CN104341532A - Potato slag comprehensive utilization processing method for combined production of starch and meal fiber - Google Patents
Potato slag comprehensive utilization processing method for combined production of starch and meal fiber Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a potato slag comprehensive utilization processing method for combined production of starch and meal fiber. Mechanical crushing and enzyme degradation method are used for processing potato slag, so as to significantly improve the processing properties of materials, and effectively promote the release of target and generation of high active components. At the same time, medium recycling utilization process is utilized, so as to not only save water consumption but also simplify the subsequent concentration process, and effectively realize enrichment of target object. The obtained starch product has good transparency, swelling power and retrogradation property compared with other starch; and the obtained dietary fiber product has high proportion of soluble dietary fiber, strong sodium cholate, and especially obvious advantages in the aspects of adsorption ability of cholesterol adsorption compared with similar products, which shows that the dietary fiber product has good physical property and physiological activity. The invention has the advantages of simple operation, convenience, mild conditions, low equipment requirement, high utilization rate of raw materials, energy saving and benefit for environmental protection.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to potato starch processing byproduct field of comprehensive utilization, relating to a kind of take potato residues as the method for raw material combination producing starch, food fibre.
Background technology
Food fibre (Dietary Fiber is called for short DF) means the summation of vegetable cell, polysaccharide, xylogen and other material that can not be absorbed by human endogenous's enzymic digestion in food.Insoluble dietary fibre (Insoluble Dietary Fiber is called for short IDF) and soluble dietary fibre (Soluble Dietary Fiber is called for short SDF) is divided into according to the solvability in water.Insoluble dietary fibre has the effects such as obesity prevention, constipation, colorectal carcinoma, and soluble dietary fibre can reduce serum cholesterol, suppresses postprandial blood sugar, improve intestinal microflora.Food fibre have passed through 30 years of researches and development, become the pandemic protective foods of developed country, United Kingdom National board of consultants suggestion food fibre intake be 25-30g/ days per capita, and the total dietary fiber intake of U.S. FDA recommendation is 20-35g/ days per capita.Chinese Soclety of Nutrition proposes for 2000: the suitable intake of China grownup food fibre is about 30g/ days, but according to measuring and calculating, China per capita every actual intake of object is only about 12 grams.
Potato residues is the by product that Potato ring rot bacteria starch produces, and general starch per ton produces the waste residue of about 7 tons, and feeding value is lower, and easily putrid and deteriorated.Simultaneously due to food composition such as rich in starch, pectin, Mierocrystalline celluloses in potato residues, not being used, not only can increasing the burden of environmental improvement, is also the waste of resource.Therefore adopt modern technologies methods Separation and Recovery starch, simultaneous extraction prepares food fibre, can effective most solid substance in trans-utilization waste residue, has also effectively processed solid waste, have dual function while utilizing potato slag salvage value.At present, world market has potato composite dietary product, and the domestic comprehensive utilization about potato slag, many places, in the laboratory study stage, rarely have the report that scale is processed.The Food fiber from sweet potato dregs product preparation method had been reported mainly utilizes acid or ferment treatment, waste water is entered by after the starch in slag and proteolysis, reclaim remaining solid substance and obtain insoluble dietary fibre product, this technique does not only make the valuable composition in potato slag be fully utilized, and produce a large amount of acidic organic wastewater, add new source of pollution.
Summary of the invention
The present invention makes up prior art deficiency, propose a kind of with yam starch processing byproduct potato slag for raw material is through the working method of the means coproduction starch such as biological treatment, physical sepn and functional dietary fiber.
Working method of the present invention comprises two technological lines, technological line 1: first adopt mechanical crushing method process potato residues, then filter after the slurry enzymolysis of gained, after filtrate separating starch, prepare soluble dietary fibre through concentrated, alcohol precipitation, filter residue dehydrates prepares insoluble dietary fibre.Technological line 2: first adopt mechanical crushing method process potato residues, then the slurry of gained is carried out enzymolysis processing and filtered, after filtrate separating starch, mix with filter residue, then feed liquid concentrate drying is made the composite dietary that soluble dietary fibre and insoluble dietary fibre ratio are about 3: 1.Article two, technological line all recycles filtrate in Mechanical Crushing link.Technological line 1 can obtain having the diet fiber product compared with powerful, and technological line 2 tooling cost is low, the rational composite dietary product of the ratio that can obtain.
A preferred specific embodiments of the inventive method is as follows:
(1) batch mixing removal of impurities: in compounding jar, potato residues is added water and mix, the mass ratio of water and raw material is 3 ~ 10: 1, and gained feed liquid pumps into strainer and hydrocyclone, removes the impurity such as the grains of sand;
(2) mechanical breaking-wall method: step (1) gained feed liquid colloidal mill is carried out 1 ~ 2 mechanical breaking-wall method process and obtains homogeneous feed liquid;
(3) enzymolysis filters: regulating step (2) gained homogeneous material liquid pH is 4 ~ 5, add prozyme, enzyme concn is 0.01 ~ 5g/L, at 40 ~ 50 DEG C, carry out Enzymatic transformation 1 ~ 10h, then by feed liquid through Filter Press, obtain filtrate and filter residue respectively;
(4) recovery of starch: step (3) gained filtrate be separated through swirler and be precipitated thing and supernatant liquor, gained throw out is obtained starch after drying;
(5) Extraction medium circulation: step (4) gained supernatant liquor 2/3-1/2 is transmitted back in the compounding jar of step (1), Substitute For Partial fresh water mixes with the potato slag newly added, the mass ratio of water and raw material keeps 3 ~ 10: 1, new round extraction is carried out by step (2), (3), (4), all the other supernatant liquors enter surge tank continuously, collect filter residue continuously simultaneously;
(6) food fibre is prepared: by step (5) gained supernatant concentration to 1/5 ~ 1/10 of original volume, obtain concentrated solution, in described concentrated solution, add precipitation agent, leave standstill 2 ~ 24h, then be separated to obtain supernatant liquor and precipitation, dry obtained soluble dietary fibre will be precipitated; Adopt the solvent in Distillation recovery supernatant liquor simultaneously; Step (5) gained filter residue and drying is obtained insoluble dietary fibre; Or
Step (5) gained supernatant liquor is mixed with step (3) gained filter residue final vacuum is concentrated into original volume 1/2 ~ 1/5, then will concentrate the obtained composite dietary of feed liquid drying.
In the present invention, the residue marc after described potato residues to be industrial with potato be raw material extracts starch.
In the present invention, described step (3) described prozyme is preferably made up of hemicellulases such as cellulase, polygalacturonase, aspartic protease, arabinoxylanase, mannases, wherein cellulose enzyme activity is 20000 ~ 30000u/g, 50-70% is accounted in prozyme, the work of polygalacturonase enzyme is 10000 ~ 20000u/g, account for 10-30%, the work of aspartic protease enzyme is 50000 ~ 100000u/g, account for 1-10%, the work of arabinoxylanase enzyme is 10000 ~ 30000u/g, account for 5-20%, the work of mannase enzyme is 2000 ~ 10000u/g, accounts for 5-20%.
In the present invention, aqueous ethanolic solution or the concentration expressed in percentage by volume of described step (6) described precipitation agent to be concentration expressed in percentage by volume be 90%-100% are the aqueous acetone solution of 90%-100%, and the consumption of described precipitation agent is 1 ~ 5 times of concentrated solution volume.
The unusual effect of the inventive method is: be applied to by mechanical crushing method in potato residues processing technique, not only can promote the release being embedded in starch granules in jacket meat fiber, remaining starch in efficient recovery potato slag, and realize potato slag fiber crystallite, increase the contact surface of enzyme-to-substrate, be beneficial to subsequent enzymatic conversion process; Adopt the technique of Extraction medium recycle, not only save the consumption of water, simplify subsequent concentration technique, and effectively achieve the enrichment of target compound; Adopt biological enzyme to realize the Degradation and Transformation of cell wall substance, significantly improve the transformation efficiency of functional component soluble dietary fibre, and effectively improve the processing characteristics of material.
The inventive method is simple, convenient, mild condition, low for equipment requirements, obtains starch and food fibre two kinds of products simultaneously, has recycled the solid substance of in potato slag about 81%, achieve the utilization of entirely dissolving of potato slag.
Through Experimental comparison, by the product of working method gained of the present invention, there is good physical property and physiologically active.The inventive method gained starch product has good transparency, swelling power and retrogradation compared with traditional machining processes gained starch, gained diet fiber product compared with similar products ratio contained by soluble dietary fibre is high, Sodium cholic acid high adsorption capacity, especially has clear superiority in the adsorptive power of cholesterol.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Attached Fig. 1 and 2 is processing process figure of the present invention, respectively illustrates operational path 1 and operational path 2.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1
(1) added water by 50kg potato residues in compounding jar and mix, the mass ratio of water and raw material is 3: 1, and gained feed liquid pumps into strainer and hydrocyclone, removes the impurity such as the grains of sand;
(2) by feed liquid milling treatment of colloid 2min after removal of impurities, homogeneous feed liquid is obtained;
(3) pH is adjusted to be 4.5 described homogeneous feed liquid, add by cellulase, polygalacturonase, aspartic protease, zytase, mannase 5: 2: 1: 1: 1 prozyme formed in mass ratio, enzyme concn is 2g/L, Enzymatic transformation 1h is carried out at 45 DEG C, by Filter Press, to obtain after enzymolysis filter cake (that is, filter residue after filtrate and enzymolysis respectively, the filter residue obtained after Filter Press also can be called filter cake, lower same).
(4) filtrate after described enzymolysis is obtained supernatant liquor and precipitation by cyclone separator separation, precipitate and obtain 1.2kg starch through the drying of vacuum drum drying machine.
(5) step (4) gained supernatant liquor is concentrated to obtain concentrated solution through vacuum-evaporator, volume is 1/10 of filtrate volume after enzymolysis; In described concentrated solution, add 95% food grade ethanol of 4 times of volumes, leave standstill 12h, under 2500g centrifugal force, centrifugal 10min obtains supernatant liquor and precipitation, and the ethanol in supernatant liquor is carried out solvent recuperation, obtains 0.75kg soluble dietary fibre by dry for pellet frozen.
(6) filter cake vacuum-drying after described enzymolysis is obtained 4.4kg insoluble dietary fibre.
Embodiment 2
(1) added water by 25kg potato residues in compounding jar and mix, the mass ratio of water and raw material is 4: 1, and gained feed liquid pumps into strainer and hydrocyclone, removes the impurity such as the grains of sand;
(2) by feed liquid milling treatment of colloid 2min after removal of impurities, homogeneous feed liquid is obtained;
(3) pH is adjusted to be 4.5 described homogeneous feed liquid, adding by cellulase, polygalacturonase, aspartic protease, zytase, mannase is 8: 3: 1: 2: 2 prozymes formed in mass ratio, enzyme concn is 0.5g/L, Enzymatic transformation 1h is carried out, by obtaining filtrate and filter cake respectively after pressure filter press filtration at 50 DEG C;
(4) step (3) gained filtrate is precipitated thing and supernatant liquor through swirler separation;
(5) step (4) gained supernatant liquor 1/2 is transmitted back in the compounding jar of step (1), add 50L fresh water and 20kg removal of impurities potato slag simultaneously, then pH is adjusted to be 4.5 and to add (3) described prozyme, enzyme concn is 0.5g/L, new round extraction is carried out by step (2), (3), (4), all the other supernatant liquors enter surge tank continuously, to often take turns gained filter cake mixing, gained precipitation through vacuum drum drying machine dry 0.75kg starch;
(6) step (5) gained supernatant liquor is concentrated through vacuum-evaporator, obtain that concentrated solution is total extracting liquid volume 1/6; The food grade ethanol of 4 times of volumes 95% is added in described concentrated solution, leave standstill 10h, under 2500g centrifugal force, centrifugal 10min obtains supernatant liquor and precipitation, and the ethanol in supernatant liquor is carried out solvent recuperation, and precipitation 60 DEG C of vacuum-dryings are obtained 1.25kg soluble dietary fibre;
(7) step (5) gained filter cake is obtained 3.8kg insoluble dietary fibre 60 DEG C of vacuum-dryings.
Embodiment 3
(1) added water by 50kg potato residues in compounding jar and mix, the mass ratio of water and raw material is 3: 1, and gained feed liquid pumps into strainer and hydrocyclone, removes the impurity such as the grains of sand;
(2) by feed liquid milling treatment of colloid 2min after removal of impurities, homogeneous feed liquid is obtained;
(3) pH is adjusted to be 4.5 step (2) gained homogeneous feed liquid, adding by cellulase, polygalacturonase, aspartic protease, zytase, mannase is 9: 3: 1: 2: 2 prozymes formed in mass ratio, enzyme concn is 1.5g/L, Enzymatic transformation 2h is carried out, by obtaining filtrate and filter cake respectively after pressure filter press filtration at 45 DEG C; (4) by step (3) gained filtrate through swirler be separated be precipitated thing and supernatant liquor, gained precipitation through vacuum drum drying machine dry 1.1kg starch;
(5) step (3) gained filter cake is mixed rear vacuum-evaporator with step (4) gained supernatant liquor to concentrate, obtain the concentrated feed liquid that volume is original volume 1/3;
(6) lyophilize of described concentrate feed liquid is obtained 5.25kg composite dietary fiber.
Embodiment 4
(1) added water by 30kg potato residues in compounding jar and mix, the mass ratio of water and raw material is 4: 1, and gained feed liquid pumps into strainer and hydrocyclone, removes the impurity such as the grains of sand;
(2) by feed liquid milling treatment of colloid 2min after removal of impurities, homogeneous feed liquid is obtained;
(3) pH is adjusted to be 4.5 step (2) gained homogeneous feed liquid, adding by cellulase, polygalacturonase, aspartic protease, zytase, mannase is 7: 2: 1: 2: 2 prozymes formed in mass ratio, enzyme concn is 1g/L, Enzymatic transformation 2h is carried out, by obtaining filtrate and filter cake respectively after pressure filter press filtration at 50 DEG C; (4) step (3) gained filtrate is precipitated thing and supernatant liquor through swirler separation;
(5) step (4) gained supernatant liquor 1/2 is entered surge tank continuously, all the other supernatant liquors are transmitted back in the compounding jar of step (1), add 50L fresh water and 20kg removal of impurities potato slag simultaneously, then pH is adjusted to be 4.5 and to add (3) described prozyme, enzyme concn is 0.5g/L, by step (2), (3), (4) new round extraction is carried out, again gained supernatant liquor 1/2 is entered surge tank continuously afterwards, all the other supernatant liquors are transmitted back in the compounding jar of step (1), add 50L fresh water and 20kg removal of impurities potato slag simultaneously, then pH is adjusted to be 4.5 and to add (3) described prozyme, enzyme concn is 0.5g/L, by step (2), (3), (4) new round extraction is carried out, three-wheel gained filter cake is mixed, stored in compounding jar, three-wheel gained precipitation through vacuum drum drying machine dry 1.26kg starch,
(6) the part supernatant liquor in step (5) surge tank is pumped into the compounding jar having filter cake, after mixing by mixed liquor vacuum concentration to 1/3 of original volume, then will concentrate feed liquid vacuum-drying, obtain 7.3kg composite dietary.
Carry out contrast experiment to the product of above-described embodiment gained, result is as follows:
Table 1 the inventive method reclaims starch and traditional machining processes gained starch property contrasts
Table 2 the inventive method obtains the main moiety of potato meals compound food fiber product and import like product
Table 3 the inventive method obtains potato meals compound food fiber product and import like product character contrasts
The functional performance that table 4 the inventive method obtains potato meals compound food fiber product and import like product contrasts
Claims (4)
1. the working method of potato residues comprehensive utilization coproduction starch, food fibre, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) batch mixing removal of impurities: in compounding jar, potato residues is added water and mix, the mass ratio of water and raw material is 3 ~ 10: 1;
(2) mechanical breaking-wall method: step (1) gained feed liquid is carried out 1 ~ 2 mechanical breaking-wall method process, obtains homogeneous feed liquid;
(3) enzymolysis filters: regulating step (2) gained homogeneous material liquid pH is 4 ~ 5, adds prozyme, and enzyme concn is 0.01 ~ 5g/L, at 40 ~ 50 DEG C, carry out Enzymatic transformation 1 ~ 10h, then feed liquid is filtered, obtains filtrate and filter residue respectively;
(4) recovery of starch: the separation of step (3) gained filtrate is precipitated thing and supernatant liquor, gained throw out is obtained starch after drying;
(5) Extraction medium circulation: step (4) gained supernatant liquor 2/3-1/2 is transmitted back in the compounding jar of step (1), Substitute For Partial fresh water mixes with the potato slag newly added, the mass ratio of water and raw material keeps 3 ~ 10: 1, new round extraction is carried out by step (2), (3), (4), all the other supernatant liquors enter surge tank continuously, collect filter residue continuously simultaneously;
(6) food fibre is prepared: by step (5) gained supernatant concentration to 1/5 ~ 1/10 of original volume, obtain concentrated solution, in described concentrated solution, add precipitation agent, leave standstill 2 ~ 24h, then be separated to obtain supernatant liquor and precipitation, dry obtained soluble dietary fibre will be precipitated; Reclaim the solvent in supernatant liquor simultaneously; Step (5) gained filter residue and drying is obtained insoluble dietary fibre; Or
Step (5) gained supernatant liquor is mixed with gained filter residue final vacuum is concentrated into original volume 1/2 ~ 1/5, then will concentrate the obtained composite dietary of feed liquid drying.
2. the working method of potato residues according to claim 1 comprehensive utilization coproduction starch, food fibre, is characterized in that the described potato residues residue marc that to be industrial with potato be after raw material extracts starch.
3. potato residues comprehensive utilization coproduction starch according to claim 1, the working method of food fibre, it is characterized in that described step (3) described prozyme is by cellulase, polygalacturonase, aspartic protease, arabinoxylanase, mannase forms, wherein cellulose enzyme activity is 20000 ~ 30000u/g, 50-70% is accounted in prozyme, the work of polygalacturonase enzyme is 10000 ~ 20000u/g, account for 10-30%, the work of aspartic protease enzyme is 50000 ~ 100000u/g, account for 1-10%, the work of arabinoxylanase enzyme is 10000 ~ 30000u/g, account for 10-20%, the work of mannase enzyme is 2000 ~ 10000u/g, account for 10-20%.
4. the potato residues comprehensive utilization coproduction starch according to claim 1 or 3, the working method of food fibre, the aqueous ethanolic solution or the concentration expressed in percentage by volume that it is characterized in that described step (6) described precipitation agent to be concentration expressed in percentage by volume be 90%-100% are the aqueous acetone solution of 90%-100%, and the consumption of described precipitation agent is 1 ~ 5 times of concentrated solution volume.
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| CN105461816A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-04-06 | 黑龙江省林副特产研究所 | Acorn starch and preparation method thereof |
| CN106036648A (en) * | 2016-06-12 | 2016-10-26 | 宁夏薯味仙食品科技开发有限公司 | Method for preparing potato nutrition porridge and method for preparing potato nutrition powder |
| CN106317232A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-11 | 兰州理工大学 | Potato starch extraction method |
| CN107922510A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2018-04-17 | 诺维信公司 | Starch extraction |
| CN107960665A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-04-27 | 吉林省科创中小企业孵化器有限公司 | A kind of method using potato starchy residue extraction dietary fiber |
| CN108659136A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-10-16 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | A kind of preparation process of high-efficiency low-toxicity hair sweet potato starch |
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| CN111011872A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-04-17 | 长沙理工大学 | Method for preparing rice bran dietary fiber and rice bran starch by co-production of rice bran |
| CN111636203A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-09-08 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Method for preparing bio-based textile slurry from waste potato residues |
| CN114521657A (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-05-24 | 珠海津之敦医药科技有限公司 | Cereal beta-glucan co-evaporation compound and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116058505A (en) * | 2023-02-20 | 2023-05-05 | 石家庄石牧药业有限公司 | Weight-losing and antioxidant potato extract compound and preparation method thereof |
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