CN104529996A - 三蝶烯衍生物及其用途 - Google Patents
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 7
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- C07D333/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种含二芳烯的三蝶烯衍生物及其用途。所述的三蝶烯衍生物卤代三碟烯(triphyene)与含硼酸三甲酯基的二噻吩乙烯通过偶联反应后得到。本发明设计并合成的三蝶烯衍生物具有热稳定性好、量子效率高和光响应时间快等特性。此外,所述三蝶烯衍生物氯代烷中表现出一种独特的溶剂化显色现象。因此,本发明提供的含二芳烯的三蝶烯衍生物不仅可用于全色显示和信息存储,而且还可用于氯代烷痕量检测。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种三蝶烯衍生物及其用途,具体地说,涉及一种含二芳烯的三蝶烯衍生物及其用途。
背景技术
当今社会,科学技术不断迅猛发展。各种先进信息技术的应用已经与人们的工作、学习和生活息息相关,我们正处在一个信息爆炸的时代。然而现有的硬件条件使得各种前沿科技无法及时付诸于应用之中,也越来越无法满足人们日益增长的对信息存储与传输的需求。因此,密度高、响应快、可重复利用的信息存储材料已经成为广大科研工作者的研究要点。光致变色材料在信息存储等领域具有巨大的应用潜力,倍受人们瞩目。在各种各样的光致变色材料中,二芳烯尤其是二噻吩乙烯类光致变色化合物以光响应时间快、抗疲劳和热稳定性好和量子效率高,已成为研究的重中之重(M.Irie,Chem.Rev.,2000,100,1685.)。
三蝶烯(triphyene)是一种由三个相互之间呈120°夹角的苯环组成、具有独特立体刚性结构的分子。它在分子机器、超分子化学和材料科学等领域都有广泛的应用(1、C.E.Godinez,G.Zepeda and M.A.Garcia-Garibay.J.Am.Chem.Soc.2002,124,4701–4707.2、E.M.Veen,P.M.Postma,H.T.Jonkman,A.L.Spek and B.L.Feringa.Chem.Commun.,1999,1709–1710.3、J.Hoogboom and T.M.Swager.J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2006,128,15058–15059)。但以三碟烯为主干,用二噻吩乙烯为变色调制单元构建星型功能材料却鲜有报道。
发明内容
本发明的发明人以极具立体性的三维空间刚性结构的三碟烯为主干,用二噻吩乙烯为变色调制单元,通过简便灵活的偶联反应,将二者通过单键键合而共轭,得到一系列具有星状结构新型含二芳烯的三蝶烯衍生物。
本发明设计并合成的三蝶烯衍生物具有热稳定性好、量子效率高和光响应时间快等特性。此外,所述三蝶烯衍生物氯代烷(如二氯甲烷或氯仿等)中表现出一种独特的溶剂化显色现象。
因此,本发明提供的含二芳烯的三蝶烯衍生物不仅可用于全色显示和信息存储,而且还可用于氯代烷(如二氯甲烷或氯仿等)痕量检测。
本发明一个目的在于,提供一种结构新颖的含二芳烯的三蝶烯衍生物。所述三蝶烯衍生物为式Ⅰ所示化合物:
式Ⅰ中,R1~R6分别独立选自:氢(H)或式Ⅱ所示基团,且R1~R6中至少有一个为式Ⅱ所示基团:
式Ⅱ中,R7~R12分别独立选自:氢(H),卤素(F、Cl、Br或I),C1~C3烷基或苯基中一种,其中曲线标记处表示取代位(下同)。
本发明另一个目的在于,揭示上述式Ⅰ所示化合物的一种用途,即式Ⅰ所示化合物作为检测氯代烷的检测试剂的用途。
本发明还有一个目的在于,提供一种制备式Ⅰ所示化合物的方法,所述方法的主要步骤是:由式Ⅲ所示化合物与相应的卤代三蝶烯反应,得到目标化合物(式Ⅰ所示化合物)。
附图说明
图1是式Ⅱa所示化合物的CH2Cl2溶液的紫外-可见吸收光谱;
图2是式Ia所示化合物的四氢呋喃溶液的紫外-可见吸收光谱;
图3是式Ia所示化合物的CH2Cl2溶液的紫外可见吸收光谱;
图4是式Ic所示化合物的的CH2Cl2溶液的紫外可见吸收光谱;
图5是式If所示化合物的的CH2Cl2溶液的紫外可见吸收光谱;
图6是式Ig所示化合物的的CH2Cl2溶液的紫外可见吸收光谱;
图7是式Ih所示化合物的的CH2Cl2溶液的紫外可见吸收光谱。
具体实施方式
在本发明一个优选的技术方案中,R7,R8和R12分别独立选自:氢(H),卤素(F、Cl、Br或I),C1~C3烷基或苯基中一种;R9,R10和R11分别独立选自:氢(H)或卤素(F、Cl、Br或I)中一种;
进一步优选的技术方案是:R7,R8和R12分别独立选自:氢(H),Cl,甲基或苯基中一种;R9,R10和R11分别独立选自:氢(H)或F中一种。
本发明提供的制备式Ⅰ所示化合物的方法,具体包括如下步骤:
(1)在惰性气体(不参与反应的气体,如氩气等)存在(保护)及避光条件下,将式Ⅳ所示化合物及溶剂置于干燥的圆底烧瓶中,在(-15℃~-10℃)条件下,向该圆底烧瓶中加入n-BuLi的环己烷溶液,加毕,室温搅拌至少45分钟,再加入硼酸三甲酯,继续搅拌至少4小时,得到式Ⅲ所示化合物(无需分离纯化,可直接用于下一步骤);
(2)在惰性气体(不参与反应的气体,如氩气等)存在(保护)条件下,在相应的卤代三蝶烯的四氢呋喃(THF)溶液中加入碳酸钾水溶液,搅拌加热,加入钯催化剂(如Pd(PPh3)4等),再加入式Ⅲ所示化合物,加热至回流,在此回流状态保持1~20小时,冷却,经水处理和二氯甲烷萃取后,有机相经水洗,干燥,浓缩除溶剂后,过硅胶柱得到目标物(式Ⅰ所示化合物)。
式Ⅳ中,X为卤素(F、Cl、Br或I),R7~R12的定义与前文所述相同。
本发明提供的三蝶烯衍生物(式Ⅰ所示化合物)是一种光致变色化合物。即式Ⅰ所示化合物溶于有机溶剂(如THF、正己烷、甲苯、甲醇、乙醇或氯代烷等)中,用波长为λ1(200-400nm)的光照射该溶液t1分钟(1~180min),可以看出该溶液逐渐由无色变为橙色;后用波长为λ2(300-500nm)的光照射t2分钟(1~180min),溶液又从黄色变回到无色。意外的是:当式Ⅰ所示化合物溶于氯代烷中,采用上述不同波长分别照射两次后,会出现一种独特的溶剂化显色现象。
因此,本发明提供的三蝶烯衍生物(式Ⅰ所示化合物)不仅可用作全色显示和信息存储,还可用于氯代烷的痕量检测。
下面通过实施例对本发明作进一步参数,其目的仅在于更好理解本发明的内容。因此,所举之例并不限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
式Ia所示化合物的合成
在减压状态下,将式Ⅱa所示化合物(1.0mmol,328mg)和10mL新蒸的无水四氢呋喃中置于干燥的反应瓶中,在冰盐浴搅拌条件下,滴加2Mn-BuLi(1.2mmol,0.6mL),加毕,撤去冰盐浴,继续在室温条件下搅拌45分钟后,再加入硼酸三甲酯(1.2mmol,0.134mL),加毕,继续搅拌反应4小时,得到式Ⅲa所示化合物,无需分离,直接用于下一步的偶联反应。
在两口烧瓶中,加入0.21g的式A所示三碘代三蝶烯(0.33mmol)和新蒸的无水四氢呋喃,再加入四三苯基膦钯(35mg,0.03mmol),2mL碳酸钾水溶液(2M),抽真空,氩气保护。开动搅拌,加热升温至60℃,将含有式Ⅲa所示化合物的混合液用注射器迅速注入两口烧瓶的反应液中,避光条件下继续升温至回流,在回流状态保持至少12小时,移去热源,冷却至室温,将所得产物溶液倒入蒸馏水中,用二氯甲烷萃取数次,合并有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,用旋转蒸发仪浓缩溶剂,避光条件下通过硅胶柱色谱分离提纯(DCM:PE=1:4,V/V),得到白色固体0.1g(式Ia所示化合物),产率为27%。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ=7.54(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),7.36-7.32(m,3H),7.18-7.10(m,3H),6.90(s,3H),6.60(s,3H),5.42(d,J=6.9Hz,2H),2.75(m,12H),2.09-1.98(m,6H),1.95(s,9H),1.81(s,9H).HRMS[C66H57Cl3S6]:calcd for[M+H]+:1147.1928,found 1147.1931。
实施例2
式Ib所示化合物的合成
除了以式Ⅱb所示化合物替换实施例1中式Ⅱa所示化合物外,其它步骤与实施例1相同,得到式Ib所示化合物固体123mg,产率为25.5%。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ=7.54(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),7.36-7.32(m,3H),7.18-7.10(m,3H),7.04(s,3H),6.88(s,3H),5.42(d,J=6.9Hz,2H),2.40(s,9H),2.09(s,9H),1.95(s,9H).HRMS[C71H71F18S6]:calcd for[M+H]+:1458.3671,found 1458.3682。
实施例3
式Ic所示化合物的合成
除了以式Ⅱc所示化合物替换实施例1中式Ⅱa所示化合物外,其它步骤与实施例1相同,得到98mg白色固体(Ic所示化合物),产率为32.2%。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ=7.79(m,6H),7.53(d,J=4Hz,3H),7.51(m,6H),7.41-7.37(m,9H),7.25(d,J=4Hz,3H)7.01(s,3H),6.90(s,3H),5.19(s,2H),2.75(m,12H),2.09-1.98(m,6H),1.95(s,9H),1.81(s,9H).HRMS[C83H68S6]:calcd for[M+H]+:1257.3724,found 1257.3743。
实施例4
式Id所示化合物的合成
除了以式Ⅱd所示化合物替换实施例1中式Ⅱa所示化合物外,其它步骤与实施例1相同,得到固体78mg(Id所示化合物),产率为26.3%。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ=7.53(s,3H),7.41-7.37(m,6H),5.19(d,J=6.9Hz,2H),2.78(s,9H),2.55(s,9H),2.01(s,9H),1.96(s,9H).HRMS[C74H74Cl3F18S6]:calcd for[M+H]+:1602.2971,found 1602.2978。
实施例5
式Ie所示化合物的合成
除了以式Ⅱe所示化合物替换实施例1中式Ⅱa所示化合物外,其它步骤与实施例1相同,得到固体103mg(式Ie所示化合物),产率为28.5%。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ=7.53(s,3H),7.41-7.37(m,6H),5.20(d,J=6.9Hz,2H),2.78(s,9H),2.55(s,9H),2.46(s,9H),2.01(s,9H),1.96(s,9H).HRMS[C77H83F18S6]:calcdfor[M+H]+:1542.4610,found 1542.4617。
实施例6
式If所示化合物的合成
除了以式B所示化合物替换实施例1中式A所示化合物外,其它步骤与实施例1相同,得到固体90mg(式If所示化合物),产率为18.9%。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ=7.59(s,2H),7.53(s,1H),7.41-7.37(m,2H),7.21(s,1H),7.10-7.05(m,2H),7.01(s,4H),6.76(s,4H),5.19(d,J=6.9Hz,2H),2.38(m,16H),2.15(m,8H),2.04(s,12H),1.89(s,12H).HRMS[C81H70Cl4S8]:calcd for[M+H]+:1441.2046,found1441.2053.
实施例7
式Ig所示化合物的合成
除了以式C所示化合物替换实施例1中式A所示化合物外,其它步骤与实施例1相同,得到固体76mg(式Ig所示化合物),产率为29.3%。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ=7.59(s,4H),7.21(s,1H),7.10-7.05(m,2H),7.03(s,5H),6.87(s,5H),5.22(d,J=6.9Hz,2H),2.39(m,20H),2.21(m,10H),2.08(s,15H),1.93(s,15H).HRMS[C96H83Cl5S10]:calcd for[M+H]+:1734.2227,found 1734.2235。
实施例8
式Ih所示化合物的合成
除了以式D所示化合物替换实施例1中式A所示化合物外,其它步骤与实施例1相同,得到固体(式Ih所示化合物)35mg,产率为19.2%。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ=7.45(s,6H),7.05(s,6H),6.97(s,6H),5.20(s,2H),2.46(m,24H),2.19(m,12H),2.11(s,18H),1.98(s,18H).HRMS[C111H96Cl6S12]:calcd for[M+H]+:2026.2374,found 2026.2382。
实施例9
式Ii所示化合物的合成
除了以式E所示化合物替换实施例1中式A所示化合物外,其它步骤与实施例1相同,得到固体(式Ii所示化合物)0.35g,产率为64%。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ=7.52(s,1H),7.40-7.36(m,4H),7.34-7.32(m,1H),7.12-7.10(m,1H),7.00-6.98(m,4H),6.89(s,1H),6.60(s,1H),5.43(s,1H),5.41(s,1H),2.75(m,4H),2.04(m,2H),1.94(s,3H),1.81(s,3H).HRMS[C35H27ClS2]:calcd for[M+H]+:547.1321,found547.1325。
实施例10
式Ij所示化合物的合成
除了以式F所示化合物替换实施例1中式A所示化合物外,其它步骤与实施例1相同,得到白色固体(式Ij所示化合物)0.22g,产率为66%。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ=7.55(d,J=1.5Hz,2H),7.40(m,2H),7.34(d,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.13(dd,J=7.6,1.7Hz,2H),7.01(dd,J=5.1,3.5Hz,2H),6.91(s,2H),6.61(s,2H),5.44(s,1H),5.41(s,1H),2.76(m,8H),2.08-1.99(m,4H),1.95(s,6H),1.82(s,6H).HRMS[C51H44Cl2S4]:calcd for[M+H]+:855.1781,found 855.1780。
光致变色性质测试实施例
实施例11
分别对式Ⅱa所示化合物及式Ia~Ij所示化合物进行光致变色性测试:
(1)在紫外光照射前,式Ⅱa所示化合物的二氯甲烷溶液是无色的,在400-700nm可见光波长范围内没有吸收;经254nm的紫外光照射,在450nm处出现了一个新的吸收峰,并随着光照时间的增加吸收增强,在11min后达到光稳态,溶液变为浅黄色。然而,继续用254nm的光照射,没有出现新的吸收峰,接着用254nm光照射30min,也没有出现新的吸收峰(详见图1)。
(2)在紫外光照射前,式Ia所示化合物的四氢呋喃溶液是无色的,在400-700nm可见光波长范围内没有吸收;经254nm的紫外光照射,在492nm处出现了一个新的吸收峰,并随着光照时间的增加吸收增强,在5min后达到光稳态,溶液变为浅橙色(详见图2)。
(3)通过紫外可见吸收光谱研究目标分子的光致变色性能时,我们偶然间发现式Ia所示化合物在二氯甲烷溶液中有着特殊的紫外吸收,即在用254nm紫外光照射Ia的二氯甲烷溶液时,在9min内,与在THF溶液中相似,紫外可见光谱图中在497nm处出现了一个新的吸收峰,且随着光照时间的增加而吸收峰强度增大;然而当继续增加紫外光照时间时,吸收谱图中497nm处的吸收峰开始逐渐减弱,与此同时,在644nm处有一个新的吸收峰出现,且强度随着紫外光照时间的增加而吸收增强,最终在紫外光照60min后二者同时达到一个稳定的状态,此时溶液颜色有所加深,呈橙黄色(详见图3)。
作为对比,我们将式Ia所示化合物的THF溶液紫外光照时间同样延长至60min,未发现其吸收谱图有像图3一样的变化。
此外,又分别对式Ic、If、Ig和Ih所示化合物二氯甲烷溶液做了类似测试,均得到同样的结果(参见图4、图5、图6和图7)。
本发明发明人又将上述化合物的其它氯代烷溶液做了类似测试,也均得到同样的结果。
综上,本发明提供的三蝶烯衍生物在氯代烷溶剂中具有特有紫外收峰的性质,为其作为检测氯代烷的检测试剂奠定坚实的基础。
Claims (5)
1.一种三蝶烯衍生物,其为式Ⅰ所示化合物:
式Ⅰ中,R1~R6分别独立选自:氢或式Ⅱ所示基团,且R1~R6中至少有一个为式Ⅱ所示基团:
式Ⅱ中,R7~R12分别独立选自:氢,卤素,C1~C3烷基或苯基中一种。
2.如权利要求1所述三蝶烯衍生物,其特征在于,其中,R7,R8和R12分别独立选自:氢,卤素,C1~C3烷基或苯基中一种;R9,R10和R11分别独立选自:氢或卤素中一种。
3.如权利要求2所述三蝶烯衍生物,其特征在于,其中,R7,R8和R12分别独立选自:氢,Cl,甲基或苯基中一种;R9,R10和R11分别独立选自:氢或F中一种。
4.如权利要求2所述三蝶烯衍生物,其特征在于,所述三蝶烯衍生物为下列化合物中一种:
5.如权利要求1~4中任意一项所述三蝶烯衍生物作为检测卤代烷的检测试剂的用途。
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