CN106074959A - 一种缓解黑眼圈的中药组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种缓解黑眼圈的中药组合物,内服药物包括:白芍10~20份,当归10~20份,香附10~20份,丹参10~20份,桃仁10~20份,制首乌10~20份,牛膝10~20份,红花10~20份,远志10~20份,酸枣仁10~20份,红枣10~20份,枸杞10~20份,地骨皮10~20份,墨旱莲10~20份,益母草10~20份,覆盆子10~20份,小米草10~20份,栀子10~20份。外用药物包括:小米草10~20份,白芷10~20份,白芨10~20份,积雪草10~20份,天竺葵10~20份,三七10~20份,玉竹10~20份,黄芪10~20份,紫草10~20份,垂盆草10~20份,羌活10~20份,艾叶10~20份。本发明补气活血、清肝明目。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及含有来源于植物、动物或矿物组份的美容配制品,特别涉及一种缓解黑眼圈的中药组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
黑眼圈问题看似寻常,却与人体健康息息相关。人的气血盛衰及脏腑变化常在面部有所反映,如果黑眼圈较明显,持续时间较长,可能预示着身体的其他疾病。
黑眼圈或是疾病征兆:黑眼圈是一种常见的症状,一般分两种,一种是早衰型黑眼圈,多由过早衰老所致,当人衰老后,肾中精气渐少,不能滋养双目,而出现黑眼圈,此种黑眼圈眼周多伴有皱纹或眼袋。并且随着岁月的增长而日益严重。另一种是血管型黑眼圈,多由长期熬夜或失眠症引发,性生活过度也能诱发。此种情况的黑眼圈多随患者的熬夜、失眠程度而变化。
现代医学认为黑眼圈大多是由于经常熬夜,长期失眠,情绪不稳定,眼部疲劳、便秘、衰老,静脉血管血流速度过于缓慢,眼部皮肤红血球细胞供氧不足,静脉血管中二氧化碳及代谢废物积累过多,形成慢性缺氧,血液较暗并形成滞流以及造成眼部色素沉着。
日常生活中,偶尔因为熬夜、用眼过度、睡眠不足产生黑眼圈,这样的现象很正常,只要按时休息就能很好改善。然而,如果黑眼圈长期存在且难以消退,就要注意了,它很可能是疾病的征兆。这是因为人体是一个协调的有机整体,各脏腑、组织之间的功能活动是相互关联的。其中任何一个器官出了毛病,都会导致机体失衡。黑眼圈困扰了很多女性朋友,大多数人认为很影响美观,却不知黑眼圈的出现,其实反映了你的健康问题。
中医辨证分型定位黑眼圈,中医认为:黑眼圈多因肾气虚损、精气不足、脉络失畅、目失所养所致。长期熬夜、打麻将、过度看电视、上网,尤其是长期失眠,是导致黑眼圈的直接因素。如有以下情况导致眼圈发黑,预示有健康问题。
1肾阴不足:常有腰酸腿软、性机能减退、成人早衰、发脱齿摇、耳鸣健忘、动作迟缓,足痿无力,精神呆钝等表现者。
2肾阴虚:常有腰膝酸痛,眩晕耳鸣,失眠多梦,男子遗精早泄,女子经少经闭,或见崩漏,形体消瘦,潮热盗汗,五心烦热,咽干颧红,溲黄便干等症状而出现黑眼圈。
3肾气虚:中医临床中分为肾气不固、肾不纳气、肾阳虚衰等几方面,常伴有腰膝酸软而痛,畏寒肢冷,尤以下肢为甚,精神萎靡,面色晃白或黧黑,或男子阳萎,女子痛经或不孕;或浮肿,腰以下为甚,按之没指,甚至腹部胀满,全身肿胀,心悸咳喘等而又有黑眼圈。
4脾的功能失调:多因思虑过度,劳伤心脾所导致的惊悸怔忡、失眠健忘、盗汗、纳呆、嗜睡、头荤眼花,面色萎黄、眼圈黑暗。
5肝功能失调:在临床中多见于肝气郁结之证,常以情绪郁闷或烦躁、两胁胀痛、头痛目眩、疲乏,女性则易出现月经不调、乳房胀痛等。
中医经络调理之道:中医认为,黑眼圈预示身体疾病隐患,从黑眼圈能看出来一个人的肝脏、鼻子、胃、肾还有月经的问题,黑眼圈眼圈不能只靠一些外部的中医经络疗法来改善,可以从身体脏腑的内部来调理。
脾胃虚寒,眼部气血不足,易生黑眼圈。中医认为,若脾胃虚弱,水谷精微会滞留在局部,进而会化生为痰湿,黑眼圈的出现正是痰湿和水液积在下眼睑造成的。现在的年轻女性大多是铁杆“电脑族”,连续长时间看电脑,造成眼周皮肤血液循环不畅,疲劳不堪,提前老化。从经络图上看,下眼睑在胃经上,黑眼圈的位置正好是胃经的承泣穴和四白穴的所在,所以点穴顺气调理黑眼圈会常按一按这两个穴位,整体疏通面部瘀堵经络。另外,配合循经大肠经、胃经,着重在面部内外眼角、鼻翼、嘴角等处进行穴位点按,会很好的促进眼部血液循环。调节气血,激发调动脾胃经气,可有效健脾除湿,缓解眼部问题。
全息刮痧美容,辨证刮掉熊猫眼,中医认为黑眼圈多为脾肾两虚,调养以全息美容刮痧和培元艾灸配合使用,补益脾肾。全息刮痧调理时先刮拭眼周局部,点按攒竹、鱼腰、瞳子髎、承泣、睛明,寻找并按揉痛点及结节处。再刮拭面部肝胆、生殖器官的脊椎对应区和小腹部子宫卵巢体表投影区,还有背部膀胱经的脾俞、意舍等。最后刮拭下肢部的足三里、阳陵泉、三阴交。上中下三部同步刮痧,三个月后,就解除了面部面部晦暗、黑眼圈、眼袋。之后继续做培元艾灸来温脾补肾,腰膝酸软、乏力也得到缓解。整个人看上去精神十足,年轻了好几岁。
肾气衰竭,女性阴阳失衡,艾灸培元固本.中医认为,五色对应五脏,黑色对应五脏中的肾,一般眼眶周围发黑,是由于肾气虚衰所致。肾主水,肾气对体内的水液有蒸腾的作用,若肾气虚衰,则水液代谢失常,积于眼眶皮肤之下则发为“黑眼圈”。选用温灸从合谷穴开始,每侧艾灸时多停留一会,感觉大热的时候移到背部腧穴,来回几个回合,感觉背部大热,多停留一会,移到太溪穴,全面激发肝经气血,感觉大热移到水分穴、三阴交,整个过程大约是30分钟到1个小时。中医认为黑眼圈多因肾气虚损、精气不足、脉络失畅、目失所养所致。艾灸调理主要以补益肝肾、解郁明目为主。照此方法调理一个疗程左右,可以很快活化面部气血,平衡阴阳,整体改善容颜问题。
中医理论认为大部分眼部浮肿的发生与肝肾虚有关,肝肾虚后,肾精不能养肝血,而“肝开窍于目”,最终因精血亏损,表现在双眼上就形成黑眼圈,眼部水肿。而现代研究也证实眼部浮肿是由于经常熬夜,情绪不稳定,眼部疲劳、衰老,导致静脉血管血流速度过于缓慢,眼部皮肤红血球细胞供氧不足,静脉血管中二氧化碳及代谢废物积累过多,形成慢性缺氧,血液较暗并形成滞留以及造成眼部色素沉着,以及眼部浮肿。这与中医理论是相吻合的。眼袋可以通过手术矫正。激光也能改善眼袋,促进皮肤的新陈代谢,促进血液的循环、淋巴循环,使深深的眼袋慢慢的淡化,大约一个疗程以后就会看到明显的激光美容去眼袋的效果。激光去眼袋是属于无创美容的,不需要麻醉,激光去眼袋在进行治疗后会个别的有局部红肿的现象,这属于正常的现象,如果配合好眼部周围的护理和日常的保养,效果会更加的持久,但价格昂贵,并且有一定的风险,不是每个人都能负担的起。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于,肝开窍于目,肝的问题全表现在双眼处,若肝无法排清毒素,中医理论认为大部分眼部浮肿的发生与肝肾虚有关,肝肾虚后,肾精不能养肝血,而“肝开窍于目”,最终因精血亏损,表现在双眼上就形成黑眼圈,眼部水肿。
临床激光虽有一定疗效,但价格昂贵,有不同程度的副作用或引起某些并发症;而中药制品则因其取材天然、安全性好、低副作用、文献资料丰富、临床疗效佳而备受青睐。但现有的方剂针对性差,不能从根本上缓解黑眼圈,并且还有一定的副作用。因此,寻找一种高效安全的中药组合物成为人们的迫切需求。
为解决这些技术难题,本发明提供了一种缓解黑眼圈的中药组合物,其所述中药组合物中内服药物可以包括以下重量份数的原料药:白芍10~20份,当归10~20份,香附10~20份,丹参10~20份,桃仁10~20份,制首乌10~20份,牛膝10~20份,红花10~20份,远志10~20份,酸枣仁10~20份,红枣10~20份,枸杞10~20份,地骨皮10~20份,墨旱莲10~20份,益母草10~20份,覆盆子10~20份,小米草10~20份,栀子10~20份。
所述中药组合物外用药物可以包括以下重量份数的原料药:小米草10~20份,白芷10~20份,白芨10~20份,积雪草10~20份,天竺葵10~20份,三七10~20份,玉竹10~20份,黄芪10~20份,紫草10~20份,垂盆草10~20份,羌活10~20份,艾叶10~20份。
所述缓解黑眼圈的中药组合物,其所述中药组合物中内服药物还可以包括以下重量份数的原料药:白芍10~15份,当归10~15份,香附10~15份,丹参10~15份,桃仁10~15份,制首乌10~15份,牛膝10~15份,红花10~15份,远志10~15份,酸枣仁10~20份,红枣10~20份,枸杞10~20份,地骨皮10~20份,墨旱莲10~20份,益母草10~20份,覆盆子10~20份,小米草10~20份,栀子10~20份。
所述中药组合物外用药物还可以包括以下重量份数的原料药:小米草10~20份,白芷10~20份,白芨10~20份,积雪草10~20份,天竺葵10~20份,三七10~20份,玉竹10~15份,黄芪10~15份,紫草10~15份,垂盆草10~15份,羌活10~15份,艾叶10~15份。
所述缓解黑眼圈的中药组合物,其所述中药组合物中内服药物也可以包括以下重量份数的原料药:白芍10~20份,当归10~20份,香附10~20份,丹参10~20份,桃仁10~20份,制首乌10~20份,牛膝10~20份,红花10~20份,远志10~20份,酸枣仁10~15份,红枣10~15份,枸杞10~15份,地骨皮10~15份,墨旱莲10~15份,益母草10~15份,覆盆子10~15份,小米草10~15份,栀子10~15份。
所述中药组合物外用药物也可以包括以下重量份数的原料药:小米草10~15份,白芷10~15份,白芨10~15份,积雪草10~15份,天竺葵10~15份,三七10~15份,玉竹10~20份,黄芪10~20份,紫草10~20份,垂盆草10~20份,羌活10~20份,艾叶10~20份。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明还提供一种缓解黑眼圈的中药组合物的制备方法,其所述内服药物为颗粒剂的制备方法包括以下步骤:
a.取原料药用乙醇萃取,作为组分1;
b.将乙醇萃取过的药渣用水煎煮2次,合并浓缩提取液,作为组分2;
c.将组分1组分2合并浓缩成浸膏,加淀粉或糊精调和制粒。
所述步骤a中,可以将所有原料药切碎,将其浸泡置于有盖不锈钢桶内,加70%乙醇液,质量为粗颗粒的0.8-1倍,搅拌均匀,湿润密闭放置1小时以上,使充分膨胀;将渗漉筒底部滤板用纱布袋包裹铺平后再将湿润膨胀后的药物样品拌松弄散,然后用不锈钢勺盛粉,均匀的装入渗漉筒,装10-12厘米厚,用T型棒压匀,再按上述操作,一层一层的装入,适当加压,药粉填装不得超过渗漉筒的2/3高处;药粉面上盖不锈钢孔板压牢,打开渗漉筒下面的放料阀,并放一容器,然后缓缓加入70%乙醇液;待排出药粉粉粒之间的空气,并有乙醇流出约20L左右,关闭放料阀,盖上漉筒、浸渍24小时,然后开放料阀进行渗漉,控制渗漉速度一般为1000g药材每分钟流出2~3ml,滤液放入贮液缸内,并将排空时的乙醇液倒入贮液缸;将渗滤液合并静置,静置备用,作为组分1。
所述步骤b中,可以将上述萃取过的原料残渣放入10倍量水中,浸泡1-2小时,加热提取2次,每次1-2小时,去上清液,合并提取液,100-120目滤过,再经截流分子量为5000-10000的超滤柱超滤,超滤液减压浓缩相对密度为80℃时1.05的滤液,作为组分2。
所述步骤c中,可以将组分1与组分2合并,放入双效真空浓缩器中混合,先将滤液浓缩至80℃时相对密度为1.32的浓缩液,置0~5℃低温冷藏24小时;将冷藏液加0.3%的助滤剂硅藻土,过滤,滤液再置入双效真空浓缩器中,浓缩至每1ml含0.1g浸膏,然后加糊精或淀粉制成颗粒,装袋。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明也提供一种缓解黑眼圈的中药组合物的制备方法,所述中药组合物的外用制剂霜剂的制备方法为以下步骤:
a.取三七、白芷、白芨、羌活和防风用蒸馏法汽化成结晶,粉碎过细筛待用,作为组分1;
b.将其余原料用乙醇萃取,浓缩,作为组分2;
c.将组分1、组分2混合后加蜂蜡调和,杀菌装罐冷藏。
所述步骤a中,可以先将原料药三七、白芷、白芨、羌活和防风用水蒸气法蒸馏,得到结晶物,然后粉碎,过100-120目筛,作为组分1备用。
所述步骤b中,可以将其余原料药切碎,将其浸泡置于有盖不锈钢桶内,加70%乙醇液,质量为粗颗粒的0.8-1倍,搅拌均匀,湿润密闭放置1小时以上,使充分膨胀;将渗漉筒底部滤板用纱布袋包裹铺平后再将湿润膨胀后的药物样品拌松弄散,然后用不锈钢勺盛粉,均匀的装入渗漉筒,装10-12厘米厚,用T型棒压匀,再按上述操作,一层一层的装入,适当加压,药粉填装不得超过渗漉筒的2/3高处;药粉面上盖不锈钢孔板压牢,打开渗漉筒下面的放料阀,并放一容器,然后缓缓加入70%乙醇液;待排出药粉粉粒之间的空气,并有乙醇流出约20L左右,关闭放料阀,盖上漉筒、浸渍24小时,然后开放料阀进行渗漉,控制渗漉速度一般为1000g药材每分钟流出2~3ml,滤液放入贮液缸内,并将排空时的乙醇液倒入贮液缸;将渗滤液合并静置,作为组分2;将组分1投入组分2中,搅拌均匀,加热,加蜂蜡调和,成霜剂,本发明不含防腐剂,需要冷藏。
所述缓解黑眼圈的中药组合物的使用方法是,每次临睡前洁面后,将眼霜均匀涂抹于眼周,并用中指指肚在眼周按摩15-20分钟,至其充分吸收后,第二天早起洗去。
本发明参考古今中医学药理研究成就,筛选补气活血、清肝明目、滋肝补肾、明目退翳、平肝潜阳、清热解毒、消肿除水的天然中药,扶正祛邪,通腑泄毒,活血散瘀,调节人体的新陈代谢机能,提高人体眼周皮肤血液循环,从而达到消肿祛瘀、缓解疲劳、紧致眼部肌肤,淡化黑眼圈,美化容貌的目的。本发明根据传统中医理论及现代药理研究结果,反复筛选外用药,配制成中药组合物,具有活血祛瘀、明目退翳、温通血脉,活肤消肿,养血祛斑,紧致肌肤的功效。能有效扩张末梢血管,改善面部眼周微循环,消肿祛瘀,对色素沉着有一定的抑制作用。本发明治疗效果较理想,且无毒安全,制备方法简便易行,能创造良好的社会效益与经济效益。
具体实施方式
黑眼圈或是疾病征兆:黑眼圈是一种常见的症状,一般分两种,一种是早衰型黑眼圈,多由过早衰老所致,当人衰老后,肾中精气渐少,不能滋养双目,而出现黑眼圈,此种黑眼圈眼周多伴有皱纹或眼袋。并且随着岁月的增长而日益严重。另一种是血管型黑眼圈,多由长期熬夜或失眠症引发,性生活过度也能诱发。此种情况的黑眼圈多随患者的熬夜、失眠程度而变化。
现代医学认为黑眼圈大多是由于经常熬夜,长期失眠,情绪不稳定,眼部疲劳、便秘、衰老,静脉血管血流速度过于缓慢,眼部皮肤红血球细胞供氧不足,静脉血管中二氧化碳及代谢废物积累过多,形成慢性缺氧,血液较暗并形成滞流以及造成眼部色素沉着。
日常生活中,偶尔因为熬夜、用眼过度、睡眠不足产生黑眼圈,这样的现象很正常,只要按时休息就能很好改善。然而,如果黑眼圈长期存在且难以消退,就要注意了,它很可能是疾病的征兆。这是因为人体是一个协调的有机整体,各脏腑、组织之间的功能活动是相互关联的。其中任何一个器官出了毛病,都会导致机体失衡。黑眼圈困扰了很多女性朋友,大多数人认为很影响美观,却不知黑眼圈的出现,其实反映了你的健康问题。
中医辨证分型定位黑眼圈,中医认为:黑眼圈多因肾气虚损、精气不足、脉络失畅、目失所养所致。长期熬夜、打麻将、过度看电视、上网,尤其是长期失眠,是导致黑眼圈的直接因素。如有以下情况导致眼圈发黑,预示有健康问题。
1肾阴不足:常有腰酸腿软、性机能减退、成人早衰、发脱齿摇、耳鸣健忘、动作迟缓,足痿无力,精神呆钝等表现者。
2肾阴虚:常有腰膝酸痛,眩晕耳鸣,失眠多梦,男子遗精早泄,女子经少经闭,或见崩漏,形体消瘦,潮热盗汗,五心烦热,咽干颧红,溲黄便干等症状而出现黑眼圈。
3肾气虚:中医临床中分为肾气不固、肾不纳气、肾阳虚衰等几方面,常伴有腰膝酸软而痛,畏寒肢冷,尤以下肢为甚,精神萎靡,面色晃白或黧黑,或男子阳萎,女子痛经或不孕;或浮肿,腰以下为甚,按之没指,甚至腹部胀满,全身肿胀,心悸咳喘等而又有黑眼圈。
4脾的功能失调:多因思虑过度,劳伤心脾所导致的惊悸怔忡、失眠健忘、盗汗、纳呆、嗜睡、头荤眼花,面色萎黄、眼圈黑暗。
5肝功能失调:在临床中多见于肝气郁结之证,常以情绪郁闷或烦躁、两胁胀痛、头痛目眩、疲乏,女性则易出现月经不调、乳房胀痛等。
中医经络调理之道:中医认为,黑眼圈预示身体疾病隐患,从黑眼圈能看出来一个人的肝脏、鼻子、胃、肾还有月经的问题,黑眼圈眼圈不能只靠一些外部的中医经络疗法来改善,可以从身体脏腑的内部来调理。
脾胃虚寒,眼部气血不足,易生黑眼圈。中医认为,若脾胃虚弱,水谷精微会滞留在局部,进而会化生为痰湿,黑眼圈的出现正是痰湿和水液积在下眼睑造成的。现在的年轻女性大多是铁杆“电脑族”,连续长时间看电脑,造成眼周皮肤血液循环不畅,疲劳不堪,提前老化。从经络图上看,下眼睑在胃经上,黑眼圈的位置正好是胃经的承泣穴和四白穴的所在,所以点穴顺气调理黑眼圈会常按一按这两个穴位,整体疏通面部瘀堵经络。另外,配合循经大肠经、胃经,着重在面部内外眼角、鼻翼、嘴角等处进行穴位点按,会很好的促进眼部血液循环。调节气血,激发调动脾胃经气,可有效健脾除湿,缓解眼部问题。
祖国医学认为,本病发生的内因与肝、脾、肾三脏以及气血运行的失常关系密切,因此内治在脏腑多从肝脾肾论治,但也是身体内部平衡失调的外在反映。所以在治疗上要从整体出发,辨证施治。肝脾精血充盈、冲任调畅,则血络自有载药之资。肝主疏泄,能调达气血,舒畅情志。若肝气郁结则气血失和.气滞血瘀。壅滞络脉,上结于面则致面斑。肝主藏血。肝血充和,则体健面润。若肝肾不足,精血亏虚,不能上荣则易生面斑。
中医气血理论认为,气血循环过程是人体一切组织器官进行工作的物质基础,气血以流畅平衡为贵,如果气血不流畅就会产生瘀血,瘀血阻于体内,将进一步导致气血循环的恶化,造成更严重的瘀塞,故中医以气血为纲,通过调气活血使之流畅平衡,可祛病强身、养血美容。皮肤斑点之根本在瘀,退斑必先祛瘀、祛瘀当须活血,活血更须补气、理气,气为血之帅,血随之而运行;血为气之守,气得之而静谧,气结则血凝,气虚则血脱,气迫则血走。气血和则俱和。而理气在肝,补气在肺肾,肺主皮毛。因气滞血瘀,影响到肺脾肝肾的气血运行功能,而致面部出现黄褐斑、黑眼圈、眼袋、眼部浮肿、雀斑等色斑,甚至出现头发脱落、斑秃。本发明主要根据传统中医学辨正施治的原理,集众医家所长,广采博收地区奇药妙方,提取精华;选取补气活血、清肝明目、滋肝补肾、明目退翳、平肝潜阳、清热解毒、消肿除水的天然中药,扶正祛邪,通腑泄毒,活血散瘀,调节人体的新陈代谢机能,提高人体眼周皮肤血液循环,从而达到消肿祛瘀、缓解疲劳、紧致眼部肌肤。淡化眼袋,美化容貌的目的。
白芍入肝、脾经,养血柔肝,缓中止痛,敛阴收汗。治胸腹胁肋疼痛,泻痢腹痛,自汗盗汗,阴虚发热,月经不调,崩漏,带下,妇人血闭不通,消瘀血,能蚀脓,益女子血。《日华子本草》:治风、补劳,主女人一切病,并产前后诸疾,通月水,退热,除烦,益气,天行热疾,瘟瘴,惊狂,妇人血运,及肠风,泻血,痔瘘。发背,疮疥,头痛,明目,目赤努肉。赤色者多补气,白者治血。
白芨性苦、甘、涩,微寒。归肺、肝、胃经。功能主治收敛止血,消肿生肌。用于咳血吐血,外伤出血,疮疡肿毒,皮肤皲裂;肺结核咳血,溃疡病出血。《神农本草经》:“主痈肿、恶疮、败疽,伤阴死肌,胃中邪气”;《本草纲目》:“气味(根)苦、平、无毒。
白芷性味归经:辛,温。归肺、胃经。祛风散寒,通窍止痛,消肿排脓,燥湿止带。《日华子本草》:治目赤胬肉,及补胎漏滑落,破宿血,补新血,乳痈、发背、瘰疬、肠风、痔瘘,排脓,疮痍、疥癣,止痛生肌,去面皯疵瘢。
丹参苦,微寒。归心、肝经。祛瘀止痛,活血通经,清心除烦。用于月经不调,经闭痛经,症瘕积聚,胸腹刺痛,热痹疼痛,疮疡肿痛,心烦不眠。用于胸肋胁痛,风湿痹痛,症瘕结块,疮疡肿痛,跌仆伤痛,月经不调,经闭痛经,产后瘀痛等。治疗胸肋疼痛、症瘕结块,以及月经不调、经闭经痛具有良效。《纲目》载:丹参,按《妇人明理论》云,四物汤治妇人病,不问产前产后,经水多少,皆可通用,惟一味丹参散,主治与之相同。盖丹参能破宿血,补新血,安生胎,落死胎,止崩中滞下,调经脉。丹参主要成分丹参酮有扩张血管、改善循环、解除血管内凝血等作用,具有活血化痕之功效,并能促进肝脏血液循环,利于肝细胞再生。
红花(拉丁学名:Carthamus tinctorius L.),别名:红蓝花、刺红花,菊科、红花属植物,干燥的管状花,橙红色,花管狭细,先端5裂,裂片狭线形,花药黄色,联合成管,高出裂片之外,其中央有柱头露出。具特异香气,味微苦。以花片长、色鲜红、质柔软者为佳。活血通经,散瘀止痛,有助于治经闭、痛经、恶露不行、胸痹心痛、瘀滞腹痛、胸胁刺痛、跌打损伤、疮疡肿痛疗效。有活血化瘀,散湿去肿的功效。
桃仁(Semen Persicae),可指桃核里的仁儿;作为中草药桃仁使用时,特指蔷薇科植物桃或山桃的种子,别名毛桃仁、扁桃仁、大桃仁,6~7月果实成熟时采摘,除去果肉及核壳,取出种子,晒干,有活血祛瘀、润肠通便的功效,可用于经闭、痛经、癓瘕痞块、跌扑损伤、肠燥便秘等。孕妇慎用。临床观察证明,桃仁对血流阻滞、血行障碍有改善作用,能使各脏器各组织机能恢复正常。
三七是以其根部入药,其性温,味辛,具有显著的活血化瘀、消肿定痛功效,有“金不换”、“南国神草”之美誉。因常在春冬两季采挖,又分为“春七”和“冬七”。清朝药学著作《本草纲目拾遗》中记载:“人参补气第一,三七补血第一,味同而功亦等,故称人参三七,为中药中之最珍贵者。”扬名中外的中成药“云南白药”和“片仔癀”,即以三七为主要原料制成。主治咯血,吐血,衄血,便血,崩漏,外伤出血,胸腹刺痛,跌扑肿痛。
羌活,别名羌青、护羌使者、胡王使者、羌滑、退风使者、黑药,拉丁文名Notopterygium incisum.伞形科、羌活属植物,中药主治:性温,祛寒湿,用于外感风寒、头痛无汗、寒湿痹、上肢风湿疼痛。散表寒;祛风湿;利关节;止痛。主外感风寒;头痛无汗;风水浮肿;疮疡肿毒。用于阳痿遗精,遗尿尿频,腰膝冷痛,肾虚作喘,五更泄泻;外用治白癜风,斑秃。解表散寒,祛风胜湿,止痛。药性论》:″治贼风、失音不语,多痒血癞,手足不遂,口面歪邪,遍身顽痹。″《日华子本草》:″治一切风并气,筋骨拳挛,四肢羸劣,头旋眼目赤疼及伏梁水气,五劳七伤,虚损冷气,骨节酸疼,通利五脏。″
香附辛、微苦、微甘,平。归肝、脾、三焦经。功效疏肝解郁,理气宽中,调经止痛。主治用于肝郁气滞,胸胁胀痛,疝气疼痛,乳房胀痛,脾胃气滞,脘腹痞闷,胀满疼痛,月经不调,经闭痛经。朱震亨:香附,《本草》不言补,而方家言于老人有益,意有存焉,盖于行中有补理。《纲目》:香附之气平而不寒,香而能窜,其味多辛能散,微苦能降,微甘能和。
小米草,学名:Euphrasia pectinata Ten,为一年生草本植物,全草具药用价值。小米草提取物为小米草的全草的地上部分,具有去眼袋、消疲劳的功效。味苦;性微寒,归经,归膀胱经,功能主治清热解毒;利尿。主热病口渴;头痛;肺热咳嗽;咽喉肿痛;热淋;小便不利;口疮;痈肿。
川芎,学名:Ligusticum chuanxiong hort,栽培植物,主产于四川(灌县),在云南、贵州、广西等地,生长于温和的气候环境。是一种中药植物,常用于活血行气,祛风止痛,川芎辛温香燥,走而不守,既能行散,上行可达巅顶;又入血分,下行可达血海。活血祛瘀作用广泛,适宜瘀血阻滞各种病症;祛风止痛,效用甚佳,可治头风头痛、风湿痹痛等症。昔人谓川芎为血中之气药,殆言其寓辛散、解郁、通达、止痛等功能。
牛膝药用价值根入药,生用,活血通经;治产后腹痛,月经不调,闭经,鼻衄,虚火牙痛,脚气水肿;熟用,补肝肾,强腰膝;治腰膝酸痛,肝肾亏虚,跌打瘀痛。兽医用作治牛软脚症,跌伤断骨等。入药部位:植物的干燥根。性味:苦、甘、酸,平。归经:归肝、肾经。功效:逐瘀通经,补肝肾,强筋骨,利尿通淋,引血下行。主治:用于经闭,痛经,腰膝酸痛,筋骨无力,淋证,水肿,头痛,眩晕,牙痛,日疮,吐血,衄血。
艾叶辛、苦,温。归经归肝、脾、肾经。功效温经止血,散寒止痛;外用祛湿止痒。主治用于吐血,衄血,崩漏,月经过多,胎漏下血,少腹冷痛,经寒不调,宫冷不孕;外治皮肤瘙痒。醋艾炭温经止血,用于虚寒性出血。《本草纲目》:温中、逐冷、除湿。《本草求真》:专入肝脾。兼入肾。《本草从新》:逐寒湿。暖子宫。止诸血。温中开郁。调经安胎。
远志苦、辛,微温。归心、肾、肺经。功能主治安神益智,祛痰,消肿。用于心肾不交引起的失眠多梦,健忘惊悸,神志恍惚,咳痰不爽,疮疡肿毒,乳房肿痛。应用于失眠多梦,心悸怔忡,健忘。本品苦辛性温,性善宣泄通达,既能开心气而宁心安神、又能通肾气而强志不忘,为交通心肾、安定神志、益智强识之佳品。主治心肾不交之心神不宁、失眠、惊悸等症,常与茯神、龙齿、朱砂等镇静安神药同用,如远志丸(《张氏医通》);治健忘证,常与人参、茯苓、菖蒲同用,如开心散(《千金方》),若方中再加茯神,即不忘散(《证治准绳》)。《本草正》:远志,功专心肾,故可镇心止惊,辟邪安梦,壮阳益精,强志助力。以其气升,故同人参、甘草、枣仁,极能举陷摄精,交接水火。
中药何首乌有生首乌与制首乌之分,直接切片入药为生首乌,用黑豆煮汁拌蒸后晒干入药为制首乌。二者的功用有所不同:生首乌功能解毒、消痈、润肠通便,常用于治疗瘰疬疮痈、风疹瘙痒、肠燥便秘;制首乌功能补肝肾、益精血、乌须发、强筋骨,用于血虚萎黄、眩晕耳鸣、须发早白、腰膝酸软、肢体麻木、崩漏带下、久疟体虚等。本发明所采用的制首乌是补肾益肾的佳品。
酸枣仁中国最早的一部药书《神农本草经》中记载:“补中益肝,坚筋骨,助阴气,皆酸枣仁之功也。”明代李时珍《本草纲目》中记载,枣仁“熟用疗胆虚不得眠,烦渴虚汗之症;生用疗胆热好眠,皆足厥阴少阳药也。功效养肝,宁心,安神,敛汗。治虚烦不眠,惊悸怔忡,烦渴,虚汗。①《本经》:主心腹寒热,邪结气聚,四肢酸疼,湿痹。②《别录》:主烦心不得眠,脐上下痛,血转久泄,虚汗烦渴,补中,益肝气,坚筋骨,助阴气,令人肥健。③《药性论》:主筋骨风,炒末作汤服之。④《本草拾遗》:睡多生使,不得睡炒熟。⑤王好古:治胆虚不眠,寒也,炒服;治胆实多睡,热也,生用。⑥《本草汇言》:敛气安神,荣筋养髓,和胃运脾。⑦《本草再新》:平肝理气,润肺养阴,温中利湿,敛气止汗,益志定呵,聪耳明目。
枸杞:甘,平。枸杞叶:苦、甘;性凉。功能:枸杞子:养肝,滋肾,润肺。枸杞叶:补虚益精,清热明目。枸杞多糖是一种水溶性多糖,是枸杞中最主要的活性成分,相对分子质量为68-200,成为国内外研究热点。其中又以枸杞多糖的免疫调节和抗肿瘤作用的研究最多。现已有很多研究表明枸杞多糖具有促进免疫、抗衰老、抗肿瘤、清除自由基、抗疲劳、抗辐射、保肝、生殖功能保护和改善等作用。
地骨皮,别名:枸杞皮,为茄科、枸杞属植物,是枸杞Lycium chinense Mill.的根皮。可入药,具有退热除蒸之效,凉血除蒸、清肺降火等功效。
覆盆子,中药名。为蔷薇科植物华东覆盆子Rubus chingii Hu的干燥果实。分布于江苏、浙江、安徽、福建、江西、广西等地。具有益肾固精缩尿,养肝明目之功效。常用于遗精滑精,遗尿尿频,阳痿早泄,目暗昏花。《本草通玄》:“覆盆子,甘平入肾,起阳治痿,固精摄溺,强肾而无燥热之偏,固精而无疑涩之害,金玉之品也。”
栀子(学名:Gardenia jasminoides Ellis)别名:黄栀子、山栀、白蟾,是茜草科植物栀子的果实。栀子的果实是传统中药,属卫生部颁布的第l批药食两用资源,具有护肝、利胆、降压、镇静、止血、消肿等作用。在中医临床常用于治疗黄疸型肝炎、扭挫伤、高血压、糖尿病等症。含番红花色素苷基,可作黄色染料。
墨旱莲草为中医常用的养肝益肾、凉血止血药物。对肝肾阴虚所致的头昏目眩、牙齿松动、腰背酸痛、下肢痿软诸症以及血热所致的多种出血证有良好疗效。旱莲草含有挥发油、鞣质、皂甙、旱莲草素及维生素A等化学成分。动物试验有止血效果,体外试验对金黄色葡萄球菌有抑制作用。
黄芪具有补气固表、利水退肿、托毒排脓、生肌等功效。黄芪的药用迄今已有2000多年的历史,现代研究,黄芪含皂甙、蔗糖、多糖、多种氨基酸、叶酸及硒、锌、铜等多种微量元素。有增强机体免疫功能、保肝、利尿、抗衰老、抗应激、降压和较广泛的抗菌作用。但表实邪盛,气滞湿阻,食积停滞,痈疽初起或溃后热毒尚盛等实证。黄芪具有补气固表,利尿托毒,排脓,敛疮生肌的功效。用于气虚乏力,食少便溏,中气下陷,久泻脱肛,便血崩漏,表虚自汗,痈疽难溃,久溃不敛,血虚萎黄,内热消渴。《本经》记载:“主痈疽,久败疮,排脓止痛。补虚,小儿百病。”《日华子本草》记载:“助气壮筋骨,长肉补血。”
红枣,又名大枣。特点是维生素含量非常高,有“天然维生素丸”的美誉,具有滋阴补阳,补血之功效。李时珍在《本草纲目》[1]中说:枣味甘、性温,能补中益气、养血生津,用于治疗“脾虚弱、食少便溏、气血亏虚”等疾病。常食大枣可治疗身体虚弱、神经衰弱、脾胃不和、消化不良、劳伤咳嗽、贫血消瘦,养肝防癌功能尤为突出,有“日食三颗枣,百岁不显老”之说。
防风,中药名。别名铜芸、回云、回草、百枝、百种。是一种药草的名字,多年生草本植物,其喜凉爽气候,耐寒,耐干旱,主产于河北、黑龙江、四川、内蒙古等地。防风的根可生用。味辛、甘,性微温。有祛风解表,胜湿止痛,止痉的功效。
积雪草具有清热解毒,利湿消肿、滋补、消炎、镇定的作用。能刺激深层皮肤细胞更替。积雪草可以紧致表皮与真皮连接部分,能使皮肤变柔软,有助于解决皮肤松弛现象,使皮肤光滑有弹性;促进真皮层中胶原蛋白形成,使纤维蛋白再生,重新连接起来,使肌肤达到紧致光滑的效果。还可帮助受损的组织愈合及紧实肌肤。既能促进表皮与真皮之间的密切连接,又能抑制脂肪细胞的增加,防止皮肤水肿、出现肥胖。积雪草适用于各种肤质,其幼芽的水提取物具有抗菌消炎的作用,其属双子叶植物伞形科,能消肿解毒祛脓疮。
天竺葵止血,收缩血管,气喘,肝排毒,胆结石,肾排毒,肾结石,利尿,肌肉酸痛,油性皮肤,老化皮肤活化,疱疹,皮肤苍白,减肥,促进结疤,湿疹,灼伤晒伤,癣,月经不顺,乳房充血发炎,减轻忧郁不安,驱赶恶魔,补身,除臭,抗菌,杀菌,戒烟〔酒〕。天竺葵的主要功能在于调肤,天竺葵提取液中的有效成分与天然有机脂具有很强的亲和性,因此,天竺葵常与有机脂结合制成凝脂产品。一般的清洁用品在清洗过后,护肤的功能性成分大部分会被水冲洗流失,瑞士的科研人员在三高新鲜提取技术的基础上,通过添加择向活性酶等手段,使天竺葵的有效成分在与凝脂亲和的同时也与肌肤表皮层产生亲和性,这种亲和性超越了与水的亲和性,因此,在清洗的过程中,天竺葵的大部分有效成分仍能够被皮肤吸收,起到调肤的效果,天竺葵几乎适合各种皮肤状况,因为它能平衡皮脂分泌而使皮肤饱满。可能对湿疹、灼伤、带状疱疹、疱疹、癣及冻疮有益。对松垮、毛孔阻塞及油性皮肤也很好,由于天竺葵可以收缩毛孔,促进血液循环,使用后会让苍白的皮肤较为红润有活力,使皮肤亮泽细腻。
紫草性味:苦,寒,归经:入心包络、肝经。功能主治:凉血,活血,清热,解毒。治温热斑疹,湿热黄疸,紫癜,吐、衄、尿血,淋浊,热结便秘,烧伤,湿疹,丹毒,痈疡。《本经》:″主心腹邪气,五疸,补中益气,利九窍,通水道。″
玉竹,学名:Polygonatum odoratum(Mill.)Druce,为百合科多年生草本植物。根茎横走,肉质黄白色,密生多数须根。叶面绿色,下面灰色。中药名亦为玉竹,秋季采挖,洗净,晒至柔软后,反复揉搓,晾晒至无硬心,晒干,或蒸透后,揉至半透明,晒干,切厚片或段用。玉竹提取类黄酮物质与桑叶提取物脱氧野尻霉素结合形成一种新物质——洗胰清糖素(cics),具有降血糖、血脂、血压等作用。
垂盆草,清热利湿;解毒消肿;止血养血。主湿热黄疸;淋病;泻痢;肺痈;肠痈;疮疖肿毒;蛇虫咬伤;水火烫伤;咽喉肿痛;口腔溃疡及湿疹;带状疱疹。垂盆草是一味民间流传极广的常用药草,全草入药,性凉、味甘淡微酸,有清热解毒、消肿利尿、排脓生肌等的功效。
具体实施例1
本发明内服颗粒剂的制备:
将白芍1000g,当归1000g,香附1000g,丹参1000g,桃仁1000g,制首乌1000g,牛膝1000g,红花1000g,远志1000g,酸枣仁1000g,红枣1000g,枸杞1000g,地骨皮1000g,墨旱莲1000g,益母草1000g,覆盆子1000g,小米草1000g,栀子1000g,加占其质量7-10倍的乙醇浸泡2-3小时,加热提取2次,每次1-2小时,合并提取液,静置后去上清液,然后100-120目滤过,再经截流分子量为5000-10000的超滤柱超滤,超滤液减压浓缩相对密度为80℃时1.25的滤液。再将上述乙醇提取过的原料药的药渣加10倍量水,加热回流提取2次,每次1~2小时,将2次提取液合并静置,超滤液减压浓缩相对密度为80℃时1.25的滤液,混合两种提取滤液置入双效真空浓缩器中,浓缩至90℃时相对密度为1.05的浓缩液,置0~5℃低温冷藏24小时;将冷藏液加0.3%的助滤剂硅藻土,过滤,滤液再置入双效真空浓缩器中,浓缩至每1ml含0.1g生药量,然后加蜂蜜搓成丸剂。
具体实施例2
本发明内服颗粒剂:
将白芍1200g,当归1200g,香附1200g,丹参1300g,桃仁1200g,制首乌1300g,牛膝1300g,红花1200g,远志1200g,酸枣仁1200g,红枣1200g,枸杞1300g,地骨皮1200g,墨旱莲1200g,益母草1200g,覆盆子1200g,小米草1200g,栀子1200g,切碎将其浸泡置于有盖不锈钢桶内,加70%乙醇液,质量为粗颗粒的0.8-1倍,搅拌均匀,湿润密闭放置1小时以上,使充分膨胀;将渗漉筒底部滤板用纱布袋包裹铺平后再将湿润膨胀后的药物样品拌松弄散,然后用不锈钢勺盛粉,均匀的装入渗漉筒,装10-12厘米厚,用T型棒压匀,再按上述操作,一层一层的装入,适当加压,药粉填装不得超过渗漉筒的2/3高处;药粉面上盖不锈钢孔板压牢,打开渗漉筒下面的放料阀,并放一容器,然后缓缓加入70%乙醇液;待排出药粉粉粒之间的空气,并有乙醇流出约20L左右,关闭放料阀,盖上漉筒、浸渍24小时,然后开放料阀进行渗漉,控制渗漉速度一般为1000g药材每分钟流出2~3ml,滤液放入贮液缸内,并将排空时的乙醇液倒入贮液缸;将渗滤液合并静置,静置备用;将过滤的滤液置入双效真空浓缩器中,浓缩至90℃时相对密度为1.05的浓缩液,置0~5℃低温冷藏24小时;将冷藏液加0.3%的助滤剂硅藻土,过滤,滤液再置入双效真空浓缩器中,浓缩至每1ml含0.1g生药量,加糊精或淀粉制成颗粒。
具体实施例3
外用霜剂的制备方法:
将三七1000g、白芷1000g、白芨1000g、羌活1000g和防风1000g用蒸馏法汽化成结晶,粉碎待用,为组分1;其他原料小米草1000g,积雪草1000g,天竺葵1000g,玉竹1000g,黄芪1000g,紫草1000g,垂盆草1000g,艾叶1000g用水浸泡,加热煮沸3次,每次1-2小时,过滤,滤液备用;将合并后3次的滤液抽入减压浓缩罐内,减压浓缩至相对密度为1.20,温度至60℃-70℃的浸膏;成为组分2,混合组分1和组分2,调和基质,成凝胶剂;所述基质选自:蜂胶、聚山梨酯-80、三乙醇胺、丙二醇,半合成脂肪酸甘油酯、泊洛沙姆、聚乙二醇、羊毛脂中的一种或多种,调成眼霜用紫外线灭菌装瓶冷藏。
具体实施例4
将三七1200g、白芷1300g、白芨1200g、羌活1200g和防风1200g用蒸馏法汽化成结晶,粉碎待用,为组分1;其他原料小米草1300g,积雪草1200g,天竺葵1300g,玉竹1300g,黄芪1300g,紫草1300g,垂盆草1300g,艾叶1300g,加占其质量7-10倍的乙醇浸泡2-3小时,加热提取2次,每次1-2小时,合并提取液,静置后去上清液,然后100-120目滤过,再经截流分子量为5000-10000的超滤柱超滤,超滤液减压浓缩相对密度为80℃时1.25的滤液。再将上述乙醇提取过的原料药的药渣加10倍量水,加热回流提取2次,每次1~2小时,将2次提取液合并静置,超滤液减压浓缩相对密度为80℃时1.25的滤液,混合两种提取滤液置入双效真空浓缩器中,浓缩至90℃时相对密度为1.05的浓缩液,置0~5℃低温冷藏24小时;将冷藏液加0.3%的助滤剂硅藻土,过滤,滤液再置入双效真空浓缩器中,浓缩至每1ml含0.1g生药量,成为组分2。将组分1和组分2的合并,调和基质,成凝胶剂;所述基质选自:蜂胶、聚山梨酯-80、三乙醇胺、丙二醇,半合成脂肪酸甘油酯、泊洛沙姆、聚乙二醇、羊毛脂中的一种或多种,调成眼霜用紫外线灭菌装瓶,冷藏。
具体实施例5
将三七1200g、白芷1300g、白芨1200g、羌活1200g和防风1200g用蒸馏法汽化成结晶,粉碎待用,为组分1;其他原料小米草1300g,积雪草1200g,天竺葵1300g,玉竹1300g,黄芪1300g,紫草1300g,垂盆草1300g,艾叶1300g,将其浸泡置于有盖不锈钢桶内,加70%乙醇液,质量为粗颗粒的0.8-1倍,搅拌均匀,湿润密闭放置1小时以上,使充分膨胀;将渗漉筒底部滤板用纱布袋包裹铺平后再将湿润膨胀后的药物样品拌松弄散,然后用不锈钢勺盛粉,均匀的装入渗漉筒,装10-12厘米厚,用T型棒压匀,再按上述操作,一层一层的装入,适当加压,药粉填装不得超过渗漉筒的2/3高处;药粉面上盖不锈钢孔板压牢,打开渗漉筒下面的放料阀,并放一容器,然后缓缓加入70%乙醇液;待排出药粉粉粒之间的空气,并有乙醇流出约20L左右,关闭放料阀,盖上漉筒、浸渍24小时,然后开放料阀进行渗漉,控制渗漉速度一般为1000g药材每分钟流出2~3ml,滤液放入贮液缸内,并将排空时的乙醇液倒入贮液缸;将渗滤液合并静置,静置备用;将过滤的滤液置入双效真空浓缩器中,浓缩至90℃时相对密度为1.05的浓缩液,置0~5℃低温冷藏24小时;将冷藏液加0.3%的助滤剂硅藻土,过滤,滤液再置入双效真空浓缩器中,浓缩至每1ml含0.1g生药量,为组分2。将组分1和组分2的合并,调和基质,成凝胶剂;所述基质选自:蜂胶、聚山梨酯-80、三乙醇胺、丙二醇,半合成脂肪酸甘油酯、泊洛沙姆、聚乙二醇、羊毛脂中的一种或多种,调成眼霜用紫外线灭菌装瓶冷藏。
药理学毒性试验:
急性毒性实验资料
1、实验方法
将豚鼠背部脊柱两侧将脱毛剂均匀涂上,使去毛范围约40平方厘米。洗净脱毛剂归笼观察24小时,每组豚鼠分别涂本发明中药眼膜0.2、0.4和0.8ml,分别含生药92mg、184mg和368mg),另一组涂溶媒0.8ml每日二次,连续一周,实验结束后,将豚鼠处死,心,肝,肾及脱毛皮肤做病理检验。
2、结果
上述三组用药豚鼠躯干脱毛区,未见局部皮肤有水肿、充血、红斑、出血点及溃疡。用药组豚鼠毛发色泽、摄食、四肢活动等对照组无明显差异,病理组织学检查,给药组心、肝、肾及脱毛皮与对照字比较也无明显差异。
结果提示,本发明中药眼膜无局部刺激作用,也未见全身毒性表现。表明本发明中药眼膜使用安全。
长期毒性实验资料
1、实验方法
将豚鼠随机份成4组,每组15只。在豚鼠背部脊柱两侧将脱毛剂均匀涂上,使其脱毛范围约40平方厘米。洗净脱毛剂,观察24小时后每组豚鼠分别涂本发明眼膜0.2、0.4和0.8ml,分别含生药92、184和368mg),另一组涂溶媒0.8ml每日二次,连续30天,观察豚鼠的一般情况,实验结束后处死动物进行血液学、血液生化及病理学检查。
2、结果
上述三组用药豚鼠躯干去毛区,未见局部皮肤有水肿、充血、红斑、出血点及溃疡。用药组与对照组动物毛发色泽、摄食、四肢活动等对照组无明显差异,血液生化检查,用药组与对照组均在正常范围。病理组织学检查,实验各组心、肝、肾及局部皮肤均未见明显病变。提示,本发明中药眼膜长期用药对局部皮肤及全身重要脏器均未见明显的毒性作用。试验结果表明:本发明中药眼膜实验安全。
药理学实验
内服药物活血化瘀实验
1实验材料
1.1药品
本发明,用实施例2的方法制备;阳性对照药:四物汤,方剂,本院药剂科提供。
1.2动物Wistar大鼠,昆明种小鼠,♀♂均用。
2对肝损伤小鼠血清中ALT、ET、NO含量的影响
2.1分组:取105只昆明小鼠随机分为6组,每组15只,A组为正常对照组;B组为模型对照组;C组为阳性对照组;D1组为本发明低剂量组,D2组为本发明中剂量组,D3组为本发明高剂量组;
2.2造模方法:采用卡介苗和脂多糖联合的方法建立免疫性肝损伤小鼠模型。各组动物适应性喂养3d后,除正常对照组外,每只小鼠1次尾静脉注射卡介苗5×107个活菌,于注射BCG后第12d静脉注射脂多糖7.5μg/鼠,于16h后处死取材,正常对照组2次都以相同方法注射等量生理盐水。
2.3给药与处理:静脉注射卡介苗的第一天起开始灌胃给药,1次/d。正常对照组与模型对照组:生理盐水灌胃,灌胃量同药物治疗组的用药容量;阳性对照药物治疗组:四物汤组,5.9g/kg剂量给药;本发明组低3.9g/kg、中7.8g/kg、高11.7g/kg剂量给药。正常对照组于第12d注射生理盐水后16h,眼球后静脉丛取血,并处死动物取肝组织送检;其余组于静脉注射脂多糖后16h,眼球后静脉丛取血,并处死动物取肝组织送检。
2.4观察指标及检测方法:①检测谷-丙转氨酶(ALT):采用化学比色法测定。②内源性一氧化氮(N0)测定:采用放射免疫法,剖取0.5g肝脏制成10%肝组织匀浆,在4℃条件下,3000转/min,离心10min,取上清液。③内皮素(ET)检测:采用放射免法直接测定血浆ET浓度。
表1各组血清ALT、ET、N0的变化情况比较
*与模型组比较,*P<0.05、**P<0.01;Δ与阳性对照组比较,ΔP<0.05。
外用药物实验
一、本发明外用的微循环实验方法:
1、材料与方法:取50只小鼠,随机分成5组,每组10只(雌雄各半),对照组每鼠右耳涂生理盐水少许;阳性对照组每鼠右耳给予市售欧莱雅(LOREAL)复颜抗皱紧致滋润眼霜,受试组分为本发明外用眼霜400mg/kg/h。15min后腹腔注射0.1%戊巴比妥钠0.1ml/10g麻醉动物,随后尾静脉注射0.1%肾上腺素0.1mL/10g,立即观察小鼠右耳微动静脉口径(μm)及0.2mm2毛细血管网点数.t检验处理实验数据.
2结果与讨论
2.1.对微循环的影响
与对照组相比,受试组1对小鼠毛细血管开放数有明显增多(P<0.01);受试组2对微静脉口径和毛细血管开放数有显著增加(P<0.01);受试组3对小鼠微动、静脉口径及毛细血管开放数皆有增加(P<0.01);说明受试药能改善微循环,有活血化瘀作用(表1)。
表1、本发明眼膜对小鼠微动、静脉口径及毛细血管开放数的影响
二、对巴豆油所致小鼠耳廓肿胀的影响
取健康小鼠30只,随机分成3组,即空白对照组、欧莱雅(LOREAL)复颜抗皱紧致滋润眼霜阳性对照组、本发明眼霜组,每组10只,雌雄各半,阳性对照组和本发明组分别涂抹,空白对照组涂抹等剂量的生理盐水,连续给药7天,于末次给药后0.5小时,在小鼠左耳内外测涂巴豆油致炎剂(2%巴豆油,20%无水乙醇,5%蒸馏水,73%乙醚)0.1ml致炎,致炎后4小时用打孔器(孔径6mm)打下左、右耳片,称重,以左右耳片重量差作为肿胀程度,结果见表2。
表2对巴豆油所致小鼠耳廓肿胀的影响(X±SD)
注:与对照组比较:**P<0.01;与阳性对照组比较:#P<0.05;由上表实验结果可以看出,本发明眼霜具有更好的消肿药理作用。
三.对角叉菜胶所致大鼠足跖肿胀的影响
取健康大鼠30只,体重180-220g,随机分成空白对照组、欧莱雅(LOREAL)复颜抗皱紧致滋润眼霜阳性对照组、本发明眼霜组。每组10只,雌雄各半,分笼饲养。阳性对照组和本发明药物组分别每日涂抹0.2g,空白对照组给予同剂量的生理盐水涂抹,连续给药7天,于末次给药后30分钟,分别在大鼠右后足跖皮下注射1%角叉菜胶混悬液0.1ml/只致炎,分别于致炎前和致炎后15、30、60、120、240分钟测大鼠右后足跖的周长,并计算肿胀率【肿胀率=(致炎后足跖周长-致炎前足跖周长)/致炎前足跖周长×100%】;结果见表3。
表3对角叉菜胶所致大鼠足跖肿胀的影响(X±SD)
注:与对照组比较:**P<0.01;与阳性对照组比较:#P<0.05;由上表实验结果可以看出,本发明药物组具有更好的消肿祛瘀的药理作用。
脾胃虚寒,眼部气血不足,易生黑眼圈。中医认为,若脾胃虚弱,水谷精微会滞留在局部,进而会化生为痰湿,黑眼圈的出现正是痰湿和水液积在下眼睑造成的。现在的年轻女性大多是铁杆“电脑族”,连续长时间看电脑,造成眼周皮肤血液循环不畅,疲劳不堪,提前老化。从经络图上看,下眼睑在胃经上,黑眼圈的位置正好是胃经的承泣穴和四白穴的所在,所以点穴顺气调理黑眼圈会常按一按这两个穴位,整体疏通面部瘀堵经络。另外,配合循经大肠经、胃经,着重在面部内外眼角、鼻翼、嘴角等处进行穴位点按,会很好的促进眼部血液循环。调节气血,激发调动脾胃经气,可有效健脾除湿,缓解眼部问题。
全息刮痧美容,辨证刮掉熊猫眼,中医认为黑眼圈多为脾肾两虚,调养以全息美容刮痧和培元艾灸配合使用,补益脾肾。全息刮痧调理时先刮拭眼周局部,点按攒竹、鱼腰、瞳子髎、承泣、睛明,寻找并按揉痛点及结节处。再刮拭面部肝胆、生殖器官的脊椎对应区和小腹部子宫卵巢体表投影区,还有背部膀胱经的脾俞、意舍等。最后刮拭下肢部的足三里、阳陵泉、三阴交。上中下三部同步刮痧,三个月后,就解除了面部面部晦暗、黑眼圈、眼袋。之后继续做培元艾灸来温脾补肾,腰膝酸软、乏力也得到缓解。整个人看上去精神十足,年轻了好几岁。
肾气衰竭,女性阴阳失衡,艾灸培元固本.中医认为,五色对应五脏,黑色对应五脏中的肾,一般眼眶周围发黑,是由于肾气虚衰所致。肾主水,肾气对体内的水液有蒸腾的作用,若肾气虚衰,则水液代谢失常,积于眼眶皮肤之下则发为“黑眼圈”。选用温灸从合谷穴开始,每侧艾灸时多停留一会,感觉大热的时候移到背部腧穴,来回几个回合,感觉背部大热,多停留一会,移到太溪穴,全面激发肝经气血,感觉大热移到水分穴、三阴交,整个过程大约是30分钟到1个小时。中医认为黑眼圈多因肾气虚损、精气不足、脉络失畅、目失所养所致。艾灸调理主要以补益肝肾、解郁明目为主。照此方法调理一个疗程左右,可以很快活化面部气血,平衡阴阳,整体改善容颜问题。
临床试验
说明:我院于2014年7月-2015年7月,使用自制中药组合物治疗黑眼圈,疗效显著,现报道如下。
临床资料:临床选取黑眼圈明显者100例。其中男42人,女性58人。年龄22-60岁,平均36.2岁;未婚者32例,已婚者68例,已育者45例;病程6个月-12年,平均6.33年;教育水平大学文化45人,演员、白领、教师、干部、科室人员55例,其他人员45例。自述经常熬夜打游戏45例,遗传35倒,失眠20例,每日保养眼周者67人,激光治疗复发12人。临床分为治疗组50例,对照组50例。
治疗方法:治疗组采用自制中药组合物,内服方用:白芍12g,当归13g,香附12g,丹参11g,桃仁11g,制首乌12g,牛膝13g,红花12g,远志12g,酸枣仁12g,红枣12g,枸杞12g,地骨皮12g,墨旱莲12g,益母草12g,覆盆子13g,小米草12g,栀子12g。按照实施例方法2制备颗粒剂。每天三次,每次一包。
外用方:小米草12g,白芷13g,白芨14g,积雪草15g,天竺葵12g,三七13g,玉竹12g,黄芪13g,紫草13g,垂盆草12g,羌活12g,艾叶12g,按实施例3的方法制备成眼霜。
对照组,每组50例,内服四物汤,外用市售的马应龙八宝眼霜。
外用眼霜操作过程:进行时人员平卧床上,用洗面奶清洁面部,用负离子喷雾器喷雾面部,同时配合经络穴位按摩十二法进行面部按摩,眼周局部做重点按摩,时间约10min.后取眼霜,均匀涂于眼皮四周,注意不要弄进眼睛,可适当按摩10-15分钟。每日一次,1个月为1疗程。疗程结束后,每月随访1次,连续随访3个月。治疗期间嘱病人注意休息,并停用其它眼霜,眼霜。
疗效标准
效果明显:治疗2疗程后,黑眼圈、眼部浮肿明显淡化,且疗效维持1个月以上,眼疲劳缓解;有效:黑眼圈明显变淡,消退50%以上,病人自觉满意,睡眠质量好;或治疗期间黑眼圈淡化明显,但随访中睡眠不好,加班又有复发;无效:眼袋、眼部浮肿改变不明显或无变化;或曾消退50%以上,但随访中明显加重,试验人员不满意。
治疗结果:治疗组总有效率与各对照组比较,差别均有显著性(P<0.01),说明自制眼霜疗效明显优于市售眼霜。详见表1
表1 3组疗效对比表
注:与其他各组比较*P<0.01
随访结果随访发现,按摩者强于不按摩的人士。复发后,若继续使用仍然有效。
说明:本发明参考古今中医学药理研究成就,筛选补气活血、清肝明目、滋肝补肾、明目退翳、平肝潜阳、清热解毒、消肿除水的天然中药,扶正祛邪,通腑泄毒,活血散瘀,调节人体的新陈代谢机能,提高人体眼周皮肤血液循环,从而达到消肿祛瘀、缓解疲劳、紧致眼部肌肤。淡化眼袋,美化容貌的目的。本发明根据传统中医理论及现代药理研究结果,反复筛选外用药,配制成中药组合物,具有活血祛瘀、明目退翳、温通血脉,活肤消肿,养血祛斑,紧致肌肤的功效。能有效扩张末梢血管,改善面部眼周微循环,消肿祛瘀,对色素沉着有很强的抑制作用。
Claims (10)
1.一种缓解黑眼圈的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物中内服药物包括以下重量份数的原料药:白芍10~20份,当归10~20份,香附10~20份,丹参10~20份,桃仁10~20份,制首乌10~20份,牛膝10~20份,红花10~20份,远志10~20份,酸枣仁10~20份,红枣10~20份,枸杞10~20份,地骨皮10~20份,墨旱莲10~20份,益母草10~20份,覆盆子10~20份,小米草10~20份,栀子10~20份;
所述中药组合物外用药物包括以下重量份数的原料药:小米草10~20份,白芷10~20份,白芨10~20份,积雪草10~20份,天竺葵10~20份,三七10~20份,玉竹10~20份,黄芪10~20份,紫草10~20份,垂盆草10~20份,羌活10~20份,艾叶10~20份。
2.根据权利要求1所述缓解黑眼圈的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物中内服药物包括以下重量份数的原料药:白芍10~15份,当归10~15份,香附10~15份,丹参10~15份,桃仁10~15份,制首乌10~15份,牛膝10~15份,红花10~15份,远志10~15份,酸枣仁10~20份,红枣10~20份,枸杞10~20份,地骨皮10~20份,墨旱莲10~20份,益母草10~20份,覆盆子10~20份,小米草10~20份,栀子10~20份;
所述中药组合物外用药物包括以下重量份数的原料药:小米草10~20份,白芷10~20份,白芨10~20份,积雪草10~20份,天竺葵10~20份,三七10~20份,玉竹10~15份,黄芪10~15份,紫草10~15份,垂盆草10~15份,羌活10~15份,艾叶10~15份。
3.根据权利要求1所述缓解黑眼圈的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物中内服药物包括以下重量份数的原料药:白芍10~20份,当归10~20份,香附10~20份,丹参10~20份,桃仁10~20份,制首乌10~20份,牛膝10~20份,红花10~20份,远志10~20份,酸枣仁10~15份,红枣10~15份,枸杞10~15份,地骨皮10~15份,墨旱莲10~15份,益母草10~15份,覆盆子10~15份,小米草10~15份,栀子10~15份;
所述中药组合物外用药物包括以下重量份数的原料药:小米草10~15份,白芷10~15份,白芨10~15份,积雪草10~15份,天竺葵10~15份,三七10~15份,玉竹10~20份,黄芪10~20份,紫草10~20份,垂盆草10~20份,羌活10~20份,艾叶10~20份。
4.一种如权利要求1~3中任一项所述缓解黑眼圈的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述内服药物为颗粒剂的制备方法包括以下步骤:
a.取原料药用乙醇萃取,作为组分1;
b.将乙醇萃取过的药渣用水煎煮2次,合并浓缩提取液,作为组分2;
c.将组分1组分2合并浓缩成浸膏,加淀粉或糊精调和制粒。
5.根据权利要求4所述缓解黑眼圈的中药组合物的内服药物中颗粒剂的制备方法,所述步骤a中,将所有原料药切碎,将其浸泡置于有盖不锈钢桶内,加70%乙醇液,质量为粗颗粒的0.8-1倍,搅拌均匀,湿润密闭放置1小时以上,使充分膨胀;将渗漉筒底部滤板用纱布袋包裹铺平后再将湿润膨胀后的药物样品拌松弄散,然后用不锈钢勺盛粉,均匀的装入渗漉筒,装10-12厘米厚,用T型棒压匀,再按上述操作,一层一层的装入,适当加压,药粉填装不得超过渗漉筒的2/3高处;药粉面上盖不锈钢孔板压牢,打开渗漉筒下面的放料阀,并放一容器,然后缓缓加入70%乙醇液;待排出药粉粉粒之间的空气,并有乙醇流出约20L左右,关闭放料阀,盖上漉筒、浸渍24小时,然后开放料阀进行渗漉,控制渗漉速度一般为1000g药材每分钟流出2~3ml,滤液放入贮液缸内,并将排空时的乙醇液倒入贮液缸;将渗滤液合并静置,静置备用,作为组分1。
6.根据权利要求4所述缓解黑眼圈的中药组合物的内服药物中颗粒剂的制备方法,所述步骤b中,将上述萃取过的原料残渣放入10倍量水中,浸泡1-2小时,加热提取2次,每次1-2小时,去上清液,合并提取液,100-120目滤过,再经截流分子量为5000-10000的超滤柱超滤,超滤液减压浓缩相对密度为80℃时1.05的滤液,作为组分2。
7.根据权利要求4所述缓解黑眼圈的中药组合物的内服药物中颗粒剂的制备方法,所述步骤c中,将组分1与组分2合并,放入双效真空浓缩器中混合,先将滤液浓缩至80℃时相对密度为1.32的浓缩液,置0~5℃低温冷藏24小时;将冷藏液加0.3%的助滤剂硅藻土,过滤,滤液再置入双效真空浓缩器中,浓缩至每1ml含0.1g浸膏,然后加糊精或淀粉制成颗粒,装袋。
8.一种如权利要求1~3中任一项所述缓解黑眼圈的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述中药组合物的外用制剂霜剂的制备方法为以下步骤:
a.取三七、白芷、白芨、羌活和防风用蒸馏法汽化成结晶,粉碎过细筛待用,作为组分1;
b.将其余原料用乙醇萃取,浓缩,作为组分2;
c.将组分1、组分2混合后加蜂蜡调和,杀菌装罐冷藏。
9.根据权利要求4所述缓解黑眼圈的中药组合物的外用药物的霜剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤a中,先将原料药三七、白芷、白芨、羌活和防风用水蒸气法蒸馏,得到结晶物,然后粉碎,过100-120目筛,作为组分1备用。
10.根据权利要求4所述缓解黑眼圈的中药组合物的外用药物的霜剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤b中,将其余原料药切碎,将其浸泡置于有盖不锈钢桶内,加70%乙醇液,质量为粗颗粒的0.8-1倍,搅拌均匀,湿润密闭放置1小时以上,使充分膨胀;将渗漉筒底部滤板用纱布袋包裹铺平后再将湿润膨胀后的药物样品拌松弄散,然后用不锈钢勺盛粉,均匀的装入渗漉筒,装10-12厘米厚,用T型棒压匀,再按上述操作,一层一层的装入,适当加压,药粉填装不得超过渗漉筒的2/3高处;药粉面上盖不锈钢孔板压牢,打开渗漉筒下面的放料阀,并放一容器,然后缓缓加入70%乙醇液;待排出药粉粉粒之间的空气,并有乙醇流出约20L左右,关闭放料阀,盖上漉筒、浸渍24小时,然后开放料阀进行渗漉,控制渗漉速度一般为1000g药材每分钟流出2~3ml,滤液放入贮液缸内,并将排空时的乙醇液倒入贮液缸;将渗滤液合并静置,作为组分2;将组分1投入组分2中,搅拌均匀,加热,加蜂蜡调和,成霜剂,本发明不含防腐剂,需要冷藏。
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| CN109090594A (zh) * | 2018-09-17 | 2018-12-28 | 山西宏康御农业科技开发有限公司 | 一种安神养心补血的天然型功能食品 |
| CN112190665A (zh) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-01-08 | 郑州市新视明科技工程有限公司 | 用于缓解视疲劳的眼贴及其制备方法 |
| CN116712324A (zh) * | 2023-04-27 | 2023-09-08 | 云南郑保制药有限公司 | 一种三七艾灸贴 |
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| CN112190665A (zh) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-01-08 | 郑州市新视明科技工程有限公司 | 用于缓解视疲劳的眼贴及其制备方法 |
| CN116712324A (zh) * | 2023-04-27 | 2023-09-08 | 云南郑保制药有限公司 | 一种三七艾灸贴 |
| CN116712324B (zh) * | 2023-04-27 | 2024-04-23 | 云南郑保制药有限公司 | 一种三七艾灸贴 |
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