CN104547955A - 治疗眩晕的中药制剂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

治疗眩晕的中药制剂及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN104547955A
CN104547955A CN201510057683.9A CN201510057683A CN104547955A CN 104547955 A CN104547955 A CN 104547955A CN 201510057683 A CN201510057683 A CN 201510057683A CN 104547955 A CN104547955 A CN 104547955A
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郑琳
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Abstract

本发明涉及治疗眩晕的中药制剂及其制备方法和应用，其由下述重量配比原料制备而得，葛根35份、白术35份、鸡血藤35份、牛膝35份、荷叶30份、女贞子30份、丹参30份、仙鹤草30份、石菖蒲30份、芡实25份、茯苓25份、钩藤25份、银杏叶25份、菟丝子25份、马钱子20份、红参20份、茜草20份、乳香20份、当归18份、何首乌15份、牡丹皮15份、肉桂15份、厚朴10份、莪术10份、酸枣仁10份。发明制剂对眩晕症标兼治、对人体无毒无害、无副作用、价格低廉，制作简便，前景广阔。

Description

治疗眩晕的中药制剂及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明属于中药药物技术领域，涉及中药配方及应用技术领域，具体涉及一种治疗眩晕的中药制剂及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
眩晕，是一种主观的感觉异常，可分为两类：一为旋转性眩晕，多由前庭神经系统及小脑的功能障碍所致，以倾倒的感觉为主，感到自身晃动或景物旋转，二为一般性晕，多由某些全身性疾病引起，以头昏的感觉为主，感到头重脚轻，眩晕多见于中老年人，也可发于青年人，可反复发作，妨碍正常工作和生活，严重者可发展为中风或厥证、脱证，甚至危及生命，西医学中梅尼埃病、前庭神经元炎、良性阵发性位置性眩晕、颈椎病、椎一基底动脉供血不足等病相当于本病证，该病可以反复发作，轻者如坐舟车，发作的时间短暂，平卧闭目片刻即安；重者即觉天旋地转，不能站立，伴见恶心呕吐、出冷汗、手抖等症状，特别容易发生在体胖、体差者及老年人身上，患者感觉“飘飘荡荡”，没有明确转动感。患者对空间定向感觉主观体会的错误，患者感觉到周围物体或自身在旋转，或为上下升降、左右摇晃的感觉。患有眩晕症的病人通常会有以下症状：血压变化，出汗，面色苍白，腹泻；耳聋，耳鸣，耳闷；眼前发黑，复视，视物模糊；颈项部或肩臂疼痛，上肢麻木，活动受限；头痛，意识障碍，感觉运动障碍，语言或构音障碍等，西医一般采用对症治疗，并针对基础疾病分别予以治疗。
临床常见的多使用镇静及安定剂、扩张血管剂、抗胆碱能药物、抗组织胺药物及麻醉剂等。由于上述药物大多具有嗜睡、口干等副作用，多数患者更倾向于寻求安全有效的中药治疗。
中医对于眩晕的治疗有着极为悠久的历史，并在实践中积累了丰富的经验，祖国医学认为眩晕可由风、痰、湿、虚引起，故有“无风不作眩”、“无痰不作眩”、“无虚不作眩”的说法，眩晕多因患者平素阳盛火旺或虚阳上亢、风阳内动、痰浊中阻、中气不足、肾精亏虚等原因而发病，在治疗上以清风息火、祛痰化瘀、滋阴平肝、补肾填精为主要治疗手段。历代医籍记载颇多，如：《素问·至真要大论》认为：“诸风掉眩，皆属于肝”；《灵柩·大惑论》指出：“故邪中于项, 因逢其身之虚……入于脑则脑转, 脑转则引目系急, 目系急则目眩以转矣, ”病邪长期作用于颈椎, 加之体弱气虚, 骨骼退变, 引起颈项血瘀, 经脉失养, 导致眩晕、项强等诸症发生；《灵枢·卫气》认为：“上虚则眩”，《灵枢》中还有“上气不足”，“髓海不足”等因虚致眩。汉代张仲景认为痰饮是眩晕发病的原因之一，后来又有六淫、七情所伤致眩，下虚致眩等等。根据临床实践，眩晕与中医理论的肝脏关系密切。肝阳上亢可以直接发眩晕，或因长期忧郁恼怒，气郁化火，使肝阴暗耗，风阳升动，上扰清空，发为眩晕，或肾阴素亏，肝失所养，以致肝阴不足，肝阳上亢，发为眩晕。然而，传统中药煎服使用十分不便，已经很难为广大患者所接受，加之，现有的治疗眩晕的中药十分有限，远不能满足临床用药需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种标本兼治、副作用小、安全方便、价格低廉的治疗眩晕的中药制剂及其制备方法和应用。其目的是为了解决治疗眩晕症。
本发明参考祖国医学对眩晕症发病机理的认识以及治疗的宝贵经验，参阅已有合理组方，辨证论治，按照中国药典及药理配伍，推陈致新有所增益，辨证论治一直是中医药治疗疾病的核心理论，如何针对主要病机用药同时兼顾次要病机，兼顾共性与个性的治疗，从而最大程度体现中医治疗疾病的内涵与外延，是中成药配伍的一个现实难题。发明者针对眩晕的主要病机特点，结合大量配方根据多年的医行实践，通过对传统中药的研究，并结合辩证论证，多方收集众家之长，寻求最佳治疗方案。
为实现本发明目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
治疗眩晕的中药制剂，其由下述重量配比原料制备而得：
葛根35份、白术35份、鸡血藤35份、牛膝35份、荷叶30份、
女贞子30份、丹参30份、仙鹤草30份、石菖蒲30份、芡实25份、
茯苓25份、钩藤25份、银杏叶25份、菟丝子25份、马钱子20份、
红参20份、茜草20份、乳香20份、当归18份、何首乌15份、
牡丹皮15份、肉桂15份、厚朴10份、莪术10份、酸枣仁10份。
其制备方法为：
1）按照重量配比称取原料
2）取葛根、牛膝、丹参、仙鹤草、石菖蒲、芡实、茯苓、钩藤、马钱子、红参、何首乌、莪术加3倍重量90%乙醇浸渍24小时，回流提取两次，每次1小时，合并提取液，浓缩成密度为1.2 g/ml的清膏；
3）取剩余成分用水煎煮提取2次，第一次提取加3倍重量的水，提取时间为0.5小时；第二次提取加2倍重量的水，提取时间为0.5小时；滤过，合并滤液，浓缩至密度为1.2 g/ml的清膏；
4）将步骤2）、步骤3）制备的清膏混匀即得。
本发明的药物可采用现有制药领域中的常规方法生产，需要的时候可以添加各种药学上可接受的载体。所述的载体包括药学领域常规的赋形剂、填充剂、粘合剂、湿润剂、崩解剂、吸收促进剂、表面活性剂、吸附载体、润滑剂等。
优选地，按常规方法制成胶囊，每粒0.1g，经检验合格为成品。
用法用量，一次1粒，一日3次。
本发明中药组合物是在传统中医理论和临床经验指导下，精选药物组方，各药物组分经辩证配伍，在作用上相辅相成，具有协同作用，共奏益脾和胃、开窍豁痰、温经通脉、活血散瘀之功效，从而对眩晕症的治疗达到标本兼治的目的。
本发明组合物的组分均采用天然的中药原料，其配制简便、药源广、成本低。其遵循中医的处方用药原则，各种组分药物采用水煎和冲服服用。经临床应用验证，其疗效显著，作用可靠，药性平和，未出现毒副作用。
具体实施方式
实施例1
治疗眩晕的中药制剂，其由下述重量配比原料制备而得：
葛根35份、白术35份、鸡血藤35份、牛膝35份、荷叶30份、
女贞子30份、丹参30份、仙鹤草30份、石菖蒲30份、芡实25份、
茯苓25份、钩藤25份、银杏叶25份、菟丝子25份、马钱子20份、
红参20份、茜草20份、乳香20份、当归18份、何首乌15份、
牡丹皮15份、肉桂15份、厚朴10份、莪术10份、酸枣仁10份。
其制备方法为：
1）按照重量配比称取原料
2）取葛根、牛膝、丹参、仙鹤草、石菖蒲、芡实、茯苓、钩藤、马钱子、红参、何首乌、莪术加3倍重量90%乙醇浸渍24小时，回流提取两次，每次1小时，合并提取液，浓缩成密度为1.2 g/ml的清膏；
3）取剩余成分用水煎煮提取2次，第一次提取加3倍重量的水，提取时间为0.5小时；第二次提取加2倍重量的水，提取时间为0.5小时；滤过，合并滤液，浓缩至密度为1.2 g/ml的清膏；
4）将步骤2）、步骤3）制备的清膏混匀，用软胶囊机压制成软胶囊，每粒0.1g，经检验合格为成品。
用法用量，一次1粒，一日3次。
实施例2
一、毒性实验
本实验采用健康SD大鼠，口服给药实施例1制备的药物，连续给药30天，经观察大鼠给药期间及停药后1周之内动物生长状态、活动饮食、血液学、血液生化学、脏器组织结构以及尿常规等均无明显影响，表明临床用药安全可靠。
二、本发明制剂对大白鼠旋转性眼球震颤有明显的抑制作用，能延长前庭受刺激的耐受时间，减轻前庭自主神经功能紊乱，可起到扩张血管、改善微循环、增加血流量、减轻眩晕和耳鸣、耳聋的作用；
实施例3
临床资料
选择2012年以来诊治的突发性眩晕患者63例临床观察。患者均符合突发性眩晕诊断标准。病人随机分成治疗组和对照组两组，治疗组32例，对照组31例。治疗组和对照组两组病例的病程、症状轻重程度基本一致，无显著差异，具有可比性
治疗组给予实施例1制备的制剂，1日3次，1次1粒；
对照组给予眩晕停片剂，1日3次，1次50mg；
全部患者在治疗期间停止使用与治疗本病相关的其它药物及其它治疗方法。
疗效评定标准：
临床疗效
治愈：治疗后眩晕等症状消失。显效：治疗后眩晕等症状明显减轻，头微有昏沉，或头晕目眩轻微但不伴有自身及景物的旋转、晃动感，可正常生活和工作。有效：治疗后头昏或眩晕减轻，仅伴有轻微的自身或景物的旋转、晃动感，虽能坚持工作，但生活和工作受到影响。无效：头昏沉及眩晕等症状无改善或加重。
结果如表1所示：
表1：疗效结果
组别 例次 治愈 显效 有效 无效 总有效率
治疗组 32 20 7 4 1 96.8％
对照组 31 11 6 6 8 74.1％
由上可见，本发明实施例1组在总有效率及治愈率等方面均显著高于对照组药物。
实施例4
典型实施例
曹某，男，47岁，患者1年前无明确诱因开始以头晕、目眩为主要症状，且逐渐加重，曾诊断为颈椎病、美尼尔氏综合征，多次住院治疗，症状仍然反复出现，半月前突然出现瞬间意识，醒后感头晕，恶心，眼前发黑，持续不能缓解，且伴有胸闷，烦热，恶心呕吐，上肢麻木，查体：血压l40／90mmHg，律齐，心音低，苔黄厚腻，脉弦滑，中医诊断：眩症，给予实施例1制备的中药制剂三天后症状有所减轻，继续服药1周，头晕大减，上述症状基本消失；继续巩固治疗1周，诸症皆除，痊愈，随访未复发。
刘某，女，59岁。患者因头晕、目眩2周，加重半天求诊。自诉因与人发生争吵，郁闷不解，次日即感头昏、头痛，双目发胀，食欲下降，心烦易怒，夜寐不宁，双肋下胀痛，口干，口苦，大便干结、查体：血压l30／85mmHg，面色潮红。诊断为眩晕。给予实施例1制备的中药制剂，5日为一疗程。服药3天后眩晕减轻，5天眩晕基本消除，继服一个疗程调理后，眩晕消失，随访未复发。
本申请用于治疗眩晕的制剂成本低廉，疗效显著，具有广阔的应用前景。

Claims (3)

1.治疗眩晕的中药制剂，其特征在于，所述制剂由下述重量配比的原料制备而得：
葛根35份、白术35份、鸡血藤35份、牛膝35份、荷叶30份、
女贞子30份、丹参30份、仙鹤草30份、石菖蒲30份、芡实25份、
茯苓25份、钩藤25份、银杏叶25份、菟丝子25份、马钱子20份、
红参20份、茜草20份、乳香20份、当归18份、何首乌15份、
牡丹皮15份、肉桂15份、厚朴10份、莪术10份、酸枣仁10份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的中药制剂，其特征在于，所述中药制剂的制备方法包括如下步骤：
1）按照重量配比称取原料备用；
2）取葛根、牛膝、丹参、仙鹤草、石菖蒲、芡实、茯苓、钩藤、马钱子、红参、何首乌、莪术，混合，加3倍重量的90%乙醇浸渍24小时，回流提取两次，每次1小时，合并提取液，浓缩成密度为1.2g/ml的清膏；
3）取剩余原料，用水煎煮提取2次，第一次提取加3倍重量的水，提取时间为0.5小时；第二次提取加2倍重量的水，提取时间为0.5小时；滤过，合并滤液，浓缩至密度为1.2 g/ml的清膏；
4）将步骤2）和步骤3）制备的清膏混匀即得。
3.权利要求1－2所述制剂用于眩晕的用途。
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CN1440801A (zh) * 2003-03-31 2003-09-10 江西汇仁药业有限公司 一种治疗眩晕的中药
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CN1440801A (zh) * 2003-03-31 2003-09-10 江西汇仁药业有限公司 一种治疗眩晕的中药
CN1626159A (zh) * 2003-12-12 2005-06-15 董亮 清眩丸制作的方法
JP2012131754A (ja) * 2010-12-24 2012-07-12 Nippon Menaade Keshohin Kk 抗血栓剤

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