CN104508016B - 环氧树脂和硅烷含水共分散体及其用途 - Google Patents

环氧树脂和硅烷含水共分散体及其用途 Download PDF

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CN104508016B
CN104508016B CN201380040243.1A CN201380040243A CN104508016B CN 104508016 B CN104508016 B CN 104508016B CN 201380040243 A CN201380040243 A CN 201380040243A CN 104508016 B CN104508016 B CN 104508016B
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F·M·L·海恩
K·范泊佩尔
M·J·兰西
N·沃特斯
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West Lake Olefin Co ltd
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Abstract

提供了制备环氧树脂与至少一种硅烷低聚物的储存稳定性含水共分散体的方法。该环氧树脂与硅烷的含水共分散体作为可固化涂漆组合物的A部分,在所述可固化涂漆组合物中,B部分包括硬化剂和任选的颜料和添加剂。该环氧树脂与硅烷一起即使在几个月的储存之后还提供相当的性能。

Description

环氧树脂和硅烷含水共分散体及其用途
本发明涉及制备作为可固化组合物的A部分的环氧树脂与硅烷的含水共分散体的方法,在所述可固化组合物中B部分包括硬化剂。
环氧树脂已被使用了很长时间并且已尝试了不同的载体(溶剂、粉末)。由于环境方面的顾虑,已越来越多地向产业推荐含水体系的开发以用于若干类型的最终应用。已知的是将硅烷添加到水基分散体中导致不稳定的产品。
US 6,221,934描述了由使用通过使酰氨基胺与环氧基团反应制备的环氧官能化的表面活性剂的环氧树脂的稳定含水的乳液。所述环氧树脂进一步用胺水相容的低聚物固化。
在保护性涂层领域中,已建议了若干选择,其中之一为使用金属如锌(WO 2011/112452)与水基环氧树脂组合以提供具有良好保护性质的稳定的配制剂。金属表面的保护也通过使用硅烷衍生物和特别地环氧官能化的硅烷得以改进。这些衍生物是公知的,用于改进涂层对金属的粘附。现在的趋势在于为涂料工业提供水基体系,然而在环氧水分散体系中配制的硅烷衍生物经常显示出差的储存稳定性。
本发明描述了稳定的含硅烷水性环氧底漆配制剂。描述了在水存在下稳定化所述硅烷的方式,以及配制所述水性环氧底漆的方式。
硅烷粘附促进剂经常被用于环氧底漆中,特别是当需要粘附至光滑的钢时。然而,水基的含硅烷颜料糊剂通常显示出几周或几个月的降低的储存稳定性。在几天或最多3个月的糊剂储存之后,粘附性通常降低或完全消失。
文献中描述了一些硅烷的乳液但是并不存在环氧树脂或其它颜料或涂料添加剂(EP 1896522)。
本发明涉及具有至少3个月的储存稳定性且甚至超过6个月的储存稳定性的包含硅烷粘附促进剂的稳定的水性环氧底漆。我们已发现 在这样的储存之后,对光滑的钢的粘附性保持至初始值。为了实现该稳定性而使用的加工条件是本发明的一部分。
本发明的目的在于以下方面:
(1)制备环氧树脂与至少一种硅烷或硅烷低聚物的含水共分散体的方法,
(2)包含环氧树脂乳液或分散体与硅烷乳液或硅烷低聚物乳液的组合物,
(3)在固化剂存在下配制的上述环氧组合物作为涂漆组合物。
本发明的组合物还可以包含本领域技术人员已知的溶剂、颜料、填料和添加剂。
可用于本发明的硅烷低聚物基于:通过使用环氧硅烷单体采用连续引入水和强阳离子交换树脂作为催化剂的受控的水解和缩合合成的环氧硅烷低聚物。环氧硅烷单体可以为具有2或3个官能烷氧基的缩水甘油氧基或环脂族环氧硅烷或者所述环氧硅烷单体可以基于与其它单体硅烷组合的缩水甘油氧基环氧硅烷或环脂族环氧基硅烷,所述其它单体硅烷可以提供特定的有机官能特征,如乙烯基、甲基丙烯酰基、烷基、聚亚烷基氧化物等,条件是它们不与环氧官能团相互作用。市售的实例是可从Momentive Performance MaterialsInc获得的CoatOSil MP200。
可用于本发明的环氧树脂基于:通过双酚A[2,2-双(4'羟基苯基)-丙烷]或双酚F与表氯醇之间缩合获得的双酚型环氧树脂等。市售可得的双酚类型的环氧树脂为液体或固体,且具有约350~约3750的分子量和约180~约3500的环氧当量。含水环氧树脂的优选的实例是基于具有350~3750的分子量、以非离子的方式分散于水中、具有或不具有二醇醚共溶剂的环氧树脂的双酚-A和/或双酚-F。含水环氧树脂的市售实例例如包括双酚A树脂,如EPI-REZ Resin 3510-W-60(乳液)、EPI-REZ Resin 3520-WY-55、EPI-REZ Resin 3521-WY-53、EPI-REZ Resin 3523-WH-53、EPI-REZ Resin 6520-WH-53、EPI-REZ Resin3540-WY-55、EPI-REZ Resin 3546-WH-53、EPI-REZ Resin 5522-WY-55、EPI-REZ Resin 6530-WH-53(分散体),均可由Momentive Specialty Chemical Inc获得。
本发明的固化剂与含水分散体相容而不添加酸盐。含水固化剂的市售实例是可由Momentive Specialty Chemical Inc获得的EPIKURE Curing Agent 6870-W-53或EPIKURECuring Agent 8545-W-52等。
这些可固化体系包含一种或多种环氧树脂和一种或多种固化剂。
这些含水可固化环氧树脂体系可以进一步采用市售可得的叔胺加速剂,如2,4,6-三(二甲基氨基甲基苯酚)或酚类催化以在更低的温度固化。这样的材料的实例是可由Momentive Specialty Chemical Inc获得的EPIKURE Curing Agent 3253或可由Rohm andHaas获得的DMP-30。
作为表面活性试剂,可以提及例如聚乙二醇和/或聚丙二醇的衍生物如Pluronics或Synperonics,基于天然脂肪酸(如硬脂酸)与山梨醇的表面活性剂如Span 60,基于棕榈酸的乙氧基化的失水山梨醇酯如Tween 40或烷氧基化的(alcoxylated)亚乙基共聚物如可由CRODA获得的Brij S721(聚氧化乙烯(21)硬脂基醚)或S2(聚氧化乙烯(2)硬脂基醚)或聚乙二醇和/或聚丙二醇的衍生物如Pluronics或Synperonics和含环氧基的衍生物。
这些含水环氧树脂体系可以充当涂漆和涂料的组分用于应用至基材,例如金属、木材、玻璃基材和水泥基结构。为了制备这样的涂漆和涂料,这些树脂或胺与打底颜料、体质颜料和抗腐蚀的颜料以及任选的添加剂如表面活性剂、消泡剂、流变改性剂和擦洗和滑爽剂(mar and slip reagents)掺混。这些颜料和添加剂的选择和量取决于涂漆的预期应用并且通常为本领域技术人员所认识到。
为了获得包含硅烷的储存稳定的含水环氧树脂配制剂所应用的加工条件为如下:
使所述硅烷在乳化剂如上文所给出的之一存在下和在介于20和65℃的温度乳化,将该硅烷乳液进一步在室温与环氧水基分散体掺混。
在另一实施方案中,将所述颜料和添加剂添加至所述环氧树脂乳
实施例
环氧-硅烷水基分散体
冷掺混的实施例:MP200乳液制备
在冷掺混的情况下,硅烷乳液可以通过各种方法和采用各种各样的表面活性剂制备。
1)乳液,通过反相方法
在玻璃烧杯中,称入2g Span 60和2g Tween 40并在60℃水浴中加热,以熔解固体表面活性剂。添加CoatOsil MP200(40g)并将混合物用机械搅拌器搅拌几分钟直至均匀。将混合物冷却至低于35℃并将搅拌速率增加至3500rpm或在4000rpm使用Turrax高速均质机。逐渐添加水直至混合物反相大约66%的固体,对于所述Turrax反相而言在大约60%固体时观察到反相。继续混合几分钟并检验粒度。当达到期望的粒度时,添加剩余的水以将乳液稀释至期望的固含量。
2)乳液,通过固体添加方法
在玻璃烧杯中将21g水在60℃水浴中加热。添加表面活性剂Span60(2g)和Tween40(2g)并用机械搅拌器搅拌以溶解固体表面活性剂。一旦均匀,就将混合物冷却至低于35℃。将搅拌速率增加至3500rpm并逐渐添加CoatOsil MP200。添加之后继续搅拌直至达到期望的粒度。通过添加剩余的水将乳液稀释至期望的固含量。
3)配方的变型
表面活性剂Span和Tween可以被泊洛沙姆(基于聚乙烯和聚丙烯氧化物的嵌段共聚物)如来自BASF的或烷氧基化的乙烯共聚物如由CRODA可获得的Brij S721(聚氧乙烯(21)硬脂基醚)或S2 (聚氧乙烯(2)硬脂基醚)或聚乙二醇和/或聚丙二醇的衍生物如Pluronics或Synperonics和含环氧基的衍生物的混合物替换。
可应用上述乳化方法。
将硅烷乳液与一种环氧树脂分散体(乳液)或环氧分散体(乳液)的掺混物掺混。实例是与EPI-REZ Resin 6530-WH-53、EPI-REZ Resin3520-WY-55、EPI-REZ Resin 3521-WY-53、EPI-REZ Resin3523-WY-53或EPI-REZ Resin 6520-WY-53。
涂漆组合物的制备,所述涂漆由A部分和B部分组成。所述A部分始终是目前用于抗腐蚀涂漆中的包含颜料和填料的涂漆的部分,这可以基于环氧树脂或基于固化剂;所述硅烷可以在A部分中或在B部分中。如果硅烷低聚物与A部分一起使用,则其经常在过程的所谓“调漆”中添加。
涂漆实施例1(对比)
将(纯)CoatOSil MP200硅烷低聚物(另外命名为MP200)和CoatOSil MP200乳液在底漆(A部分)的调漆中用作添加剂。将其与涂漆中没有硅烷的进行对比。同样在4个月之后检验糊剂的稳定性。
在此为没有任何硅烷的2个参比起始配制剂。对于1000g配制剂添加5g纯MP200。对于所述MP200乳液而言,这相当于12.71g MP200乳液。
表1a:对比组合物实施例1a
成分,A部分 重量,g
EPI-REZ 3520-WY-55 300
Dowanol PPH(Dow) 28.05
EFKA2526(EFKA) 2.74
Ti-Pure R960(DuPont) 91.19
Tremin 283-600EST(Sibelco) 89.55
Albawhite 80(Sachtleben) 61.06
Heucophos CAPP(Heubach) 84.93
MicaS(Aspanger) 6.54
EPI-REZ 3520-WY-55 149.43
硅烷 参见上述注释
去矿物质水 92.41
成分,B部分
EPIKURE 8545-W-52 93.19
Raybo 80(Raybo Chemicals) 0.9
总计 1000
表1b:对比组合物实施例1b
成分,A部分 重量,g
EPI-REZ 6520-WH-53 300
Dowanol PPH(Dow) 27.23
EFKA2526(EFKA) 2.66
Ti-Pure R960(DuPont) 88.53
Tremin 283-600EST(Sibelco) 86.93
Albawhite 80(Sachtleben) 59.27
Heucophos CAPP(Heubach) 82.45
MicaS(Aspanger) 6.35
EPI-REZ 6520-WH-53 142.16
硅烷 参见上述注释
去矿物质水 89.71
成分,B部分
EPIKURE 6870-W-53 113.84
Raybo 80(Raybo Chemicals) 0.88
总计 1000
采用这些配制剂喷涂板材。固化进度为在70℃20分钟,然后在23℃2周。所述板材在中性盐雾中暴露500小时,然后根据ISO 7253-84(耐盐雾性)评价腐蚀性和粘附性。
需要硅烷在光滑的钢板材(Gardobond OC)上获得良好的性能。然而,在包含硅烷低聚物的A部分的4个月储存之后在光滑的钢上观察到性能方面非常明显的降低。这显示所述硅烷在4个月储存之后作为粘附促进剂不再有效,参见表2。在暴露500小时盐雾暴露之后于十字(刀刮)处根据视觉评价测试粘附性(等级:5=完美,1=差)。
表2:涂漆1a和1b中的硅烷的稳定性
实施例2
实施例2a,制备环氧和硅烷在水中的共分散体的方法在实施例的第一节中给出。硅烷乳液可以是新制的或者甚至老化(在室温)几周。这些实施例的环氧-硅烷掺混物是EPI-REZ 6530-WH-53与MP200乳液的冷掺混物。
实施例2b基于3个月的陈MP200乳液,其与EPI-REZ6530-WH-53混合,然后作为掺混物老化(在室温)1年。
表3:实施例2a和2b的组成
成分,A部分 重量,g
EPIKURE 8545-W-52 114.15
Dowanol PPH(Dow) 26.88
EFKA2526(EFKA) 2.6
Ti-Pure R960(DuPont) 86.74
Tremin 283-600AST(Sibelco) 85.17
Albawhite 80(Sachtleben) 58.08
Heucophos CAPP(Heubach) 80.78
MicaS(Aspanger) 6.22
Additol VXW 6208(Cytec) 5.63
去矿物质水 87.89
Raybo 80(Raybo Chemicals) 0.86
成分,B部分
EPI-REZ 6530-WH-53与MP200乳液 445.17
总计 1000

Claims (13)

1.制备储存稳定的含水共分散体的方法,其包括,将至少一种硅烷低聚物乳化以形成硅烷低聚物乳液,并且将所述硅烷低聚物乳液与环氧树脂乳液或环氧树脂分散体掺混,其中硅烷低聚物包含通过使用环氧硅烷单体采用连续引入水和强阳离子交换树脂作为催化剂的受控的水解和缩合合成的的环氧硅烷低聚物,所述环氧硅烷单体选自缩水甘油氧基或具有2或3个官能烷氧基团的环脂族环氧硅烷,或与具有有机官能特征的单体硅烷组合的缩水甘油氧基环氧硅烷或环脂族环氧硅烷,所述有机官能特征选自乙烯基、甲基丙烯酰基、烷基和聚氧化烯,条件是具有有机官能特征的单体硅烷不与环氧官能团相互作用。
2.权利要求1的方法,其中,所述硅烷低聚物乳液在介于20℃和65℃之间的温度形成并且与环氧树脂乳液或环氧树脂分散体在室温掺混。
3.根据权利要求1或2的方法制备的组合物。
4.权利要求1的方法,其中,将颜料和添加剂添加至所得的环氧树脂乳液或环氧树脂分散体与所述硅烷低聚物乳液的掺混物。
5.包含根据权利要求1的方法制备的共分散体的涂漆配制剂,其中将所述共分散体在室温老化至少6个月并且其中所述涂漆配制剂在500小时盐雾后提供腐蚀保护,根据ISO7253-84耐盐雾性。
6.根据权利要求1的方法,进一步包括添加选自叔胺或酚类的催化剂。
7.根据权利要求1的方法,其中环氧树脂包含通过双酚A或双酚F与表氯醇之间的缩合获得的双酚型环氧树脂。
8.根据权利要求4的方法,其中所述添加剂包括表面活性剂。
9.根据权利要求1的方法,其中硅烷低聚物乳液由乳液通过反相方法或固体添加方法形成。
10.根据权利要求5的涂漆配制剂,进一步包含一种或多种选自下组的化合物:打底颜料、体质颜料、抗腐蚀的颜料、表面活性剂、消泡剂、流变改性剂和擦洗和滑爽剂。
11.权利要求1的方法,其中环氧树脂乳液和环氧树脂分散体的环氧树脂包含具有350至3750的分子量和180至3500的环氧基当量的液体或固体双酚型环氧树脂。
12.权利要求3的组合物,其中,将所述共分散体与包含任选的颜料、填料和添加剂的水相容性固化剂组合。
13.根据权利要求1的方法,进一步包括在乳化至少一种硅烷低聚物时,添加表面活性剂与硅烷低聚物以形成硅烷低聚物乳液。
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