CN104521648A - Southern indica rice fertilizer-saving planting method with group artificial regulation - Google Patents
Southern indica rice fertilizer-saving planting method with group artificial regulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN104521648A CN104521648A CN201410717747.9A CN201410717747A CN104521648A CN 104521648 A CN104521648 A CN 104521648A CN 201410717747 A CN201410717747 A CN 201410717747A CN 104521648 A CN104521648 A CN 104521648A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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Abstract
The invention relates to a southern indica rice fertilizer-saving planting method with group artificial regulation. According to the invention, during paddy rice transplanting or cast transplanting, the number of seedlings in a current field is appropriately increased, such that paddy rice early-stage group is artificially regulated, wherein the relationship between the artificially regulated paddy rice early-stage group and saved fertilizer amount is as the following: Y=(a-b)*[0.57 per thousand+(0.5-X) per thousand]. In the formula, Y is the amount of savable fertilizer, and the unit for Y is Kg; a is the paddy rice seedling number after artificial regulation, wherein the unit for a is seedling/Mu; b is the seedling number of prior arts, wherein the unit for b is seedling/Mu; and X is the level of paddy rice variety tillering capacity. According to different paddy rice varieties, the tillering capacity is divided into 5 levels, wherein level 0.1 stands for a variety with very strong tillering capacity, level 0.3 stands for a variety with relatively strong tillering capacity, level 0.5 stands for a variety with moderate tillering capacity, level 0.7 stands for a variety with relatively weak tillering capacity, and level 0.9 stands for a variety with very weak tillering capacity. With the method provided by the invention, ineffective tillering is greatly reduced, ear-bearing tiller percentage is improved, and early rice growth period is shortened. With the method, paddy rice sustainable high yield is facilitated, and rice field and water source environmental protection is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to proportion of crop planting technical field, be specifically related to a kind of southern double rice cropping system and save fertile implantation methods by the Indica Rice of artificial regulatory colony.
Background technology
According to investigations, 1984 to 1994, China's fertilizer amount increased by 90.7%, and grain yield only increases by 9.5%; China in 2012 average Fertilization Level of ploughing is 66.5kg/ mu, and the whole world average Fertilization Level of ploughing is 21.2kg/ mu, and China's average Fertilization Level of ploughing is 33% of world average.At present, China's fertilising rate is higher than the world's on average fertilising rate, but chemical fertilizer utilization ratio is lower, on average only have 30%-35%, and the utilization rate of fertilizer of World Developed Countries is more than 60%, that is, there is the loss of chemical fertilizer of more than 1,000 ten thousand tons every year, wherein the highest with loss of nitrogen fertilizer rate.This is the wasting of resources not only, causes huge economic loss, affects agricultural production, and produces pollution to environment, all works the mischief to soil, air, water source and health.As can be seen here, in the application of chemical fertilizer, if do not note applying fertilizers scientifically, problems such as can causing the environmental pollution of soil, air, fertilising decline in benefits, soil fertility declines, topsoil shoals, preserve moisture and fertility ability declines, the difficulty that hardens of soil is ploughed, the nutrient of fertilising is inharmonious, quality of agricultural product is affected, a series of consequence of degradation under peasant's input-output ratio, thus the sustainable development of impact agricultural.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: solve above-mentioned prior art Problems existing; and provide a kind of Indica Rice by artificial regulatory colony to save fertile implantation methods; minimizing fertilizer amount effectively and reasonably; significantly reduce by invalid point of taro; improve the percentage of earbearing tiller; shorten early rice breeding time, favourable paddy rice Sustainable high yield and rice field, water source environment protection, promote Rice Cropping to efficient, precisely and the future development of sustainable agriculture.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
Save a fertile implantation methods by the Indica Rice of artificial regulatory colony, at rice transplanting or when throwing cultivation, suitably increase Honda seedling number, artificial regulatory paddy rice colony in early stage, saves fertilizing amount, increase rice yield; Described artificial regulatory paddy rice colony in early stage is as follows with the relation of saving fertilizing amount:
Y﹦(a－b)×[0.57‰+(0.5－X)‰]
In formula, Y for fertilizing amount can be saved, unit K g; A is rice seedlings number after artificial regulatory, and unit is seedling/mu; B is the seedling number of prior art, and unit is seedling/mu; X represents that rice varieties divides the size of taro ability, taro ability is divided to be divided into 5 grades according to rice varieties, the kind that 0.1 grade of representative point taro is very capable, the kind that 0.3 grade of representative point taro ability is stronger, the kind that 0.5 grade of representative point taro ability is moderate, the kind that 0.7 grade of representative point taro ability is more weak, the kind that 0.9 grade of representative point taro ability is very weak, therefore, X ﹦ 0.1 or 0.3,0.5,0.7,0.9.
In technique scheme, the difference (a-b) after artificial regulatory between rice seedlings number and prior art seedling number controls to be advisable at 2000-5000 seedlings/mu.
In technique scheme, preferably, while adopting the inventive method to execute ear manuer, carry out Deep irrigation and disease pest and weed control.
In technique scheme, described fertilizer is that purity nitrogen is fertile.
The dynamic management principle that the inventive method is followed " selection kind is short tillers, final singling Shuo Jian colony, joint nitrogenous fertilizer increase benefit ", it includes in fact the content of following 4 aspects: 1. rice varieties selection, 2. increase Honda basic seedling amount, 3. accurately calculate savable fertilizer amount, 4. Deep irrigation, in time prevention and control damage by disease and insect by above-mentioned formula.
Rice seedling is significant to the formation of foundation to later stage high yield of tillering regularity colony, and the absorptive amount of this section of paddy rice in period to Fertilizer nutrient accounts for the 26%-30% absorbing total amount the time of infertility, supplements mainly through base manure and tillering fertilizer.Honda basic seedling amount number and the quality of seedling quality be the key factor determining colony quality in seedling stage, for can construct yielding Populations in seedling stage, Rice Cropping person conventional process is exactly add fertilizer, urgees tiller, by fertile upgrading with nitrogen.Though use the method to realize rice high yield, if things go on like this, the excessive of fertilizer uses not only waste seriously, but also pollutes rice field and water source.The paddy rice of artificial regulatory colony saves the principle that fertile implantation methods utilizes " with seedling for nitrogen, by seedling increasing tiller ", according to breediness, calculated by precision, suitable increase Honda seedling number, thus make not single the depending on of the formation of yielding Populations enrich fertilizer, but more dependence increases Honda basic seedling amount, the method not only significantly decreases ineffective tillering, improve the percentage of earbearing tiller, also effectively improve utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer and rice quality.
Increase on the basis of identical basic seedling amount at Honda, if the tillering ability of rice varieties is stronger or more weak, then savable fertilizer amount is corresponding improves or reduces, the tillering ability of the rice varieties of namely choosing seeds often shifts to an earlier date (or reduction) 1 grade, and savable fertilizer amount then correspondingly increases (or minimizing) Honda and increases 0.2 ‰ of seedling number.Such as, if the stronger kind of a tillering ability, tradition seedling number is 18000 seedlings/mu, is 21000 seedlings/mu after artificial regulatory, then can save fertilizer to measure=(21000-18000) × [0.57 ‰+(0.5-0.3) ‰)]=2.31kg purity nitrogen/mu;
In addition, rice tillering contains phase leaf transpiration amount greatly, and metabolic is vigorous, therefore needs Deep irrigation; Meanwhile, because colony's permeability in this is poor in period, the forecast and control work of disease, worm, crop smothering to be carried out in time, guarantee rice high yield high-quality.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The first, prior art builds paddy rice yielding Populations in early stage mainly through blindly adding tillering fertilizer, and its topdressing amount is difficult to grasp, and often cause postpone vegetative growth phase, ineffective tillering increases, and seedling quality is not high.This practical technique, according to rice plant of tillering stage informative population Formation and characteristics, by manually increasing transplanted seedling number and reducing fertilizer amount, significantly decreases ineffective tillering, improves the percentage of earbearing tiller;
The second, different rice varieties tillering ability is different, and prior art no matter kind tillering ability is strong and weak, thousand times same same fertilizer application norm of use, scientifically do not propose rate of fertilizer computational methods accurately according to breediness.This practical approach by rice varieties being divided into 5 tillering ability rank order, and combining and artificial increases seedling regulation and control colony, effectively and reasonably decrease fertilizer amount;
3rd, this practical approach, while effectively improving utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer and rice quality, also effectively shortens early rice ?breeding time 35 days, for double rush for harvesting and sowing busy farming season has striven for the quality time; On the other hand, this practical approach decreases fertilizer amount under the prerequisite ensureing yield and quality, is significant to the protection of the environment such as rice field, water source.
In a word, rely on rice cropping experience for many years, and with a large amount of field trial for foundation, for the current fertilizer blindly excessive problem used, the present inventor proposes a kind of Indica Rice by artificial regulatory colony and saves fertile implantation methods.The method has science, reliability and safety, all has important guiding effect to paddy rice Sustainable high yield and environmental protection, contributes to promoting China's Rice Cropping to future development that is efficient, accurate, sustainable agriculture.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Test site: Changsha
For rice varieties Hunan early No. 45, the Xian that point taro ability is more weak, its point of taro ability is the fourth estate 0.7, Honda basic seedling amount 20000 seedlings/mu under existing culture technique condition, use the fertile 10.5Kg/ mu of purity nitrogen, after adopting the inventive method, being increased to Honda seedling number is 24000 seedlings/mu, then can save pure amount of nitrogenous fertilizer Y=(24000 ?20000) × [0.57 ‰+(0.5-0.7) ‰)]=1.48Kg purity nitrogen fertilizer/mu.
Embodiment 2:
Test site: Changsha
For excellent No. 819 of the rice varieties strain two that point taro ability is stronger, its point of taro ability is the second grade 0.3, under existing culture technique condition, Honda basic seedling amount 19000 seedlings/mu, uses the fertile 11Kg/ mu of purity nitrogen, rice yield 416.4Kg, after adopting the inventive method, being increased to Honda seedling number is 22000 seedlings/mu, uses pure amount of nitrogenous fertilizer 8.69Kg/ mu, rice yield 437.1Kg/ mu; Hinge structure joint nitrogen 21%, hinge structure increasing production of rice 5%.
From above-mentioned test, can obviously find out, compared with local prior art, the inventive method saves amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer while raising rice yield.
Embodiment 3:
Test site: Changsha
For rice varieties Hunan No. 12, the Xian in evening that point taro ability is moderate, its point of taro ability is the tertiary gradient 0.5, under existing culture technique condition, Honda basic seedling amount 17000 seedlings/mu, uses the fertile 13Kg/ mu of purity nitrogen, rice yield 432.8Kg, after adopting the inventive method, being increased to Honda seedling number is 20000 seedlings/mu, uses pure amount of nitrogenous fertilizer 11.32Kg/ mu, rice yield 458.9Kg/ mu; Hinge structure joint nitrogen 12.9%, hinge structure increasing production of rice 8.3%.
From above-mentioned test, can obviously find out, compared with local prior art, the inventive method improves rice yield while saving amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer.
Embodiment 4:
Listing 5 kinds of representative rice varieties below adopts the inventive method to save the calculating of fertilizing amount:
Y: fertile amount (kg) can be saved, a: seedling number after artificial regulatory, b: the seedling number of prior art.
Claims (4)
1. save a fertile implantation methods by the Indica Rice of artificial regulatory colony, it is characterized in that, at rice transplanting or when throwing cultivation, suitably increase Honda seedling number, artificial regulatory paddy rice colony in early stage, saves fertilizing amount, increase rice yield; Described artificial regulatory paddy rice colony in early stage is as follows with the relation of saving fertilizing amount:
Y﹦(a－b)×[0.57‰+(0.5－X)‰]
In formula, Y for fertilizing amount can be saved, unit K g; A is rice seedlings number after artificial regulatory, and unit is seedling/mu; B is the seedling number of prior art, and unit is seedling/mu; X represents that rice varieties divides the size of taro ability, taro ability is divided to be divided into 5 grades according to rice varieties, the kind that 0.1 grade of representative point taro is very capable, the kind that 0.3 grade of representative point taro ability is stronger, the kind that 0.5 grade of representative point taro ability is moderate, the kind that 0.7 grade of representative point taro ability is more weak, the kind that 0.9 grade of representative point taro ability is very weak, therefore, X ﹦ 0.1 or 0.3,0.5,0.7,0.9.
2. the Indica Rice by artificial regulatory colony according to claim 1 saves fertile implantation methods, it is characterized in that, the difference (a-b) after artificial regulatory between rice seedlings number and prior art seedling number controls to be advisable at 2000-5000 seedlings/mu.
3. the Indica Rice by artificial regulatory colony according to claim 1 saves fertile implantation methods, it is characterized in that, preferably, while adopting the inventive method to execute ear manuer, carries out Deep irrigation and disease pest and weed control.
4. the Indica Rice by artificial regulatory colony according to claim 1 saves fertile implantation methods, it is characterized in that, described fertilizer is that purity nitrogen is fertile.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105379490A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-03-09 | 湖南省水稻研究所 | Ear-controlling, grain-increasing and seed-toughening efficient fertilization method of large-ear type ultrahigh-yield rice variety |
Citations (3)
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| JPH1056882A (en) * | 1996-06-18 | 1998-03-03 | Suomen Rehu Oy | Fertilization to soil for cultivation crop |
| CN103518450A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-01-22 | 湖南省水稻研究所 | Earing fertilizer application method for paddy rice large-area balanced yield increase |
| CN103651028A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-26 | 四川农业大学 | Water-saving fertilizer-saving control method adopting optimal rice thin planting and straw mulching |
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2014
- 2014-12-01 CN CN201410717747.9A patent/CN104521648B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1056882A (en) * | 1996-06-18 | 1998-03-03 | Suomen Rehu Oy | Fertilization to soil for cultivation crop |
| CN103518450A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-01-22 | 湖南省水稻研究所 | Earing fertilizer application method for paddy rice large-area balanced yield increase |
| CN103651028A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-26 | 四川农业大学 | Water-saving fertilizer-saving control method adopting optimal rice thin planting and straw mulching |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 张玉烛等: "水稻节氮增苗栽培技术与示范", 《作物研究》 * |
| 李超等: "增苗节氮对早稻抛秧群体生物学特性及产量的影响", 《中国生态农业学报》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105379490A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-03-09 | 湖南省水稻研究所 | Ear-controlling, grain-increasing and seed-toughening efficient fertilization method of large-ear type ultrahigh-yield rice variety |
| CN105379490B (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2018-05-08 | 湖南省水稻研究所 | A kind of large spike Rice Variety with Super-high-yield control fringe increases grain and strengthens seed Efficient fertilization method |
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Inventor after: Liu Yang Inventor after: Chen Kailin Inventor after: Zhang Yuzhu Inventor after: Li Chao Inventor after: Fang Baohua Inventor after: Chen Lini Inventor after: Zhou Xueqi Inventor before: Liu Yang Inventor before: Chen Kailin Inventor before: Zhang Yuzhu Inventor before: Fang Baohua Inventor before: Li Chao |
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