CN104543512A - Traditional Chinese medicine feed additive improving quality of fresh water aquiculture animal and preparation method for traditional Chinese medicine feed additive - Google Patents
Traditional Chinese medicine feed additive improving quality of fresh water aquiculture animal and preparation method for traditional Chinese medicine feed additive Download PDFInfo
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- CN104543512A CN104543512A CN201410815856.4A CN201410815856A CN104543512A CN 104543512 A CN104543512 A CN 104543512A CN 201410815856 A CN201410815856 A CN 201410815856A CN 104543512 A CN104543512 A CN 104543512A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine feed additive improving the quality of fresh water aquiculture animal and a preparation method for the traditional Chinese medicine feed additive, and belongs to the field of aquiculture feed additives. The traditional Chinese medicine feed additive comprises the following components: astragalus, turmeric, hawthorn, orange peel, shizandra berry and liquorice. The invention further discloses the method for preparing the traditional Chinese medicine feed additive. The method comprises the following steps: weighing the components according to weight matching; smashing, screening and mixing the components to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine feed additive. The traditional Chinese medicine feed additive can reduce pH reduction speed after cultured fish is killed, improves muscular system water power, remarkably improves flavor substances of muscle free amino acid, inosine monophosphate and intramuscular fat content, can efficiently improve the commodity value of the cultured fish, and has a significant application prospect in aquiculture.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Chinese herbal feed additive, particularly relate to a kind of Chinese herbal feed additive improving fresh water aquiculture animal local flavor, the invention still further relates to the preparation method and application of described Chinese herbal feed additive, belong to fresh water aquiculture animal Chinese herbal feed additive field.
Background technology
Fresh-water fishes are aquaculture kinds of Chinese tradition, cultivate with a long history, of a great variety, are the important economic kinds of aquatic products.Fresh-water fishes because of its nutritive value very abundant, be the important sources of good protein, 8 kinds of essential amino acids, unrighted acid, vitamin A, vitamin D, several mineral materials etc. containing needed by human, become the consumer goods enjoying favor.Along with expanding economy, the significantly lifting of life and the level of consumption, people are also constantly improving the demand of freshwater fish product.
Modern high density, intensive aquaculture mode, cultivation fish body stands various stress reaction, muscle cell resistance to oxidation weakens to cause the factors such as feed nutrition is uneven, breeding water body environment worsens, the increase of disease prevention and cure dosage to make, so that the natural flavour mountaineous destruction of fish totally, meat is soft, and local flavor is deteriorated.
Large quantity research shows, containing polysaccharide, flavonoids, glycoside and other class active materials in natural Chinese medicinal herb plant, has increase physique such as improving animal anti-stress ability, immunity, resistance to oxidation, improves effect of measurement techniques for quality detection of meat.
Therefore, urgently develop a kind of Chinese herbal feed additive being applicable to fresh water aquiculture animal, to improve cultured fishes meat quality, improve food meat flavor and mouthfeel, promote cultured fishes commodity value.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of Chinese herbal feed additive improving fresh water aquiculture animal local flavor, improves cultured fishes meat quality, improves food meat flavor and mouthfeel.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
The invention discloses a kind of Chinese herbal feed additive improving fresh water aquiculture animal local flavor, comprise following component: hawthorn, orange peel, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine and Radix Glycyrrhizae; The weight portion of each component is: hawthorn 25-35 part, orange peel 15-20 part, fruit of Chinese magnoliavine 15-25 part and Radix Glycyrrhizae 25-35 part.
Preferably, the weight portion of each component is: hawthorn 32 parts, orange peel 20 parts, 20 parts, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine and 28 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae.
Hawthorn: be the fruit of rosaceous plant hawthorn or fructus crataegi cuneatae.Nature and flavor acid is sweet, tepor.Enter spleen, stomach, Liver Channel.Function cures mainly: disappear having indigestion, loose hemostasis, expelling tenia.
Orange peel: different name dried orange peel is the pericarp of the multiple tangerine classes such as rutaceae tangerine produced in fujian province or Zhu's tangerine.Nature and flavor are worked hard, temperature.Enter spleen, lung channel.Function cures mainly: regulate the flow of vital energy, and in tune, eliminating dampness, reduces phlegm.
The fruit of Chinese magnoliavine: be the fruit of magnoliaceae schisandra.Nature and flavor acid, temperature.Enter lung, kidney channel.Function cures mainly: astringe the lung, and nourshing kidney is promoted the production of body fluid, and receives sweat, puckery essence.
Radix Glycyrrhizae: be root and the root-like stock of glycyrrhizic legume.Nature and flavor are sweet, flat.Enter spleen, stomach, lung channel.Function cures mainly: with middle emergency, moistening lung, removing toxic substances, coordinating the drug actions of a prescription.
The invention also discloses a kind of Chinese herbal feed additive improving fresh water aquiculture animal local flavor, comprise following component: yellow over sixty years of age, turmeric, hawthorn, orange peel, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine and Radix Glycyrrhizae; The weight portion of each component is preferably: Huang 30-40 part over sixty years of age, turmeric 22-30 part, hawthorn 25-35 part, orange peel 15-20 part, fruit of Chinese magnoliavine 15-25 part and Radix Glycyrrhizae 25-35 part; Preferred, the weight portion of each component is: yellow over sixty years of age 35 parts, 25 parts, turmeric, hawthorn 32 parts, orange peel 20 parts, 20 parts, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine and 28 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae.
Yellow over sixty years of age: the different name Radix Astragali is the dry root of legume yellow over sixty years of age or Inner Mongol yellow over sixty years of age etc.Nature and flavor are sweet, tepor.Enter lung, the spleen channel.Function cures mainly: inducing diuresis for removing edema, tonifying middle-Jiao and Qi.
Turmeric: be the rhizome of zingiberaceous plant turmeric or root tuber of aromatic turmeric.Nature and flavor are worked hard, temperature.Enter spleen, Liver Channel.Function cures mainly: broken blood, promoting the circulation of qi, stimulates the menstrual flow, pain relieving.
Chinese herbal feed additive compatibility of the present invention has reduction cultivation fish together and slaughters rear pH decrease speed, improves the meat qualities such as muscular system waterpower, improves effect of the flavor substances such as muscular free amino acid, inosinicacid and intramuscular fat content.
Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention, is applicable to fresh water aquiculture animal, and described fresh water aquiculture animal is fresh-water fishes; Be preferably grass carp or crucian.
Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention is added in feed, to throw something and feed respectively grass carp and crucian, measure muscle pH, muscle drip loss, muscular free amino acid content, imp content and intramuscular fat, detect the impact on grass carp and carassias auratus muscLe quality and flavor substance.Result shows, grass carp or the carassias auratus muscLe quality of adding Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention cultivation are significantly better than control group; Flavor substance in muscle gets a promotion, and imp content significantly raises; Local flavor free aminoacid content in muscle gets a promotion, and Ala, Glu content significantly raises.On hawthorn, orange peel, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine and Radix Glycyrrhizae basis, add the Chinese herbal feed additive of yellow over sixty years of age and turmeric, the effect improving carassias auratus muscLe quality and flavor substance is better.
The present invention's two kinds of fresh-water fishes experimental group in experiment periods the change of muscle pH in 24h and muscle drip loss all remarkable in control group; Test 2 groups of muscle drip losses significantly lower than experiment 1 group (p<0.05); After wherein cultivating 60 days, it is extremely remarkable in control group and experiment 1 group of muscle drip loss (p<0.001) that grass carp tests 2 groups of muscle drip losses.Reflect the meat quality that Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention can improve fresh-water fishes, reach Expected Results.On hawthorn, orange peel, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine and Radix Glycyrrhizae basis, add the Chinese herbal feed additive of yellow over sixty years of age and turmeric, the effect improving carassias auratus muscLe quality and flavor substance is better.
PH is the visualize of muscle acidity, and that reflects the speed of glycolysis in body after slaughtering of animals, muscle pH declines, and muscle cell membrane can be caused impaired, and drip loss increases, and produces harmful effect to meat quality.The loss of muscle moisture can cause the loss of solubility flavor substance, and therefore the height of drip loss directly affects the edible quality such as flavour, fragrance, succulence, nutritive loss, tenderness of food meat.
In the present invention, selected turmeric can protect the liver and protect courage, and by strengthening antioxidant ability of organism, protection liver, regulates cultivated animals to the metabolism of nutriment and absorption, thus improve the quality of meat.Polyphenoils simultaneously in yellow over sixty years of age, hawthorn can be protected biomembrane lipid from oxidation, reduces drip loss, suppress carnic acid to lose spoiled.
After slaughtering of animals, reach capacity in pH process at muscular rigidity, part atriphos (ATP), under the effect of ATP enzyme, resolves into adenosine diphosphate (ADP) (ADP).ADP is under the effect of creatine kinase, resolve into the sweet acid of gland (AMP), AMP is under deaminase effect, and deamination forms inosinicacid (IMP), IMP can form inosine again under phosphoesterase action, and under the effect of nucleoside hydrolase, resolves into hypoxanthine and ribose further.In meat, the accumulation of IR acid and other catabolites can make meat delicate flavour thicken.As the metabolite of ATP, be naturally present in muscle, it is the important indicator weighing meat delicate flavour, and the flesh of fish that imp content is high, meat is fresher and tenderer.
Except experiment 1 group of crucian cultivation 30 days imp contents are higher than except control group in the present invention, other experimental group are all significantly higher than control group.Cultivate 30 days, grass carp is tested 2 groups of imp content poles and is significantly higher than contrast and experiment 1 group (p<0.001); Cultivate 60 days, test 2 groups of imp content poles and be significantly higher than control group (p<0.001) and be significantly higher than experiment 1 group (p<0.05).Cultivate 30 and 60 days, crucian is tested imp content in 2 groups of muscle and is significantly higher than control group (p<0.05).The fruit of Chinese magnoliavine selected in the present invention as help class Chinese herbal medicine, effects such as containing Lignanoids compounds, there is stronger growth promotion, improve immunity, be anti-oxidant.Show after deliberation, being added on of fruit of Chinese magnoliavine extract adds somewhat to imp content in muscle, thus increases flesh delicate flavor.
One of important indicator of impact food meat flavor is the content of intramuscular fat.In muscle, fat is distributed in musculature equably, and be closely linked with memebrane protein in muscle, intramuscular fat is rich in phosphatide, and phosphatide is the important precursor affecting meat volatile flavor.Therefore, be rich in appropriate intramuscular fat and have good action to the satisfied degree of mouthfeel, succulence, flavour etc.
When intramuscular fat content reaches 3.5% ~ 4.5% (muscle weight in wet base percentage), muscle side has good mouthfeel, and within the scope of this, its local flavor is continuative improvement with the increase of muscle fat.In the present invention's experiment, except testing 1 group of grass carp, in cultivation, after 60 days, intramuscular fat is higher than except contrast, and the intramuscular fat content of other each experimental group is all significantly higher than contrast.In the different breeding stage, grass carp is tested 2 groups of intramuscular fat contents and is significantly higher than control group (p<0.05).Cultivate 60 days, the content pole that crucian tests intramuscular fat in 2 groups of muscle is significantly higher than contrast and experiment 1 group (p<0.001).Two kinds of fresh-water fishes are passed with culturing time, and intramuscular fat content is improved, and its flavor quality is constantly improved.Experimental group higher than control group, the intramuscular fat content of testing 2 groups more this close to this scope.Crucian content, higher than grass carp, may cause its body fat Difference of Metabolism relevant because both feeding habits are different.
Free amino acid and local flavor have important relationship.Meat deliciousness is somewhat dependent upon composition and the content of its Fresh ear field (Ala, Glu, Gly, Asp).Glu, Asp in Fresh ear field are the amino acids characteristic in delicate flavour, and wherein the delicate flavour of Glu is the strongest, and the sweet taste of Gly to fish has contribution, and Gly, Ala are the amino acids characteristic in sugariness.The amino acid that the source of muscle Free Amino Acids comprises feed resource, fish body body internal protein turnover (old and feeble cell, breaks down proteins produce) produces, and by the amino acid of carbohydrate, adipose conversion, synthesis.
In experimental group of the present invention, all kinds of local flavor free aminoacid content is all higher than control group.Wherein grass carp test 1 group cultivate 30 days after Glu content be significantly higher than control group, all kinds of local flavor free aminoacid contents cultivated in experiment in 60 days 2 groups are all significantly higher than contrast, and wherein Fresh ear field aspartic acid (Asp) pole is significantly higher than contrast and experiment 1 group (p<0.001).Crucian cultivation is tested 1 group of Glu content and is significantly higher than control group after 60 days; Test 2 groups of delicious amino acid (Ala) content poles and be significantly higher than control group and experiment 1 group (p<0.001).The adjustable organism metabolism of help class Chinese herbal medicine in the present invention, strengthens body digestion and absorption function, thus effectively regulates amino acid composition.After adding Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention, on Glu content impact in cultivated animals body significantly.
The invention also discloses a kind of method preparing described Chinese herbal feed additive, comprise the following steps: take each bulk drug by described weight proportion, pulverized by each bulk drug, sieve, mixing, to obtain final product.
Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention can be applied to the Chinese herbal feed additive that preparation improves fresh water aquiculture animal local flavor.
Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention has good phagostimulating effect, can reduce cultured fishes and slaughter rear pH decrease speed, improves muscular system waterpower, can significantly improve the flavor substances such as muscular free amino acid, inosinicacid and intramuscular fat content; Be prepared into Chinese herbal feed additive to throw something and feed fresh-water fishes, the local flavor of fresh water aquiculture animal can be improved.
Technical solution of the present invention compared with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
(1) Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention is containing hawthorn, orange peel, has good phagostimulating effect.
(2) Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention significantly can reduce cultured fishes and slaughters rear pH decrease speed, improves the meat quality such as muscular system waterpower and tenderness, can improve the flavor substances such as muscular free amino acid, inosinicacid and intramuscular fat content.
(3) Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention can directly add in commercial feed, adds easy to use.
(4) the raw materials used steady sources of the present invention, cheap, production technology are simple, are easy to industrialization and produce.
Detailed description of the invention
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, advantage and disadvantage of the present invention will be more clear along with description.It should be understood that described embodiment is only exemplary, any restriction is not formed to scope of the present invention.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that and can modify to the details of technical solution of the present invention and form or replace down without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but these amendments or replacement all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
The preparation of embodiment 1 Chinese herbal feed additive
Each bulk drug (unit: kg) is taken: hawthorn 25, orange peel 15, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine 15 and Radix Glycyrrhizae 25 according to following weight portion.Pulverized by each bulk drug, cross 100 mesh sieves, mixing, to obtain final product.
The preparation of embodiment 2 Chinese herbal feed additive
Each bulk drug (unit: kg) is taken: hawthorn 35, orange peel 20, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine 25 and Radix Glycyrrhizae 35 according to following weight portion.Pulverized by each bulk drug, cross 100 mesh sieves, mixing, to obtain final product.
The preparation of embodiment 3 Chinese herbal feed additive
Each bulk drug (unit: kg) is taken: hawthorn 32, orange peel 20, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine 20 and Radix Glycyrrhizae 28 according to following weight portion.
Pulverized by each bulk drug, cross 100 mesh sieves, mixing, to obtain final product.
The preparation of embodiment 4 Chinese herbal feed additive
Each bulk drug (unit: kg) is taken: yellow over sixty years of age 30, turmeric 22, hawthorn 25, orange peel 15, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine 15 and Radix Glycyrrhizae 25 according to following weight portion;
Pulverized by each bulk drug, cross 100 mesh sieves, mixing, to obtain final product.
The preparation of embodiment 5 Chinese herbal feed additive
Each bulk drug (unit: kg) is taken: yellow over sixty years of age 40, turmeric 30, hawthorn 35, orange peel 20, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine 25 and Radix Glycyrrhizae 35 according to following weight portion;
Pulverized by each bulk drug, cross 100 mesh sieves, mixing, to obtain final product.
The preparation of embodiment 6 Chinese herbal feed additive
Each bulk drug (unit: kg) is taken: yellow over sixty years of age 35, turmeric 25, hawthorn 32, orange peel 20, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine 20 and Radix Glycyrrhizae 28 according to following weight portion;
Pulverized by each bulk drug, cross 100 mesh sieves, mixing, to obtain final product.
Experimental example 1 Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention feed grass carp and crucian experiment
1, materials and methods
1.1 animals used as test and grouping
Test and carry out in great Sha farm pond, Honghu City, select the cultured freshwater fish that two kinds different, i.e. grass carp and crucian.Wherein grass carp selects 80 ~ 90g fingerling, crucian selects 30 ~ 40g fry, cultivates in different ponds.Often kind of experiment fish is divided into three groups: namely, test 1 group, test 2 groups and control group, often organize 4 repetitions, wherein grass carp each repetition 100 tail fish, crucian each repetition 120 tail fish, and each experiment fish culture that repeats is in the net cage of 2 × 3 × 2.
1.2 aquaculture management
Chinese herbal feed additive embodiment 3 and embodiment 6 prepared adds mixing in commercial feed to according to the ratio of 0.2% (mass percentage) and makes pharmaceutical chemistry.
With the bait feeding grass carp prepared, crucian.Wherein, the pharmaceutical chemistry of Chinese herbal feed additive preparation prepared by 1 group of embodiment 3 of throwing something and feeding is tested; Test the pharmaceutical chemistry of Chinese herbal feed additive preparation prepared by 2 groups of embodiments 6 of throwing something and feeding; Control group is thrown something and fed the commercial feed of the same size not adding Chinese herbal feed additive, carries out feeding and management according to science method for breeding.
Culture experiment is divided into two cycles, namely 30 days and 60 days, and feeding and management is thrown something and fed in strict accordance with " four is fixed " principle, and daily ration of feeding is thrown something and fed by fish body weight 3% ratio.Breeding process periodic measurement water quality, improves breeding environment, guarantees DO, pH, NH
4 +, NO
2 -cultivation requirement is met Deng physical and chemical index.
1.3 sample collection
Two culture-cycles terminate post-sampling, namely cultivate 30 days and cultivate 60 days afterwards stochastical sampling respectively.The each net cage of grass carp cultivating pool gathers 10 tail fishes, carries out mark after weighing, and each net cage 5 tail fish tape goes back to laboratory and carries out Indexs measure; The each net cage in crucian cultivation pond gathers 15 tail fishes, carries out mark after weighing, and each net cage 8 tail fish tape goes back to laboratory and carries out Indexs measure.
1.4 muscle pH measure
Sample arrives behind laboratory, gets the flesh of fish of fish body gill cover trailing edge to anus position, and meat sample is cut into small pieces and is placed in clean meat grinder and is twisted into meat gruel shape, contains in beaker, adopts pH meter to measure muscle pH.After fish ceases breathing, 1h and 24h measures respectively.
1.5 muscle drip losses measure
After fish slaughters 2h, get the muscle of back block that the fish side above size of line is 3cm × 2cm × 2cm, with electronic balance correct amount meat sample W
1, sling by the thin cotton thread of meat sample, outer surface cover one polybag, fastens sack, the water droplet staying sufficient space to receive meat sample in bag to ooze out, then 4 DEG C hang 24h after take out, to weigh again W with the filter paper moisture sucked on meat sample surface
2.Drip loss=(W
1-W
2)/W
1× 100%.
1.6 muscular free amino acid assays
Meat sample of getting is cut into small pieces, and uses the homogenate after 4 DEG C of process 1h of 6% sulfosalicylic acid.After homogenate centrifugal filtration, high-efficient liquid phase analysis method is used to measure.
1.7 imp contents measure
Meat sample of getting is cut into small pieces, and uses the homogenate after 4 DEG C of process 1h of 5% perchloric acid.Homogenate centrifuging and taking supernatant, after adjusting pH=6.5, uses high-efficient liquid phase analysis method to measure.
1.8 intramuscular fat contents measure
Measure by " meat quality determination techniques specification NY/T821-2004 " method.
1.9 data processing
The variance analysis of data is carried out with the independent sample T inspection in SPSS17.0 statistical software.
2, experimental result
2.1 Chinese herbal feed additives are on the impact of grass carp meat quality and flavor substance
2.1.1 Chinese herbal feed additive is on the impact of grass carp meat quality
Experimental result is in table 1.
Table 1 Chinese herbal feed additive respectively cultivates the impact of stage meat quality to grass carp
Note: mark different lowercase person with column data and represent significant difference (p<0.05, Means ± SD)
Mark different capitalization person with column data and represent that difference extremely significantly (p<0.001, Means ± SD).
From table 1, after cultivating 30 days control group muscle placement 24h, pH declines 17.16%, tests 1 group of pH and declines 16.24%, tests 2 groups of pH and declines 16.12%; After cultivating 60 days control group muscle placement 24h, pH declines 17.35%, tests 1 group of pH and declines 16.19%, tests 2 groups of pH and declines 15.61%.Each experimental group muscle pH rate of descent in different breeding stage is all lower than control group, and the muscle pH placed after 24h is all significantly higher than control group (p<0.05); Experiment 2 groups of muscle pH rates of descent in different breeding stage are all lower than experiment 1 group.
Cultivate after 30 days, each experimental group muscle drip loss is all remarkable in control group muscle drip loss (p<0.05); Cultivate after 60 days, test 1 group of muscle drip loss significantly lower than control group muscle drip loss (p<0.05), it is extremely remarkable in control group and experiment 1 group of muscle drip loss (p<0.001) to test 2 groups of muscle drip losses.
Result shows, the grass carp of Chinese herbal feed additive cultivation of the present invention, and meat quality is significantly better than control group; Especially use Chinese herbal feed additive prepared by embodiment 6, effect is better.
2.1.2 Chinese herbal feed additive is on the impact of grass carp flavor substance
Experimental result is in table 2,3 and table 4.
Table 2 Chinese herbal feed additive respectively cultivates the impact of stage flavor substance to grass carp
Note: mark different lowercase person with column data and represent significant difference (p<0.05, Means ± SD)
Mark different capitalization person with column data and represent that difference extremely significantly (p<0.001, Means ± SD).
From table 2, cultivate 30 days, test 1 group of inosinicacid and intramuscular fat content is all significantly higher than control group (p<0.05); Test 2 groups of imp content poles and be significantly higher than contrast and experiment 1 group (p<0.001), intramuscular fat content is significantly higher than control group (p<0.05).
Cultivate 60 days, the content of testing inosinicacid in 1 group of muscle is significantly higher than control group (p<0.05); Test 2 groups of imp content poles be significantly higher than control group (p<0.001) and be significantly higher than experiment 1 group (p<0.05), intramuscular fat content is significantly higher than control group (p<0.05).
Experiment proves, use Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention to cultivate grass carp, the flavor substance in muscle gets a promotion, and imp content significantly raises.
Table 3 Chinese herbal feed additive is on the impact (mg/g) of muscular free amino acid after grass carp cultivation 30d
Note: mark different lowercase person with column data and represent significant difference (p<0.05, Means ± SD)
Mark different capitalization person with column data and represent that difference extremely significantly (p<0.001, Means ± SD).
From table 3, test after 1 group of grass carp cultivates 30 days, the free aminoacid content affecting local flavor in muscle is all higher than control group, and the glutamic acid (Glu) wherein with strong delicate flavour is significantly higher than control group (p<0.05).Test after 2 groups of grass carps cultivate 30 days, the free amino acid of local flavor is affected all higher than control group and experiment 1 group in muscle, the glutamic acid (Glu) wherein with strong delicate flavour and the alanine (Ala) with flavor developing effect are all significantly higher than control group (p<0.05), and glycine (Gly) pole in sweet taste is significantly higher than contrast and experiment 1 group (p<0.001).Result shows, use Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention to cultivate grass carp, the local flavor free aminoacid content in muscle gets a promotion, and especially adopt Chinese herbal feed additive prepared by embodiment 6, Ala, Glu, Gly content in muscle significantly raises.
Table 4 Chinese herbal feed additive is on the impact (mg/g) of muscular free amino acid after grass carp cultivation 60d
Note: mark different lowercase person with column data and represent significant difference (p<0.05, Means ± SD)
Mark different capitalization person with column data and represent that difference extremely significantly (p<0.001, Means ± SD).
From table 4, test after 1 group of grass carp cultivates 60 days, affect the free aminoacid content of local flavor in muscle all higher than control group, wherein the alanine (Ala) of flavor and the glutamic acid (Glu) with strong delicate flavour are significantly higher than control group (p<0.05).Test after 2 groups of grass carps cultivate 60 days, the free aminoacid content affecting local flavor in muscle is all significantly higher than control group (p<0.05), each local flavor free aminoacid content is all higher than experiment 1 group, and wherein Fresh ear field aspartic acid (Asp) pole is significantly higher than contrast and experiment 1 group (p<0.001).
Result shows, the Chinese herbal feed additive cultivation grass carp using the embodiment of the present invention 6 to prepare, the local flavor free aminoacid content in muscle significantly gets a promotion.
2.2 Chinese herbal feed additives are on the impact of carassias auratus muscLe quality and flavor substance
2.2.1 Chinese herbal feed additive is on the impact of carassias auratus muscLe quality
Experimental result is in table 5.
Table 5 Chinese herbal feed additive respectively cultivates the impact of stage meat quality to crucian
Note: mark different lowercase person with column data and represent significant difference (p<0.05, Means ± SD);
Mark different capitalization person with column data and represent that difference extremely significantly (p<0.001, Means ± SD).
From table 5, cultivate 30 days, after control group muscle places 24h, pH declines 18.09%, and after testing 1 group of muscle placement 24h, pH declines 17.33%, and after testing 2 groups of muscle placement 24h, pH declines 16.50%; Cultivate 60 days, after control group muscle places 24h, pH declines 18.54%, and after testing 1 group of muscle placement 24h, pH declines 18.38%, and after testing 2 groups of muscle placement 24h, pH declines 17.67%.The experimental group muscle pH rate of descent in different breeding stage is all lower than contrast, and the muscle pH tested after 1 group of placement 24h is all significantly higher than control group (p<0.05); After each cultivation phase experiments 2 groups of muscle place 24h, muscle pH is all higher than control group and experiment 1 group, and cultivation is after 60 days, the muscle pH pole of testing after 2 groups of placement 24h is significantly higher than control group (p<0.001), is significantly higher than experiment 1 group (p<0.05).
In each cultivation stage, test 1 group of drip loss all lower than control group, and test 2 groups of drip losses significantly lower than control group and experiment 1 group (p<0.05).
Result shows, use Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention to cultivate crucian, meat quality is significantly better than control group.Use Chinese herbal feed additive prepared by embodiment 6, effect is better.
2.2.2 Chinese herbal feed additive is on the impact of crucian flavor substance
Experimental result is in table 6,7 and table 8.
Table 6 Chinese herbal feed additive respectively cultivates the impact of stage flavor substance to crucian
Note: mark different lowercase person with column data and represent significant difference (p<0.05, Means ± SD)
Mark different capitalization person with column data and represent that difference extremely significantly (p<0.001, Means ± SD).
From table 6, cultivate 30 days, test the content of inosinicacid and intramuscular fat in 1 group of muscle all higher than control group, and intramuscular fat content is significantly higher than control group (p<0.05); The content of testing inosinicacid and intramuscular fat in 2 groups of muscle, all higher than experiment 1 group, is significantly higher than control group (p<0.05).
Cultivate 60 days, test inosinicacid and intramuscular fat content in 1 experimental group muscle and be all significantly higher than control group (p<0.05); Test imp content in 2 groups of muscle and be significantly higher than control group (p<0.05), the content pole of intramuscular fat is significantly higher than contrast and experiment 1 group (p<0.001).
Result shows, use Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention to cultivate crucian, muscle flavor substance is significantly better than control group.Use Chinese herbal feed additive prepared by embodiment 6, effect is better.
Table 7 Chinese herbal feed additive is on the impact (mg/g) of muscular free amino acid after crucian cultivation 30d
Note: mark different lowercase person with column data and represent significant difference (p<0.05, Means ± SD)
Mark different capitalization person with column data and represent that difference extremely significantly (p<0.001, Means ± SD).
From table 7, add Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention cultivation crucian after 30 days, the free aminoacid content of local flavor is affected all higher than control group in muscle, wherein test 2 groups, glycine (Gly) content in sweet taste characteristic is significantly higher than control group (p<0.05), and glutamic acid (Glu) pole of the strong delicate flavour of tool is significantly higher than contrast and experiment 1 group.
Result shows, use Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention to cultivate crucian, the local flavor free aminoacid content in muscle gets a promotion.Use Chinese herbal feed additive prepared by embodiment 6, effect is better.
Table 8 Chinese herbal feed additive is on the impact (mg/g) of muscular free amino acid after crucian cultivation 60d
Note: mark different lowercase person with column data and represent significant difference (p<0.05, Means ± SD)
Mark different capitalization person with column data and represent that difference extremely significantly (p<0.001, Means ± SD).
From table 8, add Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention cultivation crucian after 60 days, the free aminoacid content affecting local flavor in muscle is all higher than control group, and the glutamic acid (Glu) of wherein testing 1 group of strong delicate flavour is significantly higher than control group (p<0.05); Test 2 groups, delicious amino acid (Ala) content pole is significantly higher than control group and experiment 1 group (p<0.001), and glutamic acid (Glu) content of the strong delicate flavour of tool is significantly higher than control group (p<0.05).
Result shows, use Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention to cultivate crucian, muscular free amino acid content is higher than control group.Use Chinese herbal feed additive prepared by embodiment 6, effect is better.
Claims (10)
1. for a Chinese herbal feed additive for fresh water aquaculture of aquatic animal, it is characterized in that, be made up of following component: hawthorn, orange peel, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine and Radix Glycyrrhizae.
2. according to Chinese herbal feed additive according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the weight portion of each component is: hawthorn 25-35 part, orange peel 15-20 part, fruit of Chinese magnoliavine 15-25 part and Radix Glycyrrhizae 25-35 part.
3. according to Chinese herbal feed additive according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the weight portion of each component is: hawthorn 32 parts, orange peel 20 parts, 20 parts, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine and 28 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae.
4. improve a Chinese herbal feed additive for fresh water aquiculture animal local flavor, it is characterized in that, comprise following component: yellow over sixty years of age, turmeric, hawthorn, orange peel, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine and Radix Glycyrrhizae.
5. according to Chinese herbal feed additive according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the weight portion of each component is: Huang 30-40 part over sixty years of age, turmeric 22-30 part, hawthorn 25-35 part, orange peel 15-20 part, fruit of Chinese magnoliavine 15-25 part and Radix Glycyrrhizae 25-35 part.
6. according to Chinese herbal feed additive according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the weight portion of each component is: yellow over sixty years of age 35 parts, 25 parts, turmeric, hawthorn 32 parts, orange peel 20 parts, 20 parts, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine and 28 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae.
7., according to claim 1 to 6 Chinese herbal feed additive described in any one, it is characterized in that, described fresh water aquiculture animal is fresh-water fishes; Preferably, described fresh-water fishes are grass carp or crucian.
8. prepare a method for claim 1 to 6 Chinese herbal feed additive described in any one, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: take each component by described weight proportion, each component pulverized, sieve, mixing, to obtain final product.
9. the purposes of claim 1 to 6 Chinese herbal feed additive described in any one in the taste flavor improving or improve fresh water aquiculture animal or quality.
10. according to purposes according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: described fresh water aquiculture animal is fresh-water fishes; Preferably, described fresh-water fishes are grass carp or crucian.
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