CN104491108B - 一种中药水凝胶的制备方法及应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种中药水凝胶的制备方法及应用,由黄柏提取液和亲水性基质制备成水凝胶,该水凝胶外用后可以抑制瘢痕增生,促进瘢痕软化,预防术后瘢痕组织的产生,且制备方法简单、副作用小,因此可在手术患者预防术后瘢痕中广泛使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药技术领域,具体涉及一种用于预防术后瘢痕形成的中药水凝胶。
背景技术
瘢痕是创伤修复的必然结果。伴随着伤口愈合而产生的瘢痕疙瘩或瘢痕增生,既影响美观又导致组织和器官不同程度的功能障碍。由于其难以控制,到目前为止国内还没有非常满意的治疗方案。瘢痕治疗的根本原则是去除病变,并通过抑制成纤维细胞的增殖及其胶原的合成、分泌或沉积来预防其复发。目前,有效的治疗方案主要包括手术、药物治疗、放射治疗、激光、冷冻等。药物治疗在瘢痕的治疗中占有重要地位。
黄柏是芸香科植物黄檗(Phellodendron amurense)或黄皮树的干燥树皮,为我国常用中药。它具有清热解毒、清热燥湿、泻火凉血、消炎止痒的功效,并且黄柏能够抑制多种细菌的作用;具有抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等一系列药理功能。据报道,黄柏对金色葡萄球菌感染的破损皮肤,有明显的抗菌、抗炎作用。具有经济、安全有效、使用方便等特点,可明显缓解疼痛、提高生活质量,并保证手术治疗的顺利进行。
水凝胶基质大多在水中溶胀成水性凝胶而不溶解。本类基质一般易于涂展和洗除,无油腻感,能吸收组织渗出液,不妨碍皮肤正常功能。还由于粘滞度较小而利于药物,特别是水溶性药物的释放。水凝胶材料直接用于与人体组织接触,可防止体外微生物的感染,抑制体液的损失,传输氧到伤口,一般说来能促进伤口的愈合。水凝胶具有以下优点:1)水凝胶具有防水、防菌、透气等特点;2)水凝胶具有适宜的水含量(56%),在软化分解坏死组织的同时不损伤健康组织,清凉止痛,提供类似人体组织的湿性环境;3)水凝胶透明清凉,可以直接观察到创面,避免敷料的盲目更换;4)适宜粘合力,确保不损伤受损的皮肤,可用于少量渗液或干燥的非感染创面。
水凝胶基质包括天然的和人工合成的。天然高分子组成的水凝胶基质在生物相容性、细胞降解、无毒、应用安全上有潜在的优势。然而,天然高分子材料稳定性差,相对而言,合成的高分子水凝胶基质稳定性较好,种类较多。天然高分子水凝胶基质主要包括胶质原、透明质酸酯(盐)、纤维素、壳聚糖、海藻酸盐等。合成高分子水凝胶基质主要包括聚丙烯酸类、聚丙烯酰胺类、聚乙烯醇、聚磷腈、聚肽等。
术后瘢痕形成可采用手术及放疗等方式来进行抑制,当前市场也有一些用于预防术后瘢痕的药物,但价格较贵,制作工艺繁琐,效果不一,因此亟待探究一种新的便于制备、使用的预防术后瘢痕产生的药物。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种中药水凝胶的制备方法及应用。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用了以下技术方案。
一种中药水凝胶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将10~20g黄柏加入200~250mL水中后加热煮沸,煮沸后继续煎煮1.5~2.0小时,然后自然冷却至室温,冷却后过滤,得液体A50~80g;
2)将70~90g聚乙二醇溶解于90~110g甘油中得液体B,所述聚乙二醇采用PEG-4000、PEG-6000或PEG-8000;
3)将液体A加入到液体B中得组分A;
4)向8~12g水凝胶基质中加入500mL水,然后于研钵中研匀,得组分B;
5)将组分A和组分B混匀,然后加水至900~1100g得中药水凝胶。
所述步骤1)中,黄柏的用量为15g,水的用量为200mL。
所述步骤2)中,聚乙二醇的用量为80g,甘油的用量为100g。
所述步骤4)中,水凝胶基质的用量为10g。
所述步骤1)中使用无菌纱布进行过滤。
上述中药水凝胶的制备方法制备的中药水凝胶在制备用于预防术后瘢痕形成的药物中的应用。
本发明的有益效果体现在:
术后瘢痕是手术后伤口愈合过程中产生的,在瘢痕体质患者中尤为明显,常还可伴有周围皮肤色素沉着等表现,本发明利用黄柏提取液、亲水性基质制备获得了一种中药水凝胶,具有制备方法简单,材料获取方便、成分毒性低等优点,所制备的中药水凝胶外用后可以抑制瘢痕增生,促进瘢痕软化,抑制色素沉着,预防术后瘢痕组织的产生,物美价廉,疗效满意,副作用小,因此可在手术患者预防术后瘢痕中广泛使用。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作详细说明。
通过前期临床观察发现,黄柏提取液(黄柏液)可以有效预防术后瘢痕形成,基于前期对黄柏和水凝胶的研究,因此,考虑在术后瘢痕的防治中使用水凝胶剂,具体说明如下:
(一)本发明提供了一种用于预防术后瘢痕的中药水凝胶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)取15g黄柏加入200mL水中,加热煮沸,煮沸后文火持续煎煮2.0小时,然后自然冷却至室温,冷却后使用无菌纱布及漏斗过滤得液体A(即黄柏液)50g;
2)称取聚乙二醇(PEG-4000)80g以及甘油100g,置烧杯中稍微加热使PEG-4000完全溶解,得液体B;将液体A加入到液体B中,制成水溶性药物溶液;
3)称取水凝胶基质(聚乙烯醇)10g,加入500mL水,于研钵中研匀,研匀后与水溶性药物溶液混匀,加水至1000g,得中药水凝胶,保存在无菌广口瓶中。
中药水凝胶的使用:患者术后在伤口上及周围涂抹,每次换药均在敷料下使用,每日一次,共计使用1周。
(二)一般临床资料:
病例1
患者刘某,女,19岁,以“发现左乳肿块1周余”之主诉入院。既往有卵巢畸胎瘤术史,伤口可见一宽约1.5cm凸出体表瘢痕,系瘢痕体质患者。乳腺肿块切除术后使用中药水凝胶进行伤口周围涂抹,连续1周。
发现:换药期间未见伤口不良愈合表现,周围无红肿,未见色素沉着,也未见凸出体表新生组织,术后12天拆线时未见伤口瘢痕形成,继续追踪1月,伤口无明显瘢痕。
病例2
患者张某,女,68岁,以“发现左乳皮肤瘢痕粘连40年余”之主诉入院。既往有乳腺哺乳外伤史,左乳可见皮肤瘢痕粘连,大小约5cm×3cm,系瘢痕体质患者。乳腺瘢痕切除术后24小时开始放射线预防瘢痕形成,每次2Gy,共计五次。
发现:换药期间可见伤口周围稍红肿,为术后放射线损伤的相应表现,无明显渗出,无明显新生组织,但伤口周围可见少量色素沉着,术后16天拆线时发现伤口周围愈合可,无明显瘢痕形成,色素沉着较前减轻,继续追踪1月,伤口无明显瘢痕。
病例3
患者徐某,女,28岁,以“发现左乳肿块1月余”之主诉入院。自诉为瘢痕体质,患者系浆细胞性乳腺炎,切除范围较大,术前抗炎治疗5天,乳腺肿块切除术后使用黄柏液进行伤口周围涂抹,连续1周,术后继续抗炎治疗5天。
发现:换药期间未见伤口不良愈合表现,周围稍红肿,有少量积液,未见凸出体表新生组织,但周围可见色素沉着,术后12天拆线时未见伤口瘢痕形成,继续追踪1月,伤口无明显瘢痕,色素沉着较前减轻但仍存在。
外科手术后部分患者可出现伤口区周围色素组织沉着,部分伴有瘢痕组织形成,尤其瘢痕体质患者,可出现较长较宽且凸出体表瘢痕,严重影响美观。在对30余例使用所述中药水凝胶的患者及上百例未使用所述中药水凝胶的患者的临床观察过程中,可以发现:1、所有患者中出现瘢痕组织形成者较少,但伤口周围色素沉着患者仍有一定比例,而中药水凝胶可以明显减少色素沉着;2、对于瘢痕体质患者,使用中药水凝胶可减轻甚至抑制瘢痕形成,效果不低于放疗,比使用黄柏液涂抹效果更好。
Claims (6)
1.一种中药水凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
1)将10~20g黄柏加入200~250mL水中后加热煮沸,煮沸后继续煎煮1.5~2.0小时,然后自然冷却至室温,冷却后过滤,得液体A50~80g;
2)将70~90g聚乙二醇溶解于90~110g甘油中得液体B,所述聚乙二醇采用PEG-4000、PEG-6000或PEG-8000;
3)将液体A加入到液体B中得组分A;
4)向8~12g水凝胶基质中加入500mL水,然后于研钵中研匀,得组分B;
5)将组分A和组分B混匀,然后加水至900~1100g得中药水凝胶。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种中药水凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1)中,黄柏的用量为15g,水的用量为200mL。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种中药水凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤2)中,聚乙二醇的用量为80g,甘油的用量为100g。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种中药水凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤4)中,水凝胶基质的用量为10g。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种中药水凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1)中使用无菌纱布进行过滤。
6.一种如权利要求1所述中药水凝胶的制备方法制备的中药水凝胶在制备用于预防术后瘢痕形成的药物中的应用。
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