CN101851927B - Method for ecologically restoring pits - Google Patents
Method for ecologically restoring pits Download PDFInfo
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- CN101851927B CN101851927B CN2010101835965A CN201010183596A CN101851927B CN 101851927 B CN101851927 B CN 101851927B CN 2010101835965 A CN2010101835965 A CN 2010101835965A CN 201010183596 A CN201010183596 A CN 201010183596A CN 101851927 B CN101851927 B CN 101851927B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for ecologically restoring pits. The method is used for vegetation restoration by adopting a combination method of foreign soil greening and palisades spray seeding on slope toe platforms, improves the crumble structure and the smell of sludge, reduces the quantity of pathogenic bacteria and parasitic ova, and improves the available contents of nutrient indexes comprising N, P, K and the like by utilizing the organic fertilizer features of urban sludge per se, medicine dregs, agricultural wastes and the like through fertilizer composting so that the fertilizers are more beneficial to plant adsorption. The method ensures that a great amount of urban sludge is effectively handled, can be also used for improving the pits having no soil substrates for vegetation growth into soil suitable for reclamation, and is a good method which has the advantages of low improving cost, waste reclamation, simple and easy enforcement and effectiveness and can create huge environmental benefits, economic benefits and social benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly utilize the mud and the dregs of a decoction or/and the straw the like waste carries out the method for restoration of the ecosystem, belong to field of environment protection Dang Kou.
Background technology
Dang Kou is meant the soil that can't use without certain processing that is destroyed by mining activity.In recent years, the land area of discarding owing to mining increases year by year.Large-area Dang Kou has not only reduced available land resources, also region environment has been produced many negative effects simultaneously.From technological layer, the maximum difficult point of the plant recovery of mine abandoned land is the abandoned land soil depletion, organic content is very low, is a kind ofly not possess the soil matrix of vegetation growth and become new bare hills and mountains.
On the other hand, along with developing rapidly of urban construction, the sanitary sewage disposal factory of various places is all among further extending, the mud that Wastewater Treatment Plant discharges is the waste residue with sanitary sewage concentrates with gravity and discharge mechanization dehydration back, it contains the required nitrogen of growth and development of plants, phosphorus, potassium and keeps the various trace elements of plant normal growth growth and the organic matter of the structure of improving the soil, and also contains the organic poison of pathogenic microorganism, parasite (ovum), heavy metal and some difficult degradation simultaneously.Moisture content develops very difficult 70～80%.Cause the mud bulk deposition of Wastewater Treatment Plant's discharge and be difficult to disposal, now become extremely fragile weak link, and develop into " threshold " that hinders the sewage treatment industry sound development.
Again on the one hand; what produce in agricultural production that a large amount of feces of livestock and poultry, production and processing industries that a large amount of agricultural wastes such as crop straw, scale animal and poultry cultivation already produce produce a large amount of rice husks and wood chip etc. utilizes approach also very limited; utilization rate is also very low; also there are phenomenons such as crop straw burning and random row's feces of livestock and poultry; not only waste resource and pollutant atmosphere, the feces of livestock and poultry discharging also causes water body environment pollution, atmosphere odor pollution and harmful pathogen microbial contamination.
In addition, in the pharmaceutical industry of Chinese medicine, also can produce a large amount of dregs of a decoction every day, also contain the required nitrogen of growth and development of plants, phosphorus, potassium in these Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction and keep the various trace elements of plant normal growth growth and the organic matter of the structure of improving the soil, utilization rate is also very low, also bulk deposition and be difficult to dispose.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention mainly is the mud in order to utilize the municipal sewage plant to discharge, mix an amount of agricultural wastes or/and the dregs of a decoction after suitably handling, for the Dang Kou that does not possess vegetation growth carries out the method that ecological recovery provides a kind of effective mouthful restoration of the ecosystem of delaying.
The method of mouthful restoration of the ecosystem of delaying of the present invention adopts greening of toe platform soil moved in to improve the original and crag to sow grass seeds by duster to combine and carries out vegetation recovery, mainly may further comprise the steps:
A) remove rotten stone on mouthful crag and the stone of delaying of reclaiming, to guarantee construction safety with potential safety hazard;
B) reclaiming near Dang Kou or select it near the leeward platform in the Chaoyang of side slope or lowland as the compost place;
C) mud, the dregs of a decoction and/or farm manure are transported to the compost place respectively;
D) be after 10 parts in mud, the dregs of a decoction and/or agricultural wastes 5-10 part are evenly mixed with parts by volume, spray an amount of EM bacterium dilution, be deposited on the platform or in the lowland and ferment, covered with plastic film insulation at night, at least 3 weeks of fermentation, be composting production after becoming thoroughly decomposed, hang down the fermentation time in season for temperature and answer proper extension;
E) composting production of fermentation after finishing not only can be used for the toe platform and reclaimed but also can be used for crag and reclaim; When being used for the toe platform and reclaiming, in order to save the composting production consumption, can be to add delay 10 parts of mouthful rubbles or delay 10 parts in mouthful slag or the 10 parts of mixed loam of mouthful poor soil of delaying in the composting production of 3-5 part to be backfilling on the toe platform of Dang Kou in parts by volume, sow the vegetable seeds or the sapling of preliminary election again, the sowing 2 days in add a cover nonwoven, take off cloth after 30-50 days, generally do not need artificial maintenance management behind the Cheng Ping, if prolonged drought then be should give the management of watering;
F) composting production after fermentation is finished, when being used for crag and reclaiming, at the cleaning rock surface rubble, on the basis of weeds and unconsolidated formation, sowing grass seeds by duster earlier provides the greening top layer of sowing grass seeds by duster and containing shrub kind and grass seeds behind the basal layer of giving birth to and bringing up for plant, in order to improve the adhesion of basal layer and rock surface, can be to add in 10 parts the composting production after 0.5-1 part cement and suitable quantity of water mix in parts by volume, be preset with on the scar of reinforcing wire gauze with top-down being ejected into of alien earth sparging machine, the thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is that 5-10cm is basal layer, and then get composting production and add an amount of shrub kind or grass seeds and suitable quantity of water are mixed the back and evenly sowed grass seeds by duster on the basal layer with the seed spray seeder, the thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is that 1-2cm is the greening top layer, add a cover nonwoven in 2 days after sowing grass seeds by duster in the greening top layer, take off cloth after 30-50 days, prolonged drought generally do not need artificial maintenance management behind the Cheng Ping, if then be should give the management of watering.
Need in order to ensure vegetation growth, the degree of depth of the backfill loam that described toe platform is reclaimed is at least 30cm for the degree of depth of the backfill loam of sowing plant, is at least 50cm for the degree of depth of the backfill loam of plantation shrub or sapling.
When crag is reclaimed, for the adhesion that improves basal layer and rock surface with resist rain drop erosion, reduce soil erosion, for the gradient more greatly rather than too steep crag, should be preset with the reinforcing wire gauze before basal layer is sowed grass seeds by duster, its structure comprises anchor pole and two-layer wire gauze, to be 50-200cm by mesh spacing be installed on the crag after boring described anchor pole, two-layer wire gauze be spaced apart 5-10cm and put on a suit of armour respectively with colligation on anchor pole bottom and anchor pole top.
The method of mouthful restoration of the ecosystem of delaying of the present invention, the municipal sewage plant sludge treatment of discharging and mouthful zoology green-recovery worker that delays are combined, the organic fertilizer feature of utilizing the municipal sludge itself and the dregs of a decoction and agricultural wastes etc. to have, the crumb structure and the smell of mud have been improved by sludge aerobic compost, the pathogen and the parasitic ovum quantity that reduce, improved the content of nutritive index available states such as N, P, K, made it more help plant absorbing.A large amount of municipal sludges are effectively disposed, can use the ecological recovery technology again, Dang Kou improvement the becoming soil that is fit to reclaim of the soil matrix of vegetation growth will do not possessed, the land resources that the economy of forestry that can increase sharply is used, recover greening, the mine abandoned land is after revegetation, soil physical property can be greatly improved, it is loose porous that soil becomes, water-permeable and air permeable is better, become the growth fertile soil of suitable plant, solved delay mouthful soil depletion and the rare problem of soil resource, meet the direction of sustainable development.Avoided food chain simultaneously, reduced direct harm, and it can have been included in ecological benign cycle, promoted the sustainable development in city human body.Be a kind of improve cost low, turn waste into wealth, simple, the effective good method that can create huge environmental benefit, economic benefit and social benefit.
The specific embodiment
That the present invention is further elaborated is as follows in conjunction with instantiation:
The method of mouthful restoration of the ecosystem of delaying of the present invention adopts greening of toe platform soil moved in to improve the original and crag to sow grass seeds by duster to combine and carries out vegetation recovery, mainly may further comprise the steps:
A) remove rotten stone on mouthful crag and the stone of delaying of reclaiming, to guarantee construction safety with potential safety hazard;
B) reclaiming near Dang Kou or select it near the leeward platform in the Chaoyang of side slope or lowland as the compost place;
C) mud, the dregs of a decoction and/or farm manure are transported to the compost place respectively;
D) be after 10 parts in mud, dregs of a decoction 5-10 part or agricultural wastes 5-10 part or the dregs of a decoction and agricultural wastes 5-10 part are evenly mixed with parts by volume, spray an amount of EM bacterium dilution, be deposited on the platform or in the lowland and ferment, covered with plastic film insulation at night, at least 3 weeks of fermentation, be composting production after becoming thoroughly decomposed, hang down the fermentation time in season for temperature and answer proper extension; Described agricultural wastes comprise a large amount of feces of livestock and poultry, production and processing industries that crop straw, scale animal and poultry cultivation already produce produce a large amount of rice husks and wood chip etc. all can, can prescind 2-5cm for the long dregs of a decoction and crop straw, more help mixing and fermentation.For the also available common anaerobic bacteria of EM bacterium of spraying or aerobic bacteria or the replacement of its compound bacteria.
E) composting production of fermentation after finishing not only can be used for the toe platform and reclaimed but also can be used for crag and reclaim; When being used for the toe platform and reclaiming, in order to save the composting production consumption, can be to add delay 10 parts of mouthful rubbles or delay 10 parts in mouthful slag or the 10 parts of mixed loam of mouthful poor soil of delaying in the composting production of 3-5 part to be backfilling on the toe platform of Dang Kou in parts by volume, sow the vegetable seeds or the sapling of preliminary election again, add a cover nonwoven in after planting 2 days, take off cloth after 30-50 days, generally do not need artificial maintenance management behind the Cheng Ping, if prolonged drought then be should give the management of watering; Can be suitably less for the composting production in the loam that is backfilling into toe platform bottom, the composting production that is backfilling in the loam on toe platform top can be suitably some more.
F) composting production after fermentation is finished, when being used for crag and reclaiming, at the cleaning rock surface rubble, on the basis of weeds and unconsolidated formation, sowing grass seeds by duster earlier provides the greening top layer of sowing grass seeds by duster and containing shrub kind and grass seeds behind the basal layer of giving birth to and bringing up for plant, in order to improve the adhesion of basal layer and rock surface, can be to add in 10 parts the composting production after 0.5-1 part cement and suitable quantity of water mix in parts by volume, be preset with on the scar of reinforcing wire gauze with top-down being ejected into of alien earth sparging machine, the thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is that 5-10cm is basal layer, and then get composting production and add an amount of shrub kind or grass seeds and suitable quantity of water are mixed the back and evenly sowed grass seeds by duster on the basal layer with the seed spray seeder, the thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is that 1-2cm is the greening top layer, add a cover nonwoven in 2 days after sowing grass seeds by duster in the greening top layer, take off cloth after 30-50 days, prolonged drought generally do not need artificial maintenance management behind the Cheng Ping, if then be should give the management of watering.
Need in order to ensure vegetation growth, the degree of depth of the backfill loam that described toe platform is reclaimed is at least 30cm for the degree of depth of the backfill loam of sowing plant, is at least 50cm for the degree of depth of the backfill loam of plantation shrub or sapling.
When crag is reclaimed, for the adhesion that improves basal layer and rock surface with resist rain drop erosion, reduce soil erosion, for the gradient more greatly rather than too steep crag, should be preset with the reinforcing wire gauze before basal layer is sowed grass seeds by duster, its structure comprises anchor pole and two-layer wire gauze, to be 50-200cm by mesh spacing be installed on the crag after boring described anchor pole, two-layer wire gauze be spaced apart 5-10cm and put on a suit of armour respectively with colligation on anchor pole bottom and anchor pole top.As when the anchor bolt construction, can adopt boring, slip casting and slotting anchor pole, select for use as anchor pole
Screw-thread steel, the long 60cm of anchor pole, anchor pole insert angle and should expose domatic length and be about 10cm as far as possible perpendicular to domatic, fix with tie wire and two-layer wire gauze colligation respectively in the bottom of the liftoff 1-2cm of anchor pole and the top of liftoff 6-8cm.Linked network when construction, wire gauze can be adopted the method that put from top to down, use tie wire between the adjacent two rolled steel wire nets and be connected and fixed and have suitably overlapping.
Claims (3)
1. the method for mouthful restoration of the ecosystem of delaying adopts greening of toe platform soil moved in to improve the original and crag to sow grass seeds by duster to combine and carries out vegetation recovery, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
A) remove rotten stone on mouthful crag and the stone of delaying of reclaiming, to guarantee construction safety with potential safety hazard;
B) reclaiming near Dang Kou or select it near the leeward platform in the Chaoyang of side slope or lowland as the compost place;
C) mud, the dregs of a decoction and/or farm manure are transported to the compost place respectively;
D) be after 10 parts in mud, the dregs of a decoction and/or agricultural wastes 5-10 part are evenly mixed with parts by volume, spray an amount of EM bacterium dilution, be deposited on the platform or in the lowland and ferment, covered with plastic film insulation at night, at least 3 weeks of fermentation, be composting production after becoming thoroughly decomposed, hang down the fermentation time in season for temperature and answer proper extension;
E) composting production of fermentation after finishing not only can be used for the toe platform and reclaimed but also can be used for crag and reclaim; When being used for the toe platform and reclaiming, in order to save the composting production consumption, in parts by volume is to add delay 10 parts of mouthful rubbles or delay 10 parts in mouthful slag or 10 parts of mouthful poor soils of delaying in the composting production of 3-5 part, mixed loam is backfilling on the toe platform of Dang Kou, sow the vegetable seeds or the sapling of preliminary election again, add a cover nonwoven in after planting 2 days, take off cloth after 30-50 days, prolonged drought generally do not need artificial maintenance management behind the Cheng Ping, if then be should give the management of watering;
F) composting production after fermentation is finished, when being used for crag and reclaiming, at the cleaning rock surface rubble, on the basis of weeds and unconsolidated formation, sowing grass seeds by duster earlier provides the greening top layer of sowing grass seeds by duster and containing shrub kind and grass seeds behind the basal layer of giving birth to and bringing up for plant, in order to improve the adhesion of basal layer and rock surface, in parts by volume is to add in 10 parts the composting production after 0.5-1 part cement and suitable quantity of water mix, be preset with on the scar of reinforcing wire gauze with top-down being ejected into of alien earth sparging machine, the thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is that 5-10cm is basal layer, and then get composting production and add an amount of shrub kind or grass seeds and suitable quantity of water are mixed the back and evenly sowed grass seeds by duster on the basal layer with the seed spray seeder, the thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is that 1-2cm is the greening top layer, add a cover nonwoven in 2 days after sowing grass seeds by duster in the greening top layer, take off cloth after 30-50 days, prolonged drought generally do not need artificial maintenance management behind the Cheng Ping, if then be should give the management of watering.
2. the method for mouthful restoration of the ecosystem of delaying as claimed in claim 1, the degree of depth that it is characterized in that the backfill loam that described toe platform is reclaimed, the degree of depth of backfill loam for the sowing plant is at least 30cm, is at least 50cm for the degree of depth of the backfill loam of plantation shrub or sapling.
3. the method for mouthful restoration of the ecosystem of delaying as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the reinforcing wire gauze on the described crag, its structure comprises anchor pole and two-layer wire gauze, to be 50-200cm by mesh spacing be installed on the crag after boring described anchor pole, two-layer wire gauze be spaced apart 5-10cm and put on a suit of armour respectively with colligation on anchor pole bottom and anchor pole top.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010101835965A CN101851927B (en) | 2010-05-27 | 2010-05-27 | Method for ecologically restoring pits |
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| CN2010101835965A CN101851927B (en) | 2010-05-27 | 2010-05-27 | Method for ecologically restoring pits |
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| CN101851927A CN101851927A (en) | 2010-10-06 |
| CN101851927B true CN101851927B (en) | 2011-09-14 |
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| CN2010101835965A Expired - Fee Related CN101851927B (en) | 2010-05-27 | 2010-05-27 | Method for ecologically restoring pits |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102452859B (en) * | 2010-10-30 | 2015-05-20 | 贵州交勘生态园林有限责任公司 | Karst shrub revetment nutrition substrate made by utilizing dregs of decoction and preparation method thereof |
| CN102452860A (en) * | 2010-10-30 | 2012-05-16 | 贵州科农生态环保科技有限责任公司 | Karst shrub protection slope artificial soil prepared from drug residues and preparation method thereof |
| CN103053301B (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2014-10-01 | 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 | Barren mountain greening technology |
| CN103814781B (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2015-09-02 | 深圳市万信达生态环境股份有限公司 | A kind of functional material for bare slope vegetation establishment water storage fertilizer |
| CN111066622B (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2021-09-17 | 中国地质工程集团有限公司 | Straw recycling organic ecological planting soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN113455306A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-10-01 | 中煤科工集团北京土地整治与生态修复科技研究院有限公司 | Vegetation greening method |
| CN113455308A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-10-01 | 中煤科工集团北京土地整治与生态修复科技研究院有限公司 | Method for re-greening vegetation |
| CN113455307A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-10-01 | 中煤科工集团北京土地整治与生态修复科技研究院有限公司 | Vegetation greening method |
| CN115885612A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-04-04 | 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 | Aggregate spray-seeding method for forest stand improvement in tropical coastal areas |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| UA56822C2 (en) * | 2002-09-24 | 2007-02-15 | Univ Nat Mining | Method for restoration of deep pits |
| DE10309151A1 (en) * | 2003-02-28 | 2004-09-09 | Bul - Bergbausanierung Und Landschaftsgestaltung Brandenburg Gmbh | Water-permeable vegetative fence of fascines for the embankment systems of mining residue water comprises a net-like mat or fleece provided with a water-soluble alkalization medium and plants with humus-free substrate balls |
| CN101180930B (en) * | 2006-11-14 | 2012-05-30 | 王卿芳 | Zoology reconditioning technical method of mountains rock landscape |
| CN101440003A (en) * | 2007-11-21 | 2009-05-27 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Artificial soil, and formulating method and use thereof |
| CN101519966B (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2011-06-01 | 赵平 | Method for comprehensively treating ecological environment of coal gangue hill |
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