CN104520097B - 可电切换的复合玻璃组件 - Google Patents

可电切换的复合玻璃组件 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104520097B
CN104520097B CN201380042207.9A CN201380042207A CN104520097B CN 104520097 B CN104520097 B CN 104520097B CN 201380042207 A CN201380042207 A CN 201380042207A CN 104520097 B CN104520097 B CN 104520097B
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China
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films
thermoplastic polymer
spd
glass
polymer film
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CN201380042207.9A
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CN104520097A (zh
Inventor
I.冯德魏登
A.斯纳斯基
F.佩纳斯
J.梅尼希
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Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
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Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • G02F2202/025—Materials and properties organic material polymeric curable thermocurable

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
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Abstract

可切换的复合玻璃组件，其至少包括：a.第一玻璃(1)，b.第二玻璃(2)和c.布置在其间的中间层(3)，其中中间层(3)至少含有第一热塑性聚合物薄膜(3a)和第二热塑性聚合物薄膜(3c)以及布置于其间的SPD‑薄膜(3b)，和d.布置在中间层(3)外边缘区域(5)中的含有聚酰亚胺（PI）和/或聚异丁烯（PIB）的边缘密封(4)。

Description

可电切换的复合玻璃组件
本发明涉及可电切换的复合玻璃组件，制造方法及其作为汽车玻璃和建筑玻璃的用途。
按电钮改变其透光性并因此可以在深色和透明外观之间变换的玻璃是现有技术中广泛使用的。特别在汽车制造中呈现出许多可能性。在盛夏和日照强烈的情况下，乘客区由于窗口会逐渐强烈生热。此外，在行驶期间司机可能由于散射光而目眩。特别在机动车车顶玻璃的情况下，汽车在夏天被快速和剧烈地加热。汽车内部的加热不仅负面地影响司机的注意力和反应力，而且极大提高机动车能耗和因此也提高其发动机燃料消耗。
存在许多调节玻璃的透光性的可能性，例如在电致变色的玻璃或者液晶屏幕（LCD）中。
US 6,277,523 B1描述了电致变色涂层的制造方式和作用原理。在此，不同波长的光的透明度可以通过施加电荷来切换和调节。
JP 2008-025229 A1公开了一种用以改变双立面（Doppelfassaden）中的透光性的体系。其能够调节入射光量和因此调节建筑物中的热量。在此，该透射转换通过成核过程，即气体在中间层中形成小液滴来转换。
US 2004257649 A1公开了具有可电切换的SPD-薄膜的多件式建筑玻璃。
US 2005/0227061 A1公开了制造和层压SPD-薄膜（悬浮颗粒装置）的方法。在此，实际的SPD-膜在热作用和真空下层压在胶粘A之间。
EP 2 010 385 B1公开了具有多层的中间层的复合玻璃。该中间层至少含有三层胶粘膜、一层具有红外偏转功能的层和电气装置。这包括具有液晶层或者SPD-膜的设备。该电气装置布置在胶粘膜的留空处内。
EP 2 013 013 B1公开了具有至少三层的中间层的复合玻璃。在此，中间的中间层形成SPD-膜的框架并且与下面的中间层和上面的中间层层压在一起。作为重要条件，所述中间层材料不含增塑剂。
复合玻璃中的常见问题是所述中间薄膜的过早老化。渗入的水分和氧气尤其可与太阳光的紫外辐射一起导致所述胶粘膜的至少表面的退化。因此，边缘密封的品质对于整个玻璃的品质和长期稳定性具有巨大影响。如果还存在无机功能层，特别是金属功能层，则该中间层的老化还将更明显地增加。
在此，老化不仅会对玻璃的整个视觉印象造成影响，而且还明显限制了功能性。特别在玻璃的外边缘区域中，玻璃的功能性会明显受限。在具有SPD-薄膜的玻璃的范围中，这意味着在边缘区域中的变色延迟或者还可能完全不发生。特别在不施加电压的情况下，在边缘区域中的玻璃显得越来越明亮。该发亮效果会逐渐扩展到整个玻璃范围。
本发明的目的在于，提供具有SPD-薄膜的可电切换的玻璃，其功能层具有高的和持久的抗老化性。
本发明的目的根据独立权利要求1实现。优选的实施方案由从属权利要求获悉。
可电切换的具有SPD-薄膜的玻璃的两种根据本发明的制造方法及其用途由其它的独立权利要求获悉。
本发明的可切换的复合玻璃组件至少包括第一玻璃、第二玻璃和布置在其间的中间层。所述玻璃优选地含有平玻璃、浮法玻璃、石英玻璃、硼硅酸盐玻璃、钙钠玻璃和/或它们的混合物。替代地，所述玻璃也可以包含聚合物，如聚碳酸酯或者聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（有机玻璃）。所述中间层包含至少一层第一热塑性聚合物薄膜和一层第二热塑性聚合物薄膜以及布置在其间的可电切换的透射率可变的SPD-薄膜。SPD（悬浮颗粒装置）-薄膜和SPD-薄膜含有优选尺寸范围小于1 µm的胶体颗粒。该颗粒悬浮在溶液中或者优选地悬浮在聚合物基质中。在不存在电场的情况下，该胶体颗粒在介质中随机地排列和取向。在该状态下，入射光被吸收或者反射，所述SPD-膜显现为深色和不透明。在施加电场的情况下，所述胶体颗粒被定向。射入的光线可以穿过并且所述SPD-膜显现为透明的。通过改变电压，也可以逐渐改变该SPD-薄膜的透光率。SPD-薄膜的详细描述可见于例如US 2005/0227061 A1，特别是[0004]至[0015]中，层压具有SPD-薄膜的玻璃的方法可见于[0016]中。所述热塑性聚合物薄膜优选地含有PVB（聚乙烯醇缩丁醛）或者EVA（聚乙烯醋酸乙烯酯(polyethylvinylacetat)）。任选地也可以含有不含增塑剂的聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（PBT）、聚碳酸酯（PC）、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）和聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯（PEN）、聚氯乙烯（PVC）、聚氟乙烯（PFC）、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛（PVB）和/或它们的共聚物，特别优选含有聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）。在所述可电切换的透射率可变的SPD-薄膜的外边缘区域中，优选地在其整个外边缘区域中布置边缘密封。所述边缘密封，优选地作为绝缘薄膜，含有聚酰亚胺（PI）和/或聚异丁烯（PIB）。
在本发明的范围内，将SPD-薄膜理解为多层薄膜，在其中实际活性的SPD-薄膜平面地布置在至少一个第一和至少一个第二载体薄膜之间。SPD-薄膜的优点在于所述可切换的复合玻璃组件制造简单。在制造该玻璃组件之前，可以以较大件数提供所述SPD-薄膜，并且在制造时简单地放入到复合材料中，然后将其用传统方法层压成复合玻璃。
所述载体薄膜优选地含有至少一种热塑性聚合物，特别优选聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）。各载体薄膜的厚度优选为0.1 mm至1 mm，特别优选为0.1 mm为0.2 mm。
所述边缘密封优选地从所述可电切换的透射率可变的SPD-薄膜的外边缘区域向该SPD-薄膜内表面方向延伸至少1 mm。该边缘密封优选包括聚酰亚胺薄膜或者聚酰亚胺膜。在本发明的意义上，术语“外边缘区域”意指水平平面薄膜的切边。借助所述边缘密封的覆盖，明显和可测量地减少了该中间层的老化。在此，该边缘密封的含聚酰亚胺的组成令人惊奇地展现出例如比商购可得的胶带（“Tesafilm®”）更好的老化防护。
在一个替代实施方案中，该边缘密封在中间层区域中形成为至少1 mm深的刻槽。该刻槽至少延伸至SPD-薄膜，并且用聚异丁烯（PIB）和随后用聚氨酯（PU）填充。该边缘密封有效地保护SPD-薄膜防止老化并延长所述可切换的玻璃组件的使用寿命。
所述热塑性聚合物薄膜优选地含有PVB（聚乙烯醇缩丁醛）和/或EVA（聚乙烯醋酸乙烯酯 (polyethylvinylacetat)）。由EVA构成的聚合物薄膜与含有聚酰亚胺（PI）和/或聚异丁烯的本发明的边缘密封结合，令人惊奇地显示了最高的老化保护。这可能归因于在所述玻璃的层压期间，本发明的边缘密封和EVA（聚乙烯醋酸乙烯酯(polyethylvinylacetat)）非常强地结合。
该可切换的复合玻璃组件优选在第一玻璃和第二热塑性聚合物薄膜之间包含第三热塑性聚合物薄膜。该第三热塑性聚合物薄膜可以有助于改善机械性能，例如防碎性。或者，该第三热塑性薄膜也可以用作其它功能（例如防晒）的载体。
该可切换的复合玻璃组件优选在第三热塑性聚合物薄膜和第二热塑性聚合物薄膜之间包含防IR（红外）-辐射层。
该防IR辐射层优选地含有铌、钽、钼、锆、银、金、铝、镍、铬、铜和/或它们的混合物或者合金。
该可电切换的透射率可变的SPD-薄膜优选地具有比第一热塑性聚合物薄膜和第二热塑性聚合物薄膜小1 mm至4 mm的边距（切口（cut-out））。这导致，围绕所述SPD-薄膜的第一热塑性薄膜和第二热塑性薄膜超过该SPD-薄膜的外边缘1 mm至4 mm。该热塑性薄膜的超出结合本发明的边缘密封再一次明显提高所述SPD-薄膜和整个可切换的复合玻璃组件的抗老化性。
该边缘密封优选地含有由聚氨酯构成的进一步提高抗老化性的覆盖物。
所述可电切换的透射率可变的SPD-薄膜优选地具有100 µm至500 µm，优选150 µm至400 µm的厚度。
所述可电切换的透射率可变的SPD-薄膜优选包括电接触。该电接触与电压源和切换元件连接，因此其可以改变，也优选逐渐改变所述可切换的复合玻璃组件的透射率。
所述边缘密封优选地具有聚丙烯酸胶粘剂。在一个优选的实施方案中，该边缘密封形成为绝缘薄膜，该聚丙烯酸胶粘剂将该绝缘薄膜固定在所述可电切换的SPD-薄膜上。
此外，本发明包括用以制造可切换的复合玻璃组件的方法。在第一步骤中，可电切换的透射率可变的SPD-薄膜在其外边缘区域中用含有聚酰亚胺（PI）的边缘密封(4)包覆。该边缘密封优选形成为包含具有聚丙烯酸胶粘剂的聚酰亚胺薄膜的绝缘薄膜。该经包覆的可电切换的透射率可变的SPD-薄膜构成薄膜。
在下一步骤中，将所述薄膜布置在第一热塑性聚合物薄膜和第二热塑性聚合物薄膜之间成为中间层。如此布置第一热塑性聚合物薄膜和第二热塑性聚合物薄膜，使得这些热塑性聚合物薄膜的外边距比可电切换的透射率可变的SPD-薄膜大至少2 mm。优选地，该可电切换的透射率可变的SPD-薄膜还配备有电接触。
在随后的步骤中，将该中间层层压在第一玻璃和第二玻璃之间。在进一步的步骤中，还可以给所产生的复合玻璃配备电控制装置。
此外，本发明包括用以制造可切换的复合玻璃组件的替代方法。可电切换的透射率可变的SPD-薄膜被布置成在第一热塑性聚合物薄膜和第二热塑性聚合物薄膜之间的中间层。
随后将该中间层层压在第一玻璃和第二玻璃之间。
在下一步骤中，在所述可电切换的透射率可变的SPD-薄膜的区域中，向中间层中铣削出1 mm至5 mm深的刻槽。在后续步骤中，用聚异丁烯（PIB）填充该槽，随后用聚氨酯（PU）填充。
此外，本发明包括本发明的可切换的复合玻璃组件作为汽车玻璃、轮船玻璃、火车玻璃、飞机玻璃和/或建筑玻璃的用途。
以下借助附图进一步阐述本发明。所述附图是纯示意图而不是按比例的。其不以任何方式限制本发明。
其中：
图1示出根据现有技术的可电切换的复合玻璃组件的横截面，
图2示出根据本发明的可电切换的复合玻璃组件的横截面，
图3示出一个优选的根据本发明的可电切换的复合玻璃组件的横截面，
图4示出另一个优选的根据本发明的可电切换的复合玻璃组件的横截面，
图5示出制造根据本发明的可电切换的复合玻璃组件的流程图，和
图6示出替代的制造根据本发明的可电切换的复合玻璃组件的流程图。
图1示出了根据现有技术的可电切换的复合玻璃组件的横截面。在第一玻璃(1)和第二玻璃(2)之间布置有热塑性中间层(3)。热塑性中间层(3)包括第一热塑性聚合物薄膜(3a)和第二热塑性聚合物薄膜(3c)以及布置于其间的可电切换的透射率可变的SPD-薄膜(3b)。电压源经由未示出的电接触连接到可电切换的透射率可变的SPD-薄膜(3b)上。
图2示出了根据本发明的可电切换的复合玻璃组件的横截面。在第一玻璃(1)和第二玻璃(2)之间布置有热塑性中间层(3)。热塑性中间层(3)包括第一热塑性聚合物薄膜(3a)和第二热塑性聚合物薄膜(3c)以及布置于其间的可电切换的透射率可变的SPD-薄膜(3b)。在可电切换的透射率可变的SPD-薄膜(3b)的外边缘区域(5)中布置有边缘密封(4)。该边缘密封包含聚酰亚胺（PI），其中边缘密封(4)从外边缘区域(5)以至少1 mm的长度(L)从SPD-薄膜(3b)上方(I)和下方(II)延伸到第一热塑性聚合物薄膜(3a)和第二热塑性聚合物薄膜(3c)之间。边缘密封(4)优选作为聚酰亚胺薄膜形成。
图3示出了优选的根据本发明的可电切换的复合玻璃组件的横截面。其基本结构相应于图2中所示的。额外地，在第一玻璃(1)和中间层(3)之间布置有第三热塑性聚合物薄膜(3d)。此外，在第三热塑性聚合物薄膜(3d)和中间层(3)之间布置有防IR辐射的层(6)，例如银。
图4示出了一个替代的优选的根据本发明的可电切换的复合玻璃组件的横截面。除了边缘密封(4)以外，该基本结构相应于在图2中所示的。刻槽(7)位于中间层(3)的边缘区域中，用由聚异丁烯和聚氨酯构成的边缘密封(4)填充。
图5示出了制造本发明的可电切换的复合玻璃组件的流程图。在第一步骤中，可电切换的透射率可变的SPD-薄膜(3b)在其外边缘区域中被含有聚酰亚胺（PI）的边缘密封(4)包覆。边缘密封(4)优选形成为包括具有聚丙烯酸胶粘剂的聚酰亚胺薄膜的绝缘薄膜。被包覆的可电切换的透射率可变的SPD-薄膜(3b)构成薄膜。在下一步骤中，将该薄膜如此布置在第一热塑性聚合物薄膜和第二热塑性聚合物薄膜之间，使得热塑性聚合物薄膜(3a、3c)具有比该薄膜大至少2 mm的外边距。在最后未示出的步骤中，可电切换的透射率可变的SPD-薄膜(3b)还配备有电接触和电控制。
图6示出了替代的制造根据本发明的可电切换的复合玻璃组件的流程图。将可电切换的透射率可变的SPD-薄膜(3b)布置成在第一热塑性聚合物薄膜(3a)和第二热塑性聚合物薄膜(3c)之间的中间层(3)。所得的中间层(3)随后层压在第一玻璃(1)和第二玻璃(2)之间。在下一步骤中，在可电切换的透射率可变的SPD-薄膜(3b)的区域中向中间层(3)中铣削至少1 mm。在后续步骤中，用聚异丁烯（PIB）填充该刻槽(7)。在聚异丁烯固化之后，随后用聚氨酯（PU）密封刻槽(7)。
以下借助两个实施例和一个比较例进一步阐述本发明。所述实施例绝不限制本发明。
1. 实施例（根据本发明）
玻璃复合玻璃（20 cm x 20 cm）含有以下结构（带厚度数据）：第一玻璃(1)（2.1mm）、第一热塑性聚合物薄膜(3a)（EVA，0.38 mm）、SPD-薄膜(3b)（0.35 mm）、第二热塑性聚合物薄膜(3c)（EVA，0.38 mm）、具有银涂层的PET(6)（0.05 mm）、第三热塑性聚合物薄膜(3c)(EVA，0.38 mm)和第二玻璃(2)(2.1 mm)。SPD-薄膜(3b)在如图2和3中所示的边缘区域中用由聚酰亚胺薄膜构成的边缘密封（4）包覆。相对于SPD-薄膜(3b)，由EVA构成的热塑性薄膜 (3a、3c)超出约2 mm。该玻璃复合玻璃经受在90℃下的热贮藏28天，和在90℃和用具有1250W/h*m2的功率的氙灯（PV3929）辐照下的WOM（耐候计测试）（Wheatherometertest）1000小时。
2. 实施例（根据本发明）
玻璃复合玻璃（20 cm x 20 cm）含有以下结构（带厚度数据）：第一玻璃(1)（2.1mm）、第一热塑性聚合物薄膜(3a)（EVA，0.38 mm）、SPD-薄膜(3b)（0.35 mm）、第二热塑性聚合物薄膜(3c)（EVA，0.38 mm）、具有银涂层的PET(6)（0.05 mm）、第三热塑性聚合物薄膜(3c)（EVA，0.38 mm）、第二玻璃(2)（2.1 mm）。SPD-薄膜(3b)在如图4中所示的边界区域用由聚异丁烯和聚氨酯构成的边缘密封(4)包覆。所述玻璃复合玻璃如实施例1中一般经受在90℃下的热贮藏28天，和在90℃和用具有1250W/h*m2的功率的氙灯（PV3929）辐照下的WOM（耐候计测试）（Wheatherometertest）1000小时。
3. 比较例（现有技术）
玻璃复合玻璃相应于在实施例1和2中的玻璃复合玻璃，但没有密封SPD-薄膜(3b)。该玻璃复合玻璃如实施例1和2中一般经受在90℃下的热贮藏28天，和在90℃和用具有1250W/h*m2的功率的氙灯（PV3929）辐照下的WOM（耐候计测试）（Wheatherometertest）1000小时。
所述实施例的研究结果可见于表1中。在这些实施例中，在“热贮藏”和“WOM测试”的测试进行之后测量边界区域中的SPD-薄膜的退化。SPD-薄膜的退化通过SPD-薄膜在无电压状态下变亮来表明。表1以mm示出了SPD-薄膜在无电压状态下显现得明亮的边缘区域的大小。由此，该区域不再（完全）具有功能。
表1：SPD-薄膜在外部边缘区域的退化
热贮藏 WOM测试
实施例1 < 0.5 mm < 1 mm
实施例2 < 1 mm < 2 mm
比较例3 > 5 mm > 5 mm
本发明的实施例1和实施例2在热贮藏和WOM-测试情况下显示出仅非常小和可忽略的SPD-薄膜边缘损害。根据测试条件，起功能作用的边缘区域的减小在0.5 mm至2 mm之间变化。在比较例3中，SPD-薄膜的边缘损坏（> 5 mm）是本发明实施例中的2.5至10倍。该结果是令人惊奇的，并且对于本领域技术人员不是显而易见的。用商购可得的Tesafilm®隔离SPD-薄膜显示出与比较例3相似的值。
附图标记列表
(1) 第一玻璃
(2) 第二玻璃
(3) 中间层
(3a) 第一热塑性聚合物薄膜
(3b) 可电切换的透射率可变的SPD-薄膜
(3c) 第二热塑性聚合物薄膜
(3d) 第三热塑性聚合物薄膜
(4) 边缘密封
(5) 外边缘区域
(6) 防IR辐射的涂层
(7) 刻槽
(L) 沿SPD-薄膜的边缘密封的长度
(I) SPD-薄膜上表面
(II) SPD-薄膜下表面

Claims (12)

1.可切换的复合玻璃组件，其至少包括：
a. 第一玻璃 (1),
b. 第二玻璃(2)和
c. 布置于其间的中间层(3)，其中中间层(3)至少含有第一热塑性聚合物薄膜(3a)和第二热塑性聚合物薄膜(3c)以及布置于其间的SPD-薄膜(3b)，和
d. 布置在中间层(3)的外边缘区域(5)中的边缘密封(4)，其含有聚酰亚胺，
其中边缘密封(4)覆盖外边缘区域(5)中的SPD-薄膜(3b)，并且在SPD-薄膜(3b)的内表面的上方和下方(I、II)延伸至少1 mm的长度(L)，且其中边缘密封(4)包括聚酰亚胺薄膜，其中第一热塑性聚合物薄膜(3a)的外边缘和第二热塑性聚合物薄膜(3c)的外边缘比边缘密封(4)包覆的SPD-薄膜(3b)的被覆外边缘突出至少2 mm。
2.根据权利要求1的可切换的复合玻璃组件，其中在第一玻璃(1)和第二热塑性聚合物薄膜(3c)之间布置有第三热塑性聚合物薄膜(3d)。
3.根据权利要求2的可切换的复合玻璃组件，其中在第三热塑性聚合物薄膜(3d)和第二热塑性聚合物薄膜(3c)之间布置有防IR辐射的涂层(6)。
4.根据权利要求3的可切换的复合玻璃组件，其中防IR辐射的涂层(6)含有铌、钽、钼、锆、银、金、铝、镍、铬、铜和/或它们的混合物或者合金。
5.根据权利要求1或2的可切换的复合玻璃组件，其中热塑性聚合物薄膜(3a、3c、3d)含有聚乙烯醇缩丁醛和/或聚乙烯基乙酸乙酯。
6.根据权利要求1的可切换的复合玻璃组件，其中SPD-薄膜(3b)具有100 µm至500 µm的厚度。
7.根据权利要求1的可切换的复合玻璃组件，其中SPD-薄膜(3b)包括电接触。
8.根据权利要求1的可切换的复合玻璃组件，其中边缘密封(4)包含聚丙烯酸胶粘剂。
9.根据权利要求5的可切换的复合玻璃组件，其中热塑性聚合物薄膜(3a、3c、3d)含有聚乙烯基乙酸乙酯。
10.根据权利要求6的可切换的复合玻璃组件，其中SPD-薄膜(3b)具有150µm至400 µm的厚度。
11.制造根据权利要求1至10任一项的可切换的复合玻璃组件的方法，其中
a.将SPD-薄膜(3b)在其外边缘区域用含有聚酰亚胺的边缘密封(4)包覆，由此获得功能薄膜，其中边缘密封(4)形成为包含具有聚丙烯酸胶粘剂的聚酰亚胺薄膜的绝缘薄膜，
b. 将功能薄膜布置在第一热塑性聚合物薄膜(3a)和第二热塑性聚合物薄膜(3c)之间成为中间层(3)，其中第一热塑性聚合物薄膜(3a)的外边缘和第二热塑性聚合物薄膜(3c)的外边缘比边缘密封(4)包覆的SPD-薄膜(3b)的被覆外边缘突出至少2 mm，并且
c. 将中间层(3)和功能薄膜层压在第一玻璃(1)和第二玻璃(2)之间。
12.根据权利要求1至10任一项的可切换的复合玻璃组件作为汽车玻璃、轮船玻璃、火车玻璃、飞机玻璃和/或建筑玻璃的用途。
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