CN109089453B - Soil system reconstruction method for reclaiming abandoned mine into forest land - Google Patents
Soil system reconstruction method for reclaiming abandoned mine into forest land Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109089453B CN109089453B CN201810967864.9A CN201810967864A CN109089453B CN 109089453 B CN109089453 B CN 109089453B CN 201810967864 A CN201810967864 A CN 201810967864A CN 109089453 B CN109089453 B CN 109089453B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- covering
- sludge
- hardened
- thickness
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a soil system reconstruction method for reclaiming abandoned mines into forest lands, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: 5-20 cm of ploughing hardened soil on the surface layer of the mine, collecting the hardened soil, covering with stabilized sludge with the thickness of 20-25 cm, covering with loam with the thickness of 20-25 cm, covering with collected hardened soil with the thickness of 10-15 cm, covering with stabilized sludge with the thickness of 10-15 cm, ploughing the built layered soil with the depth of 20-25 cm, and planting vegetation in the ploughed soil matrix. The invention mainly solves the problems of three aspects, namely saving the foreign soil source. The existing hardened surface soil and urban sludge in a mining area are fully utilized, so that a soil source for foreign soil is saved, and the newly added secondary damage to the environment is reduced; secondly, a soil configuration is constructed, and the formation of a soil ecosystem is accelerated; thirdly, the municipal sludge is recycled, and no secondary pollution is generated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental remediation, in particular to a soil system reconstruction method for reclaiming abandoned mines into forest lands.
Background
For mine restoration, because of mechanical operation, most of surface soil of a mining area is in a hardened and desertified state, the hardened soil has poor water retention capacity and low soil barren fertility, the part of soil is not fully utilized in the traditional mine restoration, only soil covering is carried out after plowing, at present, a soil source required by mine reclamation is difficult to obtain, a new environment is damaged while a new soil source is obtained, and restoration cost is increased, so that the resource utilization and improvement of the hardened part of soil of the mining area are particularly important;
in the mine reclamation stage, the most important is to reconstruct a soil ecosystem with higher soil productivity, at present, many mines are reclaimed and more are defined as engineering projects, only simple soil dressing and greening are carried out, but the soil ecosystem is not restored, the research of the modern reclamation technology is mainly to reconstruct soil factors rather than establishing crop factors, and the most important is to construct an optimal soil physical, chemical and biological condition for achieving the optimal productivity of the reclaimed soil.
With the acceleration of the urbanization level and the continuous improvement of the urban sewage treatment rate, the sludge amount generated in the sewage treatment process is increased sharply. However, due to the lack of a reasonable and effective management method and treatment and disposal technology, a large amount of municipal sludge can be temporarily stacked, and secondary pollution caused by the temporary stacking causes great harm to the environment. Land utilization is the most effective sludge resource utilization mode recognized at present, however, the safe land utilization of sludge is limited by pollutants existing in sludge in large quantity, so how to effectively and safely dispose sludge and utilize sludge according to local conditions according to the characteristics of sludge becomes a research focus in the future.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soil system reconstruction method for reclaiming abandoned mines into forest lands, which solves the problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method for reconstructing a soil system for reclaiming abandoned mines into forest lands comprises the following steps:
(1) turning over the hardened soil on the surface layer of the mine by using a rotary cultivator, wherein the depth of the turned soil is 5-20 cm, and collecting the hardened soil;
(2) covering stabilized sludge with the thickness of 20-25 cm on the mine after the hardened soil is cleaned;
(3) covering with loam with the thickness of 20-25 cm on the basis of covering with the stabilized sludge;
(4) covering the hardened soil with the thickness of 10-15 cm collected in the step (1) on the basis of covering loam;
(5) covering stabilized sludge with the thickness of 10-15 cm on the basis of covering hardened soil;
(6) turning the built layered soil to a depth of 20-25 cm by using a rotary cultivator;
(7) and (4) scattering grass seeds into the ploughed soil matrix, and planting trees and shrubs.
Preferably, the hardened soil plowed in the step (1) needs to be screened by a 2mm sieve to remove large-particle-size gravels and then collected.
Preferably, the stabilized sludge is aerobic compost sludge, the compost raw materials comprise municipal sludge with the water content of 80%, straws and biochar, the mass ratio of the materials is 100:20:9, and the fermentation period is 35-45 days;
preferably, the plowing in the step (6) is carried out twice back and forth, so that the hardened soil on the surface layer of the mine and the compost sludge are uniformly turned and mixed as much as possible;
preferably, the shrubs in the step (7) are pioneer plants with enrichment capacity, and the trees are fast-growing woody plants.
The hardened soil on the surface layer of the mine is hardened sandy soil with low nutrient content and high gravel content, the grain size of the compost sludge is fine, and the sandy soil and the compost sludge which are ploughed and sieved can be ploughed in a plough layer to improve the texture of the sandy soil to sandy loam and ensure the more nutrient content; the loam in the middle layer is a soil source at the periphery of the mining area, has a buffering effect, and is beneficial to accelerating the transformation of the whole soil configuration to a healthy soil ecosystem because the soil source has microbial colonies and soil characteristics which are coordinated with the environment; the compost sludge at the bottom layer is mainly a water retention layer, the grain size is fine, the water retention effect is good, the biochar in the compost sludge has a slow release effect, and when roots of plant roots are deeply rooted to the bottom layer, the slow release nutrients can be still drawn to meet the growth of the plants. After the municipal sludge is subjected to harmless composting, the concentrations of heavy metals and organic pollutants completely reach the national emission standard, and meanwhile, in view of the fact that the municipal sludge is mainly applied to forest areas, potential hidden dangers can be completely eliminated through plant adsorption, and the possibility that the municipal sludge enters a food chain is eliminated.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention mainly solves the problems of three aspects, namely saving the foreign soil source. The existing hardened surface soil and urban sludge in a mining area are fully utilized, so that a soil source for foreign soil is saved, and the newly added secondary damage to the environment is reduced; secondly, a soil configuration is constructed, and the formation of a soil ecosystem is accelerated. The plough layer soil of the soil structure is mellow soil, which is beneficial to plant growth, the foreign soil layer of the middle layer reduces the migration of pollutants of compost sludge, and tests show that the soil structure can reach the water quality standard of farmland irrigation after being washed by rainwater, and the compost sludge of the lowest layer can retain water, simultaneously increase the soil fertility and accelerate the construction of a soil ecosystem; thirdly, the municipal sludge is recycled, and no secondary pollution is generated. The sludge is stabilized through the compost, so that heavy metals become stable and have low solubility, pathogenic bacteria and worm eggs are killed, meanwhile, the biochar compost is added, the management and control of the heavy metals and organic pollutants are further enhanced, and the effect of slow release of fertility is achieved; fast growing tree species are planted in the plough layer, and heavy metals and organic pollutants in the soil are enriched through plants; the method is applied to the reclamation of the forest land and the mine, and even if the leaching loss of nutrient components such as nitrogen and soluble heavy metals exists, the nutrient components and the soluble heavy metals can be absorbed by trees in the forest land around the mining area.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail and fully with reference to the following examples, and it should be understood that the described examples are only a part of the examples of the present invention, and not all of the examples. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for reconstructing a mine soil system, which comprises the following steps:
(1) turning over the hardened soil on the surface layer of the mine with a rotary cultivator to a depth of 5cm, collecting the hardened soil, and collecting after removing large-particle-size gravels through a 2mm sieve;
(2) uniformly mixing municipal sludge with the water content of 80%, straws and biochar according to the mass ratio of 100:20:9, and fermenting for 35 days to obtain stabilized sludge;
(3) covering the mine with the thickness of 20cm after the hardened soil is cleaned, and stabilizing the sludge in the step (2);
(3) covering 25cm of loam on the basis of covering the stabilized sludge;
(4) covering the hardened soil with the thickness of 10cm collected in the step (1) on the basis of covering loam;
(5) covering the stabilized sludge with the thickness of 15cm on the basis of covering the hardened soil;
(6) turning the built layered soil with the depth of 20cm by using a rotary cultivator, and turning back and forth twice to ensure that the hardened soil on the surface layer of the mine and compost sludge are turned and mixed uniformly as much as possible;
(7) and (3) scattering grass seeds into the ploughed soil matrix, and planting trees and shrubs, wherein the shrubs are pioneer plants with high enrichment capacity, and the trees are fast-growing woody plants.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for reconstructing a mine soil system, which comprises the following steps:
(1) turning over the hardened soil on the surface layer of the mine with the depth of 12cm by using a rotary cultivator, collecting the hardened soil, and collecting after removing large-particle-size gravels by using a 2mm sieve;
(2) uniformly mixing municipal sludge with the water content of 80%, straws and biochar according to the mass ratio of 100:20:9, and fermenting for 40 days to obtain stabilized sludge;
(3) covering the mine with the thickness of 23cm after the hardened soil is cleaned, and stabilizing the sludge in the step (2);
(3) covering loam with the thickness of 22cm on the basis of covering the stabilized sludge;
(4) covering the hardened soil with the thickness of 12cm collected in the step (1) on the basis of covering loam;
(5) covering the hardened soil with 13 cm thick stabilized sludge;
(6) turning the built layered soil with the depth of 23cm by using a rotary cultivator, and turning back and forth twice to ensure that the hardened soil on the surface layer of the mine and compost sludge are turned and mixed uniformly as much as possible;
(7) and (3) scattering grass seeds into the ploughed soil matrix, and planting trees and shrubs, wherein the shrubs are pioneer plants with high enrichment capacity, and the trees are fast-growing woody plants.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for reconstructing a mine soil system, which comprises the following steps:
(1) turning over the hardened soil on the surface layer of the mine with a rotary cultivator, wherein the depth of the hardened soil is 20cm, collecting the hardened soil, and screening the hardened soil by a 2mm sieve to remove large-particle-size gravels and then collecting the hardened soil;
(2) uniformly mixing municipal sludge with the water content of 80%, straws and biochar according to the mass ratio of 100:20:9, and fermenting for 45 days to obtain stabilized sludge;
(3) covering a mine with the thickness of 25cm after the hardened soil is cleaned, and stabilizing the sludge in the step (2);
(3) covering with loam with the thickness of 20cm on the basis of covering with the stabilized sludge;
(4) covering the hardened soil with the thickness of 15cm collected in the step (1) on the basis of covering loam;
(5) covering the stabilized sludge with the thickness of 10cm on the basis of covering the hardened soil;
(6) turning the constructed layered soil with the depth of 25cm by using a rotary cultivator, and turning back and forth twice to ensure that the hardened soil on the surface layer of the mine and the compost sludge are uniformly turned and mixed as much as possible;
(7) and (3) scattering grass seeds into the ploughed soil matrix, and planting trees and shrubs, wherein the shrubs are pioneer plants with high enrichment capacity, and the trees are fast-growing woody plants.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (3)
1. A method for reconstructing a soil system for reclaiming abandoned mines into forest lands comprises the following steps:
(1) turning over the hardened soil on the surface layer of the mine by using a rotary cultivator, wherein the depth of the turned soil is 5-20 cm, and collecting the hardened soil;
(2) covering stabilized sludge with the thickness of 20-25 cm on the mine after the hardened soil is cleaned;
(3) covering with loam with the thickness of 20-25 cm on the basis of covering with the stabilized sludge;
(4) covering the hardened soil with the thickness of 10-15 cm collected in the step (1) on the basis of covering loam;
(5) covering stabilized sludge with the thickness of 10-15 cm on the basis of covering hardened soil;
(6) turning the built layered soil to a depth of 20-25 cm by using a rotary cultivator;
(7) scattering grass seeds into the ploughed soil matrix, and planting trees and shrubs;
removing large-particle-size gravels from the hardened soil ploughed in the step (1) by using a sieve of 2mm and then collecting the hardened soil;
the stabilized sludge is aerobic compost sludge, the compost raw materials comprise municipal sludge with the water content of 80%, straws and biochar, the mass ratio of the materials is 100:20:9, and the fermentation period is 35-45 days.
2. The method for reconstructing a soil system for reclaiming abandoned mines into forest lands according to claim 1, wherein the plowing in the step (6) is performed twice back and forth, so that the hardened soil on the surface layer of the mine and the compost sludge are uniformly mixed as much as possible.
3. The method for reconstructing a soil system for reclamation of abandoned mines from forest lands as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (7), the shrubs are pioneer plants with enrichment capacity, and the trees are fast-growing woody plants.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810967864.9A CN109089453B (en) | 2018-08-23 | 2018-08-23 | Soil system reconstruction method for reclaiming abandoned mine into forest land |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810967864.9A CN109089453B (en) | 2018-08-23 | 2018-08-23 | Soil system reconstruction method for reclaiming abandoned mine into forest land |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109089453A CN109089453A (en) | 2018-12-28 |
| CN109089453B true CN109089453B (en) | 2021-11-30 |
Family
ID=64851003
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810967864.9A Active CN109089453B (en) | 2018-08-23 | 2018-08-23 | Soil system reconstruction method for reclaiming abandoned mine into forest land |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109089453B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110192453B (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2024-04-26 | 大连地拓环境科技有限公司 | Method for cultivating plants in mine abandoned land |
| CN110337855A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-10-18 | 中铁三局集团有限公司 | Sandy soil modification method |
| CN110527516A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-12-03 | 神华北电胜利能源有限公司 | A kind of reconstruct soil and a kind of soil improvement method suitable for Inner Mongolian grassland mining area |
| CN111185469A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-22 | 厦门海石生态环境股份有限公司 | Abandoned mine restoration method based on biological habitat restoration |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101371639B (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2011-09-28 | 湖北大学 | Surface layer soil for reclamation of mining |
| CN102399113A (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2012-04-04 | 王夕刚 | Artificial soil and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103214315B (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2014-08-20 | 北京林业大学 | Greening matrix containing quarry mucks, animal manures, straws and charcoal powder and preparation method thereof |
| PL227865B1 (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2018-01-31 | Politechnika Lubelska | Method for producing the soil substitute serving rehabilitation of excavations using used drilling fluids |
| CN104641755B (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2016-10-05 | 涞水丰源环保科技有限公司 | The land remediation method of discarded Exploit sand and stone field |
| CN105123006A (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2015-12-09 | 轻工业环境保护研究所 | Urban sludge marginal land renovation method and soil configuration |
| CN107347402A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-11-17 | 厦门紫金矿冶技术有限公司 | A kind of ecological restoring method of highly acid Disused tailing land |
| CN107593018A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-01-19 | 大连地拓环境科技有限公司 | A kind of method and conditioned soil by Abandoned Land of Mine reparation into nursery land used |
| CN108243650A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-07-06 | 同济大学 | It is a kind of that the multiple green method of abandoned mine is strengthened using stabilisation sludge |
| CN108343469A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2018-07-31 | 中山大学 | Stablize the method for polymetallic ore mountain refuse dump heavy metal using charcoal-barnyard manure composite modifying agent and plant separation layer |
-
2018
- 2018-08-23 CN CN201810967864.9A patent/CN109089453B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109089453A (en) | 2018-12-28 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109089453B (en) | Soil system reconstruction method for reclaiming abandoned mine into forest land | |
| CN104718934B (en) | Mine tailing reparation is aided in rye grass and in the method for repairing plantation rye grass on the ground | |
| CN107509406B (en) | Method for rapidly improving soil carbon sequestration capacity of industrial and mining wasteland | |
| CN103947326A (en) | Method for ionic rare earth mine tailing land improvement and vegetation reclamation | |
| CN104429214A (en) | Method for primarily transforming saline and alkaline land by adopting engineering-chemical-desalination water saving technology | |
| CN104289506A (en) | Biological remediation method for soil polluted by cadmium, zinc, lead and copper ions | |
| CN101670362A (en) | Application of grain amaranth in repairing mine soil and sludge polluted by heavy metal cadmium | |
| CN104289509A (en) | Biological heavy metal contaminated soil remediation method | |
| CN112453036A (en) | System and method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil by utilizing earthworm-plant coupling | |
| KR101133542B1 (en) | Cultivation method for salt-affected soil | |
| Sharma et al. | Enhanced growth and productivity following inoculation with indigenous AM fungi in four varieties of onion (Allium cepa L.) in an alfisol | |
| JP2000139113A (en) | Afforestation of deserted land | |
| CN112662565A (en) | Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum, preparation method thereof and application thereof in ecological restoration of ionic rare earth tailings land | |
| CN111248028A (en) | Soil restructuring substance and preparation method and application thereof | |
| JP2006020553A (en) | Greening material and greening construction method using the same | |
| CN110121968B (en) | Ecological restoration method for quarry in mining area | |
| CN112792112B (en) | Method for nondestructive in-situ remediation and safe production of moderate and light cadmium polluted farmland soil | |
| CN112262698A (en) | All-covering soil layer structure constructed by greening plant wastes and used for healthy growth of tree root systems | |
| CN111253948A (en) | Method for promoting salt leaching of saline-alkali soil | |
| Gaffar et al. | Effect of farmyard manure and sand on the performance of sorghum and sodicity of soils | |
| CN110465545B (en) | Method for restoring farmland soil with medium-low concentration cadmium and arsenic combined pollution by utilizing intercropping of pumpkins and grain amaranth | |
| Noyd et al. | Native plant productivity and litter decomposition in reclamation of taconite iron ore tailing | |
| KR101931579B1 (en) | Method for Soil Improvement of Mine Soil Mixed with Fine-Powdered Building Waste Using Pisolithus Tinctorius, Mycorrhizal Fungus | |
| CN110238174A (en) | A kind of cadmium pollution rice field comprehensive processing method | |
| CN109601223A (en) | A method of facilitate the camellia oleifera lam of management to interplant Morinda officinalis |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |