled coal gangue area, and the coal gangue area is completely sealed and isolated to replace the increasingly scarce loess, and the cost is low; coal gangue, fly ash, etc.
  • the main coal-based solid waste remediation material can improve the soil structure, as a nutrient carrier, it can increase soil organic matter, have a strong water and fertilizer retention effect, provide sufficient water and nutrients for plant growth, and save the addition of external soil fertilizers. Effectively reduce management costs.
  • the solid mycorrhizal bacteria supported on the solid waste-based porous material can maintain the activity for a long time, which is more convenient for storage than the liquid inoculum; Safe and suitable growth space; in turn, the substances secreted by mycorrhizal fungi can affect the properties of porous materials and can strengthen the interaction between porous materials and soil particles, thus potentially promoting the formation of soil aggregates with porous materials as the core.
  • the invention uses coal-based solid waste as the main raw material to prepare a series of materials for coal gangue mountain treatment, which not only saves natural repair materials, but also avoids environmental pollution caused by solid waste accumulation and damage to land resources.
  • Fig. 1 is a kind of coal-based solid waste provided by the present invention is used for coal gangue mountain restoration and treatment schematic diagram;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of active straw.
  • a method for restoring and treating coal gangue hills with coal-based solid waste comprising the following steps:
  • Construction of drainage system reduce and reinforce the pile body of the coal gangue mountain, and set the slope to 20-40°.
  • the drainage ditch from top to bottom along the slope of the coal gangue mountain will be collected to form a diversion channel, which will lead to nearby rivers or In the interception dam, the diversion channel is provided with a permeable reactive wall water purification system to the inflow of the river or the outlet of the interception dam;
  • grouting fire extinguishing by drilling deep grouting and surface grouting, use a grouting pump to inject solid waste-based fire extinguishing slurry into the coal gangue mountain where spontaneous combustion occurs, the slurry copper drum penetrates and diffuses, fills the gap, isolates oxygen, Block the burning of coal gangue in deep areas;
  • Sealing and isolation pouring and laying solid waste-based cementitious sealing material on the surface of the coal gangue mountain after fire extinguishing treatment, after natural curing and curing, spraying elastic sealing material in the gaps of each block to form a rigid-flexible closed isolation layer.
  • the coal gangue mountain is completely covered, and the air inlet is isolated, so that the air inside the coal gangue is exhausted to prevent re-ignition;
  • coal-based solid waste repair materials The coal-based solid waste porous materials, low-rank coal, and waste organic matter are mixed according to the mass ratio of (3-6): (2-4): (2-6), and the mixing process Add 0.1-0.3% microbial quick-rot agent, aerobic fermentation for 10-30 days, stand for 7 days in the sedimentation tank, and get 1-8mm coal-based solid waste repair material after crushing and screening;
  • 1 is coal gangue
  • 2 is sealing material
  • 3 is mixed gangue layer
  • 4 is grouting fire extinguishing
  • 5 is seed
  • 6 is coal-based solid waste repair material and mycorrhizal solid bacteria agent
  • 7 are seedlings.
  • the permeable reactive wall water purification system is composed of a wall body and a filler
  • the wall is made of solid waste-based porous bricks, and the preparation of the solid-waste-based porous bricks is as follows: fly ash, cement, lime, and gypsum are 60-80:5-20:10-15:0- 5 mass ratio, mix evenly, add water according to the liquid-solid ratio of 0.60-0.75, stir evenly, then add 0.7-3 ⁇ aluminum powder, foam at 20-60 °C for 4-12h, cut into pieces according to the required size, Enter the tunnel kiln, pass the boiler flue gas and steam at 160-200 °C, and cure for 2-6 hours to obtain solid waste-based porous bricks;
  • the filler is uniformly mixed with solid waste-based porous particles, iron filings and active biomass in a mass ratio of (50-60):(10-15):(30-40).
  • the solid waste-based porous particles are one or more combinations of fly ash/gangue-based porous ceramsite, modified fly ash, and active coke particles, and the particle size is 2-8 mm;
  • the material is one or more of sawdust, straw, and rice husks, crushed to a particle size of 3-8mm, soaked in water at room temperature for a period of time, and the surface of the microbial flocs visible to the naked eye can be obtained.
  • Biomass as shown in Figure 2; the coal gangue leaching raw water is purified through the permeable reaction wall, and the water quality test data before and after purification are shown in Table 1.
  • the purified water can reach the "Water Quality Standard for Farmland Irrigation" (GB5084-2005-Dry Irrigation water standards for
  • the solid waste-based fire-extinguishing slurry described in step S2 is composed of fly ash, lime, and cement in a mass ratio of (50-80): (15-25): (10-25), and the amount of water glass added is 3-3% of cement. 8%, the liquid-solid ratio is 0.6-0.8, wherein the fly ash is the fly ash of the pulverized coal boiler or the fly ash of the circulating fluidized bed boiler; the solid waste-based cementitious sealing material described in step S3 is made of fly ash: ultra Fine ash: cement is composed of the mass ratio of (6-8): (1-2): 1, the liquid-solid ratio is (2-3): 10, and the laying thickness of the solid waste-based cementitious sealing material is 5-15cm
  • the elastic sealing material described in step S3 is made by stirring and mixing powder material and liquid material, and the mass ratio of liquid material and powder material is (0.65-0.75): 1; wherein, the powder material includes fly ash, cement, and the The mass ratio is (60-90):
  • the loess mixed with gangue refers to adding 10-40% of coal gangue fragments with a particle size of less than 10 cm to the loess; the thickness of the loess mixed with gangue is 30-80 cm.
  • the solid waste-based porous material is composed of coal gangue powder 40-80%, fly ash 0-40%, cement 5-20%, desulfurization gypsum 0-10%, lime 0-5%, foaming agent 0.7 ⁇ -3 ⁇ , water composition, liquid-solid ratio 0.6-0.8; add coal gangue powder, fly ash, desulfurized gypsum to the granulator or sieve, add foaming agent to the water, and remove the water according to the liquid-solid ratio
  • granules of 1-8 mm are made in a granulator or a sieve, put into a curing device, and after curing with boiler flue gas and steam, a non-burning porous granular material is obtained; the granulator or The temperature of the sieve is 30-50°C; the curing temperature of the boiler flue gas and steam is 160-200°C, and the curing time is 2-6h; the foaming agent is one of aluminum powder, hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate
  • the restoration of the coal gangue hill specifically includes the greening of the leveled gangue hill and the greening of the slope of the coal gangue hill;
  • the greening of the flattened coal gangue mountain is specifically as follows: the coal gangue mountain after being covered with soil is digging a pit, and each pit is evenly sprinkled with 200g-500g of the coal-based solid waste repair material prepared by S1 and mycorrhizal solid bacteria prepared by S2. 2g-10g of agent; plant seedlings in the pit, fill the soil until it is level with the ground after righting, and pour enough water in time;
  • the greening of the slope of the coal gangue mountain is specifically as follows: mixing loess, coal-based solid waste repair material, mycorrhizal solid bacteria agent and seeds with water to prepare a slurry spraying material, and uniformly spraying the slurry spraying material on the The slope of coal gangue mountain; the dosage ratio of loess, coal-based solid waste repair materials, mycorrhizal solid bacteria agent and seeds per hectare of slope surface is: (40t-60t): (10t-20t): (1kg- 10kg): (2kg-10kg), the liquid-solid ratio is 0.8-1.2.
  • the low-rank coal is one or more of weathered coal, lignite and coal slime; the waste organic matter is farmyard manure or sludge.
  • the water of the diversion channel is reused to irrigate vegetation through the water purified by the wall through the filler.

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Abstract

A method for the restoration and treatment of a coal gangue mountain by using coal-based solid waste. The processes of forming a drainage system, grouting fire extinguishing, sealing and isolation, mixed gangue soil covering, and vegetation construction are sequentially performed on a coal gangue mountain body, and coal-based solid waste is run through many links such as coal gangue fire extinguishing, reignition prevention, water conservancy facility construction, greening treatment, etc. to effectively solve problems. The coal-based solid waste is used as the main raw material to prepare a series of materials for the treatment of a coal gangue mountain, which not only conserves natural repair materials, but also prevents environmental pollution caused by solid waste accumulation and damage to land resources.

Description

一种煤基固废用于煤矸石山修复治理的方法A method for coal-based solid waste restoration and treatment of coal gangue hills 技术领域technical field
本发明涉及煤矸石山生态治理技术领域，更具体而言，涉及一种煤基固废用于煤矸石山修复治理的方法。The invention relates to the technical field of ecological treatment of coal gangue mountains, and more particularly, to a method for restoring and treating coal gangue mountains with coal-based solid waste.
背景技术Background technique
随着煤炭生产能力及经济发展对能源的需求递增，经开采、洗选的煤矸石年排放量呈不断上升趋势，因此长期露天堆积的煤矸石山不仅压占土地，而且极易发生自燃并释放SO 2、H 2S、CO、NO X等有害气体，雨水淋溶液进入地下水，严重危及周边居民的身体健康，是亟须破解的生态环境保护难题。目前在煤矸石山修复治理的技术方面，中国专利申请号CN102251775A《一种煤矸石山生态修复方法》公开在整理矸石山体后，沟渠之间添加黏土、脱水污泥和煤矸石混合物，种植东南景天；沟渠的煤矸石上添加表层黏土、熟化猪粪和蛭石组成的混合基质，种地棉、紫薇等。降低煤矸石自燃几率，利用脱水污泥变废为宝。专利申请号为CN109328518A《一种煤矿矸石山的生态修复方法》公开了煤矸石山表面覆盖黄土以隔绝空气的方法，采用类壤土基质的喷播方式构建植物营养基质层并进行种子喷播。中国专利申请号为CN108298888A《一种应用于矸石山治理的封闭隔离组合物及其实施办法》公开了一种用封闭隔离组合物治理煤矸石山的方法，该封闭隔离物喷涂完成后其凝固时间受温度、湿度等气候条件影响，影响后续工作。以上均未兼顾配施菌根菌和多孔碳基填料的综合角度考虑改良土壤肥效，以稳定维持土壤有机质成分为植物生长提供适宜条件。 With the increasing demand for energy from coal production capacity and economic development, the annual emission of coal gangue after mining and washing is on the rise. Therefore, the long-term open-air accumulation of coal gangue hills not only occupies land, but is also prone to spontaneous combustion and release. Harmful gases such as SO 2 , H 2 S, CO, and NO X , the rainwater leaching solution enters the groundwater, seriously endangering the health of the surrounding residents, and it is an urgent ecological and environmental protection problem that needs to be solved. At present, in the technical aspect of the restoration and treatment of coal gangue mountains, Chinese Patent Application No. CN102251775A "An Ecological Restoration Method for Coal Gangue Mountains" discloses that after finishing the gangue mountains, clay, dewatered sludge and coal gangue mixture are added between the ditches to plant southeast scenery. On the gangue of the ditch, a mixed matrix of surface clay, matured pig manure and vermiculite was added, and cotton, crape myrtle, etc. were grown. Reduce the probability of spontaneous combustion of coal gangue, and use dewatered sludge to turn waste into treasure. The patent application number CN109328518A "An Ecological Restoration Method for Coal Mine Gangue Mountain" discloses a method for covering the surface of coal gangue mountain with loess to isolate the air, using a loam-like matrix spraying method to construct a plant nutrient matrix layer and spraying seeds. The Chinese patent application number CN108298888A "A closed isolation composition applied to the treatment of gangue mountains and its implementation method" discloses a method for treating coal gangue mountains with a closed isolation composition, and the solidification time of the closed isolation after spraying is completed. Affected by climatic conditions such as temperature and humidity, the subsequent work will be affected. None of the above takes into account the comprehensive perspective of applying mycorrhizal fungi and porous carbon-based fillers to improve soil fertilizer efficiency, and to stably maintain soil organic matter to provide suitable conditions for plant growth.
基于此，建立一种以煤基固废为主要原料的煤矸石山修复治理方案，以废治废、变废为宝，是践行两山转化理论、改善生态环境的有效途径。Based on this, it is an effective way to practice the theory of the transformation of the two mountains and improve the ecological environment to establish a coal gangue mountain restoration and treatment plan with coal-based solid waste as the main raw material.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
为了克服现有技术中所存在的不足，本发明提供一种煤基固废用于煤矸石山修复治理的方法。In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for restoring and treating coal gangue hills with coal-based solid waste.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案为：In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:
一种煤基固废用于煤矸石山修复治理的方法，包括以下步骤：A method for restoring and treating coal gangue hills with coal-based solid waste, comprising the following steps:
S1、排水系统构建：对煤矸石山的堆体进行消减加固，坡度设为20-40°，沿煤矸石山边坡从上而下的排水沟，汇集形成导流渠，通至附近河流或拦截坝中，导流渠向河流的入流口或拦截坝出口设置可渗透反应墙净水系统；S1. Construction of drainage system: reduce and reinforce the pile body of the coal gangue mountain, and set the slope to 20-40°. The drainage ditch from top to bottom along the slope of the coal gangue mountain will be collected to form a diversion channel, which will lead to nearby rivers or In the interception dam, the diversion channel is provided with a permeable reactive wall water purification system to the inflow of the river or the outlet of the interception dam;
S2、注浆灭火：通过注浆泵将固废基灭火浆液注入发生自燃的煤矸石山内部；S2, grouting fire extinguishing: inject solid waste-based fire extinguishing slurry into the coal gangue mountain where spontaneous combustion occurs through a grouting pump;
S3、封闭隔离：在注浆灭火处置后的煤矸石山表面浇注铺设固废基胶凝封闭材料，自然养护、固化后，在各分块缝隙中喷涂弹性封闭材料；S3. Sealing and isolation: pouring and laying solid waste-based cementitious sealing material on the surface of the coal gangue mountain after grouting fire extinguishing treatment, after natural curing and curing, spraying elastic sealing material in the gaps of each block;
S4、拌矸土覆盖：在封闭隔离层表面覆盖拌矸黄土层后进行生态重建；S4. Covering with mixed gangue: ecological reconstruction is carried out after covering the surface of the closed isolation layer with the mixed loess layer;
S5、植被构建：将煤基固废修复材料与菌根菌固体菌剂混合，进行平整后的煤矸石山的绿化和煤矸石山的坡面的绿化。S5. Vegetation construction: Mix the coal-based solid waste repair material with the solid mycorrhizal fungus agent to green the flattened coal gangue mountain and the slope of the coal gangue mountain.
进一步地，步骤S1中所述可渗透反应墙净水系统由墙体和填料组成；Further, the permeable reactive wall water purification system described in step S1 is composed of a wall body and a filler;
所述墙体由固废基多孔砖砌成，所述固废基多孔砖砌制备具体为：将粉煤灰、水泥、石灰、石膏按60-80：5-20：10-15：0-5的质量比例称量，混合均匀，按液固比0.60～0.75加入水搅拌均匀，再加入0.7-3‰铝粉，经20-60℃发泡4-12h，按所需尺寸切割成块，进入隧道窑，通入160-200℃锅炉烟气和蒸汽，养护2-6h制得固废基多孔砖砌；The wall is made of solid waste-based porous bricks, and the preparation of the solid-waste-based porous bricks is as follows: fly ash, cement, lime, and gypsum are 60-80:5-20:10-15:0- 5 mass ratio, mix evenly, add water according to the liquid-solid ratio of 0.60-0.75, stir evenly, then add 0.7-3‰ aluminum powder, foam at 20-60 ℃ for 4-12h, cut into pieces according to the required size, Enter the tunnel kiln, pass the boiler flue gas and steam at 160-200 ℃, and cure for 2-6 hours to obtain solid waste-based porous bricks;
所述填料由固废基多孔颗粒、铁屑及活性生物质按照(50-60):(10-15):(30-40)的质量比例混合均匀；The filler is uniformly mixed by solid waste-based porous particles, iron filings and active biomass in a mass ratio of (50-60):(10-15):(30-40);
所述固废基多孔颗粒为粉煤灰/煤矸石基多孔陶粒、改性粉煤灰、活性焦颗粒的一种或多种组合，粒径为2-8mm；所述活性生物质为木屑、秸秆、稻壳中的一种或多种，将其粉碎至粒径为3-8mm，放进水中常温浸泡一段时间，待其表面生成肉眼可见的微生物团絮即制得活性生物质。The solid waste-based porous particles are one or more combinations of fly ash/coal gangue-based porous ceramsite, modified fly ash, and active coke particles, and the particle size is 2-8 mm; the active biomass is wood chips , one or more of straws and rice husks, crushed to a particle size of 3-8mm, soaked in water at room temperature for a period of time, and the surface of the microbial flocculation visible to the naked eye was formed to obtain active biomass.
进一步地，所述固废基灭火浆液通用钻孔深层注浆、表层喷浆的方式注入煤矸石山；所述浆液通过渗透和扩散，充填空隙，隔绝氧气，阻断深部区域煤矸石燃烧；步骤S2形成刚柔结合的封闭隔离层将煤矸石山全部覆盖，隔绝空气进路，使煤矸石内部空气耗尽防复燃；Further, the solid waste-based fire-extinguishing slurry is injected into the coal gangue mountain by means of deep grouting in drilling and surface grouting; the slurry fills the gaps, isolates oxygen, and blocks the combustion of coal gangue in the deep area through infiltration and diffusion; step S2 forms a rigid-flexible closed isolation layer to completely cover the coal gangue mountain, isolate the air inlet, and make the air inside the coal gangue exhausted to prevent re-ignition;
所述固废基灭火浆液由粉煤灰、石灰、水泥的质量配比为(50-80)：(15-25)：(10-25)，水玻璃加量为水泥的3-8％，液固比为0.6-0.8，其中粉煤灰为煤粉炉粉煤灰或循环流化床锅炉粉煤灰；步骤S3中所述固废基胶凝封闭材料由粉煤灰：超细灰：水泥按(6-8)：(1-2)：1的质量配比组成，液固比为(2-3)：10，其中固废基胶凝封闭材料铺设厚度为5-15cm；步骤S3所述的弹性封闭材料由粉料和液料搅拌混匀制成，液料与粉料的质量比为(0.65-0.75)：1；其中，粉料包括粉煤灰、水泥，其质量比为(60-90)：(40-10)；液料包括有机乳液和水；有机乳液与粉料的质量比为(0.1-0.3)：1。The solid waste-based fire extinguishing slurry is composed of fly ash, lime and cement in a mass ratio of (50-80): (15-25): (10-25), and the amount of water glass added is 3-8% of the cement, The liquid-solid ratio is 0.6-0.8, wherein the fly ash is the fly ash of the pulverized coal furnace or the fly ash of the circulating fluidized bed boiler; the solid waste-based cementitious sealing material described in step S3 is made of fly ash: ultra-fine ash: The cement is composed of the mass ratio of (6-8): (1-2): 1, the liquid-solid ratio is (2-3): 10, and the laying thickness of the solid waste-based cementitious sealing material is 5-15 cm; step S3 The elastic sealing material is made by stirring and mixing powder material and liquid material, and the mass ratio of liquid material and powder material is (0.65-0.75): 1; wherein, the powder material includes fly ash and cement, and its mass ratio is (60-90): (40-10); the liquid material includes an organic emulsion and water; the mass ratio of the organic emulsion to the powder is (0.1-0.3):1.
进一步地，所述的拌矸黄土，是指在黄土中加入10～40％的粒度小于10cm的煤矸石碎块；所述拌矸黄土层厚度为30-80cm。Further, the loess mixed with gangue refers to adding 10-40% of coal gangue fragments with a particle size of less than 10 cm to the loess; the thickness of the loess mixed with gangue is 30-80 cm.
进一步地，步骤S5中所述煤基固废修复材料制备具体为：将煤基固废多孔材料、低阶煤、废弃有机质按照(3-6)：(2-4)：(2-6)的质量比混合，混合过程中添加0.1-0.3％微生物速腐剂，好氧发酵10-30天，在沉化槽中静置沉化7天，经破碎、筛分得到1-8mm的煤基固废修复材 料。Further, the preparation of the coal-based solid waste remediation material in step S5 is as follows: the coal-based solid waste porous material, low-rank coal, and waste organic matter are prepared according to (3-6): (2-4): (2-6) The mass ratio is mixed, adding 0.1-0.3% microbial quick-rot agent during the mixing process, aerobic fermentation for 10-30 days, standing for 7 days in the sedimentation tank, and crushing and sieving to obtain 1-8mm coal base Solid waste repair materials.
进一步地，步骤S5中所述固废基多孔材料，由煤矸石粉40-80％、粉煤灰0-40％、水泥5-20％、脱硫石膏0-10％、石灰0-5％、发泡剂0.7‰-3‰、水组成，液固比0.6-0.8；将煤矸石粉、粉煤灰、脱硫石膏加至造粒机或筛粒器中，水中加入发泡剂，按液固比将水分多次喷入，在造粒机或筛粒器中制成1-8mm的颗粒，放入养护装置中，通入锅炉烟气和蒸汽养护后得到免烧多孔颗粒材料；所述造粒机或筛粒器温度为30-50℃；所述锅炉烟气和蒸汽养护温度为160-200℃，养护时间为2-6h；所述发泡剂为铝粉、双氧水、过硼酸钠中一种。Further, the solid waste-based porous material in step S5 is composed of 40-80% of coal gangue powder, 0-40% of fly ash, 5-20% of cement, 0-10% of desulfurized gypsum, 0-5% of lime, Foaming agent 0.7‰-3‰, water composition, liquid-solid ratio 0.6-0.8; add coal gangue powder, fly ash, desulfurized gypsum to granulator or sieve, add foaming agent to water, and press liquid-solid ratio By spraying water multiple times, making 1-8mm granules in a granulator or a sieve, putting it into a curing device, and feeding into boiler flue gas and steam for curing to obtain non-burning porous granular materials; The temperature of the granulator or sieve is 30-50℃; the curing temperature of the boiler flue gas and steam is 160-200℃, and the curing time is 2-6h; the foaming agent is aluminum powder, hydrogen peroxide, sodium perborate A sort of.
进一步地，步骤S5中所述菌根菌固体菌剂制备具体为：选用2-5mm的煤基固废多孔材料，加入腐殖质得到培养基质；将已接种过菌根菌孢子的宿主植物种子撒入厚度10-20cm的培养基质中，加入霍格兰氏营养液，保持湿度30-50％，温度20-35℃，培养1-6个月后，菌根菌的活性孢子及菌丝遍布培养基质中，将植物根和培养基一起破碎至小于0.6cm，得到菌根菌固体原菌剂；再将菌根菌固体原菌剂按10-15％的比例应用至新的培养基质中，循环该步骤，得到扩繁的菌根菌固体菌剂。Further, the preparation of the solid mycorrhizal bacteria agent described in step S5 is as follows: selecting 2-5mm coal-based solid waste porous materials, adding humus to obtain a culture medium; spreading the host plant seeds inoculated with mycorrhizal bacteria spores into the Add Hoagland's nutrient solution to the culture medium with a thickness of 10-20cm, keep the humidity at 30-50% and the temperature at 20-35°C. After culturing for 1-6 months, the active spores and hyphae of mycorrhizal bacteria spread all over the culture medium. In the process, the plant roots and the culture medium are crushed together to less than 0.6 cm to obtain the solid mycorrhizal bacteria agent; then the mycorrhizal bacteria solid original bacteria agent is applied to the new culture medium at a ratio of 10-15%, and the step to obtain the expanded mycorrhizal bacteria solid inoculum.
步骤S5平整后的煤矸石山的绿化中所述煤基固废修复材料与菌根菌固体菌剂质量比为200-500：2-10；煤矸石山的坡面的绿化中每公顷坡面的黄土、煤基固废修复材料、菌根菌固体菌剂与种子的用量配比为：(40t-60t)：(10t-20t)：(1kg-10kg)：(2kg-10kg)，液固比为0.8-1.2。The mass ratio of the coal-based solid waste repair material to the solid mycorrhizal fungus in the greening of the coal gangue mountain after step S5 is 200-500: 2-10; in the greening of the slope of the coal gangue mountain, each hectare of slope surface is The dosage ratio of loess, coal-based solid waste repair materials, mycorrhizal solid bacteria agent and seeds is: (40t-60t): (10t-20t): (1kg-10kg): (2kg-10kg), liquid-solid The ratio is 0.8-1.2.
进一步地，所述低阶煤为风化煤、褐煤、煤泥中的一种或多种；所述废弃有机质为农家肥或污泥。Further, the low-rank coal is one or more of weathered coal, lignite and coal slime; the waste organic matter is farmyard manure or sludge.
进一步地，平整后的煤矸石山的绿化具体为：覆土平整后的煤矸石山挖坑，每个坑均匀撒入煤基固废修复材料与菌根菌固体菌剂混合物；在坑中植入苗木，扶正后填土至与地面相平，及时浇足水；Further, the greening of the flattened coal gangue mountain is specifically as follows: the coal gangue mountain after being covered and leveled is dug a pit, and each pit is evenly sprinkled with a mixture of coal-based solid waste repair materials and mycorrhizal bacteria solid inoculants; For seedlings, fill the soil until it is level with the ground after righting, and water it with sufficient water in time;
煤矸石山的坡面的绿化具体为：将黄土、煤基固废修复材料、菌根菌固体菌剂与种子加水混合制得浆状喷播材料，将浆状喷播材料均匀喷洒于煤矸石山的坡面。The greening of the slope of the coal gangue mountain is as follows: mixing loess, coal-based solid waste repair materials, mycorrhizal solid bacteria agent and seeds with water to prepare a slurry spray material, and evenly spraying the slurry spray material on the coal gangue. The slope of the mountain.
进一步地，所述导流渠的水通过墙体经填料净化后的水进行回用灌溉植被。Further, the water of the diversion channel is reused to irrigate vegetation through the water purified by the wall through the filler.
与现有技术相比，本发明所具有的有益效果为：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
本发明提供了一种煤基固废用于煤矸石山修复治理的方法，针对煤矸石山的特点，将煤基固废贯穿在煤矸石灭火、防复燃及水利设施建设、绿化治理等的众多环节，有效解决问题。本发明采用燃煤电厂排放的粉煤灰为主要原料制备排水系统中的可渗透反应墙的墙体和主要填料、固废基注浆灭火材料；利用多种煤基固废的不同矿物组成和化学组成的差异互补，制备封闭胶凝材料，可直接浇筑铺设在平整后的煤矸石区，将煤矸石区全部封闭隔离，代替日渐稀缺的黄土，成本较低；以煤矸石、粉煤灰等为主的煤基固废修复材料可改善土壤结构， 作为营养载体，可以增加土壤有机质，有较强的保水保肥作用，为植物生长提供充足的水分和养分，省去外加土壤肥料的添加，有效降低治理成本。负载在固废基多孔材料上的固体菌根菌可以保持较长时间的活性，相比于液态的菌剂更便于贮存；多孔材料在菌根菌生长过程中，可以为菌根菌菌丝提供安全、适宜的生长空间；反过来，菌根菌分泌的物质可以影响多孔材料的性能，能强化多孔材料与土壤颗粒的作用，从而有潜力促进以多孔材料为核心的土壤团聚体的形成。通过煤基固废多孔载体材料和菌根菌活性之间的构效关系，促进菌根菌生长和植物扎根，实现煤电基地生态脆弱区生态修复。本发明以煤基固废为主要原料制备系列材料，用于煤矸石山治理，既节约了天然修复材料，又避免了固废堆积对环境造成的污染以及对土地资源的破坏。The invention provides a method for using coal-based solid waste for the restoration and treatment of coal gangue hills. According to the characteristics of coal gangue hills, the coal-based solid waste is penetrated in coal gangue fire extinguishing, re-ignition prevention, water conservancy facility construction, greening treatment, etc. Many links, effectively solve the problem. The invention adopts the fly ash discharged from the coal-fired power plant as the main raw material to prepare the wall body and main filler of the permeable reaction wall in the drainage system, and the solid waste-based grouting fire-extinguishing material; The difference in chemical composition complements each other, and the closed cementitious material can be directly poured and laid in the leveled coal gangue area, and the coal gangue area is completely sealed and isolated to replace the increasingly scarce loess, and the cost is low; coal gangue, fly ash, etc. The main coal-based solid waste remediation material can improve the soil structure, as a nutrient carrier, it can increase soil organic matter, have a strong water and fertilizer retention effect, provide sufficient water and nutrients for plant growth, and save the addition of external soil fertilizers. Effectively reduce management costs. The solid mycorrhizal bacteria supported on the solid waste-based porous material can maintain the activity for a long time, which is more convenient for storage than the liquid inoculum; Safe and suitable growth space; in turn, the substances secreted by mycorrhizal fungi can affect the properties of porous materials and can strengthen the interaction between porous materials and soil particles, thus potentially promoting the formation of soil aggregates with porous materials as the core. Through the structure-activity relationship between the coal-based solid waste porous carrier material and the activity of mycorrhizal bacteria, the growth of mycorrhizal bacteria and the rooting of plants are promoted, and the ecological restoration of the ecologically fragile area of the coal power base is realized. The invention uses coal-based solid waste as the main raw material to prepare a series of materials for coal gangue mountain treatment, which not only saves natural repair materials, but also avoids environmental pollution caused by solid waste accumulation and damage to land resources.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明提供的一种煤基固废用于煤矸石山修复治理示意图；Fig. 1 is a kind of coal-based solid waste provided by the present invention is used for coal gangue mountain restoration and treatment schematic diagram;
图2为活性秸秆示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of active straw.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
一种煤基固废用于煤矸石山修复治理的方法，包括以下步骤：A method for restoring and treating coal gangue hills with coal-based solid waste, comprising the following steps:
S1、排水系统构建：对煤矸石山的堆体进行消减加固，坡度设为20-40°，沿煤矸石山边坡从上而下的排水沟，汇集形成导流渠，通至附近河流或拦截坝中，导流渠向河流的入流口或拦截坝出口设置可渗透反应墙净水系统；S1. Construction of drainage system: reduce and reinforce the pile body of the coal gangue mountain, and set the slope to 20-40°. The drainage ditch from top to bottom along the slope of the coal gangue mountain will be collected to form a diversion channel, which will lead to nearby rivers or In the interception dam, the diversion channel is provided with a permeable reactive wall water purification system to the inflow of the river or the outlet of the interception dam;
S2、注浆灭火：采用钻孔深层注浆、表层喷浆的方式，用注浆泵将固废基灭火浆液注入发生自燃的煤矸石山内部，浆液铜鼓渗透和扩散，充填空隙，隔绝氧气，阻断深部区域煤矸石燃烧；S2, grouting fire extinguishing: by drilling deep grouting and surface grouting, use a grouting pump to inject solid waste-based fire extinguishing slurry into the coal gangue mountain where spontaneous combustion occurs, the slurry copper drum penetrates and diffuses, fills the gap, isolates oxygen, Block the burning of coal gangue in deep areas;
S3、封闭隔离：在灭火处置后的煤矸石山表面浇注铺设固废基胶凝封闭材料，自然养护、固化后，在各分块缝隙中喷涂弹性封闭材料，形成刚柔结合的封闭隔离层将煤矸石山全部覆盖，隔绝空气进路，使煤矸石内部空气耗尽防复燃；S3. Sealing and isolation: pouring and laying solid waste-based cementitious sealing material on the surface of the coal gangue mountain after fire extinguishing treatment, after natural curing and curing, spraying elastic sealing material in the gaps of each block to form a rigid-flexible closed isolation layer. The coal gangue mountain is completely covered, and the air inlet is isolated, so that the air inside the coal gangue is exhausted to prevent re-ignition;
S4、拌矸土覆盖：在封闭隔离层表面覆盖拌矸黄土层后进行生态重建；S4. Covering with mixed gangue: ecological reconstruction is carried out after covering the surface of the closed isolation layer with the mixed loess layer;
S5、植被构建：S5, vegetation construction:
(1)煤基固废修复材料制备：将煤基固废多孔材料、低阶煤、废弃有机质按照(3-6)：(2-4)：(2-6)的质量比混合，混合过程中添加0.1-0.3％微生物速腐剂，好氧发酵10-30天，在沉化槽中静置沉化7天，经破碎、筛分得到1-8mm的煤基固废修复材料；(1) Preparation of coal-based solid waste repair materials: The coal-based solid waste porous materials, low-rank coal, and waste organic matter are mixed according to the mass ratio of (3-6): (2-4): (2-6), and the mixing process Add 0.1-0.3% microbial quick-rot agent, aerobic fermentation for 10-30 days, stand for 7 days in the sedimentation tank, and get 1-8mm coal-based solid waste repair material after crushing and screening;
(2)菌根菌固体菌剂制备：选用2-5mm的煤基固废多孔材料，加入腐殖质得到培养基质；将已接种过菌根菌孢子的宿主植物种子撒入厚度10-20cm的培养基质中，加入霍格兰氏营养液，保持湿度30-50％，温度20-35℃，培养1-6个月后，菌根菌的活性孢子及菌丝遍布培养基质中，将植物根和培养基一起破碎至小于0.6cm，得到菌根菌固体原菌剂；再将菌根菌固体原菌剂按10-15％的比例应用至新的培养基质中，循环该步骤，得到扩繁的菌根菌固体菌剂；(2) preparation of mycorrhizal fungus solid inoculum: select 2-5mm coal-based solid waste porous material, add humus to obtain a culture medium; sprinkle the host plant seeds inoculated with mycorrhizal spores into a culture medium with a thickness of 10-20cm Add Hoagland's nutrient solution, keep humidity 30-50%, temperature 20-35 ℃, after culturing for 1-6 months, the active spores and hyphae of mycorrhizal fungi are spread in the culture medium, and the plant roots and cultured The base is crushed together to less than 0.6 cm to obtain a solid mycorrhizal bacteria agent; and then the mycorrhizal bacteria solid original bacteria agent is applied to a new culture medium at a ratio of 10-15%, and this step is repeated to obtain the expanded bacteria. Rhizobacter solid inoculum;
(3)煤矸石山修复：将(1)中制备的煤基固废修复材料与(2)中制备的菌根菌固体菌剂混合，用于煤矸石山的修复。(3) Remediation of coal gangue hills: The coal-based solid waste restoration material prepared in (1) is mixed with the solid mycorrhizal fungus agent prepared in (2) for the restoration of coal gangue hills.
如图1所示，图中1为煤矸石，2为封闭材料，3为拌矸土层，4为注浆灭火；5为种子，6为煤基固废修复材料与菌根菌固体菌剂，7为苗木。As shown in Figure 1, 1 is coal gangue, 2 is sealing material, 3 is mixed gangue layer, 4 is grouting fire extinguishing; 5 is seed, 6 is coal-based solid waste repair material and mycorrhizal solid bacteria agent , 7 are seedlings.
进一步地，所述可渗透反应墙净水系统由墙体和填料组成；Further, the permeable reactive wall water purification system is composed of a wall body and a filler;
所述墙体由固废基多孔砖砌成，所述固废基多孔砖砌制备具体为：将粉煤灰、水泥、石灰、石膏按60-80：5-20：10-15：0-5的质量比例称量，混合均匀，按液固比0.60～0.75加入水搅拌均匀，再加入0.7-3‰铝粉，经20-60℃发泡4-12h，按所需尺寸切割成块，进入隧道窑，通入160-200℃锅炉烟气和蒸汽，养护2-6h制得固废基多孔砖砌；The wall is made of solid waste-based porous bricks, and the preparation of the solid-waste-based porous bricks is as follows: fly ash, cement, lime, and gypsum are 60-80:5-20:10-15:0- 5 mass ratio, mix evenly, add water according to the liquid-solid ratio of 0.60-0.75, stir evenly, then add 0.7-3‰ aluminum powder, foam at 20-60 ℃ for 4-12h, cut into pieces according to the required size, Enter the tunnel kiln, pass the boiler flue gas and steam at 160-200 ℃, and cure for 2-6 hours to obtain solid waste-based porous bricks;
所述填料由固废基多孔颗粒、铁屑及活性生物质按照(50-60):(10-15):(30-40)的质量比例混合均匀。The filler is uniformly mixed with solid waste-based porous particles, iron filings and active biomass in a mass ratio of (50-60):(10-15):(30-40).
进一步地，所述固废基多孔颗粒为粉煤灰/煤矸石基多孔陶粒、改性粉煤灰、活性焦颗粒的一种或多种组合，粒径为2-8mm；所述活性生物质为木屑、秸秆、稻壳中的一种或多种，将其粉碎至粒径为3-8mm，放进水中常温浸泡一段时间，待其表面生成肉眼可见的微生物团絮即制得活性生物质，如图2所示；将煤矸石淋溶原水通过可渗透反应墙净化，净化前后的水质检测数据如表1所示，净化水可以达到《农田灌溉水质标准》(GB5084-2005-旱作)的灌溉用水标准Further, the solid waste-based porous particles are one or more combinations of fly ash/gangue-based porous ceramsite, modified fly ash, and active coke particles, and the particle size is 2-8 mm; The material is one or more of sawdust, straw, and rice husks, crushed to a particle size of 3-8mm, soaked in water at room temperature for a period of time, and the surface of the microbial flocs visible to the naked eye can be obtained. Biomass, as shown in Figure 2; the coal gangue leaching raw water is purified through the permeable reaction wall, and the water quality test data before and after purification are shown in Table 1. The purified water can reach the "Water Quality Standard for Farmland Irrigation" (GB5084-2005-Dry Irrigation water standards for
表1净化前后水质检测对比(单位：mg/L)Table 1 Comparison of water quality testing before and after purification (unit: mg/L)
Figure PCTCN2021089539-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2021089539-appb-000001
步骤S2中所述固废基灭火浆液由粉煤灰、石灰、水泥的质量配比为(50-80)：(15-25)：(10-25)，水玻璃加量为水泥的3-8％，液固比为0.6-0.8，其中粉煤灰为煤粉炉粉煤灰或循环流化床锅炉粉煤灰；步骤S3中所述固废基胶凝封闭材料由粉煤灰：超细灰：水泥按(6-8)：(1-2)：1的质量配比组成，液固比为(2-3)：10，其中固废基胶凝封闭材料铺设厚度为5-15cm；步骤S3所述的弹性封闭材料由粉料和液料搅拌混匀制成，液料与粉料的质量比为(0.65-0.75)：1；其中，粉料包括粉煤灰、水泥，其质量比为(60-90)：(40-10)；液料包括有机乳液和水；有机乳液与粉料的质量比为(0.1-0.3)：1。The solid waste-based fire-extinguishing slurry described in step S2 is composed of fly ash, lime, and cement in a mass ratio of (50-80): (15-25): (10-25), and the amount of water glass added is 3-3% of cement. 8%, the liquid-solid ratio is 0.6-0.8, wherein the fly ash is the fly ash of the pulverized coal boiler or the fly ash of the circulating fluidized bed boiler; the solid waste-based cementitious sealing material described in step S3 is made of fly ash: ultra Fine ash: cement is composed of the mass ratio of (6-8): (1-2): 1, the liquid-solid ratio is (2-3): 10, and the laying thickness of the solid waste-based cementitious sealing material is 5-15cm The elastic sealing material described in step S3 is made by stirring and mixing powder material and liquid material, and the mass ratio of liquid material and powder material is (0.65-0.75): 1; wherein, the powder material includes fly ash, cement, and the The mass ratio is (60-90):(40-10); the liquid material includes organic emulsion and water; the mass ratio of the organic emulsion to the powder is (0.1-0.3):1.
进一步地，所述的拌矸黄土，是指在黄土中加入10～40％的粒度小于10cm的煤矸石碎块；所述拌矸黄土层厚度为30-80cm。Further, the loess mixed with gangue refers to adding 10-40% of coal gangue fragments with a particle size of less than 10 cm to the loess; the thickness of the loess mixed with gangue is 30-80 cm.
进一步地，所述固废基多孔材料，由煤矸石粉40-80％、粉煤灰0-40％、水泥5-20％、脱硫石膏0-10％、石灰0-5％、发泡剂0.7‰-3‰、水组成，液固比0.6-0.8；将煤矸石粉、粉煤灰、脱硫石膏加至造粒机或筛粒器中，水中加入发泡剂，按液固比将水分多次喷入，在造粒机或筛粒器中制成1-8mm的颗粒，放入养护装置中，通入锅炉烟气和蒸汽养护后得到免烧多孔颗粒材料；所述造粒机或筛粒器温度为30-50℃；所述锅炉烟气和蒸汽养护温度为160-200℃，养护时间为2-6h；所述发泡剂为铝粉、双氧水、过硼酸钠中一种。Further, the solid waste-based porous material is composed of coal gangue powder 40-80%, fly ash 0-40%, cement 5-20%, desulfurization gypsum 0-10%, lime 0-5%, foaming agent 0.7‰-3‰, water composition, liquid-solid ratio 0.6-0.8; add coal gangue powder, fly ash, desulfurized gypsum to the granulator or sieve, add foaming agent to the water, and remove the water according to the liquid-solid ratio After multiple injections, granules of 1-8 mm are made in a granulator or a sieve, put into a curing device, and after curing with boiler flue gas and steam, a non-burning porous granular material is obtained; the granulator or The temperature of the sieve is 30-50℃; the curing temperature of the boiler flue gas and steam is 160-200℃, and the curing time is 2-6h; the foaming agent is one of aluminum powder, hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate.
进一步地，所述煤矸石山的修复具体包括平整后的矸石山的绿化和煤矸石山的坡面的绿化；Further, the restoration of the coal gangue hill specifically includes the greening of the leveled gangue hill and the greening of the slope of the coal gangue hill;
所述平整后的煤矸石山的绿化具体为：覆土平整后的煤矸石山挖坑，每个坑均匀撒入S1制备的煤基固废修复材料200g-500g与S2制备的菌根菌固体菌剂2g-10g；在坑中植入苗木，扶正后填土至与地面相平，及时浇足水；The greening of the flattened coal gangue mountain is specifically as follows: the coal gangue mountain after being covered with soil is digging a pit, and each pit is evenly sprinkled with 200g-500g of the coal-based solid waste repair material prepared by S1 and mycorrhizal solid bacteria prepared by S2. 2g-10g of agent; plant seedlings in the pit, fill the soil until it is level with the ground after righting, and pour enough water in time;
所述煤矸石山的坡面的绿化具体为：将黄土、煤基固废修复材料、菌根菌固体菌剂与种子加水混合制得浆状喷播材料，将浆状喷播材料均匀喷洒于煤矸石山的坡面；每公顷坡面的黄土、煤基固废修复材料、菌根菌固体菌剂与种子的用量配比为：(40t-60t)：(10t-20t)：(1kg-10kg)：(2kg-10kg)，液固比为0.8-1.2。The greening of the slope of the coal gangue mountain is specifically as follows: mixing loess, coal-based solid waste repair material, mycorrhizal solid bacteria agent and seeds with water to prepare a slurry spraying material, and uniformly spraying the slurry spraying material on the The slope of coal gangue mountain; the dosage ratio of loess, coal-based solid waste repair materials, mycorrhizal solid bacteria agent and seeds per hectare of slope surface is: (40t-60t): (10t-20t): (1kg- 10kg): (2kg-10kg), the liquid-solid ratio is 0.8-1.2.
进一步地，所述低阶煤为风化煤、褐煤、煤泥中的一种或多种；所述废弃有机质为农家肥或污泥。Further, the low-rank coal is one or more of weathered coal, lignite and coal slime; the waste organic matter is farmyard manure or sludge.
进一步地，所述导流渠的水通过墙体经填料净化后的水进行回用灌溉植被。Further, the water of the diversion channel is reused to irrigate vegetation through the water purified by the wall through the filler.
上面仅对本发明的较佳实施例作了详细说明，但是本发明并不限于上述实施例，在本领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内，还可以在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下作出各种变化，各种变化均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。Only the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and within the scope of knowledge possessed by those of ordinary skill in the art, various aspects can also be made without departing from the purpose of the present invention. Various changes should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

  1. 一种煤基固废用于煤矸石山修复治理的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：A method for the restoration and treatment of coal gangue hills with coal-based solid waste, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
    S1、排水系统构建：对煤矸石山的堆体进行消减加固，坡度设为20-40°，沿煤矸石山边坡从上而下的排水沟，汇集形成导流渠，通至附近河流或拦截坝中，导流渠向河流的入流口或拦截坝出口设置可渗透反应墙净水系统；S1. Construction of drainage system: reduce and reinforce the pile body of the coal gangue mountain, and set the slope to 20-40°. The drainage ditch from top to bottom along the slope of the coal gangue mountain will be collected to form a diversion channel, which will lead to nearby rivers or In the interception dam, the diversion channel is provided with a permeable reactive wall water purification system to the inflow of the river or the outlet of the interception dam;
    S2、注浆灭火：通过注浆泵将固废基灭火浆液注入发生自燃的煤矸石山内部；S2, grouting fire extinguishing: inject solid waste-based fire extinguishing slurry into the coal gangue mountain where spontaneous combustion occurs through a grouting pump;
    S3、封闭隔离：在注浆灭火处置后的煤矸石山表面浇注铺设固废基胶凝封闭材料，自然养护、固化后，在各分块缝隙中喷涂弹性封闭材料；S3. Sealing and isolation: pouring and laying solid waste-based cementitious sealing material on the surface of the coal gangue mountain after grouting fire extinguishing treatment, after natural curing and curing, spraying elastic sealing material in the gaps of each block;
    S4、拌矸土覆盖：在封闭隔离层表面覆盖拌矸黄土层后进行生态重建；S4. Covering with mixed gangue: ecological reconstruction is carried out after covering the surface of the closed isolation layer with the mixed loess layer;
    S5、植被构建：将煤基固废修复材料与菌根菌固体菌剂混合，进行平整后的煤矸石山的绿化和煤矸石山的坡面的绿化。S5. Vegetation construction: Mix the coal-based solid waste repair material with the solid mycorrhizal fungus agent to green the flattened coal gangue mountain and the slope of the coal gangue mountain.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种煤基固废用于煤矸石山修复治理的方法，其特征在于：步骤S1中所述可渗透反应墙净水系统由墙体和填料组成；A method for the restoration and treatment of coal gangue hills with coal-based solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the permeable reactive wall water purification system described in step S1 is composed of a wall body and a filler;
    所述墙体由固废基多孔砖砌成，所述固废基多孔砖砌制备具体为：将粉煤灰、水泥、石灰、石膏按60-80：5-20：10-15：0-5的质量比例称量，混合均匀，按液固比0.60～0.75加入水搅拌均匀，再加入0.7-3‰铝粉，经20-60℃发泡4-12h，按所需尺寸切割成块，进入隧道窑，通入160-200℃锅炉烟气和蒸汽，养护2-6h制得固废基多孔砖砌；The wall is made of solid waste-based porous bricks, and the preparation of the solid-waste-based porous bricks is as follows: fly ash, cement, lime, and gypsum are 60-80:5-20:10-15:0- 5 mass ratio, mix evenly, add water according to the liquid-solid ratio of 0.60-0.75, stir evenly, then add 0.7-3‰ aluminum powder, foam at 20-60 ℃ for 4-12h, cut into pieces according to the required size, Enter the tunnel kiln, pass the boiler flue gas and steam at 160-200 ℃, and cure for 2-6 hours to obtain solid waste-based porous bricks;
    所述填料由固废基多孔颗粒、铁屑及活性生物质按照(50-60):(10-15):(30-40)的质量比例混合均匀；The filler is uniformly mixed by solid waste-based porous particles, iron filings and active biomass in a mass ratio of (50-60):(10-15):(30-40);
    所述固废基多孔颗粒为粉煤灰/煤矸石基多孔陶粒、改性粉煤灰、活性焦颗粒的一种或多种组合，粒径为2-8mm；所述活性生物质为木屑、秸秆、稻壳中的一种或多种，将其粉碎至粒径为3-8mm，放进水中常温浸泡一段时间，待其表面生成肉眼可见的微生物团絮即制得活性生物质。The solid waste-based porous particles are one or more combinations of fly ash/coal gangue-based porous ceramsite, modified fly ash, and active coke particles, and the particle size is 2-8 mm; the active biomass is wood chips , one or more of straws and rice husks, crushed to a particle size of 3-8mm, soaked in water at room temperature for a period of time, and the surface of the microbial flocculation visible to the naked eye was formed to obtain active biomass.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种煤基固废用于煤矸石山修复治理的方法，其特征在于：所述固废基灭火浆液通过钻孔深层注浆、表层喷浆的方式注入煤矸石山；所述浆液通过渗透和扩散，充填空隙，隔绝氧气，阻断深部区域煤矸石燃烧；步骤S2形成刚柔结合的封闭隔离层将煤矸石山全部覆盖，隔绝空气进路，使煤矸石内部空气耗尽防复燃；A method for the restoration and treatment of coal gangue hills with coal-based solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the solid waste-based fire-extinguishing slurry is injected into the coal gangue hill by means of deep grouting and surface grouting through drilling The slurry fills the voids through infiltration and diffusion, isolates oxygen, and blocks the combustion of coal gangue in the deep area; Step S2 forms a rigid-flexible closed isolation layer to cover all the coal gangue mountains, isolates the air inlet, and makes the air inside the coal gangue. Exhausted to prevent re-ignition;
    所述固废基灭火浆液由粉煤灰、石灰、水泥的质量配比为(50-80)：(15-25)：(10-25)，水玻璃加量为水泥的3-8％，液固比为0.6-0.8，其中粉煤灰为煤粉炉粉煤灰或循环流化床锅炉粉煤灰；步骤S3中所述固废基胶凝封闭材料由粉煤灰：超细灰：水泥按(6-8)：(1-2)：1的质量配比组成，液固比为(2-3)：10，其中固废基胶凝封闭材料铺设厚度为5-15cm；步骤S3所述的弹性封闭材料由粉料和液料搅拌混匀制成，液料与粉料的质量比为(0.65-0.75)：1；其中， 粉料包括粉煤灰、水泥，其质量比为(60-90)：(40-10)；液料包括有机乳液和水；有机乳液与粉料的质量比为(0.1-0.3)：1。The solid waste-based fire extinguishing slurry is composed of fly ash, lime and cement in a mass ratio of (50-80): (15-25): (10-25), and the amount of water glass added is 3-8% of the cement, The liquid-solid ratio is 0.6-0.8, wherein the fly ash is the fly ash of the pulverized coal furnace or the fly ash of the circulating fluidized bed boiler; the solid waste-based cementitious sealing material described in step S3 is made of fly ash: ultra-fine ash: The cement is composed of the mass ratio of (6-8): (1-2): 1, the liquid-solid ratio is (2-3): 10, and the laying thickness of the solid waste-based cementitious sealing material is 5-15 cm; step S3 The elastic sealing material is made by stirring and mixing powder material and liquid material, and the mass ratio of liquid material and powder material is (0.65-0.75): 1; wherein, the powder material includes fly ash and cement, and its mass ratio is (60-90): (40-10); the liquid material includes an organic emulsion and water; the mass ratio of the organic emulsion to the powder is (0.1-0.3):1.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种煤基固废用于煤矸石山修复治理的方法，其特征在于：所述的拌矸黄土，是指在黄土中加入10-40％的粒度小于10cm的煤矸石碎块；所述拌矸黄土层厚度为30-80cm。The method for remediating and treating coal gangue hills with coal-based solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mixing of gangue loess refers to adding 10-40% of coal with a particle size of less than 10cm to the loess Gangue fragments; the thickness of the mixed gangue loess layer is 30-80cm.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种煤基固废用于煤矸石山修复治理的方法，其特征在于：步骤S5中所述煤基固废修复材料制备方法：将煤基固废多孔材料、低阶煤、废弃有机质按照(3-6)：(2-4)：(2-6)的质量比混合，混合过程中添加0.1-0.3％微生物速腐剂，好氧发酵10-30天，在沉化槽中静置沉化7天，经破碎、筛分得到1-8mm的煤基固废修复材料；A method for coal-based solid waste restoration and treatment of coal gangue hills according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for preparing a coal-based solid waste restoration material described in step S5: the coal-based solid waste porous material, low The rank coal and waste organic matter are mixed according to the mass ratio of (3-6): (2-4): (2-6), 0.1-0.3% microbial quick-rot agent is added during the mixing process, and aerobic fermentation is carried out for 10-30 days. Set aside for 7 days in the sedimentation tank, and get 1-8mm coal-based solid waste repair material after crushing and screening;
    所述菌根菌固体菌剂制备方法：选用2-5mm的煤基固废多孔材料，加入腐殖质得到培养基质；将已接种过菌根菌孢子的宿主植物种子撒入厚度10-20cm的培养基质中，加入霍格兰氏营养液，保持湿度30-50％，温度20-35℃，培养1-6个月后，菌根菌的活性孢子及菌丝遍布培养基质中，将植物根和培养基一起破碎至小于0.6cm，得到菌根菌固体原菌剂；再将菌根菌固体原菌剂按10-15％的比例应用至新的培养基质中，循环该步骤，得到扩繁的菌根菌固体菌剂；The preparation method of the solid mycorrhizal fungus agent: selecting 2-5mm coal-based solid waste porous material, adding humus to obtain a culture medium; sprinkling the host plant seeds inoculated with mycorrhizal fungus spores into the culture medium with a thickness of 10-20cm Add Hoagland's nutrient solution, keep humidity 30-50%, temperature 20-35 ℃, after culturing for 1-6 months, the active spores and mycelia of mycorrhizal fungi are spread in the culture medium, and the plant roots and cultured The base is crushed to less than 0.6 cm together to obtain a solid mycorrhizal bacteria agent; and then the mycorrhizal bacteria solid agent is applied to a new culture medium at a ratio of 10-15%, and this step is repeated to obtain the expanded bacteria Rhizobacter solid inoculum;
    所述固废基多孔材料由煤矸石粉40-80％、粉煤灰0-40％、水泥5-20％、脱硫石膏0-10％、石灰0-5％、发泡剂0.7‰-3‰、水组成，液固比0.6-0.8；将煤矸石粉、粉煤灰、脱硫石膏加至造粒机或筛粒器中，水中加入发泡剂，按液固比将水分多次喷入，在造粒机或筛粒器中制成1-8mm的颗粒，放入养护装置中，通入锅炉烟气和蒸汽养护后得到免烧多孔颗粒材料；所述造粒机或筛粒器温度为30-50℃；所述锅炉烟气和蒸汽养护温度为160-200℃，养护时间为2-6h；所述发泡剂为铝粉、双氧水、过硼酸钠中一种。The solid waste-based porous material is composed of 40-80% of coal gangue powder, 0-40% of fly ash, 5-20% of cement, 0-10% of desulfurized gypsum, 0-5% of lime, and 0.7‰-3 of foaming agent. ‰, water composition, liquid-solid ratio 0.6-0.8; add coal gangue powder, fly ash, desulfurized gypsum to the granulator or sieve, add foaming agent to the water, and spray the water multiple times according to the liquid-solid ratio , make 1-8mm granules in a granulator or sieve, put it into a curing device, pass into boiler flue gas and steam for curing, and obtain non-burning porous granular materials; the temperature of the granulator or sieve is The curing temperature of the boiler flue gas and steam is 160-200 °C, and the curing time is 2-6h; the foaming agent is one of aluminum powder, hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种煤基固废用于煤矸石山修复治理的方法，其特征在于：步骤S5平整后的煤矸石山的绿化中所述煤基固废修复材料与菌根菌固体菌剂质量比为200-500：2-10；煤矸石山的坡面的绿化中每公顷坡面的黄土、煤基固废修复材料、菌根菌固体菌剂与种子的用量配比为：(40t-60t)：(10t-20t)：(1kg-10kg)：(2kg-10kg)，液固比为0.8-1.2。A method for the restoration and treatment of coal gangue hills with coal-based solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coal-based solid waste restoration materials and mycorrhizal bacteria described in the greening of the coal gangue hills after leveling in step S5 The mass ratio of solid inoculants is 200-500:2-10; the amount of loess, coal-based solid waste repair materials, mycorrhizal solid inoculants and seeds per hectare of slope in the greening of coal gangue hills is : (40t-60t): (10t-20t): (1kg-10kg): (2kg-10kg), the liquid-solid ratio is 0.8-1.2.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种煤基固废用于煤矸石山修复治理的方法，其特征在于：所述低阶煤为风化煤、褐煤、煤泥中的一种或多种；所述废弃有机质为农家肥或污泥。The method for remediating and treating coal gangue hills with coal-based solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the low-rank coal is one or more of weathered coal, lignite and coal slime; the Waste organic matter is farmyard manure or sludge.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种煤基固废用于煤矸石山修复治理的方法，其特征在于：所述平整后的煤矸石山的绿化：覆土平整后的煤矸石山挖坑，每个坑均匀撒入煤基固废修复材料与菌根菌固体菌剂混合物；在坑中植入苗木，扶正后填土至与地面相平，及时浇足水；A method for the restoration and treatment of coal gangue hills with coal-based solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the greening of the leveled coal gangue hills: the coal gangue hills after being covered and leveled are dug pits, each Evenly sprinkle the coal-based solid waste repair material and the solid mycorrhizal fungus mixture into the pit; plant seedlings in the pit, fill it with soil until it is level with the ground, and water it in time;
    煤矸石山的坡面的绿化：将黄土、煤基固废修复材料、菌根菌固体菌剂与种子加水混合 制得浆状喷播材料，将浆状喷播材料均匀喷洒于煤矸石山的坡面。Greening of the slopes of coal gangue mountains: Mix loess, coal-based solid waste repair materials, mycorrhizal solid bacteria agents and seeds with water to prepare slurry spraying materials, and spray the slurry spraying materials evenly on the coal gangue mountains. slope.
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种煤基固废用于煤矸石山修复治理的方法，其特征在于：所述导流渠的水通过墙体经填料净化后的水进行回用灌溉植被。The method for remediating and treating coal gangue hills with coal-based solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the water in the diversion channel is reused to irrigate vegetation through the water purified by the wall through the filler.
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CN115608418A (en) * 2022-10-14 2023-01-17 陕西科技大学 Photocatalytic synergistic adsorption material based on coal gangue and preparation method and application thereof
CN115608418B (en) * 2022-10-14 2024-03-26 陕西科技大学 Photocatalysis synergistic adsorption material based on gangue and preparation method and application thereof
CN116003191A (en) * 2022-12-19 2023-04-25 河北环境工程学院 Comprehensive utilization method of coal gangue
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