CN104557188A - Technology for preparing special fertilizer for cultivating dendrobium officinale - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a technology for preparing a special fertilizer for cultivating dendrobium officinale. The special fertilizer, which can promote rooting, strengthen roots, early germinate and improve the quality and is suitable for dendrobium officinale growth demands, is mainly prepared from mineral element nutrients required in the artificial cultivation production of dendrobium officinale. The special fertilizer is prepared by carrying out powder milling and high-temperature burning on 12 mineral elements and fully mixing according to scientific blending ratio and is rich in nutrients and has comprehensive fertilizer elements; after the special fertilizer is applied, the dendrobium officinale is greatly rooted, the roots of dendrobium officinale are strengthened, the root systems are developed, the vitality and absorptive capacity of the roots are enhanced, the transplant survival rate reaches up to 98%, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is high and various nutrient deficiency symptoms and infectious diseases are effectively prevented and alleviated. After dendrobium officinale is cultivated for 20 months, the branches of dendrobium officinale can grow to 100-120cm, the diameter of the stem is 8-10 mm, the yield per mu is more than 2000kg, the polysaccharide component reaches up to 43%, the quality of the product is significantly increased, the output value per mu is 0.6 million yuan, and significant economic benefits are achieved.

Description

A kind of officinal dendrobium stem plantation special fertilizer compounding process

Art

The present invention relates to Herba Dendrobii and produce the special fertilizer utilisation technology in cultivating, belong to compounding process method and the utilization of special fertilizer, be specifically related to a kind of officinal dendrobium stem plantation special fertilizer compounding process.

Technical background

Herba Dendrobii, formal name used at school: Dendrobium officinale, belongs to the orchid family, Dendrobium, Herba Dendrobii kind, per nnial herb.Primaryly reach in the original dark woods of about 1300 meters in height above sea level or on rock that mountain region half is dark and damp, the environment of happiness warm and moist weather and half cloudy half light.

Herba Dendrobii be medicine food with famous and preciously to plant, its pharmaceutical use and economic worth high, international medicinal plant circle is called " medicine circle giant panda "; Be called " the celestial grass of help " by among the people.Taoist school's classics " Taoist Scriptures " between the year of Katyuan Tang Dynasty are recorded: " Herba Dendrobii, Herba Saussureae Involueratae, three liang of ginsengs, the hundred Two decades years tubers of multiflower knotweed, Fu clump (the Poria cocos of cycle of sixty years, desert cistanche), remote mountains glossy ganoderma, seabed pearl, Cordyceps sinensis " be " Chinese nine immortal grass ", first of Herba Dendrobii is described as " nine immortal grass ", it is traditional rare Chinese medicine of successive dynasties imperial family noble high praise simply, its effectiveness has been proved to be scientific and effective, increasing people starts to pay close attention to, edible, it is a kind of expensive Category of gold of fully natural green, the market requirement is increased sharply day by day, supply falls short of demand increasingly for product.

Because dendrobium officinale natural propagation rate is extremely low; it is often born on crag or tree; can not be grown in common soil; grow slowly under state of nature; output is very low; in addition immoderately for a long time to excavate, to such an extent as to the Herba Dendrobii with history in several thousand faces extinction frequently, has seriously threatened the protection of China's dendrobium officinale germ plasm resource.Early eighties, what Herba Dendrobii was just classified as focused protection by country treasures Endangered Medicinal Herb, forbids individual to excavate.In order to save Herba Dendrobii resources of medicinal plant in imminent danger, Herba Dendrobii is allowed can better to play pharmaceutical use effect, serve the people masses, alleviate the imbalance between supply and demand be becoming tight day, carry out the cultivation of imitative dendrobium officinale tissue cultured seedling, increase Herba Dendrobii output, meeting the demand be becoming tight market day is an effective unique channel, is also an only way.

Prior art

Current China development tame area of candidum tissue culturing seedling, in also not producing for Growth of Dendrobium candidum environment and artificial culture needed for it the special fertilizer that mineral element nutrient has made the taking root of suitable Growth of Dendrobium candidum demand, strong root, germination, quality improve.Great majority are used for main by the fertilizer formed after fermentative processing with sheep excrement, pig manure, cow dung, chicken manure etc., use these fertilizer, rotten of easy appearance, burning root, dead seedling, be difficult to after easily causing Herba Dendrobii to transplant take root, strengthen root, germinate slowly, and easily cause the multiple diseases of infectivity such as yellowtop, blight dis-ease, root rot, cause low quality, output is not high.As the patent of invention of open (bulletin) number: CN103332984A, only relate to a kind of fertilizer specially for peanut, it is made up of base manure and fertilizer filler, the weight of weighting material accounts for 10% ~ 30% of fertilizer gross weight, base manure comprises nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, in base manure, the weight ratio of N: P2O5: K2O is 12 ~ 15: 6 ~ 10: 9 ~ 15, and fertilizer filler is more than one in magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, secondary calcium phosphate, stone flour, wilkinite, diatomite, sawdust; The patent of invention of open (bulletin) number: CN103319281A, disclosed is also a kind of great Jiang dedicated fertilizer and preparation method thereof, the also just special fertilizer problem in great Jiang cultivation and production of solution, and it comprises base manure, mid-term fertile and later stage fertilizer; Described base manure is the tunning of the water content 10wt% ~ 15wt% obtained of being fermented through inoculation bacterium liquid by great Jiang stalk, charcoal, chicken manure, dregs of beans, Traditional Chinese drug mixture; Described mid-term, fertilizer was made up of the raw material of following weight per-cent: urea 30%, calcium superphosphate 10%, potassium sulfate 40%, saltpetre 20%; Described later stage fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following weight per-cent: urea 50%, calcium superphosphate 20%, potassium sulfate 30%; The patent of invention of open (bulletin) number: CN103242099A, also a special fertilizer for fruit trees and preparation method is only related to, described special fertilizer is grouped into by following one-tenth by weight percentage: urea 38 ~ 40%, diammonium phosphate 17 ~ 20%, potassium sulfate 27 ~ 30%, zinc sulfate 0.2 ~ 0.4%, borax 0.06 ~ 0.12%, ferrous sulfate 0.17 ~ 0.22%, magnesium oxide 3.8 ~ 5.8%, surplus is weighting agent, and described weighting agent is zeolite; This special fertilizer only meets fruit tree growth nutrient uptake feature and each mineral element to the effect of fruit tree.Therefore, how making the taking root of the suitable Growth of Dendrobium candidum demand of a profit, strong root, germinate ahead of time, special fertilizer that quality improves, is a domestic blank.

The object of invention

The fertilizer that current officinal dendrobium stem plantation uses is generally main based on the fertilizer by being formed after fermentative processing such as sheep excrement, pig manure, cow dung, chicken manure, this fertilizer acidity is higher, use rotten of rear easy appearance, burn the generation of root, seedling death phenomenon, diseases prevention ability is weak, often cause black spot, yellowtop, blight, the multiple diseases such as damping-off, blight dis-ease, root rot, fertilizer element is not comprehensive, after the transplantation of seedlings of group training Herba Dendrobii, easily cause surviving rate low, output is not high, and cause Herba Dendrobii plant polysaccharide component low, poor product quality, economic benefit are little.For this reason, we produce according to Growth of Dendrobium candidum environment and artificial culture in needed for it mineral element nutrient made the taking root of suitable Growth of Dendrobium candidum demand, strong root, germinateed ahead of time, special fertilizer that quality improves, fill up a domestic blank.Special fertilizer nutrient of the present invention is sufficient, fertilizer element is comprehensive, Herba Dendrobii root system development can be stimulated after seedling replanting, many lifes time root, fibrous root, impel Herba Dendrobii plant root flourishing, reaches to take root, strong root, germinate fast, root, bud stalwartness is formed and prevention black spot, yellowtop, blight, the generation of the contagious diseases such as damping-off, blight dis-ease, root rot, Herba Dendrobii plant polysaccharide component significantly improves, and ensure that the quality of product.

The content of invention

Main technological route of the present invention: (1) mineral substance purchase (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, copper, iron, zinc, boron, molybdenum, calcium, magnesium, sulphur, manganese) (2) clean → (3) powder stone roller → (4) high temperature cooks → (5) ratio → (6) mixing → (7) special fertilizer finished product → (8) application process.

Concrete embodiment:

(1) mineral substance is purchased: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, copper, iron, zinc, boron, molybdenum, calcium, magnesium, sulphur, manganese 12 kinds of mineral elements are purchased complete, spaced apart;

(2) clean: 12 kinds of mineral elements are washed respectively, removing earth and assorted stone;

(3) powder grind: with pulverizer 12 kinds of mineral substance are pulverized, powder stone roller, accumulate separately;

(4) high temperature cooks: the mineral substance High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus after being ground by powder carries out high temperature respectively and cooks, and when temperature reaches 1000 DEG C, mineral substance just can cook slaking, can terminate to cook process;

(5) ratio: the ratio of 12 kinds of mineral substance is nitrogen 7%, phosphorus 6%, potassium 6%, copper 9%, iron 9%, zinc 9%, boron 9%, molybdenum 9%, calcium 9%, magnesium 9%, sulphur 9%, manganese 9%;

(6) mix: high temperature is cooked 12 kinds of mineral substance after process and fully mix by ratio;

(7) special fertilizer finished product: the fertilizer that 12 kinds of mineral substance are formed after fully mixed is exactly Herba Dendrobii special fertilizer finished product;

(8) application process: after candidum tissue culturing seedling has been transplanted, by special fertilizer by the ratios with water dissolving of 1%, sprays Herba Dendrobii plant, mainly sprays the root surrounding of transplanted seedling, within later every seven days, spray once.

The action effect of invention

Use surviving rate that this special fertilizer can make Herba Dendrobii transplant up to 98%, sprouting germinates 40 days in advance, and after the cultivation of 20 months, Herba Dendrobii branch can grow into 100-120 centimetre, and the thick 8-10 millimeter of stem, individual plant percentage of germination generally improves 98%.Per mu yield brings up to 2000 kilograms, and polysaccharide component can reach 43%, and quality product significantly improves, and per mu yield value can reach 600,000 yuan, economic benefit highly significant.

The Main Function of this special fertilizer: one is stimulate Herba Dendrobii root system development, many raw time root, fibrous root, impel Herba Dendrobii plant root flourishing, strengthen improving activity of root system and receptivity, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, the gentle generation changing various nutritional deficiency disease of prevention; Two is the growths suppressing multiple germ in plant bark, effectively prevention ballad root, rotten, stiff seedling blight, the generation of the Herba Dendrobii plant skin-grafting contagious diseases such as damping-off, verticillium, blight dis-ease, root rot; Three is improvement Herba Dendrobii skin-grafting physico-chemical properties, and the skin-grafting of activation plant, avoids skin-grafting to harden, and improves plant skin-grafting perviousness and fertile degree; Four is short precocity, anti-continuous cropping, and improve the resistance of Herba Dendrobii to bad ambient conditionss such as arid, low temperature, illumination deficiencies, improve Herba Dendrobii plant quality, value-added effect is remarkable.

Claims (1)

1. the present invention is mainly concerned with a kind of officinal dendrobium stem plantation special fertilizer compounding process, and its feature comprises the steps:

(1) mineral substance is purchased: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, copper, iron, zinc, boron, molybdenum, calcium, magnesium, sulphur, manganese 12 kinds of mineral elements are purchased complete, spaced apart;

(2) clean: 12 kinds of mineral elements are washed respectively, removing earth and assorted stone;

(3) powder grind: with pulverizer 12 kinds of mineral substance are pulverized, powder stone roller, accumulate separately;

(4) high temperature cooks: the mineral substance High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus after being ground by powder carries out high temperature respectively and cooks, and when temperature reaches 1000 DEG C, mineral substance just can cook slaking, can terminate to cook process;

(5) ratio: the ratio of 12 kinds of mineral substance is nitrogen 7%, phosphorus 6%, potassium 6%, copper 9%, iron 9%, zinc 9%, boron 9%, molybdenum 9%, calcium 9%, magnesium 9%, sulphur 9%, manganese 9%;

(6) mix: high temperature is cooked 12 kinds of mineral substance after process and fully mix by ratio;

(7) special fertilizer finished product: the fertilizer that 12 kinds of mineral substance are formed after fully mixed is exactly Herba Dendrobii special fertilizer finished product;

(8) application process: after candidum tissue culturing seedling has been transplanted, by special fertilizer by the ratios with water dissolving of 1%, sprays Herba Dendrobii plant, mainly sprays the root surrounding of transplanted seedling, within later every seven days, spray once.