CN104521366B - The method that the quick rudiment of a kind of castor seeds is emerged - Google Patents
The method that the quick rudiment of a kind of castor seeds is emerged Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The method that the quick rudiment of castor seeds is emerged, it relates to the method that the quick rudiment of a kind of castor seeds is emerged. The present invention to be solved castor seeds in the north problem that emerge slowly in area, seedling rate is low. Method: one, screen castor seeds; Two, seed disinfection; Three, the vitriol oil and Soaking in hot water; Four, N.F,USP MANNITOL causes; Five, nutritive medium mixes seed soaking with hormone; Six, low temperature-high temperature circulation vernalization; Seven, emerge. The present invention is used for the quick rudiment of castor seeds and emerges.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method that the quick rudiment of a kind of castor seeds is emerged.
Background technology
Castor-oil plant (Ricinuscommunis) is that Euphorbiaceae Ricinus is annual or per nnial herb, also known as bluish dogbane, straw, pockmarks etc., originating in the ground such as India, Egypt, the castor-oil plant of China's cultivation is imported into by India, the cultivation and utilization history of existing more than one thousand years. The main producing region of China castor-oil plant is distributed in the ground such as Tongliao, Inner Mongolia area, Baicheng region of Jilin province, Heilungkiang, Shandong, Shanxi, accounts for the 80% of the whole nation total cultivated area of castor-oil plant. Castor-oil plant is one of big oil crops in the world ten, and castor seeds can extract oil, and is the important industrial raw material of the industry such as light industry, metallurgy, electromechanics, weaving, printing, dyestuff and medicine and other fields. Meanwhile, castor-oil plant also has the outstanding features such as resistance to ridge saline and alkaline, drought-enduring, resistance to is thin, management is simple, throwing people is few, benefit height, can extensively plant in northeast saline and alkaline area, as improvement and the important vegetable material recovering salt affected soil. Therefore, castor-oil plant has important economic worth and the ecological value, it is to increase the exploitation potential of its germ plasm resource is with a wide range of applications.
Castor seeds has hard kind shell, and this makes seed have certain hibernation feature, has that seedling rate is low, the unfavorable factor such as not neat of emerging governs its Appropriate application. Castor-oil plant is planted in mid or late April usually in the northern area of China, seedling-growing time generally more than 20 days, and due to castor-oil plant capsule be ripe successively, pick in batches, its seed quality is different, emerges also and inconsistent, and this also brings puzzlement to a certain degree to field management. Application person consults domestic and international pertinent literature, it has been found that be all fragmentary report to the research of castor seeds, it does not have studying for the method how accelerating seedling-growing time of system, and without this type of relevant patent.
Summary of the invention
The present invention to be solved castor seeds in the north problem that emerge slowly in area, seedling rate is low, and provides a kind of castor seeds method that quick rudiment is emerged.
The method that the quick rudiment of a kind of castor seeds of the present invention is emerged carries out according to the following steps:
One, screening castor seeds: castor seeds is put into clear water, constantly stirs 10min��15min clockwise with wooden stick, the seed removing foreign material and floating on the water surface, pulls the castor seeds sunk to the bottom out, obtains pending castor seeds; The mass ratio of described castor seeds and clear water is 1:(20��40);
Two, seed disinfection: pending castor seeds step one obtained is basked seeds in the sunlight, until pending castor seeds is dry, castor seeds after being basked seeds, castor seeds after basking seeds is soaked in concentration be 5% NaClO solution in, stir 30min��60min, and then put into the HgCl that concentration is 0.1%2Solution soaking 30min��60min, then adopts distilled water flushing 4��6 times, the castor seeds after being sterilized;
Three, the vitriol oil and Soaking in hot water: the castor seeds after sterilization step 2 obtained soaks 10min��20min in the concentrated sulfuric acid solution that concentration is 60% and constantly stirs, then it is transferred in the hot water of 60 DEG C to soak 10min��20min and constantly stirs, then under flowing water, rinse 24h, obtain the castor seeds cleaned;
Four, N.F,USP MANNITOL cause: step 3 is obtained clean castor seeds in concentration be 200mmol/L mannitol solution in soak 6h��8h, the castor seeds after being caused;
Five, nutritive medium mixes seed soaking with hormone: the castor seeds after initiation step 4 obtained soaks 5h��8h in 0.5 times of Hoagland nutritive medium of improvement, obtains the castor seeds of pre-vernalization;
Six, low temperature-high temperature circulation vernalization: the castor seeds of the pre-vernalization that step 5 is obtained be laid in fill clean and in the pallet of fine sand after sterilizing, keep fine sand moistening, then pallet is placed in indoor climate incubator and urges seedling 3 days, in described 3 days, every day irradiates 12h when intensity of illumination be 6400lux, temperature is 30 DEG C, then unglazed according to 12h when temperature is 15 DEG C, supplement the moisture evaporating and losing every day, complete castor seeds vernalization, obtain the castor seeds after vernalization;
Seven, the castor seeds after vernalization step 6 obtained is planted in the flowerpot that clean fine sand is housed, and is placed in outdoor and carries out germination and emergence, completes the quick rudiment of castor seeds and emerge.
The useful effect of the present invention:
After the present invention utilizes water sieve method to filter out high-quality castor seeds, further castor seeds is carried out the process of artificial means, the machinery constraint of castor seeds hard kind of shell can be broken to a certain extent by the vitriol oil and Soaking in hot water, strengthening the permeability of seed coat, it is inner that this is also conducive to the chemical substance of application in subsequent step to infiltrate seed. Therefore next adopting N.F,USP MANNITOL to carry out the initiation process of castor seeds, N.F,USP MANNITOL is as Osmolyte regulator, it is possible to the control seed flow of water makes seed repair membrane system, and once under ensuing flow of water environment change, seed will accelerate sprouting process. In addition, in traditional nutritive medium, we add the Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins and growth hormone that are beneficial to plant seed germination, in addition all the other compositions in nutritive medium, it is possible to for castor seeds sprouts the energy providing sufficient. Therefore the process under low temperature-high temperature varying temperature environment stimulates of treated castor seeds is transplanted in flowerpot in three days can rudiment emerge faster. Castor seeds can being made to emerge rudiment in about 5-7 days, substantially reduce its seedling-growing time, operation is simple, for production practice cultivating castor-oil plant etc. provides important theoretical foundation and support.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to following cited embodiment, also comprises the arbitrary combination between each embodiment.
Embodiment one: the method that the quick rudiment of a kind of castor seeds is emerged carries out according to the following steps:
One, screening castor seeds: castor seeds is put into clear water, constantly stirs 10min��15min clockwise with wooden stick, the seed removing foreign material and floating on the water surface, pulls the castor seeds sunk to the bottom out, obtains pending castor seeds; The mass ratio of described castor seeds and clear water is 1:(20��40);
Two, seed disinfection: pending castor seeds step one obtained is basked seeds in the sunlight, until pending castor seeds is dry, castor seeds after being basked seeds, castor seeds after basking seeds is soaked in concentration be 5% NaClO solution in, stir 30min��60min, and then put into the HgCl that concentration is 0.1%2Solution soaking 30min��60min, then adopts distilled water flushing 4��6 times, the castor seeds after being sterilized;
Three, the vitriol oil and Soaking in hot water: the castor seeds after sterilization step 2 obtained soaks 10min��20min in the concentrated sulfuric acid solution that concentration is 60% and constantly stirs, then it is transferred in the hot water of 60 DEG C to soak 10min��20min and constantly stirs, then under flowing water, rinse 24h, obtain the castor seeds cleaned;
Four, N.F,USP MANNITOL cause: step 3 is obtained clean castor seeds in concentration be 200mmol/L mannitol solution in soak 6h��8h, the castor seeds after being caused;
Five, nutritive medium mixes seed soaking with hormone: the castor seeds after initiation step 4 obtained soaks 5h��8h in 0.5 times of Hoagland nutritive medium of improvement, obtains the castor seeds of pre-vernalization;
Six, low temperature-high temperature circulation vernalization: the castor seeds of the pre-vernalization that step 5 is obtained be laid in fill clean and in the pallet of fine sand after sterilizing, keep fine sand moistening, then pallet is placed in indoor climate incubator and urges seedling 3 days, in described 3 days, every day irradiates 12h when intensity of illumination be 6400lux, temperature is 30 DEG C, then unglazed according to 12h when temperature is 15 DEG C, supplement the moisture evaporating and losing every day, complete castor seeds vernalization, obtain the castor seeds after vernalization;
Seven, the castor seeds after vernalization step 6 obtained is planted in the flowerpot that clean fine sand is housed, and is placed in outdoor and carries out germination and emergence, completes the quick rudiment of castor seeds and emerge.
After present embodiment utilizes water sieve method to filter out high-quality castor seeds, further castor seeds is carried out the process of artificial means, the machinery constraint of castor seeds hard kind of shell can be broken to a certain extent by the vitriol oil and Soaking in hot water, strengthening the permeability of seed coat, it is inner that this is also conducive to the chemical substance of application in subsequent step to infiltrate seed. Therefore next adopting N.F,USP MANNITOL to carry out initiation process, N.F,USP MANNITOL is as Osmolyte regulator, it is possible to the control seed flow of water makes seed repair membrane system, and once under ensuing flow of water environment change, seed will accelerate sprouting process. In addition, in traditional nutritive medium, we add the Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins and growth hormone that are beneficial to plant seed germination, in addition all the other compositions in nutritive medium, it is possible to for castor seeds sprouts the energy providing sufficient. Therefore the process under low temperature-high temperature varying temperature environment stimulates of treated castor seeds is transplanted in flowerpot in three days can rudiment emerge faster. Castor seeds can being made to emerge rudiment in about 5-7 days, substantially reduce its seedling-growing time, operation is simple, for production practice cultivating castor-oil plant etc. provides important theoretical foundation and support.
Embodiment two: present embodiment and embodiment one the difference is that: the mass ratio of castor seeds described in step one and clear water is 1:30. Other are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: present embodiment and embodiment one or two the difference is that: in step 2 and then put into the HgCl that concentration is 0.1%2Solution soaking 40min. Other are identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to three the difference is that: described in step 5 improvement 0.5 times of Hoagland nutritive medium Middle nutrition composition be Ca2+��Mg2+��K+��EDTA-Fe2+��Mn2+��Cu2+��Zn2+��SO4 2-��H2PO4 -��H3BO3��H2MoO4��NO3 -, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins and growth hormone, wherein Ca2+Content be 5.00mmol/L, Mg2+Content be 2.00mmol/L, K+Content be 6.04mmol/L, EDTA-Fe2+Content be 22.2 ��m of ol/L, Mn2+Content be 6.72 ��m of ol/L, Cu2+Content be 3.16 ��m of ol/L, Zn2+Content be 0.765 ��m of ol/L, SO4 2-Content be 2.10mmol/L, H2PO4 -Content be 1.00mmol/L, H3BO3Content be 46.3 ��m of ol/L, H2MoO4Content be 0.556 ��m of ol/L, NO3 -Content be 15.04mmol/L, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins content be 100mg/L, growth hormone content be 100mg/L. One of other and embodiment one to three are identical.
Present embodiment adopts the nutritive medium containing the ion being beneficial to seed sprouting in a large number to soak seed, compared with traditional single component solution seed soaking, and better effects if.
Present embodiment adds Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins on the basis of original nutritive medium and abolishes seed dormancy, is equipped with growth hormone and jointly applies to a certain degree to abolish seed dormancy in seed and accelerate its process of emerging.
The useful effect of the present invention is verified by following examples:
Embodiment one: the method that the quick rudiment of a kind of castor seeds is emerged carries out according to the following steps:
One, screening castor seeds: castor seeds is put into clear water, constantly stirs 10min��15min clockwise with wooden stick, the seed removing foreign material and floating on the water surface, pulls the castor seeds sunk to the bottom out, obtains pending castor seeds; The mass ratio of described castor seeds and clear water is 1:25;
Two, seed disinfection: pending castor seeds step one obtained is basked seeds in the sunlight, until pending castor seeds is dry, castor seeds after being basked seeds, castor seeds after basking seeds is soaked in concentration be 5% NaClO solution in, stir 30min, and then put into the HgCl that concentration is 0.1%2Solution soaking 30min, then adopts distilled water flushing 4��6 times, the castor seeds after being sterilized;
Three, the vitriol oil and Soaking in hot water: the castor seeds after sterilization step 2 obtained soaks 10min��15min in the concentrated sulfuric acid solution that concentration is 60% and constantly stirs, then it is transferred in the hot water of 60 DEG C to soak 10min��15min and constantly stirs, then under flowing water, rinse 24h, obtain the castor seeds cleaned;
Four, N.F,USP MANNITOL cause: step 3 is obtained clean castor seeds in concentration be 200mmol/L mannitol solution in soak 6h��8h, the castor seeds after being caused;
Five, nutritive medium mixes seed soaking with hormone: the castor seeds after initiation step 4 obtained soaks 5h��8h in 0.5 times of Hoagland nutritive medium of improvement, obtains the castor seeds of pre-vernalization;
Six, low temperature-high temperature circulation vernalization: the castor seeds of the pre-vernalization that step 5 is obtained be laid in fill clean and in the pallet of fine sand after sterilizing, keep fine sand moistening, then pallet is placed in indoor climate incubator and urges seedling 3 days, in described 3 days, every day irradiates 12h when intensity of illumination be 6400lux, temperature is 30 DEG C, then unglazed according to 12h when temperature is 15 DEG C, supplement the moisture evaporating and losing every day, complete castor seeds vernalization, obtain the castor seeds after vernalization;
Described in step 5,0.5 times of Hoagland nutritive medium Middle nutrition composition of improvement is Ca2+��Mg2+��K+��EDTA-Fe2+��Mn2+��Cu2+��Zn2+��SO4 2-��H2PO4 -��H3BO3��H2MoO4��NO3 -, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins and growth hormone, wherein Ca2+Content be 5.00mmol/L, Mg2+Content be 2.00mmol/L, K+Content be 6.04mmol/L, EDTA-Fe2+Content be 22.2 ��m of ol/L, Mn2+Content be 6.72 ��m of ol/L, Cu2+Content be 3.16 ��m of ol/L, Zn2+Content be 0.765 ��m of ol/L, SO4 2-Content be 2.10mmol/L, H2PO4 -Content be 1.00mmol/L, H3BO3Content be 46.3 ��m of ol/L, H2MoO4Content be 0.556 ��m of ol/L, NO3 -Content be 15.04mmol/L, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins content be 100mg/L, growth hormone content be 100mg/L;
Seven, the castor seeds after vernalization step 6 obtained is planted in the flowerpot that clean fine sand is housed, and is placed in outdoor and carries out germination and emergence, completes the quick rudiment of castor seeds and emerge.
The present invention is processed by artificial means, castor seeds can be made to emerge rudiment in 5��7 days, substantially reduce its seedling-growing time, and operation is simple, for production practice cultivating castor-oil plant etc. provides important theoretical foundation and support. Seedling rate of the present invention can reach more than 90%, and seedling-growing time was at 5��7 days, and the seedling rate of conventional process castor seeds is about 70%��80%, and seedling rate was at about 20 days. Improving 10%��20% compared to prior art seedling rate, seedling-growing time decreases 13��15 days.
Claims (3)
1. the method that the quick rudiment of castor seeds is emerged, it is characterised in that the method that the quick rudiment of castor seeds is emerged carries out according to the following steps:
One, screening castor seeds: castor seeds is put into clear water, constantly stirs 10min��15min clockwise with wooden stick, the seed removing foreign material and floating on the water surface, pulls the castor seeds sunk to the bottom out, obtains pending castor seeds; The mass ratio of described castor seeds and clear water is 1:(20��40);
Two, seed disinfection: pending castor seeds step one obtained is basked seeds in the sunlight, until pending castor seeds is dry, castor seeds after being basked seeds, castor seeds after basking seeds is soaked in concentration be 5% NaClO solution in, stir 30min��60min, and then put into the HgCl that concentration is 0.1%2Solution soaking 30min��60min, then adopts distilled water flushing 4��6 times, the castor seeds after being sterilized;
Three, the vitriol oil and Soaking in hot water: the castor seeds after sterilization step 2 obtained soaks 10min��20min in the concentrated sulfuric acid solution that concentration is 60% and constantly stirs, then it is transferred in the hot water of 60 DEG C to soak 10min��20min and constantly stirs, then under flowing water, rinse 24h, obtain the castor seeds cleaned;
Four, N.F,USP MANNITOL cause: step 3 is obtained clean castor seeds in concentration be 200mmol/L mannitol solution in soak 6h��8h, the castor seeds after being caused;
Five, nutritive medium mixes seed soaking with hormone: the castor seeds after initiation step 4 obtained soaks 5h��8h in 0.5 times of Hoagland nutritive medium of improvement, obtains the castor seeds of pre-vernalization;
Six, low temperature-high temperature circulation vernalization: the castor seeds of the pre-vernalization that step 5 is obtained be laid in fill clean and in the pallet of fine sand after sterilizing, keep fine sand moistening, then pallet is placed in indoor climate incubator and urges seedling 3 days, in described 3 days, every day irradiates 12h when intensity of illumination be 6400lux, temperature is 30 DEG C, then unglazed according to 12h when temperature is 15 DEG C, supplement the moisture evaporating and losing every day, complete castor seeds vernalization, obtain the castor seeds after vernalization;
Seven, the castor seeds after vernalization step 6 obtained is planted in the flowerpot that clean fine sand is housed, and is placed in outdoor and carries out germination and emergence, completes the quick rudiment of castor seeds and emerge;
Ca in 0.5 times of Hoagland nutritive medium of improvement described in step 52+Content be 5.00mmol/L, Mg2+Content be 2.00mmol/L, K+Content be 6.04mmol/L, EDTA-Fe2+Content be 22.2 ��m of ol/L, Mn2+Content be 6.72 ��m of ol/L, Cu2+Content be 3.16 ��m of ol/L, Zn2+Content be 0.765 ��m of ol/L, SO4 2-Content be 2.10mmol/L, H2PO4 -Content be 1.00mmol/L, H3BO3Content be 46.3 ��m of ol/L, H2MoO4Content be 0.556 ��m of ol/L, NO3 -Content be 15.04mmol/L, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins content be the content of 100mg/L and growth hormone be 100mg/L.
2. the method that the quick rudiment of a kind of castor seeds according to claim 1 is emerged, it is characterised in that the mass ratio of castor seeds described in step one and clear water is 1:30.
3. the method that the quick rudiment of a kind of castor seeds according to claim 1 is emerged, it is characterised in that in step 2 and then put into the HgCl that concentration is 0.1%2Solution soaking 40min.
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