CN104621058B - The method that natural enemy insect host's ovum is produced using tussah chrysalis - Google Patents
The method that natural enemy insect host's ovum is produced using tussah chrysalis Download PDFInfo
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- CN104621058B CN104621058B CN201410791160.2A CN201410791160A CN104621058B CN 104621058 B CN104621058 B CN 104621058B CN 201410791160 A CN201410791160 A CN 201410791160A CN 104621058 B CN104621058 B CN 104621058B
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- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000382353 Pupa Species 0.000 claims description 79
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005058 diapause Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 241000255789 Bombyx mori Species 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000032669 eclosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000255974 Antheraea Species 0.000 description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000004392 genitalia Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000003625 skull Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000255978 Antheraea pernyi Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000256844 Apis mellifera Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000000059 Dyspnea Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010013975 Dyspnoeas Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000628997 Flos Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000186214 Trichogramma dendrolimi Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000026935 allergic disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000007815 allergy Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000256618 Trichogramma Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- WCXDHFDTOYPNIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetamiprid Chemical compound N#CN=C(C)N(C)CC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 WCXDHFDTOYPNIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000266 injurious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/04—Silkworms
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of method that utilization tussah chrysalis produces natural enemy insect host's ovum, this method breaches the technological difficulties of tussah chrysalis moth appearance, the problem of eclosion rate is reduced is solved by suitable temperature and humidity conditions, devise development frame, develop disk and net of spreading the wings, tussah moth is solved to spread the wings problem, this method can tackle the material price rise problem caused by tussah cocoon shortage, artificial input and reduction labor intensity can also be greatly decreased, so as to reduce production cost, improve production efficiency, to utilizing egg of oak silkworm breeding oophagous trichogrammae, the natural enemy insects such as anstatus are significant.
Description
Technical field：
The present invention discloses a kind of method that utilization tussah chrysalis produces natural enemy insect host's ovum, and more particularly to one kind is with tussah
The method of parasitic enemy insect host's ovum such as pupa substitution tussah cocoon production trichogramma, anstatus, belongs to agricultural technology field
Biological control of insect pests technology.
Background technology：
From after Lin Lianxin, Feng Jianguo are succeeded using egg of oak silkworm breeding trichogramma dendrolimi first, egg of oak silkworm is just quickly
Widely applied in biological control, the important raw and processed materials as breeding trichogramma dendrolimi.Egg of oak silkworm grain is big, numerous honeybee efficiency
Height, aboundresources prevents and treats agriculture and forestry injurious insect effect notable using natural enemy insects such as egg of oak silkworm breeding oophagous trichogrammae, anstatus.
Egg of oak silkworm production is raw material from biological cocoon, and cocoon is worn into bunchiness one by one（250-280/string）, it is suspended to side by side warm
In cocoon room, 3000 jin of cocoons or so can be accommodated per 100m3.After heating, the tussah moth that plumage becomes decomposes molten cocoon enzyme bating cocoon shell,
And sprout wings from cocoon shell and come out, moth, which gathers to grab, to climb on cocoon string, needs cleaning to be selected for 2-3 times in production at night daily
The male cocoon gone out（Account for 10% or so）Sprout wings the male moth, prevents male and female mating from, from spawning, causing ovum amount to be lost in.Will in m seq
The female moth of Chinese oak silkworm of all emergence is manually removed one by one on cocoon string, and tussah moth scale is flown upward in atmosphere during moth is picked up, usually
Cause the phenomenons such as expiratory dyspnea and allergy；The excreta of moth is throughout everywhere, penetrating odor（Mainly ammonia taste）Assail the nostrils,
Therefore the production link labor intensity is very big, and condition is very arduous, shortage of staff's phenomenon often occurs, causes to be stranded greatly very much to production
It is difficult.Also have some tussah cocoons do not sprouted wings simultaneously and come off from cocoon string, need to again alter and go here and there out moth, cause artificial waste.In addition,
Naturally the female cocoon rate of tussah cocoon of harvesting is between 30%-40%, it is difficult to which the need for meeting production cocoon, this is accomplished by large quantities of technical stafves
People is manually chosen by outward appearance subtle difference, reaches biological cocoon standard.Due to being surrounded and workman's skill of selecting silkworm by cocoon shell
The limitation of art level, female cocoon rate is not often up to standard, and can not thoroughly reject dead and wounded pupa, sick pupa, bad pupa, goes out male and female after moth and mixes,
Cause egg of oak silkworm to be largely lost in after mating, greatly reduce the quality and efficiency of numerous honeybee.And the tussah cocoon utilization rate of harvesting is only capable of
3000 jin or so biological cocoons can be selected by reaching in jin cocoon of 30% or so, i.e., 10000, price is also significantly larger than market average price,
Virtually add production cost.
There are certain technological difficulties currently with tussah chrysalis production natural enemy insect host's ovum, be to utilize tussah chrysalis hair first
Moth meeting eclosion rate reduction, next to that tussah moth can not usually spread the wings after sprouting wings, causes the reduction of ovum amount.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method that utilization tussah chrysalis produces natural enemy insect host's ovum, by controlling temperature
Damp condition, design develops disk, develops frame and net of spreading the wings, and the technological difficulties of tussah chrysalis moth appearance is solved, with tussah cocoon moth appearance phase
Than the female pupa rate of tussah chrysalis can reach 100%, also be easy to reject disease pupa, dead and wounded pupa.Former material can be reduced by this method
Expect cost, it is to avoid male and female mating causes to be lost in from spawning, simplifies operating method, improves working environment, saves labor.
The method that a kind of utilization tussah chrysalis of the present invention produces natural enemy insect host's ovum, its technical scheme includes following
Step：
1）Manually cuing open cocoon selects pupa
Autumn is harvested and the tussah cocoon after termination of diapause, manually one by one splitted cocoon shell with cuing open cocoon knife, take the inside tussah
Pupa, male and female are distinguished by outward appearance：At female pupa outward appearance feeler at thread, male pupa outward appearance feeler during pinniform, healthy female pupa is concentrated and received
Collection gets up standby；
2）Heating development
The healthy female pupa that will be singled out is distributed into development disk, and often disk contains 10 ~ 15 jin of pupa, will contain healthy female pupa
Plate is put into multilayer grillage；22-25 d are developed under conditions of 18-22 DEG C, RH75-85%, pupa skin starts gradually to rupture,
Sprout wings and moth；Every batch of pupa is different according to felt accumulated temperature, and pupa skin is ruptured to the pupa of the moth that sprouts wings soon in batches daily by batch picking out
Come, be concentrated into emergence and receive moth room；
3）Concentrate to sprout wings and receive moth
The pupa for developing the fast emergence that room is moved into is inserted in emergence disk one by one, emergence disk is successively put into multilayer grillage
On, occupy both sides after shelf and lived multilayer grillage mask with net of spreading the wings, starting to sprout wings in 1-2 d moth, the tussah moth of emergence
Can climb to spread the wings and spread the wings on the net, daily early morning will spread the wings after tussah moth centralized collection it is standby.
The positive effect of the present invention is：Substitute existing tussah cocoon moth appearance to obtain biology using tussah chrysalis there is provided one kind
The new method of preventing and treating host's ovum, this method breaches the technological difficulties of tussah chrysalis moth appearance, passes through suitable temperature and humidity conditions solution
The problem of eclosion rate of having determined is reduced, devises development frame, develops disk and net of spreading the wings, solve tussah moth and spread the wings problem, this method
The material price rise problem caused by tussah cocoon shortage can be tackled, artificial input can also be greatly decreased and reduction work is strong
Degree, so as to reduce production cost, improves production efficiency, to having using natural enemy insects such as egg of oak silkworm breeding oophagous trichogrammae, anstatus
It is significant.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1：
Survived the winter using Antheraea cocoon and the cocoon acquisition female pupa moth appearance of tussah is cutd open after storing
1. raw material cocoon is gathered
5-15 days in October, 2012 reclaims 20,000 kilograms of Antheraea cocoon, rejects bad cocoon and was put in storage after November 25（Ku Wen -3
~3℃）Keeping.
2. outbound cuts open cocoon and selects pupa
25-29 days in April, 2013, autumn is harvested and the Antheraea cocoon outbound after termination of diapause, it is artificial with cuing open cocoon knife
Cocoon shell is splitted one by one, the inside tussah chrysalis is taken, male and female is distinguished by outward appearance（Female pupa feeler is flat, genitals length mouthful shape, and male pupa is touched
Angle protuberance, genitals round point shape）.Each cut open puts 2 small plastic crates in face of cocoon work, male and female pupa is contained respectively, rejects the casualties sick and weak
Pupa, obtains healthy 15140 kilograms of female pupa, male 2210 kilograms of pupa, 2150 kilograms of cocoon shell altogether.Male pupa is wholesale to give food market retailer edible pin
Sell, cocoon shell is sold to silk floss factory, female pupa is collected into the sabot of development room.
3. heating development
1-5 days in May, 2013, the healthy female pupa packing plastic pallet that will be singled out, tray bottom spreads one layer of wrapping paper, often
Disk fills 5 kilograms of pupa, and each shelf puts 90 disk, 450 kilograms of pupas, shares 20 shelfs, takes development room 120m3.Started May 6 to add
Warm moth appearance, keeps 18-22 DEG C of room of development, RH75-85% daily, to day by day seedling moth in May 26.Pupal cell is extended into tire in batches daily
Soft, calvarium puce pupa is picked out, and is concentrated into emergence and is received moth room, all terminated to June 8.
Moth is received 4. concentrating and sprouting wings
The pupa for developing the fast emergence that room is collected is inserted in emergence disk one by one, emergence disk is successively then put into moth appearance frame
On, occupy both sides after shelf and lived shelf mask with net of spreading the wings, starting to sprout wings in 1-2 d moth, and the tussah moth after emergence is voluntarily
Climb to spread the wings and spread the wings on the net, daily early morning will spread the wings after tussah moth centralized collection check the weight after to enter Cold storage in the refrigerator standby.
5. implementation result
This obtains tussah chrysalis moth appearance technology by source of Antheraea cocoon, and 20,000 kilograms of cocoons select female 15140 kilograms of pupa,
Collect female moth and obtain female 8012 kilograms of moth, 2754 kilograms of ovum of cutting open the belly altogether.
Embodiment 2：
Survived the winter using common big cocoon and cut open the cocoon acquisition female pupa moth appearance of tussah after storing
1. raw material cocoon is gathered
Purchase common big cocoon from silkworm people's hand on October 12nd, 2012（Commodity cocoon）5000 kilograms, bad cocoon is rejected after November
Be put in storage within 25th（Ku Wen -3 ~ 3 DEG C）Keeping.
2. outbound cuts open cocoon and selects pupa
On April 30th, 2013, autumn is harvested and the common big cocoon outbound after termination of diapause, it is artificial with cuing open cocoon knife general one by one
Cocoon shell is splitted, and takes the inside tussah chrysalis, male and female are distinguished by outward appearance（Female pupa feeler is flat, genitals length mouthful shape, and male pupa feeler is grand
Rise, genitals round point shape）.Each cut open puts 2 small plastic crates in face of cocoon work, male and female pupa is contained respectively, rejects dead and wounded sick and weak pupa, altogether
Obtain healthy 1921 kilograms of female pupa, male 2401 kilograms of pupa, 508 kilograms of cocoon shell.Male pupa is wholesale to the edible sale of food market retailer, cocoon shell
Silk floss factory is sold to, female pupa is collected into the sabot of development room.
3. heating development
1-5 days in May, 2013, the healthy female pupa packing plastic pallet that will be singled out, tray bottom spreads one layer of wrapping paper, often
Disk fills 7 kilograms of pupa, and each shelf puts 90 disk, 560 kilograms of pupas, shares 4 shelfs, takes development room 24m3.Started heating on May 6
Moth appearance, keeps 18-22 DEG C of room of development, RH75-85% daily, to day by day seedling moth in May 24.Daily in batches by pupal cell extend tire it is soft,
The pupa of calvarium puce is picked out, and is concentrated into emergence and is received moth room, all terminated to June 9.
Moth is received 4. concentrating and sprouting wings
The pupa for developing the fast emergence that room is collected is inserted in emergence disk one by one, emergence disk is successively then put into moth appearance frame
On, occupy both sides after shelf and lived shelf mask with net of spreading the wings, starting to sprout wings in 1-2 d moth, and the tussah moth after emergence is voluntarily
Climb to spread the wings and spread the wings on the net, daily early morning will spread the wings after tussah moth centralized collection check the weight after to enter Cold storage in the refrigerator standby.
5. implementation result
This obtains tussah chrysalis moth appearance technology, 5000 kilograms of common big cocoons with common big cocoon（Commodity cocoon）Cut healthy female pupa
1921 kilograms, collect female 978 kilograms of moth, 336 kilograms of ovum of cutting open the belly.
Embodiment 3：
Utilize the female pupa moth appearance of trade company in the market tussah
1. raw material pupa is gathered
On May 4th, 2013 from supply food market cut cocoon retailer's hand in wholesale female 4600 kilograms of the pupa of edible tussah be used for it is naked
Pupa moth appearance squeezes ovum experiment.
2. select pupa to sterilize
On May 5th, 2013, the female pupa of the edible tussah harvested from retailer's hand is rejected into dead and wounded pupa, disappeared with 2% bleaching powder water
Malicious 10min, pulls that to drain water standby out.
3. heating development
On May 6th, 2013, the female pupa of healthy edible tussah after sterilization is dispensed into plastic pallet, tray bottom spreads one layer of bag
Paper is filled, often 7.5 kilograms of pupa of disk dress, each shelf puts 100 disk, 750 kilograms of pupas, shares 10 shelfs, takes development room 70m3.When
It starts to heat moth appearance, and 18-22 DEG C of room of development, RH75-85% are kept daily, to day by day seedling moth in May 23.Daily in batches by pupa
Body elongation tire is soft, calvarium puce pupa is picked out, and is concentrated into emergence and receives moth room, all terminated to June 10.
Moth is received 4. concentrating and sprouting wings
The pupa for developing the fast emergence that room is collected is inserted in emergence disk one by one, emergence disk is successively then put into moth appearance frame
On, occupy both sides after shelf and lived shelf mask with net of spreading the wings, starting to sprout wings in 1-2 d moth, and the tussah moth after emergence is voluntarily
Climb to spread the wings and spread the wings on the net, daily early morning will spread the wings after tussah moth centralized collection check the weight after to enter Cold storage in the refrigerator standby.
5. implementation result
This implements exarate pupa moth appearance technology using Antheraea cocoon, and 4600 kilograms of edible female pupas of tussah are collected female moth and obtained altogether
Female 1978 kilograms of moth, 668 kilograms of ovum of cutting open the belly.
Comparative example 4：
Utilize biological tussah cocoon moth appearance
5-15 days in October, 2012 reclaims 20,000 kilograms of Antheraea cocoon, rejects bad cocoon and was put in storage after November 25（Ku Wen -3
~3℃）Keeping.
2. outbound string cocoon
25-29 days in April, 2013, autumn is harvested and the Antheraea cocoon outbound after termination of diapause, manually worn into cocoon
String（250-280/string）.
3. heating development
1-5 days in May, 2013, the tussah cocoon for wearing bunchiness is suspended in warming cocoons room side by side, 3000 jin can be accommodated per 100m3
Cocoon or so, 20,000 kilograms of cocoons need to take the development m3 of room 1300.Started May 6 to heat moth appearance, 18-22 DEG C of room of holding development daily,
RH75-85%, to day by day moth in May 26.Need 2-3 male moth of cleaning in production at night daily, prevent mating self-produced, cause ovum amount
It is lost in.The female moth of Chinese oak silkworm of all emergence on cocoon string is manually removed one by one in m seq, the tussah moth scale during moth is picked up
Fly upward in atmosphere, often result in the phenomenons such as expiratory dyspnea and allergy；Tussah cocoon that some do not sprout wings is also had simultaneously from cocoon string
On come off, need to again alter and go here and there out moth；The excreta of moth is throughout everywhere, and penetrating odor assails the nostrils.
6. implementation result
This applies Antheraea cocoon moth appearance technology, and 20,000 kilograms of cocoons collect female moth and obtain female 8102.8 kilograms of moth, ovum of cutting open the belly altogether
2785.3 kilogram.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method that utilization tussah chrysalis produces natural enemy insect host's ovum, comprises the following steps：
1）Manually cuing open cocoon selects pupa
Autumn is harvested and the tussah cocoon after termination of diapause, manually one by one splitted cocoon shell with cuing open cocoon knife, taken the inside tussah chrysalis, lead to
Cross outward appearance and distinguish male and female：At female pupa outward appearance feeler at thread, male pupa outward appearance feeler during pinniform, healthy female pupa centralized collection is got up
It is standby；
2）Heating development
The healthy female pupa that will be singled out is distributed into the pallet of development room, and often disk contains 10 ~ 15 jin of pupa, will contain healthy female pupa
Pallet be put into multilayer grillage；At 18-22 DEG C, humidity develops 22-25 d under conditions of 75% to 85%, pupa skin start by
Gradually rupture, sprout wings and moth；Every batch of pupa is different according to felt accumulated temperature, pupa skin is ruptured in batches daily the pupa of the moth that sprouts wings soon by batch
Pick out, be concentrated into emergence and receive moth room；
3）Concentrate to sprout wings and receive moth
The pupa for developing the fast emergence that room is moved into is inserted one by one in the emergence disk for receiving moth room of sprouting wings, emergence disk successively put many
On layer grillage, occupy both sides after shelf and lived multilayer grillage mask with net of spreading the wings, starting to sprout wings in 1-2 d moth, sprout wings
Tussah moth can climb to spread the wings and spread the wings on the net, daily early morning will spread the wings after tussah moth centralized collection it is standby.
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| CN1102048A (en) * | 1993-10-26 | 1995-05-03 | 朱兴友 | Artificial breeding method for tussah silkworm chrysalis |
| UA33813U (en) * | 2008-03-17 | 2008-07-10 | Национальный Аграрный Университет | Method to feed oaken silkworm |
| JP2011078361A (en) * | 2009-10-08 | 2011-04-21 | Nihon Univ | Silkworm-rearing container |
| CN102067780B (en) * | 2010-10-28 | 2012-09-05 | 马丽华 | Construction method of tussah fixed culture field |
| CN102077811A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2011-06-01 | 吴洪新 | Method for adjusting humiture of spring tussahs in spawning period |
| KR101275688B1 (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2013-06-17 | 영농조합법인꿈틀 | Using led lights attract silkworm collection device |
| CN102715135B (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2014-10-29 | 贵州省蚕业研究所 | Breeding method and device for young tussah |
| CN103988814B (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2016-01-20 | 辽宁省农业科学院大连生物技术研究所 | The breeding method of the active pupa of a kind of tussah and active pupa thereof |
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Granted publication date: 20170728 Termination date: 20171219 |