CN104479854A - Method for extracting peanut oil and peanut protein simultaneously - Google Patents
Method for extracting peanut oil and peanut protein simultaneously Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104479854A CN104479854A CN201410708507.2A CN201410708507A CN104479854A CN 104479854 A CN104479854 A CN 104479854A CN 201410708507 A CN201410708507 A CN 201410708507A CN 104479854 A CN104479854 A CN 104479854A
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- peanut
- oil
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- edible vegetable
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/06—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by pressing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J1/00—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites
- A23J1/14—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites from leguminous or other vegetable seeds; from press-cake or oil-bearing seeds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B13/00—Recovery of fats, fatty oils or fatty acids from waste materials
- C11B13/02—Recovery of fats, fatty oils or fatty acids from waste materials from soap stock
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting peanut oil and peanut protein simultaneously, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural resources. The method comprises the following steps of peanut precrushing treatment, peanut low-temperature cold squeezing, and extraction of residual oil in peanut meal with relatively high oil content by a water enzymatic method together with peanut protein and the like. By the method, high-quality peanut protein is also obtained while the high-quality peanut oil is extracted, so that the peanut resource is utilized comprehensively, the formation of trans-fatty acids is prevented in the process of squeezing and producing peanut oil at a high temperature, meanwhile, the protein is prevented from being damaged seriously in squeezing the peanut meal at a high temperature, and the solvent residual issue in the peanut oil is prevented; the total extraction rate of the peanut oil can reach as high as over 92%, the protein recovery rate can reach as high as over 85%, and the quality of the peanut oil is excellent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method simultaneously extracting peanut oil and peanut protein, belong to agricultural resource technical field.
Background technology
Peanut is one of main oil crops of China.Whole nation year yield peanut is more than 1.7 hundreds of millions tons, and wherein the area such as Liaoning and Shandong is the major production areas of peanut.Oleaginousness in peanut is about 45%-52%, and protein content is about 20-23%.At present, China's Oleum Arachidis hypogaeae semen extraction is mainly through the complete processing of high temperature squeezing in conjunction with solvent method.But, because high temperature squeezing condition acutely destroys other nutritive ingredients in peanut protein and peanut, reduce the utilization ratio of oil resource or the economy of complete processing.Traditional solvent has the advantages such as extraction yield is high, but along with people are to the increase of food safety and environmental protection consciousness, residual solvent and solvent method highlight day by day to problems such as the pollutions of environment.
Compared with hot moulding, the cold pressing process of peanut oil is processed under lower temperature condition, more completely can retain the nutritive ingredient in peanut oil and biologically active substance, and can improve the utilization ratio of protein.Peanut oil after cold press, owing to not producing Maillard reaction by high temperature, so keep the original faint yellow color and luster of peanut oil, does not need extra refining, more completely can retain nutritive ingredient and the biologically active substance of peanut.At present, under the trend such as food health, safety, cold press peanut oil becomes the new trend of peanut oil production and consumption gradually.
Aqueous enzymatic method is as novel oil extracting methods, destroy plant cell wall by enzymolysis and mechanical means, utilize water as solvent extraction grease, process is carried out under relative low temperature condition, do not need to come unstuck, the operation such as deodorizing, prevent the formation of the objectionable impurities such as benzopyrene and trans fatty acid.Can effectively reclaim peanut protein and carbohydrate simultaneously.The present invention utilizes cold press to replace milling process in conjunction with solvent method in conjunction with water substitution, not only avoid dissolvent residual and problem of environmental pollution, and will reduce production unit cost, improve the comprehensive utilization ratio of peanut protein simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method simultaneously extracting peanut oil and peanut protein, be applicable to peanut oil and protein extracts simultaneously, be intended to solve traditional high temperature and squeeze the nutritive ingredient loss brought in conjunction with solvent method, there is potential dissolvent residual and environmental pollution in solvent method, peanut protein is seriously damaged simultaneously, the problem that utility value is low.
The inventive method mainly comprises the following steps: (1) is broken by the peanut after shelling, peeling, and low-temperature cold pressing obtains peanut oil crude oil and cold press peanut meal; (2) crude peanut oil step (1) obtained filters and obtains cold press edible vegetable oil, after carrying out separating twice simultaneously, carries out water substitution and extracts peanut oil, obtain edible vegetable oil, aqueous phase, emulsus liquid phase and slag phase cold press peanut meal; (3) emulsus liquid phase breakdown of emulsion is obtained edible vegetable oil; (4) aqueous phase is carried out vacuum concentration, after spraying dry, obtain peanut protein powder.
In one embodiment of the invention, decortication peanut powder is broken into 4-8 lobe by step (1), and fine powder amount is crossed 20 mesh sieves and is no more than 10%.
In another embodiment of the invention, decortication peanut powder is broken into 4-8 lobe by step (1), and fine powder amount is crossed 20 mesh sieves and is no more than 5%.
In one embodiment of the invention, described in step (1), low-temperature cold pressing controls at 4-20% by peanut moisture content; Feeding temperature is 25-70 DEG C.
In another embodiment of the invention, step (1) low-temperature cold pressing controls at 7-15% by peanut moisture content, and feeding temperature is 25-60 DEG C.
In one embodiment of the invention, the oleaginousness of step (1) described peanut meal accounts for the 20-50% of total oil-contg.
In one embodiment of the invention, described in step (2), the peanut meal grinding particle size of peanut meal separating twice is 10-200 order.
In another embodiment of the invention, step (2) peanut meal grinding particle size is 40-200 order.
In one embodiment of the invention, described in step (2), water substitution is specially: mixed with 2-10 weight parts water by 1 parts by weight of crushed peanut meal, temperature 30-70 DEG C with add alkaline solution and carry out alkaline extraction 0.5-6h to pH value 7-10, stirring velocity is 20-500r/min; Then carry out centrifugation, obtain edible vegetable oil, emulsus liquid phase, aqueous phase and slag phase.
In another embodiment of the invention, in step (2), water substitution is for mix 1 parts by weight of crushed peanut meal with 3-8 weight parts water, at temperature 40-70 DEG C, adds alkaline solution and carries out alkaline extraction 0.5-6h to pH value 7-10.
In one embodiment of the invention, the alkaline solution that alkaline extraction is used is selected from potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and saleratus.The concentration of alkaline solution is generally no more than 10%.
In one embodiment of the invention, described in step (3), breakdown of emulsion is enzyme process breakdown of emulsion, be specially: milk sap is added the water of 0.1-5 times of weight, add proteolytic enzyme, breakdown of emulsion under temperature 30-70 DEG C with the condition of pH value 3-10, stirring velocity is 20-800r/min, reaction times 0.5-8h, is separated and obtains edible vegetable oil.
In one embodiment of the invention, described in step (3), breakdown of emulsion is enzyme process breakdown of emulsion, in emulsus liquid phase, specifically add the water of 0.5-5 times of weight, add proteolytic enzyme, breakdown of emulsion under temperature 40-70 DEG C with the condition of pH value 3-10, stirring velocity is 50-400r/min, reaction times 0.5-3h, is separated and obtains edible vegetable oil.
Described proteolytic enzyme is selected from aspartic protease, neutral protease or Sumizyme MP, and for every gram of peanut raw material, the consumption of enzyme is 10-10000U.
In one embodiment of the invention, be specially in peanut protein powder described in step (4): aqueous phase carries out carrying out spraying dry after vacuum concentration to solid content is 10-35%; Spraying dry inlet temperature used is 170-200 DEG C, and air outlet temperature is 70-100 DEG C, obtains peanut protein powder.
Existing high temperature squeezing cannot extract protein in conjunction with the peanut oil squeezing method of solvent simultaneously, and peanut meal can only be used for doing fertilizer or feed.High temperature and solvent all can destroy nutritive ingredient in protein and peanut and bioactive ingredients.Although low temperature pressing method can retain nutrition and activeconstituents is very low but obtain oily filter, in conjunction with solvent method, this just causes the problems such as safety and pollution.The present invention is directed to traditional peanut oil production technology and there is peanut oil nutritive ingredient and biologically active substance is made a low multiple use by high temperature, peanut protein; And the problem such as the potential food safety of solvent existence and ecological environmental pollution, adopt cold pressing process and extract peanut oil and method of protein thereof in conjunction with water substitution, obtain the peanut protein close to material quality while obtaining the peanut oil of higher quality, avoid the appearance of above problem simultaneously.The simple cost of the production unit of water substitution described in the present invention is low; In addition, manufacturing enterprise does not need additionally to change press apparatus increases cost, and can realize percent of total oil and reach more than 91%, protein extracting ratio is also up to 87%.Advance the industrialization development that Aqueous phase carries oil further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 embodiment 1 process flow sheet
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) peeling, (oleaginousness is 50.21% to peanut, protein content is 21.26%) after precomminution becomes 4-8 lobe, regulate moisture content to 9%, 40 DEG C enter to squeeze temperature under carry out cold press, obtain cold press crude peanut oil, adopted by crude oil plate and frame filter to carry out filtration and obtain cold press peanut oil (cold press edible vegetable oil).
(2) peanut oil obtained after step (1) cold press accounts for 40% of total oil content amount, 1 weight peanut meal was pulverized 60 mesh sieves mix with 6 weight parts waters, in temperature 50 C, 2mol/L NaOH adjust ph to 8, extract 4h, stirring velocity is 200r/min.Then carry out centrifugation under 4000g condition, obtain peanut oil phase (edible vegetable oil), emulsus liquid phase, aqueous phase and slag phase.
(3) milk sap obtained to step (2) is added the water of 1 times of weight, add 0.5% papoid (W/W) (manufacturer: Pangbo Bioengineering Co Ltd, Nanning, enzyme is lived as 800000U/g) neutral protease, breakdown of emulsion under the condition of temperature 50 C and pH value 7, stirring velocity is 200r/min, reaction times 3h; Under 4000g condition, centrifugation obtains edible vegetable oil.
(4) aqueous phase that step (2) obtains directly being carried out vacuum concentration to solid content is carry out spraying dry after 20%, and inlet temperature is 190 DEG C, and air outlet temperature is 90 DEG C, obtains peanut crude protein powder.
Recording edible vegetable oil yield is 93.14, and albumen yield is 85.3%.
Calculation formula:
Edible vegetable oil yield (%)=step 1-3 gained edible vegetable oil quality/(raw materials quality * raw material oleaginousness (%))
Embodiment 2
(1) peeling, (oleaginousness is 50.21% to peanut, protein content is 21.26%) after precomminution becomes 4-8 lobe, regulate moisture content to 12%, 60 DEG C enter to squeeze temperature under carry out cold press, obtain cold press crude peanut oil, adopted by crude oil plate and frame filter to carry out filtration and obtain cold press peanut oil (cold press edible vegetable oil).
(2) peanut oil obtained after cold press accounts for 45% of total oil content amount, 1 weight peanut meal was pulverized 80 mesh sieves and mixes with 5 weight parts waters, and in temperature 60 C, 2mol/L NaOH adjust ph to 8.5, extract 6h, stirring velocity is 200r/min.Then carry out centrifugation under 3000g condition, obtain peanut oil phase (edible vegetable oil), emulsus liquid phase, aqueous phase and slag phase.
(3) milk sap obtained to step (2) is added the water of 0.5 times of weight, add 0.5%Protex 7L (W/W) (manufacturer: Jie Neng section, > 1600AU/g), breakdown of emulsion under the condition of temperature 50 C and pH value 7.5, stirring velocity is 200r/min, reaction times 2h; Under 3000g condition, centrifugation obtains edible vegetable oil.
(4) aqueous phase that step (2) obtains directly being carried out vacuum concentration to solid content is carry out spraying dry after 30%, and inlet temperature is 180 DEG C, and air outlet temperature is 80 DEG C, obtains peanut crude protein powder.
Recording edible vegetable oil yield is 94.24, and albumen yield is 87.3%.
Embodiment 3
(1) peeling, (oleaginousness is 50.21% to peanut, protein content is 21.26%) after precomminution becomes 4-8 lobe, regulate moisture content to 15%, 45 DEG C enter to squeeze temperature under carry out cold press, obtain cold press crude peanut oil, adopted by crude oil plate and frame filter to carry out filtration and obtain cold press peanut oil (cold press edible vegetable oil).
(2) peanut oil obtained after cold press accounts for 50% of total oil content amount, 1 weight peanut meal was pulverized 100 mesh sieves and mixes with 7 weight parts waters, and in temperature 60 C, 4mol/L NaOH adjust ph to 9.5, extract 3h, stirring velocity is 200r/min.Then carry out centrifugation under 3500g condition, obtain peanut oil phase (edible vegetable oil), emulsus liquid phase, aqueous phase and slag phase.
(3) milk sap obtained to step (2) is added the water of 1.5 times of weight, add 0.5%Alcalase 2.4L (W/W) (manufacturer: letter (China) company of Novi, enzyme 200000U/g alive), breakdown of emulsion under the condition of temperature 50 C and pH value 8.5, stirring velocity is 200r/min, reaction times 2h; Under 3500g condition, centrifugation obtains edible vegetable oil.
(4) aqueous phase that step (2) obtains directly being carried out vacuum concentration to solid content is carry out spraying dry after 15%, and inlet temperature is 190 DEG C, and air outlet temperature is 80 DEG C, obtains peanut crude protein powder.
Recording edible vegetable oil yield is 93.24, and albumen yield is 84.3%.
Although the present invention with preferred embodiment openly as above; but it is also not used to limit the present invention, any person skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; all can do various changes and modification, what therefore protection scope of the present invention should define with claims is as the criterion.
Claims (9)
1. extract a method for peanut oil and peanut protein, (1), by broken for the peanut after shelling, peeling, low-temperature cold pressing obtains peanut oil crude oil and cold press peanut meal simultaneously; (2) crude peanut oil filtration is obtained cold press edible vegetable oil, after separating twice being carried out to cold press peanut meal simultaneously, carry out water substitution and extract peanut oil, obtain edible vegetable oil, aqueous phase, emulsus liquid phase and slag phase; (3) emulsus liquid phase breakdown of emulsion is obtained edible vegetable oil; (4) aqueous phase is carried out vacuum concentration, after spraying dry, obtain peanut protein powder.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, peanut powder is broken into 4-8 lobe by step (1), and fine powder amount is crossed 20 mesh sieves and is no more than 10%.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described in step (1), low-temperature cold pressing controls at 4-20% by peanut moisture content, and feeding temperature is 25-70 DEG C.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described in step (2), the grinding particle size of peanut meal separating twice is 10-200 order.
5. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described in step (2), water substitution is mixed with 2-10 weight parts water by 1 parts by weight of crushed peanut meal, at temperature 30-70 DEG C, add alkaline solution and carry out alkaline extraction 0.5-6h to pH value 7-10, stirring velocity is 20-500r/min; Then carry out separation and obtain edible vegetable oil, emulsus liquid phase, aqueous phase and slag phase.
6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, alkaline extraction alkali used is potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate or saleratus.
7. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step (3) described breakdown of emulsion is enzyme process breakdown of emulsion, the water adding 0.1-5 times of weight in emulsus liquid phase, add proteolytic enzyme, breakdown of emulsion under temperature 30-70 DEG C with the condition of pH value 3-10, stirring velocity is 20-800r/min, reaction times 0.5-8h, is separated and obtains edible vegetable oil.
8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, when described proteolytic enzyme is aspartic protease, neutral protease or Sumizyme MP, for the consumption 10-10000U of every gram of peanut raw material enzyme.
9. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is carried out carrying out spraying dry after vacuum concentration to solid content is 10-35% by aqueous phase in step (4); Spraying dry inlet temperature used is 170-200 DEG C, and air outlet temperature is 70-100 DEG C, obtains peanut protein powder.
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| CN201710972804.1A CN107629870A (en) | 2014-11-27 | 2014-11-27 | Method that is a kind of while extracting peanut oil and peanut protein |
| CN201410708507.2A CN104479854A (en) | 2014-11-27 | 2014-11-27 | Method for extracting peanut oil and peanut protein simultaneously |
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| CN201410708507.2A CN104479854A (en) | 2014-11-27 | 2014-11-27 | Method for extracting peanut oil and peanut protein simultaneously |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105925368A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-09-07 | 江南大学 | Method for preparing walnut oil by performing emulsion breaking on walnut oil body by water method |
| CN106085589A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-11-09 | 河南工业大学 | A kind of aqua method based on polysorbas20 breakdown of emulsion prepares Oleum Arachidis hypogaeae semen and egg albumen powder method |
| CN106281653A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2017-01-04 | 江南大学 | A kind of method preparing Oleum sesami by water law breakdown of emulsion Oleum sesami body |
| CN107177410A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-09-19 | 中国计量大学 | It is a kind of to remove the bio-separation method for producing oil of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in camellia oil |
| CN111234919A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-05 | 河南农业大学 | Preparation method of functional peanut oil |
| CN111378523A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-07-07 | 丰益(上海)生物技术研发中心有限公司 | Strong-fragrance peanut oil and preparation method thereof |
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| CN111380746A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-07-07 | 青岛大学 | Method for continuously detecting contents of fat, protein and mineral substances in peanuts |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106085589A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-11-09 | 河南工业大学 | A kind of aqua method based on polysorbas20 breakdown of emulsion prepares Oleum Arachidis hypogaeae semen and egg albumen powder method |
| CN105925368A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-09-07 | 江南大学 | Method for preparing walnut oil by performing emulsion breaking on walnut oil body by water method |
| CN105925368B (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2019-08-30 | 油谷生物科技南京有限公司 | A method of walnut oil is prepared by water law demulsification walnut oil body |
| CN106281653A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2017-01-04 | 江南大学 | A kind of method preparing Oleum sesami by water law breakdown of emulsion Oleum sesami body |
| CN106281653B (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2019-08-30 | 油谷生物科技南京有限公司 | A method of sesame oil is prepared by water law demulsification sesame oil body |
| CN107177410A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-09-19 | 中国计量大学 | It is a kind of to remove the bio-separation method for producing oil of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in camellia oil |
| CN111378523A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-07-07 | 丰益(上海)生物技术研发中心有限公司 | Strong-fragrance peanut oil and preparation method thereof |
| CN111378523B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2023-07-14 | 丰益(上海)生物技术研发中心有限公司 | Strong-flavor peanut oil and preparation method thereof |
| CN111234919A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-05 | 河南农业大学 | Preparation method of functional peanut oil |
| CN111234919B (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2023-04-07 | 河南农业大学 | Preparation method of functional peanut oil |
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