The application is divisional application, the application number of original application: 2013100578089, the applying date: 2013-02-22, denomination of invention: inter-bank is from walking riding type tea picking machine and method of work thereof.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide and is a kind ofly suitable in the automatic harvesting, collection process of tealeaves, the larger Lao Ye of profile and base of leaf can be removed by Automatic sieve, again can Automatic sieve except the method for work of tea picking machine of disintegrating slag, to reduce the man-hour that subsequent artefacts screens required fresh leaf.
Present invention also offers a kind of can inter-bank, take, certainly walk, quality stability of picking tea-leaves, tea picking machine that efficiency of picking tea-leaves is higher.
The tea picking machine that the present invention proposes, comprising: mechanism of picking tea-leaves, for collecting the dark brownish green collecting mechanism of the tealeaves that this mechanism of picking tea-leaves plucks; This dark brownish green collecting mechanism comprises one for collecting the dark brownish green dark brownish green collecting bag with supporting frame.
This tea picking machine also comprises the dark brownish green screening mechanism be located at below described dark brownish green collecting bag bottom discharge mouth; This dark brownish green screening mechanism comprises screening framework, is located at the upper and lower screen cloth on this screening framework up and down; The mesh size of described upper screen cloth is suitable for sieving out blade and the base of leaf that length is greater than 3cm; The mesh size of described lower screen cloth is suitable for sieving out blade and the base of leaf that length is greater than 0.5cm.
Be provided with scroll wheel below the left end of described screening framework, the outer rim of this scroll wheel contiguous is fixed with the power transmission shaft parallel with the central shaft of this scroll wheel, and this power transmission shaft is flexibly connected with the bottom of this screening framework; Be snug fit at respectively by pulley on the slide rail of about a pair distribution bottom the right-hand member both sides of described screening framework.
When controlling described scroll wheel and rotating, described upper and lower screen cloth left and right fast reciprocating displacement, the upper and lower fast reciprocating displacement of the left end of this upper and lower screen cloth simultaneously, thus make the tealeaves on upper and lower screen cloth realize screening fast.
Described screening framework comprises the base plate be in below described lower screen cloth, the column that two couple being located at the both sides of this base plate is flexibly connected with the forward and backward frame of described upper and lower screen cloth respectively; One column of contiguous described upper and lower screen cloth right-hand member is right-hand member column, each right-hand member column comprises: be movably connected in two pairs of nuts on the forward and backward frame of described upper and lower screen cloth, screw mandrel before coordinating with a pair nut thread in the front bezel of described upper and lower screen cloth, the rear screw mandrel coordinated with a pair nut thread on the rear frame of described upper and lower screen cloth, is located at a pair motor for driving described forward and backward screw mandrel to rotate of side before and after described base plate; The Right Border of described upper and lower screen cloth is provided with discharging opening, and each discharging opening is provided with collecting bag; After described upper and lower screen cloth completes screening, open a pair described motor simultaneously, to be tilted to the right by described upper and lower screen cloth, thus the tealeaves on upper and lower screen cloth is entered each collecting bag fast.Described motor is electro-motor or hydraulic motor.
The bottom discharge mouth of described dark brownish green collecting bag is provided with the outlet valve for controlling timing discharging.
Rounded as the mesh on a kind of preferred upper and lower screen cloth, or upper and lower screen cloth adopts honeycombed screen plate, blocks to avoid upper and lower screen cloth.
The method of work of above-mentioned tea picking machine, it comprises:
The dark brownish green collecting bag of dark brownish green collecting mechanism sent into by the tealeaves plucked by A, mechanism of picking tea-leaves;
B, the outlet valve of opening on this dark brownish green collecting bag bottom discharge mouth, to deliver on upper screen cloth by the tealeaves in dark brownish green collecting bag, then close this outlet valve;
C, control described scroll wheel rotate, and drive described upper and lower screen cloth left and right fast reciprocating displacement by described screening framework, the upper and lower fast reciprocating displacement of the left end of this upper and lower screen cloth simultaneously, length is not more than the blade of 3cm and base of leaf drops down onto on lower screen cloth through upper screen cloth, and the disintegrating slag that length is not more than 0.5cm drops down onto on base plate through lower screen cloth;
After D, enforcement above-mentioned steps C reach 2-5 minute, control described upper and lower screen cloth and be tilted to the right, under the effect of described scroll wheel, the tealeaves on described upper and lower screen cloth enters each collecting bag (discharging opening that described disintegrating slag is suitable on the right side of described base plate is discharged) fast; Then control described upper and lower screen cloth and return to the initial position parallel with described base plate;
E, the outlet valve of opening on this dark brownish green collecting bag bottom discharge mouth, repeat above-mentioned steps B.
For solving above-mentioned second technical problem, the tea picking machine that the present invention proposes also comprises: the frame in " Jiong " shape, be connected to rubber caterpillar type fluid pressure underpan bottom this frame, be suitable for the crane be elevated inside described frame and the seat be fixed in frame; Described mechanism of picking tea-leaves is located on this crane.
To pick tea-leaves efficiency for improving further, described in mechanism of picking tea-leaves be located at the front of described frame, this mechanism of picking tea-leaves comprises: a pair in " ^ " shape distribution, be suitable for the cutter realizing the spiral-knife that double slanted is plucked.
As one preferred embodiment, described cutter comprises: the cutter shaft connected by shaft coupling with the output shaft of described bevel gear gearbox, to be connected to the multiple spiral hobbing cutter in this cutter shaft and to be located at the ledger-plate matched with each spiral hobbing cutter of spiral hobbing cutter lower end by spoke, described ledger-plate two ends are fixed on the bracing frame at described cutter two ends, and the outboard end bearing fit of cutter shaft is on this bracing frame.
As one preferred embodiment, pick tea-leaves described in the rear of mechanism is provided with the joining interface of described dark brownish green collecting bag;
As one preferred embodiment, described dark brownish green collecting mechanism comprises: be fixed on the blower fan in frame, the wind pushing box be connected with this blower fan, be distributed in the arc-like rows airduct parallel with described ledger-plate of this wind pushing box bottom, the air outlet of each arc-like rows airduct is relative with ledger-plate, and the wind that each arc-like rows airduct exports is suitable for the tealeaves that described mechanism of picking tea-leaves plucks to be blown into described dark brownish green collecting bag.
As preferably, described rubber caterpillar type chassis travels track rail assemblies by two and forms, and track rail assembly is by the fluid motor-driven being installed on crawler belt crossbeam rear end, and crawler belt crossbeam both sides have stretches out connector and be connected with crawler belt upper guard board.
As preferably, described frame is welded by round steel and square steel, and described frame cross section is " Jiong " shape, and lower end, frame both sides is welded on respectively on two crawler belt upper guard boards and forms complete machine overall structure.
As preferably, described elevating mechanism comprises four slideways be installed on four root posts of frame two middle side part and rear portion, can the slide block of movement in slideway, sprocket wheel, chain drive, crane and the angle cleat of framework and dark brownish green collecting mechanism are plucked in carrying.Four root post tops are provided with sprocket wheel, bottom is provided with duplicate sprocket, every root post there is driving chain between lower sprocket, a synchronous sprocket wheel is respectively had between the duplicate sprocket of the two root post lower ends on left side and right side, slide block, elevating chain and crane link together by described angle steel, described crane is " ^ " shape angle steel welded framework identical with cutter setting angle, and described skeleton surface coverage iron sheet, described iron sheet and angle steel skeleton are with screw attachment.
As preferably, described power and transmission system comprise two large divisions.Part I comprises the petrol engine being installed on upper back on the right side of frame, the petrol tank of engine bottom, be installed on the hydraulic oil container of rear lower on the left of frame, be installed on the belt transmission system of frame front upper, hydraulic system, power gives Dual-fan and hydraulic pump respectively by tape handler, and power is transported to running motor and plucks motor by hydraulic pump; Part II comprises the battery, motor and the reductor that are installed on frame front upper left quarter, the turbine and worm decelerator be attached thereto, battery drive motor, by the sprocket wheel on left and right pillar top, worm-gear speed reducer drive chassis front, and then drive elevating mechanism motion.
As preferably, described hydraulic system comprises three primary circuit, i.e. ridden in left or right direction loop and mechanism's drive circuit of picking tea-leaves.Mainly comprise integrated variable pump, driving motors, harvesting CD-ROM drive motor, hydraulic oil container, harvesting motor control valve and other hydraulic services.Preferably, left and right rows walking system adopts variable pump variable displacement motor enclosed volume speed-modulating loop.
As preferably, described picking mechanism is installed on crane front, comprise cutter that be the distribution of " ^ " shape for a pair, that be suitable for realizing the spiral-knife that double slanted is plucked, bevel gear gearbox cutter transmission coordinated with this, and the CD-ROM drive motor be connected with this bevel gear gearbox; Described cutter comprises: the cutter shaft connected by shaft coupling with the output shaft of described bevel gear gearbox, to be connected to the multiple spiral hobbing cutter in this cutter shaft and to be located at the ledger-plate matched with each spiral hobbing cutter of spiral hobbing cutter lower end by spoke, described ledger-plate two ends are fixed on the bracing frame at described cutter two ends, and the outboard end bearing fit of cutter shaft is on this bracing frame.
As preferably, described dark brownish green collecting mechanism comprises the lightweight air draft plastic flexible pipe being fixedly installed in the Dual-fan in the middle part of frame front upper place, the wind pushing box being installed on cutter front on crane, connecting fan exhaust outlet and wind pushing box upper end air inlet, two square tube shape dark brownish green collecting bag connecting ports, the dark brownish green collecting bags be enclosed within square tubular connecting port being positioned at two cutter rear portions on crane.Described wind pushing box bottom has along the evenly distributed arc air-supply pipe of ledger-plate longitudinal direction, the ledger-plate of a little higher than cutter of pipe air outlet, described square tube shape dark brownish green collecting bag connecting port afterbody is welded with little hook, and described dark brownish green some grid of collecting bag bag body, sack has connecting rope.
As preferably, described electrically and hydraulic control system comprise engine start switch loop, throttle adjustment linkage, electromagnetic switching clutch loop, variable pump regulates control mechanism, pluck motor control lever mechanism, lifting DC MOTOR CONTROL switching circuitry, the battery installed hoistway upper and lower limit bit switch on left side central portion column and be installed in frame.
Other annexes described comprise driving engine band protective cover, sprocket wheel protective cover, transmission system protective cover etc.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) tea picking machine of the present invention adopts dark brownish green screening mechanism, self-timing, by batch sieving the tealeaves that enters in dark brownish green collecting bag, can screen out the larger Lao Ye of profile and base of leaf, can screen out disintegrating slag again, decreasing the man-hour that subsequent artefacts screens required fresh leaf.Wherein, adopt scroll wheel to drive described upper and lower screen cloth left and right fast reciprocating displacement, can tealeaves be sieved; Meanwhile, scroll wheel is suitable for the upper and lower fast reciprocating displacement of left end driving described upper and lower screen cloth, and then makes the tealeaves on upper and lower screen cloth realize turning over work of quivering, and is beneficial to quick screening further, avoids upper and lower screen cloth to occur blocking.
(2) tea picking machine of the present invention has running gear, can take, and improves operating speed, operation height uniformity and quality of picking tea-leaves, alleviates labor intensity of operating staff.Round steel and square steel are welded into frame, and quality is little, and intensity is high.Tea picking machine employing " Jiong " type frame may extend across tea canopy and carries out picking tea-leaves operation.
(3) crane drives mechanism's lifting of picking tea-leaves, and can regulate the height of mechanism of picking tea-leaves in operation process according to the growing way of tea tree at any time, and namely gap can dynamic adjustments on a large scale, and operation is plucked in the tea place meeting physical features injustice.
(4) frame there are hoistway and slide block, wherein the upper and lower limit switches of a slideway, make elevating mechanism be elevated steady, accurate, safety.Synchronous sprocket wheel can make four groups of elevating chain chain-wheel mechanism energy synchronization liftings, ensure that the levelness of mechanism's lifting of picking tea-leaves.
(5) cutter of the present invention " ^ " is the distribution of " ^ " shape, is formed and to pick tea-leaves face to " ^ " shape of tea tree, is suitable for increase and picks tea-leaves output.
(6) fluid motor-driven is picked tea-leaves mechanism, adopts flexible hydraulic hose can realize cutter and is elevated flexibly with jacking system.Traveling crawler adopts Closed Hydraulic Driving loop, and compact conformation, light quality, transmission efficiency is high, can realize infinitely variable speeds.Adopt rubber belt track, have certain climbing capacity, quality is light, and soil compression degree is little, little to tea root growth effect.
(7) inter-bank of the present invention is taken self-propelled tea picking machine and directly can be sailed tea place into across the operation of tea canopy, whole process is only by driver's one man operation, work of picking tea-leaves liberated from heavy manual labor out, its job stabilization, continuity are good, simple to operate flexible, time saving and energy saving, and high flexible of picking tea-leaves in operation process is adjustable, becomes " ^ " shape to coordinate two the spiral-knife cutters installed can tea face, extraction " ^ " two slope, increase tea yield.Tea picking machine operating efficiency of the present invention is high, picks tea-leaves highly consistent, can not only increase tea yield, can also improve machine and to pick tea-leaves leaf quality, is applicable to flat slope and has the operation of picking tea-leaves in gentle slope (being less than 25 °) drilling tea place.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one
The inter-bank of the present embodiment is from walking riding type tea picking machine, as shown in Figure 1-2, it comprise chassis system 1, machine frame system 2, power and transmission system 3, hydraulic pressure assembly 4, pick tea-leaves mechanism 5 and jacking system 6, dark brownish green collecting mechanism 7, electric control system 8 and parton systematic protection cover etc.
Frame 2 left and right sides round steel lower weld on 1-2, forms tea picking machine general frame on the crawler belt upper guard board of the left and right track rail assembly 1-1 on chassis 1.
Engine 3-2 is arranged in frame 2, and petrol tank 3-1 is arranged on the right side of frame 2, and be positioned at immediately below engine 3-2, pulley power transmission system is installed on middle front part above frame 2, respectively by power transmission to Dual-fan 7-1 and three hydraulic pump 4-1; The anterior upper left corner of frame 2 is provided with battery, and in frame 2, place to the left, front is provided with motor and worm and gear speed adjusting gear, and worm screw two ends connect with the sprocket wheel at central rack left and right pillar top, drives left and right elevating chain.
Three hydraulic pump 4-1 are contained in frame 2 front upper right, hydraulic oil container is arranged on below frame 2 left rear side, be positioned on crawler guard board 1-2, pluck the upper front left part that motor control valve 4-3 and pump lever 4-4 is arranged on frame 2, be positioned at pilot set front, in driving motors 4-5 track rail assembly, pluck motor be positioned at be fixed on described jacking system above mechanism of picking tea-leaves crane 6-4 on.
Frame 2 left and right sides postmedian four root post is welded with slideway 6-3, and column top and be provided with sprocket wheel, bottom is provided with duplicate sprocket, same column upper top sprocket wheel is connected by chain with bottom duplicate sprocket, connected by synchronization chain between the column bottom duplicate sprocket of the same side, the corner of described crane 6-4 is connected with the slide block in chain, slideway 6-3 respectively by angle steel, and left side central portion slideway upper and lower side is provided with limit switch, limits the extreme position of crane.
Two spiral-knife cutter 5-1 become " ^ " shape to be arranged on crane 6-4 front in horizontal perpendicular, described " ^ " angle is identical with crane angle, crane front end is provided with ledger-plate 5 and coordinates with cutter 5-1, described two cutter abutting ends are provided with bevel gear gearbox, the output shaft of this bevel gear gearbox is connected with cutter shaft by shaft coupling, and the input of bevel gear gearbox connects with the output shaft of hydraulic motor.
The Dual-fan 7-1 of dark brownish green collecting mechanism 7 is fixed on front upper place in the middle part of frame 2, and duplex wind pushing box 7-3 on crane 6-4, is arranged in the front (on the left of figure mono-machine, wind pushing box does not draw) of mechanism of picking tea-leaves by Interal fixation; Dual-fan is connected by thin-walled plastic flexible hose 7-2 with duplex wind pushing box.Wind pushing box bottom is evenly equipped with the arc-like rows airduct 7-4 parallel with described ledger-plate, and the air outlet of arc-like rows airduct 7-4 is relative with ledger-plate, and the rear of mechanism of picking tea-leaves is provided with the joining interface of dark brownish green collecting bag, and interface afterbody is welded with dark brownish green collecting bag and fixes cleek.The wind that arc-like rows airduct 7-4 exports is suitable for the tealeaves that described spiral hobbing cutter and ledger-plate cut to be blown into described dark brownish green collecting bag.
Electric control system.The switch of engine and electromagnetic clutch is arranged on the manipulation plate of left front, frame 2 top, by the storage battery power supply be arranged in frame 2.
As Fig. 7, the vertical direction of motor is converted to the rotation of the horizontal direction of jackshaft II by bevel gear L1 and L2 cooperatively interacted, horizontally rotating of jackshaft II is converted to the output shaft III angled with axle II and the rotary motion of axle IV by two couples of bevel gear L3, L5 cooperatively interacted and bevel gear L4, L6, ensures to pluck fresh leaf along " ^ " shape double slanted tea face.
Described spiral-knife cutter uses in pairs, comprises two couples of screw blade Q1, cutter shaft Q2, middle part spoke Q3, two ends spoke Q4, ledger-plate 5, two ends rigid bearing mounting Q6, bearing Q7, bevel gear gearbox Q8, shaft coupling Q9.One end that described cutter both ends spoke Q4 is connected with axle bounces back in the middle part of cutter, makes speed-changing gear box end can embed cutter inside, ensures that the knife plate end that pairing uses is adjacent, forms " ^ " type combination cutter.Be hydraulic motor 10 above gear, described motor output shaft is connected by shaft coupling and described bevel gear box power shaft.Described " ^ " combines before and after in the middle part of cutter central tooth wheel-speed regulating change box casing all strip junction steel plate with threaded hole, can be fixedly connected with the horizontal angle steel 6-6 on crane 6-4.
During use, before ato unit, guarantee that variable pump control stick is in meta, pluck motor control valve and be in meta, disconnect electromagnetic clutch, guarantee engine No Load Start.Control pump control stick, controls the walking of tea picking machine.Enter tea place when starting to pluck operation, first according to the height of tea tree and the requirement to tealeaves, regulated the height and position of crane by DC MOTOR CONTROL button, make the plucking shears of crane front end be in suitable plucking height; Secondly, started by hydraulic control valve and pluck motor, drive spiral-knife cutter, prepare to pluck tealeaves; Then, open electromagnetic clutch button, engine power is delivered to blower fan by belt transmission system, dark brownish green collecting mechanism is started working; Finally, control tea picking machine with required cutter machine speed ratio and pace, advance along tea tree row.Tea picking machine is fluffy across tea, two track rail assembly apportion tea tree both sides, and spiral-knife cutter is positioned at tea tree Peng Ding, adopts lower bud-leaf with suitable speed, and the wind that blower fan is discharged is discharged by ajutage, is blown in netted collecting bag by tealeaves.By the height of motor switch easy adjustment crane in operation process, adapt to the tea tree that growing way is different, to ensure the quality of picked tea-leaves leaf.
Embodiment 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, the tea picking machine of the present embodiment, also comprises the dark brownish green screening mechanism 13 be located at below described dark brownish green collecting bag 7-6 bottom discharge mouth; This dark brownish green screening mechanism 13 comprises screening framework 131, is located at the upper screen cloth 132 on this screening framework 131, lower screen cloth 133 up and down; The mesh size of described upper screen cloth 132 is suitable for sieving out blade and the base of leaf that length is greater than 3cm; The mesh size of described lower screen cloth 133 is suitable for sieving out blade and the base of leaf that length is greater than 0.5cm.
Be provided with scroll wheel 134 below the left end of described screening framework 131, the outer rim of this scroll wheel 134 contiguous is fixed with the power transmission shaft parallel with the central shaft of this scroll wheel 134, and this power transmission shaft is flexibly connected with the bottom of this screening framework 131; Be snug fit at respectively by pulley 130 on the slide rail 135 of about a pair distribution bottom the right-hand member both sides of described screening framework 131.
When adopt another CD-ROM drive motor control described scroll wheel 134 rotate time, described upper and lower screen cloth left and right fast reciprocating displacement, the upper and lower fast reciprocating displacement of the left end of this upper and lower screen cloth simultaneously, thus make tealeaves on upper and lower screen cloth realize screening fast.
Described screening framework 131 comprises the base plate 136 be in below described lower screen cloth 133, the column that two couple being located at the both sides of this base plate 136 is flexibly connected with the forward and backward frame of described upper and lower screen cloth respectively; One column of contiguous described upper and lower screen cloth left end is left end column 1312, and left end column 1312 is bolted with the front bezel of described upper and lower screen cloth; One column of contiguous described upper and lower screen cloth right-hand member is right-hand member column 137, each right-hand member column 137 comprises: be movably connected in two pairs of nuts 138 on the forward and backward frame of described upper and lower screen cloth, screw mandrel 139 before coordinating with a pair nut thread in the front bezel of described upper and lower screen cloth, the rear screw mandrel coordinated with a pair nut thread on the rear frame of described upper and lower screen cloth, is located at a pair motor 1310 for driving described forward and backward screw mandrel to rotate of side before and after described base plate 136; The Right Border of described upper and lower screen cloth is provided with discharging opening, and each discharging opening is provided with collecting bag 1311; After described upper and lower screen cloth completes screening, open described a pair motor 1310 simultaneously, to be tilted to the right by described upper and lower screen cloth, thus the tealeaves on upper and lower screen cloth is entered each collecting bag 1311 fast.Described motor 1310 is electro-motor or hydraulic motor.
The bottom discharge mouth of described dark brownish green collecting bag 7-6 is provided with the outlet valve 7-7 for controlling timing discharging.Outlet valve 7-7 is the magnetic valve adopting PLC to control, and described a pair motor 1310 also adopts PLC to control, to realize automation timing controlled.
Rounded as the mesh on a kind of preferred upper and lower screen cloth, or upper and lower screen cloth adopts honeycombed screen plate, blocks to avoid upper and lower screen cloth.
The method of work of above-mentioned tea picking machine, it comprises:
The dark brownish green collecting bag of dark brownish green collecting mechanism sent into by the tealeaves plucked by A, mechanism of picking tea-leaves;
B, the outlet valve 7-7 opened on this dark brownish green collecting bag 7-6 bottom discharge mouth, to deliver on upper screen cloth 132 by the tealeaves in dark brownish green collecting bag, then close this outlet valve 7-7;
C, control described scroll wheel 134 and rotate, and drive described upper and lower screen cloth left and right fast reciprocating displacement by described screening framework 131, the upper and lower fast reciprocating displacement of the left end of this upper and lower screen cloth simultaneously, length is not more than the blade of 3cm and base of leaf drops down onto on lower screen cloth 133 through upper screen cloth 132, and the disintegrating slag that length is not more than 0.5cm drops down onto on base plate 136 through lower screen cloth;
After D, enforcement above-mentioned steps C reach 2-5 minute, control described upper and lower screen cloth to be tilted to the right, under the effect of described scroll wheel 134, the tealeaves on described upper and lower screen cloth enters disintegrating slag described in each collecting bag 1311(fast and is suitable for discharging opening on the right side of described base plate 136 and discharges); Then control described upper and lower screen cloth and return to the initial position parallel with described base plate 136;
E, the outlet valve 7-7 opened on this dark brownish green collecting bag 7-6 bottom discharge mouth, repeat above-mentioned steps B.