CN104521575A - Peach grafted seedling culturing type planting method - Google Patents
Peach grafted seedling culturing type planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104521575A CN104521575A CN201410836135.1A CN201410836135A CN104521575A CN 104521575 A CN104521575 A CN 104521575A CN 201410836135 A CN201410836135 A CN 201410836135A CN 104521575 A CN104521575 A CN 104521575A
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- stock
- peach
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0237—Devices for protecting a specific part of a plant, e.g. roots, trunk or fruits
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G3/00—Cutting implements specially adapted for horticultural purposes; Delimbing standing trees
- A01G2003/005—Removing buds
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a peach grafted seedling culturing type planting method. The method comprises the following steps of S1, preparing stock trees and leveling wound surfaces, wherein fertilizer is applied to the stock trees before grafting, and the peach stock trees are sawed off, and the center of the wound surface of each stock tree is longitudinally cut once; S2, cutting scions flat, wherein development branches, long fruit braches and middle fruit branches with two-year-old branch sections are cut off from the middle portions and the upper portions of the peripheries of crowns of adult peach stock plants which grow robustly and are high in yield and excellent in quality, the cut wound surfaces of the scions are smooth, buds which are full, have small piths and are free of disease and pest damage are selected, stem grafting scions should be collected 20-30 days before sprouting or after leaves fall in the last year, the collected scions are placed in an underground cave at the temperature ranging from 0 to 5 DEG C or a shady place, the highest temperature is not higher than 8 DEG C, and the scions are buried in wed sand with the relative humidity of 70%; S3, embedding the scions into the stock trees, wherein the cut scions are inserted into the notches of the stock trees; S4, covering the scions with thin films, wherein the multipurpose polyethylene thin films are wrapped on the scions, firstly, a wide single-layer thin film is wrapped on sawn openings completely, the notches are held to prevent the scions from moving up and down and moving left and right, and then the thin films are tightly bound to the peripheries of the notches.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant graft technical field, particularly a kind of peach graft seedling growth implantation methods.
Background technology
Grafting, one of artificial alimentation propagation method of plant.Namely, the branch of a Plants or bud, in grafting to the stem or root of another kind of plant, two parts be connected together are made to grow up to a complete plant.The mode of grafting is divided into scion grafting and bud grafting.The formation layer of scion and stock should be made when connecing to combine closely, to guarantee that scion survives.The branch connected or bud, be called scion, by the plant corpus connect, is called stock or platform wood.Generally select the seedling of tool 2 to 4 buds during scion, after grafting, become top or the top of plant corpus; The root system part of plant corpus is become after stock grafting.
In production practices process, grafting, to the raising of economic worth, also has very many examples: as common metasequoia, is worth unitary; And by grafting means, after cultivating into gold leaf metasequoia, economic worth improves more than 20 times; For another example common Ligustrum lucidum Ait, is worth a few mao; And by the means of grafting, after cultivating into color leaf hardwood tree, its economic worth is more up to nearly a hundred times.Still this is visible, and grafting is to the improvement of kind, and the raising of economic worth has first very important meaning.
The breeding meaning that grafting does not produce seed bearing fruit tree (as persimmon, some kinds of oranges and tangerines) to some is great.Grafting can keep the merit of scion variety, can utilize again the advantageous feature of stock, reaches precocity fruiting, strengthens the ability of cold resistance, drought resistance, disease and insect resistance, can also economic utilization propagating materials, increase nursery stock quantity.Be usually used in the breeding of fruit tree, forest, flowers; Also for gourd vegetables nursery.Grafting divides scion grafting and the large class of bud grafting two, and the former is advisable with spring and autumn, especially higher with survival rate in spring.The latter was advisable with summer.
At present, for the grafting and breeding of peach due to by the impact of many factors, graft survival rate is often very low, and does not cultivate and a kind ofly see the dual-purpose peach kind of food.
Summary of the invention
The peach graft seedling growth implantation methods that the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of graft survival rate high.
A kind of peach graft seedling growth implantation methods, it comprises the steps:
Tree prepares for S1, stock: stock tree is wild peach tree, before grafting before grafting, irrigates stock 1-3 days with fertilizer; Every 1000g fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following weight: ammonium nitrate 0.1-0.2g, potassium nitrate 0.1-0.2g, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) 0.1-0.2g, urea 0.2-0.4g, nitrate of lime 0.05-0.08g, magnesium sulfate 0.01-0.02g, ferrous sulfate 0.05-0.08g, boric acid 0.002-0.006g, manganese sulphate 0.003-0.005g, copper sulphate 0.003-0.005g, stalk are 500g, and surplus is water;
Sawed-off at 0.8-1.1m place, ground for wild peach tree stock tree, the diameter that stock is set is 15-20cm; According to bifurcated situation and angle at the At The Height of overhead 70-80cm by the sawed-off surface of a wound by grafting knife equating, split a cutter the center of the stock tree surface of a wound is vertical, split long 2.5 to the 3cm of mouth, the degree of depth is 2.5-4cm, splits mouth V-shaped;
S2, scabble scion: clip robust growth, high yield, colory growing up eats in peach maternal plant tree crown periphery, the developmental branch on top, long fruit branch and the medium fruit branch with 2 years raw branch sections, the surface of a wound of scion clip is smooth, choose full, medulla is little, the sprout of anosis worm harm, scion grafting scion should before germination 20-30 days or gather after fall foliage in the first year, in the ground kiln being put in 0-5 degree after adopting or shady and cool place, the highest can not more than 8 DEG C, bury with relative moisture 70% sand that wets, cut off after scion being taken out before grafting, cut and stay about length 20cm, cut Duan Houyong clear water and soak 3-6 hour, scion is fully absorbed water,
S3, embedding bud: then the scion of cutting is inserted in the otch of stock;
S4, wrapping film: wrap up multiplex PEF film; First with wide single thin film, saw kerf is all covered, hold otch and do not make scion move up and down, then film is tightened along incision periphery, otch is not run off with saw face moisture, wait healing dew bud bursting film of buddering.
In peach graft seedling growth implantation methods of the present invention, in described step S4, adopt the binding method using hexagram watt formula from bottom to top, stock, scion tighten are tied up sternly, and knot is stamped in tension.
In peach graft seedling growth implantation methods of the present invention, in described step S3, then in the otch of the scion of cutting insertion stock, two scion is adopted to be arranged side by side.
In peach graft seedling growth implantation methods of the present invention, also comprise after step s4:
S5, the harm of diseases prevention worm: after the young shoot after grafting exposes film every 7 days spray weight ratios be that 1000 times of Acetamiprids and topsin diseases prevention worm are until blade turns green;
S6, stock of erasing tree lateral bud: every 15-20 day sky inspection except rudiment one once, should pinching in good time when shaddock of buddering goes out 5-6 leaf, promote stem sprouting that the is thick and tip for the second time.
In peach graft seedling growth implantation methods of the present invention, in step s 5 first time the tip turn green after execute a fertilizer, add 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate with weight ratio 0.2% nitrogen, surplus is that water waters and executes.
Peach graft seedling growth implantation methods of the present invention, by before grafting before grafting, irrigate stock 1-3 days with fertilizer, the nutritional supplementation that stock is set is abundant; And pass through to adopt multiplex PEF film bundling, make the nursery stock after grafting from air-dry and impact that is that drench with rain, and combine viewing and admiring of wild peach tree and eating of edible peach, a kind of sight can be cultivated easily and eat dual-purpose peach variety.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of peach graft seedling growth implantation methods, and it comprises the steps:
Tree prepares for S1, stock: stock tree is wild peach tree, before grafting before grafting, irrigates stock 1-3 days with fertilizer; Every 1000g fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following weight: ammonium nitrate 0.1-0.2g, potassium nitrate 0.1-0.2g, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) 0.1-0.2g, urea 0.2-0.4g, nitrate of lime 0.05-0.08g, magnesium sulfate 0.01-0.02g, ferrous sulfate 0.05-0.08g, boric acid 0.002-0.006g, manganese sulphate 0.003-0.005g, copper sulphate 0.003-0.005g, stalk are 500g, and surplus is water;
Sawed-off at 0.8-1.1m place, ground for wild peach tree stock tree, the diameter that stock is set is 15-20cm; According to bifurcated situation and angle at the At The Height of overhead 70-80cm by the sawed-off surface of a wound by grafting knife equating, split a cutter the center of the stock tree surface of a wound is vertical, split long 2.5 to the 3cm of mouth, the degree of depth is 2.5-4cm, splits mouth V-shaped;
S2, scabble scion: clip robust growth, high yield, colory growing up eats in peach maternal plant tree crown periphery, the developmental branch on top, long fruit branch and the medium fruit branch with 2 years raw branch sections, the surface of a wound of scion clip is smooth, choose full, medulla is little, the sprout of anosis worm harm, scion grafting scion should before germination 20-30 days or gather after fall foliage in the first year, in the ground kiln being put in 0-5 degree after adopting or shady and cool place, the highest can not more than 8 DEG C, bury with relative moisture 70% sand that wets, cut off after scion being taken out before grafting, cut and stay about length 20cm, cut Duan Houyong clear water and soak 3-6 hour, scion is fully absorbed water,
S3, embedding bud: then the scion of cutting is inserted in the otch of stock; Notice that scion is aimed at the formation layer of stock to be adjacent to.When scion and stock rugosity differ in size, scion must be made to form layer with the side of stock and aim at, this is the key of grafting survival.
S4, wrapping film: wrap up multiplex PEF film; First with wide single thin film, saw kerf is all covered, hold otch and do not make scion move up and down, then film is tightened along incision periphery, otch is not run off with saw face moisture, wait healing dew bud bursting film of buddering.
Peach graft seedling growth implantation methods of the present invention, by before grafting before grafting, irrigate stock 1-3 days with fertilizer, the nutritional supplementation that stock is set is abundant; And pass through to adopt multiplex PEF film bundling, make the nursery stock after grafting from air-dry and impact that is that drench with rain, and combine viewing and admiring of wild peach tree and eating of edible peach, a kind of sight can be cultivated easily and eat dual-purpose peach variety.
In peach graft seedling growth implantation methods of the present invention, in described step S4, adopt the binding method using hexagram watt formula from bottom to top, stock, scion tighten are tied up sternly, and knot is stamped in tension.In case air-dry and rain penetration.
In peach graft seedling growth implantation methods of the present invention, in described step S3, then in the otch of the scion of cutting insertion stock, two scion is adopted to be arranged side by side.
In peach graft seedling growth implantation methods of the present invention, also comprise after step s4:
S5, the harm of diseases prevention worm: after the young shoot after grafting exposes film every 7 days spray weight ratios be that 1000 times of Acetamiprids and topsin diseases prevention worm are until blade turns green; Make the water loss of film broken hole for anti-ant is caused harm after grafting, fine earth sand can be mixed at stub periphery with " Yongan " powder and spread fertilizer over the fields anti-ant.
S6, stock of erasing tree lateral bud: every 15-20 day sky inspection except rudiment one once, should pinching in good time when shaddock of buddering goes out 5-6 leaf, promote stem sprouting that the is thick and tip for the second time.15-20 days after grafting, can check survival rate, and as buddered, bud green or bud is sprouted, as say grafting survival; As withered in scion, colour-darkening blackening, just represents and does not survive, should mend in time and connect, be just conducive to growth neat.
In peach graft seedling growth implantation methods of the present invention,
In step s 5 first time the tip turn green after execute a fertilizer, add 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate with weight ratio 0.2% nitrogen, surplus is that water waters and executes.After grafting, orchard will keep moisture state, and ponding all has an impact to stock tree root system with suffering from drought.Therefore, carrying out draining or suffering from drought to water all grows favourable to grafting blastogenesis.Fertilising on, from grafting last week to budder the long tip exhibition leaf turn green last as should not apply fertilizer.
Peach graft seedling growth implantation methods of the present invention, sets red heart actinidia tree as stock, using imperial safranine actinidia tree as scion, can take into account red heart actinidia tree long for the full bearing period, the advantage that imperial safranine actinidia tree high temperature resistance drought-resistant ability is strong.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize description of the present invention to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical field, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a peach graft seedling growth implantation methods, is characterized in that, it comprises the steps:
Tree prepares for S1, stock: stock tree is wild peach tree, before grafting before grafting, irrigates stock 1-3 days with fertilizer; Every 1000g fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following weight: ammonium nitrate 0.1-0.2g, potassium nitrate 0.1-0.2g, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) 0.1-0.2g, urea 0.2-0.4g, nitrate of lime 0.05-0.08g, magnesium sulfate 0.01-0.02g, ferrous sulfate 0.05-0.08g, boric acid 0.002-0.006g, manganese sulphate 0.003-0.005g, copper sulphate 0.003-0.005g, stalk are 500g, and surplus is water;
Sawed-off at 0.8-1.1m place, ground for wild peach tree stock tree, the diameter that stock is set is 15-20cm; According to bifurcated situation and angle at the At The Height of overhead 70-80cm by the sawed-off surface of a wound by grafting knife equating, split a cutter the center of the stock tree surface of a wound is vertical, split long 2.5 to the 3cm of mouth, the degree of depth is 2.5-4cm, splits mouth V-shaped;
S2, scabble scion: clip robust growth, high yield, colory growing up eats in peach maternal plant tree crown periphery, the developmental branch on top, long fruit branch and the medium fruit branch with 2 years raw branch sections, the surface of a wound of scion clip is smooth, choose full, medulla is little, the sprout of anosis worm harm, scion grafting scion should before germination 20-30 days or gather after fall foliage in the first year, in the ground kiln being put in 0-5 degree after adopting or shady and cool place, the highest can not more than 8 DEG C, bury with relative moisture 70% sand that wets, cut off after scion being taken out before grafting, cut and stay about length 20cm, cut Duan Houyong clear water and soak 3-6 hour, scion is fully absorbed water,
S3, embedding bud: then the scion of cutting is inserted in the otch of stock;
S4, wrapping film: wrap up multiplex PEF film; First with wide single thin film, saw kerf is all covered, hold otch and do not make scion move up and down, then film is tightened along incision periphery, otch is not run off with saw face moisture, wait healing dew bud bursting film of buddering.
2. peach graft seedling growth implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, adopt the binding method using hexagram watt formula from bottom to top in described step S4, stock, scion tighten are tied up sternly, and knot is stamped in tension.
3. peach graft seedling growth implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, then in the otch of the scion of cutting insertion stock, adopts two scion to be arranged side by side in described step S3.
4. the peach graft seedling growth implantation methods as described in any one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that, also comprise after step s4:
S5, the harm of diseases prevention worm: after the young shoot after grafting exposes film every 7 days spray weight ratios be that 1000 times of Acetamiprids and topsin diseases prevention worm are until blade turns green;
S6, stock of erasing tree lateral bud: every 15-20 day sky inspection except rudiment one once, should pinching in good time when shaddock of buddering goes out 5-6 leaf, promote stem sprouting that the is thick and tip for the second time.
5. the peach graft seedling growth implantation methods as described in any one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that,
In step s 5 first time the tip turn green after execute a fertilizer, add 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate with weight ratio 0.2% nitrogen, surplus is that water waters and executes.
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104920076A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-09-23 | 安顺市西秀区春实绿化苗木有限公司 | Method for grafting peach trees and apricot trees |
CN105123398A (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2015-12-09 | 山东农业大学 | Facility peach tree efficient continuous production method |
CN105638256A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-06-08 | 镇远县醉美果业有限公司 | Red peach seedling raising technique |
CN106613664A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-10 | 卢平 | Peach and plum tree planting method |
CN107409770A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-12-01 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of construction method of ornamental type orchard windbreak |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104920076A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-09-23 | 安顺市西秀区春实绿化苗木有限公司 | Method for grafting peach trees and apricot trees |
CN105123398A (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2015-12-09 | 山东农业大学 | Facility peach tree efficient continuous production method |
CN105638256A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-06-08 | 镇远县醉美果业有限公司 | Red peach seedling raising technique |
CN106613664A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-10 | 卢平 | Peach and plum tree planting method |
CN107409770A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-12-01 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of construction method of ornamental type orchard windbreak |
CN107409770B (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2020-08-25 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Method for constructing ornamental type orchard windbreak forest |
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