CN104558492A - 一种低气味高阻燃的车用聚氨酯内饰泡沫及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种低气味高阻燃的车用聚氨酯内饰泡沫及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104558492A
CN104558492A CN201410855589.3A CN201410855589A CN104558492A CN 104558492 A CN104558492 A CN 104558492A CN 201410855589 A CN201410855589 A CN 201410855589A CN 104558492 A CN104558492 A CN 104558492A
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吴蔚林
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种低气味高阻燃的车用聚氨酯内饰泡沫,按照重量份数计,其配方为:PPG?100~110份,水2.5~3.5份,胺类催化剂0.2~0.40份,硅油0.5~1.0份,阻燃剂BNE-6364.5~5.0份,TDI?40~45.15份,T-90.15~0.25份,二氯甲烷3-5份。BNE636的羟值为35,聚氨酯软泡的NCO指数为105.6%。还公开了其制备方法,本发明制备的聚氨酯软泡既获得良好的阻燃性,又具有较低的气味和VOC。本发明添加一定量的物理发泡剂来降低体系内部反应温度,以提高配方的稳定性。

Description

一种低气味高阻燃的车用聚氨酯内饰泡沫及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于化学化工的领域,涉及一种高分子材料,具体涉及一种低气味高阻燃的车用聚氨酯内饰泡沫及其制备方法。
背景技术
化学化工领域中,通常通过添加阻燃剂来使聚氨酯软泡获得一定的阻燃性,但添加型阻燃剂中含有的小分子物质,如TEP,TPP等均会带来一种特殊的、令人不快的气味,同时在长期使用中,泡沫中的阻燃剂也会不断迁移散发,对使用者的健康产生危害。
在汽车内饰件对气味要求越来越严格的今天,如何生产低气味而又符合FMVSS302阻燃标准的软泡是一个难题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,提供一种低气味高阻燃的车用聚氨酯内饰泡沫及其制备方法,以克服现有扁桃酸生产方法所存在的上述缺点和不足。
本发明所需要解决的技术问题,可以通过以下技术方案来实现:
作为本发明的第一方面,一种低气味高阻燃的车用聚氨酯内饰泡沫,其特征在于,按照重量份数计,其配方为:
进一步,优选的聚氨酯软泡,按照重量份数计,其配方为:
进一步,所述BNE636的羟值为35,聚氨酯软泡的NCO指数为105.6%。
作为本发明的第二方面,一种低气味高阻燃的车用聚氨酯内饰泡沫的制备方法其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)原料的准备:按照重量份数计,按照配方将所述原料准备好;
(2)混合:将步骤(1)准备好的原料混合,以6000rpm的速度搅拌6~8s;
(3)乳白:将混合物快速倒入模具中,观察其由半透明变至全浑浊、发白的粘稠液体;
(4)凝胶:观察上升的泡沫体停止增长,并有大量气泡从表皮吐出。
其中,步骤(1)中,原料温度27℃~30℃。
其中步骤(2)中,采用机头搅拌时间6~8S。
其中步骤(3)中,乳白时间为14~15s。
其中步骤(4)中,凝胶时间为135~140s。
本发明的有益效果:
1、本发明设计一种全新体系的配方,通过添加结构型阻燃剂,突破传统方法,利用化学键能固定阻燃剂分子,长期使用不易发生阻燃剂迁移,使得生产的聚氨酯软泡既获得良好的阻燃性,又具有较低的气味和VOC。
2、传统添加阻燃剂方法会带来健康危害和令人不快的异味,对车内空气造成污染,对乘员的健康产生长久的危害。而反应型阻燃剂通常会对泡沫结构产生不利的影响,一方面羟值过高会消耗较多的异氰酸酯增加成本,另一方面阻燃剂内部的交联结构容易导致泡沫体收缩。
3、添加反应型阻燃剂后,阻燃剂中的羟基、胺基等反应基团会和异氰酸酯的NCO基团发生反应,形成聚氨基甲酸酯类聚合物,同时放出大量热量,极易导致体系温度过高,造成黄芯甚至自燃。因此在配方设计时,除了选择低羟值、高分子量的阻燃剂外,还需根据阻燃剂的羟值,计算出同等指数下所需的异氰酸酯用量,同时添加一定量的物理发泡剂来降低体系内部反应温度,以提高配方的稳定性。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例,对本发明作进一步说明。应理解,以下实施例仅用于说明本发明而非用于限定本发明的范围。
实施例
一种低气味高阻燃的车用聚氨酯内饰泡沫,其特征在于,按照重量份数计,其配方为:
进一步,优选的聚氨酯软泡,按照重量份数计,其配方为:
25kg/m3配方如表1:
表1 配方
BNE636的羟值为35,添加后适当提高TDI用量,同时添加二氯甲烷物理发泡剂,NCO指数为105.6%。
一种低气味高阻燃的车用聚氨酯内饰泡沫的制备方法其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)原料的准备:按照重量份数计,按照配方将所述原料准备好;
(2)混合:将步骤(1)准备好的原料混合,以6000rpm的速度搅拌6~8s;
(3)乳白:将混合物快速倒入模具中,观察其由半透明变至全浑浊、发白的粘稠液体;
(4)凝胶:观察上升的泡沫体停止增长,并有大量气泡从表皮吐出。
其中,步骤(1)中,原料温度27℃~30℃。
其中步骤(2)中,采用机头搅拌时间6~8S。
其中步骤(3)中,乳白时间为14~15s。
其中步骤(4)中,凝胶时间为135~140s。
经一步成型反应得到的泡沫物性如表2:
表2 物理性质
原25密度性能测试 结构阻燃型海绵性能测试
密度 22.6 23.3
表面硬度 38 39
压陷硬度25% 74 74
拉伸强度KPa 80 84
断裂伸长率% 101 102
阻燃性(mm/min) 84 55
透气率 1680 1590
气味测试 4.0+ 3.5
由表2的测试结果可看出,通过添加结构型阻燃剂,对物性产生微小的影响,但极大降低了气味测试结果,从4.0+级别降低为3.5级别,可达到大众、上汽等主机厂对气味的要求标准。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。

Claims (8)

1.一种低气味高阻燃的车用聚氨酯内饰泡沫,其特征在于,按照重量份数计,其配方为:
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯内饰泡沫,其特征在于,按照重量份数计,其配方为:
3.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯内饰泡沫,其特征在于,所述BNE636的羟值为35,聚氨酯软泡的NCO指数为105.6%。
4.一种如权利要求1所述的低气味高阻燃的车用聚氨酯内饰泡沫的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)原料的准备:按照重量份数计,按照配方将所述原料准备好;
(2)混合:将步骤(1)准备好的原料混合,以6000rpm的速度搅拌6~8s;
(3)乳白:将混合物快速倒入模具中,观察其由半透明变至全浑浊、发白的粘稠液体;
(4)凝胶:观察上升的泡沫体停止增长,并有大量气泡从表皮吐出。
5.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,,步骤(1)中,原料温度27℃~30℃。
6.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,采用机头搅拌时间6~8S。
7.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,乳白时间为14~15s。
8.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中,凝胶时间为135~140s。
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106543405A (zh) * 2016-10-31 2017-03-29 江苏昊晟塑业科技有限公司 阻燃型汽车内饰发泡材料
CN108017769A (zh) * 2017-10-26 2018-05-11 浙江川洋新材料股份有限公司 一种阻燃型聚氨酯软泡及其制备方法
CN108610463A (zh) * 2018-05-06 2018-10-02 张家港长泰汽车饰件材料有限公司 低voc耐水解性聚氨酯泡沫及其制备方法
CN109851845A (zh) * 2019-01-19 2019-06-07 恩龙实业(嘉兴)有限公司 一种泡棉及其制备方法
CN110431165A (zh) * 2017-03-28 2019-11-08 科思创德国股份有限公司 半透明聚氨酯泡沫材料

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CN101250320A (zh) * 2008-04-06 2008-08-27 陈春潮 一种阻燃绵
CN102167791A (zh) * 2011-02-25 2011-08-31 北京万博汇佳科贸有限公司 一种用于软质聚氨酯泡沫的反应型阻燃剂及应用
CN103865025A (zh) * 2014-03-14 2014-06-18 厦门大学 一种本质阻燃硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料

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CN101250320A (zh) * 2008-04-06 2008-08-27 陈春潮 一种阻燃绵
CN102167791A (zh) * 2011-02-25 2011-08-31 北京万博汇佳科贸有限公司 一种用于软质聚氨酯泡沫的反应型阻燃剂及应用
CN103865025A (zh) * 2014-03-14 2014-06-18 厦门大学 一种本质阻燃硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106543405A (zh) * 2016-10-31 2017-03-29 江苏昊晟塑业科技有限公司 阻燃型汽车内饰发泡材料
CN110431165A (zh) * 2017-03-28 2019-11-08 科思创德国股份有限公司 半透明聚氨酯泡沫材料
CN108017769A (zh) * 2017-10-26 2018-05-11 浙江川洋新材料股份有限公司 一种阻燃型聚氨酯软泡及其制备方法
CN108610463A (zh) * 2018-05-06 2018-10-02 张家港长泰汽车饰件材料有限公司 低voc耐水解性聚氨酯泡沫及其制备方法
CN108610463B (zh) * 2018-05-06 2020-11-03 张家港长泰汽车饰件材料有限公司 低voc耐水解性聚氨酯泡沫及其制备方法
CN109851845A (zh) * 2019-01-19 2019-06-07 恩龙实业(嘉兴)有限公司 一种泡棉及其制备方法

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