CN104521366A - Method for rapid germination of castor bean seeds - Google Patents
Method for rapid germination of castor bean seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN104521366A CN104521366A CN201410782895.9A CN201410782895A CN104521366A CN 104521366 A CN104521366 A CN 104521366A CN 201410782895 A CN201410782895 A CN 201410782895A CN 104521366 A CN104521366 A CN 104521366A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for rapid germination of castor bean seeds, relates to a method for the rapid germination of the castor bean seeds, and aims to solve the problems of slow germination and low germination rate of the castor bean seeds in northern areas. The method comprises the following steps: (1) screening the castor bean seeds; (2) disinfecting the seeds; (3) soaking the seeds in concentrated sulfuric acid and hot water; (4) triggering by using mannitol; (5) mixing a nutritional solution with hormones to soak the seeds; (6) circularly promoting germination at low temperature and high temperature; and (7) sprouting. The method disclosed by the invention is used for rapid germination of the castor bean seeds.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that castor seeds fast germination is emerged.
Background technology
Castor-oil plant (Ricinus communis) is the annual or herbaceos perennial of Euphorbiaceae Ricinus, also known as bluish dogbane, straw, pockmarks etc., originate in the ground such as India, Egypt, the castor-oil plant of China's cultivation is imported into by India, the cultivation and utilization history of existing more than one thousand years.China castor-oil plant major production areas is distributed in the ground such as Tongliao, Inner Mongolia area, Baicheng region of Jilin province, Heilungkiang, Shandong, Shanxi, accounts for 80% of the total cultivated area of national castor-oil plant.Castor-oil plant is one of large oil crop in the world ten, and castor seeds can extract oil, and is the essential industry raw material of the industry such as light industry, metallurgy, electromechanics, weaving, printing, dyestuff and medicine and other fields.Meanwhile, castor-oil plant also has Salt And Alkali Tolerance, drought-enduring, resistance to ridge is thin, management is simple, throw the outstanding features such as people is few, benefit is high, can extensively plant in varieties in saline-alkali areas, northeast, as improvement and the important vegetable material recovering salt affected soil.Therefore, castor-oil plant has important economic worth and the ecological value, and the exploitation potential improving its germ plasm resource is with a wide range of applications.
Castor seeds has hard kind shell, and this makes seed have certain hibernation feature, has that emergence rate is low, the unfavorable factor such as uneven of emerging governs its Appropriate application.The northern area of China usually mid or late April plantation castor-oil plant, seedling-growing time generally more than 20 days, and due to castor-oil plant capsule be ripe successively, pick in batches, its seed quality is different, emerges also and inconsistent, and this also brings puzzlement to a certain degree to field management.Applicant consults domestic and international pertinent literature, finding that to the research of castor seeds are all fragmentary reports, not having the systematic method for how accelerating seedling-growing time to study, and without this type of Patents.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve the problem that castor seeds is emerged slowly at northern area, emergence rate is low, and provides a kind of method that castor seeds fast germination is emerged.
The method that a kind of castor seeds fast germination of the present invention is emerged is carried out according to the following steps:
One, screen castor seeds: castor seeds is put into clear water, constantly stirs 10min ~ 15min clockwise with wooden stick, removing foreign material and the seed floated on the surface, pull the castor seeds sunk to the bottom out, obtain pending castor seeds; The mass ratio of described castor seeds and clear water is 1:(20 ~ 40);
Two, seed disinfection: pending castor seeds step one obtained is basked seeds in the sunlight, until pending castor seeds is dry, obtain the castor seeds after basking seeds, it is in the NaClO solution of 5% that castor seeds after basking seeds is dipped in concentration, stir 30min ~ 60min, and then put into the HgCl that concentration is 0.1%
2solution soaks 30min ~ 60min, then adopts distilled water flushing 4 ~ 6 times, the castor seeds after being sterilized;
Three, the concentrated sulfuric acid and Soaking in hot water: the castor seeds after sterilization step 2 obtained is soak 10min ~ 20min in the concentrated sulfuric acid solution of 60% and constantly stir in concentration, then be transferred in the hot water of 60 DEG C and soak 10min ~ 20min and constantly stir, then under flowing water, rinse 24h, obtain the castor seeds cleaned;
Four, mannitol causes: the castor seeds cleaned step 3 obtained is soak 6h ~ 8h in the mannitol solution of 200mmol/L in concentration, obtains the castor seeds after causing;
Five, nutrient solution mixes with hormone and soaks seed: the castor seeds after initiation step 4 obtained soaks 5h ~ 8h in the 0.5 times of Hoagland nutrient solution improved, and obtains the castor seeds of pre-vernalization;
Six, hypo-hyperthermia circulation vernalization: the castor seeds of pre-vernalization step 5 obtained is laid in fill and cleans and in the pallet of fine sand after sterilizing, keep fine sand moistening, then pallet is placed in indoor climate incubator and urges seedling 3 days, in described 3 days every day intensity of illumination be 6400lux, temperature irradiates 12h under being the condition of 30 DEG C, then be unglazed according to 12h under the condition of 15 DEG C in temperature, supplement the moisture evaporating and lose every day, complete castor seeds vernalization, obtain the castor seeds after vernalization;
Seven, the castor seeds after vernalization step 6 obtained is planted in the flowerpot that clean fine sand is housed, and is placed in outdoor and carries out germination and emergence, completes castor seeds fast germination and emerges.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
After the present invention utilizes water sieve method to filter out high-quality castor seeds, further castor seeds is carried out to the process of artificial means, the machinery can being broken castor seeds hard kind of shell by the concentrated sulfuric acid and Soaking in hot water is to a certain extent fettered, strengthen the permeability of seed coat, this chemical substance being also conducive to applying in subsequent step infiltrates Interior Seed.Therefore next adopt mannitol to carry out the initiation process of castor seeds, mannitol, as Osmolyte regulator, can control the seed flow of water and make seed repair membrane system, and once under ensuing flow of water environment change, seed will accelerate sprouting process.In addition, in traditional nutrient solution, we add the gibberellin and growth hormone that are beneficial to plant seed germination, in addition all the other compositions in nutrient solution, can provide sufficient energy for Germination of Castor.Therefore the process under hypo-hyperthermia varying temperature environment stimulates of treated castor seeds is transplanted in flowerpot and can rudiment emerges faster for three days.Castor seeds can be made to emerge rudiment in about 5-7 days, and substantially reduce its seedling-growing time, operation is simple, for production practices cultivating castor-oil plant etc. provides important theoretical foundation and support.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to following cited embodiment, also comprises any combination between each embodiment.
Embodiment one: a kind of method that castor seeds fast germination is emerged is carried out according to the following steps:
One, screen castor seeds: castor seeds is put into clear water, constantly stirs 10min ~ 15min clockwise with wooden stick, removing foreign material and the seed floated on the surface, pull the castor seeds sunk to the bottom out, obtain pending castor seeds; The mass ratio of described castor seeds and clear water is 1:(20 ~ 40);
Two, seed disinfection: pending castor seeds step one obtained is basked seeds in the sunlight, until pending castor seeds is dry, obtain the castor seeds after basking seeds, it is in the NaClO solution of 5% that castor seeds after basking seeds is dipped in concentration, stir 30min ~ 60min, and then put into the HgCl that concentration is 0.1%
2solution soaks 30min ~ 60min, then adopts distilled water flushing 4 ~ 6 times, the castor seeds after being sterilized;
Three, the concentrated sulfuric acid and Soaking in hot water: the castor seeds after sterilization step 2 obtained is soak 10min ~ 20min in the concentrated sulfuric acid solution of 60% and constantly stir in concentration, then be transferred in the hot water of 60 DEG C and soak 10min ~ 20min and constantly stir, then under flowing water, rinse 24h, obtain the castor seeds cleaned;
Four, mannitol causes: the castor seeds cleaned step 3 obtained is soak 6h ~ 8h in the mannitol solution of 200mmol/L in concentration, obtains the castor seeds after causing;
Five, nutrient solution mixes with hormone and soaks seed: the castor seeds after initiation step 4 obtained soaks 5h ~ 8h in the 0.5 times of Hoagland nutrient solution improved, and obtains the castor seeds of pre-vernalization;
Six, hypo-hyperthermia circulation vernalization: the castor seeds of pre-vernalization step 5 obtained is laid in fill and cleans and in the pallet of fine sand after sterilizing, keep fine sand moistening, then pallet is placed in indoor climate incubator and urges seedling 3 days, in described 3 days every day intensity of illumination be 6400lux, temperature irradiates 12h under being the condition of 30 DEG C, then be unglazed according to 12h under the condition of 15 DEG C in temperature, supplement the moisture evaporating and lose every day, complete castor seeds vernalization, obtain the castor seeds after vernalization;
Seven, the castor seeds after vernalization step 6 obtained is planted in the flowerpot that clean fine sand is housed, and is placed in outdoor and carries out germination and emergence, completes castor seeds fast germination and emerges.
After present embodiment utilizes water sieve method to filter out high-quality castor seeds, further castor seeds is carried out to the process of artificial means, the machinery can being broken castor seeds hard kind of shell by the concentrated sulfuric acid and Soaking in hot water is to a certain extent fettered, strengthen the permeability of seed coat, this chemical substance being also conducive to applying in subsequent step infiltrates Interior Seed.Therefore next adopt mannitol to carry out initiation process, mannitol, as Osmolyte regulator, can control the seed flow of water and make seed repair membrane system, and once under ensuing flow of water environment change, seed will accelerate sprouting process.In addition, in traditional nutrient solution, we add the gibberellin and growth hormone that are beneficial to plant seed germination, in addition all the other compositions in nutrient solution, can provide sufficient energy for Germination of Castor.Therefore the process under hypo-hyperthermia varying temperature environment stimulates of treated castor seeds is transplanted in flowerpot and can rudiment emerges faster for three days.Castor seeds can be made to emerge rudiment in about 5-7 days, and substantially reduce its seedling-growing time, operation is simple, for production practices cultivating castor-oil plant etc. provides important theoretical foundation and support.
Embodiment two: present embodiment and embodiment one unlike: the mass ratio of castor seeds described in step one and clear water is 1:30.Other are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: present embodiment and embodiment one or two unlike: in step 2 and then put into the HgCl that concentration is 0.1%
2solution soaks 40min.Other are identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to three unlike: the 0.5 times of Hoagland nutrient solution Middle nutrition composition improved described in step 5 is Ca
2+, Mg
2+, K
+, EDTA-Fe
2+, Mn
2+, Cu
2+, Zn
2+, SO
4 2-, H
2pO
4 -, H
3bO
3, H
2moO
4, NO
3 -, gibberellin and growth hormone, wherein Ca
2+content be 5.00mmol/L, Mg
2+content be 2.00mmol/L, K
+content be 6.04mmol/L, EDTA-Fe
2+content be 22.2 μm of ol/L, Mn
2+content be 6.72 μm of ol/L, Cu
2+content be 3.16 μm of ol/L, Zn
2+content be 0.765 μm of ol/L, SO
4 2-content be 2.10mmol/L, H
2pO
4 -content be 1.00mmol/L, H
3bO
3content be 46.3 μm of ol/L, H
2moO
4content be 0.556 μm of ol/L, NO
3 -content be 15.04mmol/L, the content of gibberellin is 100mg/L, the content of growth hormone is 100mg/L.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to three.
Present embodiment adopts the nutrient solution containing the ion being beneficial to seed sprouting in a large number to soak seed, compared with traditional single component solution seed soaking, and better effects if.
Present embodiment adds gibberellin and abolishes seed dormancy on the basis of original nutrient solution, is equipped with growth hormone and jointly puts on seed and to a certain degree can abolish seed dormancy and accelerate its process of emerging.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is verified by following examples:
Embodiment one: a kind of method that castor seeds fast germination is emerged is carried out according to the following steps:
One, screen castor seeds: castor seeds is put into clear water, constantly stirs 10min ~ 15min clockwise with wooden stick, removing foreign material and the seed floated on the surface, pull the castor seeds sunk to the bottom out, obtain pending castor seeds; The mass ratio of described castor seeds and clear water is 1:25;
Two, seed disinfection: pending castor seeds step one obtained is basked seeds in the sunlight, until pending castor seeds is dry, obtain the castor seeds after basking seeds, it is in the NaClO solution of 5% that castor seeds after basking seeds is dipped in concentration, stir 30min, and then put into the HgCl that concentration is 0.1%
2solution soaks 30min, then adopts distilled water flushing 4 ~ 6 times, the castor seeds after being sterilized;
Three, the concentrated sulfuric acid and Soaking in hot water: the castor seeds after sterilization step 2 obtained is soak 10min ~ 15min in the concentrated sulfuric acid solution of 60% and constantly stir in concentration, then be transferred in the hot water of 60 DEG C and soak 10min ~ 15min and constantly stir, then under flowing water, rinse 24h, obtain the castor seeds cleaned;
Four, mannitol causes: the castor seeds cleaned step 3 obtained is soak 6h ~ 8h in the mannitol solution of 200mmol/L in concentration, obtains the castor seeds after causing;
Five, nutrient solution mixes with hormone and soaks seed: the castor seeds after initiation step 4 obtained soaks 5h ~ 8h in the 0.5 times of Hoagland nutrient solution improved, and obtains the castor seeds of pre-vernalization;
Six, hypo-hyperthermia circulation vernalization: the castor seeds of pre-vernalization step 5 obtained is laid in fill and cleans and in the pallet of fine sand after sterilizing, keep fine sand moistening, then pallet is placed in indoor climate incubator and urges seedling 3 days, in described 3 days every day intensity of illumination be 6400lux, temperature irradiates 12h under being the condition of 30 DEG C, then be unglazed according to 12h under the condition of 15 DEG C in temperature, supplement the moisture evaporating and lose every day, complete castor seeds vernalization, obtain the castor seeds after vernalization;
The 0.5 times of Hoagland nutrient solution Middle nutrition composition improved described in step 5 is Ca
2+, Mg
2+, K
+, EDTA-Fe
2+, Mn
2+, Cu
2+, Zn
2+, SO
4 2-, H
2pO
4 -, H
3bO
3, H
2moO
4, NO
3 -, gibberellin and growth hormone, wherein Ca
2+content be 5.00mmol/L, Mg
2+content be 2.00mmol/L, K
+content be 6.04mmol/L, EDTA-Fe
2+content be 22.2 μm of ol/L, Mn
2+content be 6.72 μm of ol/L, Cu
2+content be 3.16 μm of ol/L, Zn
2+content be 0.765 μm of ol/L, SO
4 2-content be 2.10mmol/L, H
2pO
4 -content be 1.00mmol/L, H
3bO
3content be 46.3 μm of ol/L, H
2moO
4content be 0.556 μm of ol/L, NO
3 -content be 15.04mmol/L, the content of gibberellin is 100mg/L, the content of growth hormone is 100mg/L;
Seven, the castor seeds after vernalization step 6 obtained is planted in the flowerpot that clean fine sand is housed, and is placed in outdoor and carries out germination and emergence, completes castor seeds fast germination and emerges.
The present invention is by artificial means process, and castor seeds can be made to emerge rudiment in 5 ~ 7 days, and substantially reduce its seedling-growing time, operation is simple, for production practices cultivating castor-oil plant etc. provides important theoretical foundation and support.Emergence rate of the present invention can reach more than 90%, and seedling-growing time was at 5 ~ 7 days, and the emergence rate of conventional process castor seeds is about 70% ~ 80%, and emergence rate was at about 20 days.Improve 10% ~ 20% compared to prior art emergence rate, seedling-growing time decreases 13 ~ 15 days.
Claims (4)
1. a castor seeds fast germination method of emerging, is characterized in that the method that castor seeds fast germination is emerged is carried out according to the following steps:
One, screen castor seeds: castor seeds is put into clear water, constantly stirs 10min ~ 15min clockwise with wooden stick, removing foreign material and the seed floated on the surface, pull the castor seeds sunk to the bottom out, obtain pending castor seeds; The mass ratio of described castor seeds and clear water is 1:(20 ~ 40);
Two, seed disinfection: pending castor seeds step one obtained is basked seeds in the sunlight, until pending castor seeds is dry, obtain the castor seeds after basking seeds, it is in the NaClO solution of 5% that castor seeds after basking seeds is dipped in concentration, stir 30min ~ 60min, and then put into the HgCl that concentration is 0.1%
2solution soaks 30min ~ 60min, then adopts distilled water flushing 4 ~ 6 times, the castor seeds after being sterilized;
Three, the concentrated sulfuric acid and Soaking in hot water: the castor seeds after sterilization step 2 obtained is soak 10min ~ 20min in the concentrated sulfuric acid solution of 60% and constantly stir in concentration, then be transferred in the hot water of 60 DEG C and soak 10min ~ 20min and constantly stir, then under flowing water, rinse 24h, obtain the castor seeds cleaned;
Four, mannitol causes: the castor seeds cleaned step 3 obtained is soak 6h ~ 8h in the mannitol solution of 200mmol/L in concentration, obtains the castor seeds after causing;
Five, nutrient solution mixes with hormone and soaks seed: the castor seeds after initiation step 4 obtained soaks 5h ~ 8h in the 0.5 times of Hoagland nutrient solution improved, and obtains the castor seeds of pre-vernalization;
Six, hypo-hyperthermia circulation vernalization: the castor seeds of pre-vernalization step 5 obtained is laid in fill and cleans and in the pallet of fine sand after sterilizing, keep fine sand moistening, then pallet is placed in indoor climate incubator and urges seedling 3 days, in described 3 days every day intensity of illumination be 6400lux, temperature irradiates 12h under being the condition of 30 DEG C, then be unglazed according to 12h under the condition of 15 DEG C in temperature, supplement the moisture evaporating and lose every day, complete castor seeds vernalization, obtain the castor seeds after vernalization;
Seven, the castor seeds after vernalization step 6 obtained is planted in the flowerpot that clean fine sand is housed, and is placed in outdoor and carries out germination and emergence, completes castor seeds fast germination and emerges.
2. a kind of castor seeds fast germination according to claim 1 method of emerging, is characterized in that the mass ratio of castor seeds described in step one and clear water is 1:30.
3. a kind of castor seeds fast germination according to claim 1 method of emerging, is characterized in that in step 2 and then puts into the HgCl that concentration is 0.1%
2solution soaks 40min.
4. a kind of castor seeds fast germination according to claim 1 method of emerging, is characterized in that Ca in the 0.5 times of Hoagland nutrient solution improved described in step 5
2+content be 5.00mmol/L, Mg
2+content be 2.00mmol/L, K
+content be 6.04mmol/L, EDTA-Fe
2+content be 22.2 μm of ol/L, Mn
2+content be 6.72 μm of ol/L, Cu
2+content be 3.16 μm of ol/L, Zn
2+content be 0.765 μm of ol/L, SO
4 2-content be 2.10mmol/L, H
2pO
4 -content be 1.00mmol/L, H
3bO
3content be 46.3 μm of ol/L, H
2moO
4content be 0.556 μm of ol/L, NO
3 -content be 15.04mmol/L, the content of gibberellin be the content of 100mg/L and growth hormone is 100mg/L.
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| CN113197043A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-08-03 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for controlling germination of Chinese yam bulbil |
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| CN105766133A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-07-20 | 广西师范大学 | Method for increasing seed germination rate of croton xiaopadou |
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