CN104509245B - A kind of discarded people's ginseng land soil method and soil disinfection apparatus thereof - Google Patents

A kind of discarded people's ginseng land soil method and soil disinfection apparatus thereof Download PDF

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CN104509245B
CN104509245B CN201410827333.1A CN201410827333A CN104509245B CN 104509245 B CN104509245 B CN 104509245B CN 201410827333 A CN201410827333 A CN 201410827333A CN 104509245 B CN104509245 B CN 104509245B
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soil
injection apparatus
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deep
ginseng
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CN104509245A (en
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韩京龙
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JILIN SANLONG ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
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韩京龙
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Abstract

The present invention relates to soil disinfection, improving technology field, especially a kind of soil improvement method to discarded ginseng ground.Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of discarded people's ginseng land soil method, comprise and soil disinfection, soil remediation, phytoremediation step are carried out successively to the soil that will sterilize, described soil disinfection comprises soil physics sterilization and soil chemistry sterilization method, present invention also offers the technical scheme of the special purpose device of sterilizing for soil physics sterilization and soil chemistry.Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is: by the transformation to discarded ginseng ground, and comprehensive utilization is used for improveing discarded ginseng ground soil, replys soil productivity, reaches discarded ginseng ground continuous cropping recycling object.Create the soil environment being more conducive to Ginseng Growth, increase the reserves of the forest resources and Ginseng under Forest, utilize the operations such as special-purpose machinery carries out disinfection, reduce cost of labor, increase work efficiency.

Description

A kind of discarded people's ginseng land soil method and soil disinfection apparatus thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil disinfection, improving technology field, especially a kind of soil improvement method to discarded ginseng ground and soil disinfection apparatus thereof.
Background technology
Ginseng is the traditional rare traditional Chinese medicine of China, belongs to Araliaceae perennial root herbaceous plant, has reinforcing vital energy, intelligence development of calming the nerves, adjusts tonifying five zang organs, and the effect such as delay senility.China is the big country producing ginseng in the world, and area under cultivation and output all occupy first place in the world.Ginseng planting is Jilin Province's pillar industry, the culture of ginseng method mainly deforestation cultivation ginseng of current most places, because soil mostly is forest soil, and fertile soil, nutrient is sufficient, therefore the ginseng output of producing is high, quality good; But ginseng is perennial plant, be therefore about a large amount of nutrient absorbed in soil in 4-6 at a growth cycle; Microorganism species generation essence in the growth cycle of 4-6 in soil changes mainly pathogen and increases; The secretion of the various materials that the change of microorganism species causes and ginseng resist substance accumulation secreted by outside unfavorable factor in soil in process of growth, the toxic substance of Soil Microorganism and plant secretion increases, ginseng planting causes large stretch of dark woods to receive damage, because ginseng is perennial plant, avoid ground property extremely strong, can not continuous cropping, namely planted one batch of later soil of ginseng and can not plant ginseng again in several years even decades, ginseng can not continuous cropping, and country causes the destruction of dark woods resource.Therefore, ginseng planting's industry lacks crisis with being faced with serious ginseng, and serious challenge is suffered in the sustainable development of ginseng.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems referred to above of prior art, the invention provides a kind of soil improvement method of discarded ginseng ground.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of discarded people's ginseng land soil method, comprise and soil disinfection, soil remediation, phytoremediation step are carried out successively to the soil that will sterilize, described soil disinfection refers to that soil physics is sterilized, and comprises the following steps:
A. heating system 2, water tank 1 and high-pressure installation 3 is utilized to manufacture 3-10 atmospheric high-temperature steam;
B. deep spray device 4 is inserted in the soil that will sterilize, insertion depth 30-60cm;
C. shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 is routed to the soil surface that will sterilize;
D. lay outer covering layer 6 at the soil surface that will sterilize, interval 50-300cm ballast pipe 7 is laid direction along shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 outside and is pushed down outer covering layer 6;
E. steam output pipe 33 is connected with high-pressure installation 3 by steam collector 9; steam collector 9 is connected with deep spray device 4 with shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 respectively by steam pipeline 8, pushes down shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 and steam pipeline 8 junction with ballast chain;
F. the high-temperature steam making step a manufacture is filled with deep spray device 4 and shallow-layer injection apparatus 5, carries out deep layer sterilization and shallow-layer sterilization respectively to the soil that will sterilize;
G. disinfecting process continues 30-90 minute;
H., after completing above step, wait for 1 month, enter next step;
Described soil remediation, comprises the following steps:
I. one or more in discarded feces of livestock and poultry, stalk, humus soil or the peat composed of rotten mosses are made organic nutrition material by high-temperature aerobic fermentation method;
J. micropore microorganism enrichment material is made in one or more charings in timber, bamboo or stalk, pulverizing;
K. ripe rice and micropore microorganism enrichment material are mixed in the ratio of 1:0.1-10; be contained in the vessel not having lid; reach 2/3 of vessel height; landfill was being planted in ginseng ground soil; wire netting on mouth mask upper cap; wire netting covers gauze, places and take out after 7-20 days, obtain soil incubation body;
L. micropore microorganism enrichment material and soil incubation body are mixed in the ratio of 1-100:1-1000, slaking 7-30 days, make slaking micropore microorganism enrichment material;
M. manufacture soil conditioner: by slaking micropore microorganism enrichment material and organic nutrition material in the mixing of 1-10:1-1000 ratio, to be fermented slaking by aerobic fermentation method, make soil conditioner;
N. soil conditioner is applied to equably in 0-60cm soil profile, uses 0.1-10 ton for every mu;
Described phytoremediation, comprises the following steps:
O. the grown on soil corn of soil disinfection and soil remediation, soybean, chestnut rice, clover, pumpkin or sunflower was being carried out;
P. the corn described in step o, soybean, chestnut rice, clover, pumpkin or sunflower planting 3 months time, pulverized and be blended directly in soil;
Q., after completing p step, wait for 9-12 month, can ginseng continuous cropping be carried out.
Can be optimized to further the method that the application proposes, described soil disinfection step also carries out soil chemistry sterilization after completing soil physics sterilization, comprises step:
R. one or more low toxicity spectrum soil disinfectants in dazomet, calcium cyanamide, metham-sodium or green prosperous No. two are evenly applied in the soil profile of 30cm-60cm;
The device that the application also provides a kind of soil chemistry of discarded people's ginseng land soil method to sterilize, comprise hauling machine 10, the hitch frame 11 that hauling machine 10 is set up, hitch frame 11 is provided with hopper 12, gases at high pressure generating means 13, the air inlet pipe 14 that one end is connected with gases at high pressure generating means 13, the feed pipe 15 that one end is connected with hopper 12, 30cm-60cm under soil can be inserted and the deep ploughing device 16 can advanced in soil, described feed pipe 15 is connected with a port of the injection apparatus 17 that can insert soil 30-60cm with the other end of air inlet pipe 14, injection apparatus 17 other end is provided with sealing 18, described sealing is provided with evenly distributed spray-hole 19, described injection apparatus 17 is arranged on the side that deep ploughing device 16 deviates from traction direct of travel, hitch frame 11 is 0.5-3 rice along the width in direct of travel vertical direction.
The device of soil chemistry sterilization can be optimized for, described deep ploughing device 16 is provided with cutting plate 23, described hitch frame 11 arranges hold-down devices 21, what upper end was connected with hold-down devices 21 plugs into 22, described cutting plate 23 with plug into 22 lower ends in succession, the lower end of cutting plate 23 is connected with reaming bullet 24, cutting plate 23 is connected with cutting edge 25 along direct of travel side, opposite side is by the fixing described injection apparatus 17 of connector 26, wherein reaming bullet 24 front end is that half ellipse extends back form columned tail end along the rotary body of its major axis, wherein the width of ellipse short shaft is 3-20cm, the height of cutting plate 23 is 30-60cm, the length paralleled with direct of travel is 2-10cm, the thickness perpendicular with direct of travel is 2-10cm, the cross sectional shape of cutting edge 25 is triangle.
The device of soil chemistry sterilization also can be optimized for, described deep ploughing device 16 is provided with J type soil cutter 27, described hitch frame 11 is provided with hold-down devices 21, J type soil cutter 27 along direct of travel side with blade, described injection apparatus 17 is connected with bracing means 28, and plugging into of described bracing means 28 and hold-down devices 21 lower end 22 is connected.
The device of soil chemistry sterilization can also be optimized for, described deep ploughing device 16 is provided with soil chopping disk, described hitch frame 11 is provided with hold-down devices 21, described soil chopping disk comprises the soil cutter 30 of at least two S types, the length of soil cutter 30 is 30-60cm, one end of soil cutter 30 is connected with the dish axle 32 be arranged on hitch frame 11, dish axle 32 can around its axis rotation, described injection apparatus 17 is provided with bracing means 28, and plugging into of described bracing means 28 and hold-down devices 21 lower end 22 is connected.
The device of soil chemistry sterilization also can be optimized for further, and described deep ploughing device 16 is 2-10, and the direction vertical along hauling machine 10 direct of travel is evenly arranged on hitch frame 11.
The application also provides a kind of soil physics chlorination equipment, comprise heating system 2, water tank 1, high-pressure installation 3, steam collector 9, be provided with the shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 for thin solum sterilization, for the deep spray device 4 of deep soil sterilization, heating system 2 is arranged on bottom water tank 1 or all sides, high-pressure installation 3 air inlet is connected with water tank 1 steam (vapor) outlet, high-pressure installation 3 connects steam collector 9 by steam output pipe 33, steam collector 9 is connected with deep spray device 4 with shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 respectively by steam pipeline 8, at least one shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 and at least one deep spray device 4 form a disinfection unit, shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 is laid in the surface of the soil that will sterilize, deep spray device 4 is inserted in the soil that will sterilize, each disinfection unit lays outer covering layer 6 outward, outer covering layer 6 is provided with ballast pipe 7 along shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 both sides, shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 and steam pipeline 8 junction are provided with ballast chain.
The device of soil physics sterilization can be optimized for, described shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 is made up of high temperature resistant, withstand voltage jet hose 34, jet hose 34 cross section is straight line near the side of soil surface, the side deviating from soil surface is circular arc or oval camber line, jet hose 34 the widest part is 20cm-200cm, the face that jet hose 34 contacts soil surface is provided with the shallow-layer jet apertures 35 that diameter is 0.01cm-5cm, shallow-layer jet apertures 35 distribution density is 10-10000/square metre, jet hose 34 one end is closed, and the other end is connected with steam pipeline 8, described deep spray device 4 comprises hard hollow elongated tube 39, the diameter of hard hollow elongated tube 39 is 1cm-10cm, length is 30cm-100cm, hard hollow elongated tube 39 one end is the inserter 36 being provided with triangular pyramidal, the other end is connected with steam pipeline 8, hard hollow elongated tube 39 is provided with the deep spray aperture 37 that diameter is 0.01cm-5cm, deep spray aperture 37 distribution density is 10-10000/square metre, described shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 is connected by L-type connector with between steam pipeline 8, described deep spray device 4 is connected by triplet type connector 38 with between steam pipeline 8.
The device of soil physics sterilization can be optimized for further, and described heating system 2, water tank 1, high-pressure installation 3 are arranged on the tractor that can walk.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is: by the transformation to discarded ginseng ground, and comprehensive utilization is used for improveing discarded ginseng ground soil, replys soil productivity, reaches discarded ginseng ground continuous cropping recycling object.Create the soil environment being more conducive to Ginseng Growth, increase the reserves of the forest resources and Ginseng under Forest, utilize the operations such as special-purpose machinery carries out disinfection, reduce cost of labor, increase work efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the deep ploughing apparatus structure schematic diagram in specific embodiment 4,5
Fig. 2 is the structural representation at another visual angle of deep ploughing device in specific embodiment 4,5
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the chemical disinfection device of specific embodiment 1,2,3,6,7
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the chemical disinfection device of specific embodiment 1,2,3,8,9
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the chemical disinfection device of specific embodiment 1,2,3,4,5
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the shallow-layer injection apparatus of specific embodiment 10,11,12
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the deep spray device of specific embodiment 10,11,12
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the physical disinfection device of specific embodiment 1,2,3,10,11,12
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the removal covering of the physical disinfection device of specific embodiment 1,2,3,10,11,12.
1, water tank; 2, heating system; 3, high-pressure installation; 4, deep spray device; 5, shallow-layer injection apparatus; 6, outer covering layer; 7, ballast pipe; 8, steam pipeline; 9, steam collector; 10, hauling machine; 11, hitch frame; 12, hopper; 13, gases at high pressure generating means; 14, air inlet pipe; 15, feed pipe; 16, deep ploughing device; 17, injection apparatus; 18, seal; 19, spray-hole; 21, hold-down devices; 22, plug into; 23, cutting plate; 24, reaming bullet; 25, cutting edge; 26, connector; 27, J type soil cutter; 28, bracing means; 30, soil cutter; 31, soil horizon; 32, axle is coiled; 33, steam output pipe; 34, jet hose; 35, shallow-layer jet apertures; 36, inserter; 37, deep spray aperture; 38, through-type connector; 39, hard hollow elongated tube.
embodiment:
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but not as a limitation of the invention.
Specific embodiment 1: composition graphs 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 8, Fig. 9 are discarded people's ginseng land soil method to the one that the application proposes and be described in detail.
A kind of discarded people's ginseng land soil method, annual April comes into effect, and comprise and carry out soil disinfection, soil remediation, phytoremediation step successively to the soil that will sterilize, described soil disinfection refers to that soil physics is sterilized, and comprises the following steps:
A. heating system 2, water tank 1 and high-pressure installation 3 is utilized to manufacture pressure 3 atmospheric high-temperature steams;
B. deep spray device 4 is inserted in the soil that will sterilize, insertion depth 30cm;
C. shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 is routed to the soil surface that will sterilize;
D. lay outer covering layer 6 at the soil surface that will sterilize, interval 50cm ballast pipe 7 is laid direction along shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 outside and is pushed down outer covering layer 6;
E. steam output pipe 33 is connected with high-pressure installation 3 by steam collector 9; steam collector 9 is connected with deep spray device 4 with shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 respectively by steam pipeline 8, pushes down shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 and steam pipeline 8 junction with ballast chain;
F. the high-temperature steam making step a manufacture is filled with deep spray device 4 and shallow-layer injection apparatus 5, carries out deep layer sterilization and shallow-layer sterilization respectively to the soil that will sterilize;
G. disinfecting process continues 30 minutes;
R. dazomet low toxicity spectrum soil disinfectant is evenly applied in the soil profile of 30cm;
H., after completing above step, wait for 1 month, enter next step;
Described soil remediation, monthly comes into effect, comprise the following steps May:
I. one or more in discarded feces of livestock and poultry, stalk, humus soil or the peat composed of rotten mosses are made organic nutrition material by high-temperature aerobic fermentation method;
J. micropore microorganism enrichment material is made in one or more charings in timber, bamboo or stalk, pulverizing;
K. ripe for 10KG rice and 1KG micropore microorganism enrichment material are pressed mixing, be contained in the vessel not having lid, reach 2/3 of vessel height; landfill was being planted in ginseng ground soil, and wire netting on mouth mask upper cap, wire netting covers gauze; place and take out after 7 days, obtain soil incubation body;
L. by 10KG micropore microorganism enrichment material and the mixing of 10KG soil incubation body, slaking 7 days, makes slaking micropore microorganism enrichment material;
M. soil conditioner is manufactured: by 10KG slaking micropore microorganism enrichment material and the mixing of 10KG organic nutrition material proportion, to be fermented slaking by aerobic fermentation method, make soil conditioner;
N. 10KG soil conditioner is applied to equably in the dark 1cm soil profile of 0.1 mu of soil that will sterilize and improve;
Described phytoremediation, annual August comes into effect, and comprises the following steps:
O. the grown on soil corn of soil disinfection and soil remediation will be carried out;
During the planting p. described in step o 3 months, pulverized and be blended directly in soil;
Q. after completing p step, in the April of Second Year, ginseng continuous cropping can be carried out.
Specific embodiment 2:: composition graphs 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 8, Fig. 9 are discarded people's ginseng land soil method to the one that the application proposes and be described in detail.
A kind of discarded people's ginseng land soil method, annual April comes into effect, and comprise and carry out soil disinfection, soil remediation, phytoremediation step successively to the soil that will sterilize, described soil disinfection refers to that soil physics is sterilized, and comprises the following steps:
A. heating system 2, water tank 1 and high-pressure installation 3 is utilized to manufacture 10 atmospheric high-temperature steams;
B. deep spray device 4 is inserted in the soil that will sterilize, insertion depth 60cm;
C. shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 is routed to the soil surface that will sterilize;
D. lay outer covering layer 6 at the soil surface that will sterilize, interval 300cm ballast pipe 7 is laid direction along shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 outside and is pushed down outer covering layer 6;
E. steam output pipe 33 is connected with high-pressure installation 3 by steam collector 9; steam collector 9 is connected with deep spray device 4 with shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 respectively by steam pipeline 8, pushes down shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 and steam pipeline 8 junction with ballast chain;
F. the high-temperature steam making step a manufacture is filled with deep spray device 4 and shallow-layer injection apparatus 5, carries out deep layer sterilization and shallow-layer sterilization respectively to the soil that will sterilize;
G. disinfecting process continues 90 minutes;
R. be evenly applied to after dazomet, calcium cyanamide, the mixing of metham-sodium low toxicity spectrum soil disinfectant equal proportion in the soil profile of 60cm;
H., after completing above step, wait for 1 month, enter next step;
Described soil remediation, monthly comes into effect, comprise the following steps May:
I. one or more in discarded feces of livestock and poultry, stalk, humus soil or the peat composed of rotten mosses are made organic nutrition material by high-temperature aerobic fermentation method;
J. micropore microorganism enrichment material is made in one or more charings in timber, bamboo or stalk, pulverizing;
K. ripe for 10KG rice and 100KG micropore microorganism enrichment material are pressed mixing, be contained in the vessel not having lid, reach 2/3 of vessel height; landfill was being planted in ginseng ground soil, and wire netting on mouth mask upper cap, wire netting covers gauze; place and take out after 20 days, obtain soil incubation body;
L. by 10KG micropore microorganism enrichment material and the mixing of 100KG soil incubation body, slaking 30 days, makes slaking micropore microorganism enrichment material;
M. soil conditioner is manufactured: by 10KG slaking micropore microorganism enrichment material and the mixing of 1000KG organic nutrition material proportion, to be fermented slaking by aerobic fermentation method, make soil conditioner;
N. 1000KG soil conditioner is applied to equably in the dark 60cm soil profile of 0.1 mu of soil that will sterilize and improve;
Described phytoremediation, annual August comes into effect, and comprises the following steps:
O. the grown on soil chestnut rice of soil disinfection and soil remediation will be carried out;
During the planting p. described in step o 3 months, pulverized and be blended directly in soil;
Q. after completing p step, in the April of Second Year, ginseng continuous cropping can be carried out.
Specific embodiment 3:: composition graphs 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 8, Fig. 9 are discarded people's ginseng land soil method to the one that the application proposes and be described in detail.
A kind of discarded people's ginseng land soil method, annual April comes into effect, and comprise and carry out soil disinfection, soil remediation, phytoremediation step successively to the soil that will sterilize, described soil disinfection refers to that soil physics is sterilized, and comprises the following steps:
A. heating system 2, water tank 1 and high-pressure installation 3 is utilized to manufacture 7 atmospheric high-temperature steams;
B. deep spray device 4 is inserted in the soil that will sterilize, insertion depth 50cm;
C. shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 is routed to the soil surface that will sterilize;
D. lay outer covering layer 6 at the soil surface that will sterilize, interval 150 is laid direction along shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 outside with ballast pipe 7 and is pushed down outer covering layer 6;
E. steam output pipe 33 is connected with high-pressure installation 3 by steam collector 9; steam collector 9 is connected with deep spray device 4 with shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 respectively by steam pipeline 8, pushes down shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 and steam pipeline 8 junction with ballast chain;
F. the high-temperature steam making step a manufacture is filled with deep spray device 4 and shallow-layer injection apparatus 5, carries out deep layer sterilization and shallow-layer sterilization respectively to the soil that will sterilize;
G. disinfecting process continues 60 minutes;
R. by after metham-sodium and green prosperous No. two low toxicity spectrum soil disinfectant equal proportions mixing, be evenly applied in the soil profile of 60cm;
H., after completing above step, wait for 1 month, enter next step;
Described soil remediation, monthly comes into effect, comprise the following steps May:
I. one or more in discarded feces of livestock and poultry, stalk, humus soil or the peat composed of rotten mosses are made organic nutrition material by high-temperature aerobic fermentation method;
J. micropore microorganism enrichment material is made in one or more charings in timber, bamboo or stalk, pulverizing;
K. ripe for 10KG rice and 50KG micropore microorganism enrichment material are pressed mixing, be contained in the vessel not having lid, reach 2/3 of vessel height; landfill was being planted in ginseng ground soil, and wire netting on mouth mask upper cap, wire netting covers gauze; place and take out after 10 days, obtain soil incubation body;
L. by 10KG micropore microorganism enrichment material and the mixing of 1000KG soil incubation body, slaking 15 days, makes slaking micropore microorganism enrichment material;
M. soil conditioner is manufactured: by 10KG slaking micropore microorganism enrichment material and the mixing of 2000KG organic nutrition material proportion, to be fermented slaking by aerobic fermentation method, make soil conditioner;
N. 1000KG soil conditioner is applied to equably in the dark 30cm soil profile of 0.2 mu of soil that will sterilize and improve;
Described phytoremediation, annual August comes into effect, and comprises the following steps:
O. the grown on soil soybean of soil disinfection and soil remediation will be carried out;
During the planting p. described in step o 3 months, pulverized and be blended directly in soil;
Q. after completing o, p step, in the April of Second Year, ginseng continuous cropping can be carried out.
Specific embodiment 4, is described in detail to a kind of prioritization scheme of the device that the soil chemistry of a kind of discarded people's ginseng land soil method that the application provides is sterilized below in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 5
A kind of device of soil chemistry sterilization of discarded people's ginseng land soil method comprises hauling machine 10, the hitch frame 11 that hauling machine 10 is set up, hitch frame 11 is provided with hopper 12, gases at high pressure generating means 13, the air inlet pipe 14 that one end is connected with gases at high pressure generating means 13, the feed pipe 15 that one end is connected with hopper 12, 30cm under soil can be inserted and the deep ploughing device 16 can advanced in soil, described feed pipe 15 is connected with a port of the injection apparatus 17 that can insert soil 30cm with the other end of air inlet pipe 14, injection apparatus 17 other end is provided with sealing 18, described sealing is provided with evenly distributed spray-hole 19, described injection apparatus 17 is arranged on the side that deep ploughing device 16 deviates from traction direct of travel, hitch frame 11 is 0.5 meter along the width in direct of travel vertical direction.Described deep ploughing device 16 is provided with cutting plate 23, described hitch frame 11 arranges hold-down devices 21, what upper end was connected with hold-down devices 21 plugs into 22, described cutting plate 23 with plug into 22 lower ends in succession, the lower end of cutting plate 23 is connected with reaming bullet 24, cutting plate 23 is connected with cutting edge 25 along direct of travel side, opposite side is by the fixing described injection apparatus 17 of connector 26, wherein reaming bullet 24 front end is that half ellipse extends back form columned tail end along the rotary body of its major axis, wherein the width of ellipse short shaft is 3cm, the height of cutting plate 23 is 30cm, the length paralleled with direct of travel is 2cm, the thickness perpendicular with direct of travel is 2cm, the cross sectional shape of cutting edge 25 is triangle.
Described deep ploughing device 16 is 2, and the direction vertical along hauling machine 10 direct of travel is evenly arranged on hitch frame 11.
Hauling machine 10 is utilized by the traction of this equipment to carrying out in the arable land of chemical disinfection during use, hold-down devices 21 presses down, deep ploughing device 16 is made to insert in the soil that will sterilize, start gases at high pressure generating means 13, make gases at high pressure enter injection apparatus 17 with the disinfectant in hopper 12, and by spray-hole 19 by disinfectant jet in the soil tomography that will sterilize.
Specific embodiment 5, is described in detail to a kind of prioritization scheme of device that the soil chemistry of a kind of discarded people's ginseng land soil method that the application provides is sterilized below in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 5.
A kind of device of soil chemistry sterilization of discarded people's ginseng land soil method comprises hauling machine 10, the hitch frame 11 that hauling machine 10 is set up, hitch frame 11 is provided with hopper 12, gases at high pressure generating means 13, the air inlet pipe 14 that one end is connected with gases at high pressure generating means 13, the feed pipe 15 that one end is connected with hopper 12, 60cm under soil can be inserted and the deep ploughing device 16 can advanced in soil, described feed pipe 15 is connected with a port of the injection apparatus 17 that can insert soil 60cm with the other end of air inlet pipe 14, injection apparatus 17 other end is provided with sealing 18, described sealing is provided with evenly distributed spray-hole 19, described injection apparatus 17 is arranged on the side that deep ploughing device 16 deviates from traction direct of travel, hitch frame 11 is 3 meters along the width in direct of travel vertical direction.Described deep ploughing device 16 is provided with cutting plate 23, described hitch frame 11 arranges hold-down devices 21, what upper end was connected with hold-down devices 21 plugs into 22, described cutting plate 23 with plug into 22 lower ends in succession, the lower end of cutting plate 23 is connected with reaming bullet 24, cutting plate 23 is connected with cutting edge 25 along direct of travel side, opposite side is by the fixing described injection apparatus 17 of connector 26, wherein reaming bullet 24 front end is that half ellipse extends back form columned tail end along the rotary body of its major axis, wherein the width of ellipse short shaft is 20cm, the height of cutting plate 23 is 60cm, the length paralleled with direct of travel is 10cm, the thickness perpendicular with direct of travel is 10cm, the cross sectional shape of cutting edge 25 is triangle.
Described deep ploughing device 16 is 10, and the direction vertical along hauling machine 10 direct of travel is evenly arranged on hitch frame 11.
Its operational mode is with specific embodiment 4.
Specific embodiment 6, is described in detail to a kind of prioritization scheme of the device that the soil chemistry of a kind of discarded people's ginseng land soil method that the application provides is sterilized below in conjunction with Fig. 3
A kind of device of soil chemistry sterilization of discarded people's ginseng land soil method comprises hauling machine 10, the hitch frame 11 that hauling machine 10 is set up, hitch frame 11 is provided with hopper 12, gases at high pressure generating means 13, the air inlet pipe 14 that one end is connected with gases at high pressure generating means 13, the feed pipe 15 that one end is connected with hopper 12, 60cm under soil can be inserted and the deep ploughing device 16 can advanced in soil, described feed pipe 15 is connected with a port of the injection apparatus 17 that can insert soil 60cm with the other end of air inlet pipe 14, injection apparatus 17 other end is provided with sealing 18, described sealing is provided with evenly distributed spray-hole 19, described injection apparatus 17 is arranged on the side that deep ploughing device 16 deviates from traction direct of travel, hitch frame 11 is 1.5 meters along the width in direct of travel vertical direction.Described deep ploughing device 16 is provided with J type soil cutter 27, described hitch frame 11 is provided with hold-down devices 21, J type soil cutter 27 along direct of travel side with blade, described injection apparatus 17 is connected with bracing means 28, and plugging into of described bracing means 28 and hold-down devices 21 lower end 22 is connected.
Described deep ploughing device 16 is 5, and the direction vertical along hauling machine 10 direct of travel is evenly arranged on hitch frame 11.
Its method of operation is with specific embodiment 4.
Specific embodiment 7, is described in detail to a kind of prioritization scheme of the device that the soil chemistry of a kind of discarded people's ginseng land soil method that the application provides is sterilized below in conjunction with Fig. 3
Except the insertion soil depth of deep ploughing device 16 and injection apparatus 17 is except 30cm, other is identical with specific embodiment 6.
Specific embodiment 8, is described in detail to a kind of prioritization scheme of the device that the soil chemistry of a kind of discarded people's ginseng land soil method that the application provides is sterilized below in conjunction with Fig. 4.
A kind of device of soil chemistry sterilization of discarded people's ginseng land soil method comprises hauling machine 10, the hitch frame 11 that hauling machine 10 is set up, hitch frame 11 is provided with hopper 12, gases at high pressure generating means 13, the air inlet pipe 14 that one end is connected with gases at high pressure generating means 13, the feed pipe 15 that one end is connected with hopper 12, 60cm under soil can be inserted and the deep ploughing device 16 can advanced in soil, described feed pipe 15 is connected with a port of the injection apparatus 17 that can insert soil 60cm with the other end of air inlet pipe 14, injection apparatus 17 other end is provided with sealing 18, described sealing is provided with evenly distributed spray-hole 19, described injection apparatus 17 is arranged on the side that deep ploughing device 16 deviates from traction direct of travel, hitch frame 11 is 1.5 meters along the width in direct of travel vertical direction.Described deep ploughing device 16 is provided with soil chopping disk, described hitch frame 11 is provided with hold-down devices 21, described soil chopping disk comprises the soil cutter 30 of two S types, the length of soil cutter 30 is 60cm, one end of soil cutter 30 is connected with the dish axle 32 be arranged on hitch frame 11, dish axle 32 around its axis rotation, described injection apparatus 17 can be provided with bracing means 28, and plugging into of described bracing means 28 and hold-down devices 21 lower end 22 is connected.
Described deep ploughing device 16 is 5, and the direction vertical along hauling machine 10 direct of travel is evenly arranged on hitch frame 11.
Specific embodiment 9: a kind of prioritization scheme of the device that the soil chemistry of a kind of discarded people's ginseng land soil method that the application provides is sterilized is described in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 4.
Except deep ploughing device 16 and the insertion soil depth of injection apparatus 17 be 30cm, the length of soil cutter 30 is except 60cm, other is identical with specific embodiment 8.
Specific embodiment 10: the device that a kind of soil physics sterilization provided in the application is provided in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 8, Fig. 9.
A kind of soil physics chlorination equipment, comprise heating system 2, water tank 1, high-pressure installation 3, steam collector 9, be provided with the shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 for thin solum sterilization, for the deep spray device 4 of deep soil sterilization, heating system 2 is arranged on bottom water tank 1 or all sides, high-pressure installation 3 air inlet is connected with water tank 1 steam (vapor) outlet, high-pressure installation 3 connects steam collector 9 by steam output pipe 33, steam collector 9 is connected with deep spray device 4 with shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 respectively by steam pipeline 8, a shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 and a deep spray device 4 form a disinfection unit, shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 is laid in the surface of the soil that will sterilize, deep spray device 4 is inserted in the soil that will sterilize, each disinfection unit lays outer covering layer 6 outward, outer covering layer 6 is provided with ballast pipe 7 along shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 both sides, shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 and steam pipeline 8 junction are provided with ballast chain.Described shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 is made up of high temperature resistant, withstand voltage jet hose 34, jet hose 34 cross section is straight line near the side of soil surface, the side deviating from soil surface is circular arc or oval camber line, jet hose 34 the widest part is 20cm, the face that jet hose 34 contacts soil surface is provided with the shallow-layer jet apertures 35 that diameter is 0.01cm, shallow-layer jet apertures 35 distribution density is 10000/square metre, and jet hose 34 one end is closed, and the other end is connected with steam pipeline 8, described deep spray device 4 comprises hard hollow elongated tube 39, the diameter of hard hollow elongated tube 39 is 1cm, length is 30cm, hard hollow elongated tube 39 one end is the inserter 36 being provided with triangular pyramidal, the other end is connected with steam pipeline 8, hard hollow elongated tube 39 is provided with the deep spray aperture 37 that diameter is 0.01cm, deep spray aperture 37 distribution density is 10000/square metre, described shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 is connected by L-type connector with between steam pipeline 8, described deep spray device 4 is connected by triplet type connector 38 with between steam pipeline 8.Described heating system 2, water tank 1, high-pressure installation 3 are arranged on the tractor that can walk.
Actual application is, above device use tractor is transported out on the soil that will sterilize, install, water is added in water tank 1, start heating system 2, high steam enters shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 and deep spray device 4 respectively by steam collector 9 and sprays, to the soil horizon that will sterilize 31 pairs of soil surfaces and deep subsoil disinfection in the aperture arranged from it.
Specific embodiment 11: the prioritization scheme that the device of a kind of soil physics sterilization provided in the application is provided in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 8, Fig. 9.
A kind of soil physics chlorination equipment, comprise heating system 2, water tank 1, high-pressure installation 3, steam collector 9, be provided with the shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 for thin solum sterilization, for the deep spray device 4 of deep soil sterilization, heating system 2 is arranged on bottom water tank 1 or all sides, high-pressure installation 3 air inlet is connected with water tank 1 steam (vapor) outlet, high-pressure installation 3 connects steam collector 9 by steam output pipe 33, steam collector 9 is connected with deep spray device 4 with shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 respectively by steam pipeline 8, a shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 and a deep spray device 4 form a disinfection unit, shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 is laid in the surface of the soil that will sterilize, deep spray device 4 is inserted in the soil that will sterilize, each disinfection unit lays outer covering layer 6 outward, outer covering layer 6 is provided with ballast pipe 7 along shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 both sides, shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 and steam pipeline 8 junction are provided with ballast chain.Described shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 is made up of high temperature resistant, withstand voltage jet hose 34, jet hose 34 cross section is straight line near the side of soil surface, the side deviating from soil surface is circular arc or oval camber line, jet hose 34 the widest part is 200cm, the face that jet hose 34 contacts soil surface is provided with the shallow-layer jet apertures 35 that diameter is 5cm, shallow-layer jet apertures 35 distribution density is 10/square metre, and jet hose 34 one end is closed, and the other end is connected with steam pipeline 8, described deep spray device 4 comprises hard hollow elongated tube 39, the diameter of hard hollow elongated tube 39 is 10cm, length is 100cm, hard hollow elongated tube 39 one end is the inserter 36 being provided with triangular pyramidal, the other end is connected with steam pipeline 8, hard hollow elongated tube 39 is provided with the deep spray aperture 37 that diameter is 5cm, deep spray aperture 37 distribution density is 10/square metre, described shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 is connected by L-type connector with between steam pipeline 8, described deep spray device 4 is connected by triplet type connector 38 with between steam pipeline 8.Described heating system 2, water tank 1, high-pressure installation 3 are arranged on the tractor that can walk.
Actual mechanical process is with specific embodiment 10.
Specific embodiment 12, describes the another kind of prioritization scheme of the device of a kind of soil physics sterilization provided in the application in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 8, Fig. 9.
A kind of soil physics chlorination equipment, comprise heating system 2, water tank 1, high-pressure installation 3, steam collector 9, be provided with the shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 for thin solum sterilization, for the deep spray device 4 of deep soil sterilization, heating system 2 is arranged on bottom water tank 1 or all sides, high-pressure installation 3 air inlet is connected with water tank 1 steam (vapor) outlet, high-pressure installation 3 connects steam collector 9 by steam output pipe 33, steam collector 9 is connected with deep spray device 4 with shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 respectively by steam pipeline 8, a shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 and a deep spray device 4 form a disinfection unit, shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 is laid in the surface of the soil that will sterilize, deep spray device 4 is inserted in the soil that will sterilize, each disinfection unit lays outer covering layer 6 outward, outer covering layer 6 is provided with ballast pipe 7 along shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 both sides, shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 and steam pipeline 8 junction are provided with ballast chain.Described shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 is made up of high temperature resistant, withstand voltage jet hose 34, jet hose 34 cross section is straight line near the side of soil surface, the side deviating from soil surface is circular arc or oval camber line, jet hose 34 the widest part is 110cm, the face that jet hose 34 contacts soil surface is provided with the shallow-layer jet apertures 35 that diameter is 2cm, shallow-layer jet apertures 35 distribution density is 20/square metre, and jet hose 34 one end is closed, and the other end is connected with steam pipeline 8, described deep spray device 4 comprises hard hollow elongated tube 39, the diameter of hard hollow elongated tube 39 is 5cm, length is 50cm, hard hollow elongated tube 39 one end is the inserter 36 being provided with triangular pyramidal, the other end is connected with steam pipeline 8, hard hollow elongated tube 39 is provided with the deep spray aperture 37 that diameter is 2cm, deep spray aperture 37 distribution density is 20/square metre, described shallow-layer injection apparatus 5 is connected by L-type connector with between steam pipeline 8, described deep spray device 4 is connected by triplet type connector 38 with between steam pipeline 8.Described heating system 2, water tank 1, high-pressure installation 3 are arranged on the tractor that can walk.
Actual mechanical process is with specific embodiment 10.

Claims (9)

1. discarded people's ginseng land soil method, comprises and carries out soil disinfection, soil remediation, phytoremediation step successively to the soil that will sterilize, and it is characterized in that described soil disinfection refers to that soil physics is sterilized, comprises the following steps:
A. heating system (2), water tank (1) and high-pressure installation (3) is utilized to manufacture 3-10 atmospheric high-temperature steam;
B. deep spray device (4) is inserted in the soil that will sterilize, insertion depth 30-60cm;
C. shallow-layer injection apparatus (5) is routed to the soil surface that will sterilize;
D. lay outer covering layer (6) at the soil surface that will sterilize, interval 50-300cm ballast pipe (7) is laid direction along shallow-layer injection apparatus (5) outside and is pushed down outer covering layer (6);
E. steam output pipe (33) is connected with high-pressure installation (3) by steam collector (9); steam collector (9) is connected with deep spray device (4) with shallow-layer injection apparatus (5) respectively by steam pipeline (8), pushes down shallow-layer injection apparatus (5) and steam pipeline (8) junction with ballast chain;
F. the high-temperature steam making step a manufacture is filled with deep spray device (4) and shallow-layer injection apparatus (5), carries out deep layer sterilization and shallow-layer sterilization respectively to the soil that will sterilize;
G. disinfecting process continues 30-90 minute;
H., after completing above step, wait for 1 month, enter next step;
Described soil remediation, comprises the following steps:
I. one or more in discarded feces of livestock and poultry, stalk, humus soil or the peat composed of rotten mosses are made organic nutrition material by high-temperature aerobic fermentation method;
J. micropore microorganism enrichment material is made in one or more charings in timber, bamboo or stalk, pulverizing;
K. ripe rice and micropore microorganism enrichment material are mixed in the ratio of 1:0.1-10; be contained in the vessel not having lid; reach 2/3 of vessel height; landfill was being planted in ginseng ground soil; wire netting on vessel upper cap; wire netting covers gauze, places and take out after 7-20 days, obtain soil incubation body;
L. micropore microorganism enrichment material and soil incubation body are mixed in the ratio of 1-100:1-1000, slaking 7-30 days, make slaking micropore microorganism enrichment material;
M. manufacture soil conditioner: by slaking micropore microorganism enrichment material and organic nutrition material in the mixing of 1-10:1-1000 ratio, to be fermented slaking by aerobic fermentation method, make soil conditioner;
N. soil conditioner is applied to equably in 0-60cm soil profile, uses 0.1-10 ton for every mu;
Described phytoremediation, comprises the following steps:
O. the grown on soil corn of soil disinfection and soil remediation step, soybean, chestnut rice, clover, pumpkin or sunflower was being carried out;
P. the corn described in step o, soybean, chestnut rice, clover, pumpkin or sunflower planting 3 months time, pulverized and be blended directly in soil;
Q., after completing p step, wait for 9-12 month, can ginseng continuous cropping be carried out.
2. one according to claim 1 discards people's ginseng land soil method, it is characterized in that described soil disinfection step also carries out soil chemistry sterilization after completing soil physics sterilization, comprises step:
R. one or more low toxicity spectrum soil disinfectants in dazomet, calcium cyanamide, metham-sodium or green prosperous No. two are evenly applied in the soil profile of 30cm-60cm.
3. the device of the soil chemistry sterilization of a kind of discarded people's ginseng land soil method according to claim 2, comprise hauling machine (10), the hitch frame (11) that hauling machine (10) is set up, it is characterized in that hitch frame (11) is provided with hopper (12), gases at high pressure generating means (13), the air inlet pipe (14) that one end is connected with gases at high pressure generating means (13), the feed pipe (15) that one end is connected with hopper (12), 30cm-60cm under soil can be inserted and the deep ploughing device (16) can advanced in soil, described feed pipe (15) is connected with a port of the injection apparatus (17) that can insert soil 30-60cm with the other end of air inlet pipe (14), injection apparatus (17) other end is provided with sealing (18), described sealing is provided with evenly distributed spray-hole (19), described injection apparatus (17) is arranged on the side that deep ploughing device (16) deviates from traction direct of travel, hitch frame (11) is 0.5-3 rice along the width in direct of travel vertical direction, described deep ploughing device (16) is provided with cutting plate (23), described hitch frame (11) is arranged hold-down devices (21), plug into (22) that upper end is connected with hold-down devices (21), described cutting plate (23) with plug into (22) lower end in succession, the lower end of cutting plate (23) is connected with reaming bullet (24), cutting plate (23) is connected with cutting edge (25) along direct of travel side, opposite side is by the fixing described injection apparatus (17) of connector (26), wherein reaming bullet (24) front end is that half ellipse extends back form columned tail end along the rotary body of its major axis, wherein the width of ellipse short shaft is 3-20cm, the height of cutting plate (23) is 30-60cm, the length paralleled with direct of travel is 2-10cm, the thickness perpendicular with direct of travel is 2-10cm, the cross sectional shape of cutting edge (25) is triangle.
4. the device of the soil chemistry sterilization of a kind of discarded people's ginseng land soil method according to claim 2, comprise hauling machine (10), the hitch frame (11) that hauling machine (10) is set up, it is characterized in that hitch frame (11) is provided with hopper (12), gases at high pressure generating means (13), the air inlet pipe (14) that one end is connected with gases at high pressure generating means (13), the feed pipe (15) that one end is connected with hopper (12), 30cm-60cm under soil can be inserted and the deep ploughing device (16) can advanced in soil, described feed pipe (15) is connected with a port of the injection apparatus (17) that can insert soil 30-60cm with the other end of air inlet pipe (14), injection apparatus (17) other end is provided with sealing (18), described sealing is provided with evenly distributed spray-hole (19), described injection apparatus (17) is arranged on the side that deep ploughing device (16) deviates from traction direct of travel, hitch frame (11) is 0.5-3 rice along the width in direct of travel vertical direction, described deep ploughing device (16) is provided with J type soil cutter (27), described hitch frame (11) is provided with hold-down devices (21), J type soil cutter (27) along direct of travel side with blade, described injection apparatus (17) is connected with bracing means (28), described bracing means (28) is connected with plug into (22) of hold-down devices (21) lower end.
5. the device of the soil chemistry sterilization of a kind of discarded people's ginseng land soil method according to claim 2, comprise hauling machine (10), the hitch frame (11) that hauling machine (10) is set up, it is characterized in that hitch frame (11) is provided with hopper (12), gases at high pressure generating means (13), the air inlet pipe (14) that one end is connected with gases at high pressure generating means (13), the feed pipe (15) that one end is connected with hopper (12), 30cm-60cm under soil can be inserted and the deep ploughing device (16) can advanced in soil, described feed pipe (15) is connected with a port of the injection apparatus (17) that can insert soil 30-60cm with the other end of air inlet pipe (14), injection apparatus (17) other end is provided with sealing (18), described sealing is provided with evenly distributed spray-hole (19), described injection apparatus (17) is arranged on the side that deep ploughing device (16) deviates from traction direct of travel, hitch frame (11) is 0.5-3 rice along the width in direct of travel vertical direction, described deep ploughing device (16) is provided with soil chopping disk, described hitch frame (11) is provided with hold-down devices (21), described soil chopping disk comprises the soil cutter (30) of at least two S types, the length of soil cutter (30) is 30-60cm, one end of soil cutter (30) is connected with the dish axle (32) be arranged on hitch frame (11), dish axle (32) can around its axis rotation, described injection apparatus (17) is provided with bracing means (28), described bracing means (28) is connected with plug into (22) of hold-down devices (21) lower end.
6., according to the device of the arbitrary described soil chemistry sterilization of claim 3 to 5, it is characterized in that described deep ploughing device (16) is for 2-10, and the direction vertical with hauling machine (10) direct of travel is evenly arranged on hitch frame (11).
7. the soil physics chlorination equipment of a kind of discarded people's ginseng land soil method according to claim 1, comprise heating system (2), water tank (1), high-pressure installation (3), steam collector (9), it is characterized in that being provided with the shallow-layer injection apparatus (5) for thin solum sterilization, for the deep spray device (4) of deep soil sterilization, heating system (2) is arranged on water tank (1) bottom or all sides, high-pressure installation (3) air inlet is connected with water tank (1) steam (vapor) outlet, high-pressure installation (3) connects steam collector (9) by steam output pipe (33), steam collector (9) is connected with deep spray device (4) with shallow-layer injection apparatus (5) respectively by steam pipeline (8), at least one shallow-layer injection apparatus (5) and at least one deep spray device (4) composition disinfection unit, shallow-layer injection apparatus (5) is laid in the surface of the soil that will sterilize, deep spray device (4) is inserted in the soil that will sterilize, each disinfection unit lays outer covering layer (6) outward, outer covering layer (6) is provided with ballast pipe (7) along shallow-layer injection apparatus (5) both sides, shallow-layer injection apparatus (5) and steam pipeline (8) junction are provided with ballast chain.
8. the device of soil physics sterilization according to claim 7, it is characterized in that described shallow-layer injection apparatus (5) is by high temperature resistant, withstand voltage jet hose (34) composition, jet hose (34) cross section is straight line near the side of soil surface, the side deviating from soil surface is circular arc or oval camber line, jet hose (34) the widest part is 20cm-200cm, the face of jet hose (34) contact soil surface is provided with the shallow-layer jet apertures (35) that diameter is 0.01cm-5cm, shallow-layer jet apertures (35) distribution density is 10-10000/square metre, jet hose (34) one end is closed, the other end is connected with steam pipeline (8), described deep spray device (4) comprises hard hollow elongated tube (39), the diameter of hard hollow elongated tube (39) is 1cm-10cm, length is 30cm-100cm, hard hollow elongated tube (39) one end is the inserter (36) being provided with triangular pyramidal, the other end is connected with steam pipeline (8), hard hollow elongated tube (39) is provided with the deep spray aperture (37) that diameter is 0.01cm-5cm, deep spray aperture (37) distribution density is 10-10000/square metre, described shallow-layer injection apparatus (5) is connected by L-type connector with between steam pipeline (8), described deep spray device (4) is connected by triplet type connector (38) with between steam pipeline (8).
9., according to the device of the arbitrary described soil physics sterilization of claim 7 to 8, it is characterized in that described heating system (2), water tank (1), high-pressure installation (3) are arranged on the tractor that can walk.
CN201410827333.1A 2014-12-29 2014-12-29 A kind of discarded people's ginseng land soil method and soil disinfection apparatus thereof Active CN104509245B (en)

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