CN104479090A - 聚氨酯延迟性催化剂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

聚氨酯延迟性催化剂及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN104479090A
CN104479090A CN201410735840.2A CN201410735840A CN104479090A CN 104479090 A CN104479090 A CN 104479090A CN 201410735840 A CN201410735840 A CN 201410735840A CN 104479090 A CN104479090 A CN 104479090A
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赵叶宝
杜春毅
章海飞
林剑
章芬成
林孝宾
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Zhejiang Huafeng new material Co., Ltd
ZHEJIANG HUAFON SYNTHETIC RESIN Co.,Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种聚氨酯延迟性催化剂及其制备方法和应用,所述聚氨酯延迟性催化剂,为硫酸二乙酯与三乙烯二胺的反应产物。本发明的有益效果是:相比于现有的胺类催化剂,延迟催化效果更优。

Description

聚氨酯延迟性催化剂及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明涉及一种聚氨酯催化剂,特别涉及一种聚氨酯发泡用延迟性催化剂。
背景技术
为了延长聚氨酯树脂在模具内的流动时间,加快聚氨酯的最后聚合速率和固化速率,减少制品在模具中的停留时间,提高模具的使用率,模塑工艺常需使用延迟性催化剂。聚氨酯延迟催化剂是一种相对于传统催化剂而言,拥有缓和的前期催化效率同时不影响产品后期固化速度的特种聚氨酯催化剂,即可有效地延迟反应混合料的乳白期和凝胶时间,提高反应物料的流动性,但又不延长制品的固化时间和脱模时间。
200880014960.6中国专利申请中公开了三乙烯二胺和三嗪混合物作为聚氨酯催化剂。ZL200710110026中国专利公开了一种或多种叔胺催化剂组合物和2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇作为聚氨酯发泡材料的催化剂。88108929.X中国专利申请公开了一种微泡孔刚性聚氨酯泡沫的延迟性催化剂为(a)三亚乙基二胺,(b)二(二甲基氨基乙基)醚与N,N,N’,N”,N”-五甲基二亚乙基三胺的至少一种化合物,(c)四甲基六亚甲基二胺和三甲基氨基乙基哌嗪的至少一种化合物,和(d)甲酸。201180007167.5中国专利申请公开了1,2,4-三唑封闭的1,8-二氮杂双环-5.4.0-十一烯-7和邻苯二甲酸封闭的1,8-二氮杂双环-5.4.0-十一烯-7的混合物作为聚氨酯延迟性催化剂。200880121048中国专利申请公开了用于聚氨酯泡沫的空间受阻胺催化剂。02105538.6中国专利公开了有机羧酸封端的胺类催化剂,作为聚氨酯泡沫塑料的延迟性催化剂。
上述专利公开的催化剂,均存在延迟效果不理想的缺陷,现已不能满足生产工艺对延迟性催化剂的要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,提供一种聚氨酯延迟性催化剂及其制备方法和应用,以克服现有技术存在的缺陷。
本发明所述的聚氨酯延迟性催化剂,为硫酸二乙酯与三乙烯二胺的反应产物;
本发明所述的聚氨酯延迟性催化剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
冰水浴中,将硫酸二乙酯的乙醇溶液加入三乙烯二胺的乙醇溶液,然后在23~27℃反应1~3小时,再从反应产物中收集所述的聚氨酯延迟性催化剂;
三乙烯二胺与硫酸二乙酯的摩尔比为1:1;
所述的从反应产物中收集所述的聚氨酯延迟性催化剂的方法,包括如下步骤:
在68~72℃条件下,用减压旋蒸除去乙醇,最后,68~72℃条件下,真空干燥44~52小时;
采用上述方法获得的聚氨酯延迟性催化剂,可用于制备聚氨酯树脂,其应用方法如下步骤:
(1)将低聚物多元醇、发泡剂、匀泡剂、扩链剂和所述的催化剂混合,作为A组份;
各个组分的重量份数为:
所述的低聚物多元醇为分子量为1000~3000的聚酯多元醇和聚醚多元醇的混合物,其中聚酯多元醇和聚醚多元醇的质量比为4:6~6:4;
所述的聚酯多元醇选自聚己内酯二醇、聚己二酸乙二醇、聚己二酸己二醇或聚己二酸一缩二乙二醇;
所述聚醚多元醇选自聚四氢呋喃二醇或聚氧化丙烯二醇;
所述的发泡剂为水、二氯氟乙烷HCFC-141b、五氟丙烷HFC-245fa、1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷或二氯甲烷中的一种或多种混合物;
所述的扩链剂为乙二醇、1,4-丁二醇或1,6-己二醇中的一种或多种混合物。
(2)将低聚物多元醇和二异氰酸酯混合反应,反应温度为60~80℃,反应时间为3~4小时,作为B组份;
各个组分的重量份数为:低聚物多元醇30~90份,二异氰酸酯100份;
所述的低聚物多元醇为分子量为1000~3000的聚酯多元醇;
所述的聚酯多元醇选自聚己内酯二醇(PCL)、聚己二酸乙二醇、聚己二酸己二醇或聚己二酸一缩二乙二醇;
所述的二异氰酸酯为甲苯二异氰酸酯TDI、4,4’-二甲苯甲烷二异氰酸酯MDI、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯HDI、异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯IPDI、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯HMDI、1,5-奈二异氰酸酯NDI中的一种或多种混合物,优选4,4’-二甲苯甲烷二异氰酸酯MDI。
本发明的有益效果是:相比于现有的胺类催化剂,本发明的催化剂延迟催化效果更优。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明进行具体的描述,只用于对本发明进行进一步说明,不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。实施例中采用的实施条件可以根据具体厂家的条件和要求做一些非本质的改进和调整。
实施例1
称取114g(1.0mol)的三乙烯二胺(水分含量2%)溶于300ml乙醇后加入到250ml三口烧瓶中,然后置于冰水浴中,称取155g(1.0mol)的硫酸二乙酯(水分含量0.9%)溶于300ml乙醇后,加入到500ml恒压漏斗中,将恒压漏斗固定在三口烧瓶上,将硫酸二乙酯+乙醇混合液逐滴滴加到三口烧瓶内,待溶液滴加完毕,将水浴温度升高到25℃反应两小时。整个过程需要用磁子搅拌,保证反应物充分混匀。反应完毕后,在70℃条件下用减压旋蒸除去乙醇,最后,在70℃条件下真空干燥48小时,即可得三乙烯二胺硫酸二乙酯盐。
实施例2
(1)将6.00kg分子量为1500的聚己二酸己二醇、4.00kg分子量为1500的聚四氢呋喃二醇、0.12kg三乙烯二胺硫酸二乙酯盐、0.01kg蒸馏水、0.05kg有机硅匀泡剂、0.70kg 1,4-丁二醇混合均匀,作为聚氨酯树脂A组份;(2)将1.16kg聚己二酸己二醇,3.87kg 4,4’-二甲苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)混合反应,控制反应温度为60℃,反应时间4小时后,作为聚氨酯树脂B组份。
实施例3
(1)将5.00kg分子量为2000的聚己二酸己二醇、将5.00kg分子量为2000的聚四氢呋喃二醇、0.15kg三乙烯二胺硫酸二乙酯盐、0.03kg蒸馏水、0.08kg有机硅匀泡剂、0.40kg乙二醇和0.60kg1,4-丁二醇混合均匀,作为聚氨酯树脂A组份;(2)将2.47kg聚己二酸己二醇、4.95kg 4,4’-二甲苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)混合反应,控制反应温度为80℃,反应时间3小时后,作为聚氨酯树脂B组份。
实施例4
将6.00kg分子量为3000的聚己二酸己二醇、4.00kg分子量为3000的聚四氢呋喃二醇、0.20kg三乙烯二胺硫酸二乙酯盐、0.05kg蒸馏水、0.12kg有机硅匀泡剂、0.50kg乙二醇和1.00kg1,4-丁二醇混合均匀,作为聚氨酯树脂A组份;(2)将5.28kg聚己二酸己二醇、5.86kg 4,4’-二甲苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)混合反应,控制反应温度为60℃,反应时间4小时后,作为聚氨酯树脂B组份。
实施例5
将6.00kg分子量为1500的聚己二酸己二醇、4.00kg分子量为2000的聚四氢呋喃二醇、0.18kg三乙烯二胺硫酸二乙酯盐、0.04kg蒸馏水、0.10kg有机硅匀泡剂、1.20kg 1,4-丁二醇混合均匀,作为聚氨酯树脂A组份;(2)将3.26kg聚己二酸己二醇、5.43kg 4,4’-二甲苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)混合反应,控制反应温度为80℃,反应时间3小时后,作为聚氨酯树脂B组份。
对比例1
(1)将6.00kg分子量为1500的聚己二酸己二醇、4.00kg分子量为1500的聚四氢呋喃二醇、0.12kg DC1027(三乙烯二胺和异辛酸混合物)、0.01kg蒸馏水、0.05kg有机硅匀泡剂、0.70kg 1,4-丁二醇混合均匀,作为聚氨酯树脂A组份;(2)将1.16kg聚己二酸己二醇,3.87kg 4,4’-二甲苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)混合反应,控制反应温度为60℃,反应时间4小时后,作为聚氨酯树脂B组份。
对比例2
(1)将5.00kg分子量为2000的聚己二酸己二醇、将5.00kg分子量为2000的聚四氢呋喃二醇、0.15kg DC1027(三乙烯二胺和异辛酸混合物)、0.03kg蒸馏水、0.08kg有机硅匀泡剂、0.40kg乙二醇和0.60kg1,4-丁二醇混合均匀,作为聚氨酯树脂A组份;(2)将2.47kg聚己二酸己二醇、4.95kg 4,4’-二甲苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)混合反应,控制反应温度为80℃,反应时间3小时后,作为聚氨酯树脂B组份。
对比例3
将6.00kg分子量为3000的聚己二酸己二醇、4.00kg分子量为3000的聚四氢呋喃二醇、0.20kg DC1027(三乙烯二胺和异辛酸混合物)、0.05kg蒸馏水、0.12kg有机硅匀泡剂、0.50kg乙二醇和1.00kg1,4-丁二醇混合均匀,作为聚氨酯树脂A组份;(2)将5.28kg聚己二酸己二醇、5.86kg 4,4’-二甲苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)混合反应,控制反应温度为60℃,反应时间4小时后,作为聚氨酯树脂B组份。
对比例4
将6.00kg分子量为1500的聚己二酸己二醇、4.00kg分子量为2000的聚四氢呋喃二醇、0.18kg DC1027(三乙烯二胺和异辛酸混合物)、0.04kg蒸馏水、0.10kg有机硅匀泡剂、1.20kg 1,4-丁二醇混合均匀,作为聚氨酯树脂A组份;(2)将3.26kg聚己二酸己二醇、5.43kg 4,4’-二甲苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)混合反应,控制反应温度为80℃,反应时间3小时后,作为聚氨酯树脂B组份。
实施例2~5和对比例1~4的A组份和B组份在浇注机中按100的泡沫塑料指数[指数=(NCO摩尔数/活性氢摩尔数)×100]充分混合5秒,将混合物注入到3L的纸杯中。将纸杯置于超声升速设备中以测定反应时间,结果列于表1。
由表1可见,催化剂的种类影响聚氨酯发泡过程中的乳白时间、StringGel时间、pinch时间和全起发时间,即影响聚氨酯树脂在模具中的流动时间、聚合速率和固化速率。本发明的延迟性催化剂与现有的延迟性催化剂DC1027相比,乳白时间较长,将其用于树脂中可增加树脂在模具中的流动时间,方便生产操作,同时后续的String Gel时间、pinch时间和全起发时间较短,即聚合速率和固化速率较快。因此本发明的延迟性催化剂的延迟效果优。

Claims (8)

1.聚氨酯延迟性催化剂,其特征在于,为硫酸二乙酯与三乙烯二胺的反应产物。
2.聚氨酯延迟性催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:将硫酸二乙酯的乙醇溶液加入三乙烯二胺的乙醇溶液反应,再从反应产物中收集所述的聚氨酯延迟性催化剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,冰水浴中,将硫酸二乙酯的乙醇溶液加入三乙烯二胺的乙醇溶液,然后在23~27℃反应1~3小时。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,三乙烯二胺与硫酸二乙酯的摩尔比为1:1。
5.根据权利要求2~4任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的从反应产物中收集所述的聚氨酯延迟性催化剂的方法,包括如下步骤:在68~72℃条件下,用减压旋蒸除去乙醇,最后,68~72℃条件下,真空干燥44~52小时。
6.根据权利要求2~5任一项所述方法制备的聚氨酯延迟性催化剂。
7.根据权利要求1或6所述的聚氨酯延迟性催化剂的应用,其特征在于,用于制备聚氨酯树脂。
8.根据权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于,应用方法如下步骤:
(1)将低聚物多元醇、发泡剂、匀泡剂、扩链剂和所述的催化剂混合,作为A组份;
各个组分的重量份数为:
所述的低聚物多元醇为分子量为1000~3000的聚酯多元醇和聚醚多元醇的混合物,其中聚酯多元醇和聚醚多元醇的质量比为4:6~6:4;
所述的聚酯多元醇选自聚己内酯二醇、聚己二酸乙二醇、聚己二酸己二醇或聚己二酸一缩二乙二醇;
所述聚醚多元醇选自聚四氢呋喃二醇或聚氧化丙烯二醇;
所述的发泡剂为水、二氯氟乙烷HCFC-141b、五氟丙烷HFC-245fa、1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷或二氯甲烷中的一种或多种混合物;
所述的扩链剂为乙二醇、1,4-丁二醇或1,6-己二醇中的一种或多种混合物。
(2)将低聚物多元醇和二异氰酸酯混合反应,反应温度为60~80℃,反应时间为3~4小时,作为B组份;
各个组分的重量份数为:低聚物多元醇30~90份,二异氰酸酯100份;
所述的低聚物多元醇为分子量为1000~3000的聚酯多元醇;
所述的聚酯多元醇选自聚己内酯二醇(PCL)、聚己二酸乙二醇、聚己二酸己二醇或聚己二酸一缩二乙二醇;
所述的二异氰酸酯为甲苯二异氰酸酯TDI、4,4’-二甲苯甲烷二异氰酸酯MDI、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯HDI、异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯IPDI、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯HMDI、1,5-奈二异氰酸酯NDI中的一种或多种混合物。
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CN109790270A (zh) * 2016-10-17 2019-05-21 罗杰斯公司 用于延迟聚氨酯的固化的方法以及由其制成的组合物和制品
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CN108250393B (zh) * 2017-12-21 2020-09-29 浙江华峰新材料有限公司 水泥挡板用聚氨酯原液及其制备方法和应用
CN113771167A (zh) * 2021-10-13 2021-12-10 苏州昆仑绿建木结构科技股份有限公司 一种碳纳米管/木材复合材料的制备方法
CN113980454A (zh) * 2021-11-29 2022-01-28 山东一诺威聚氨酯股份有限公司 含可回收废旧颗粒的超低密度聚氨酯中底或鞋垫组合料及其制备方法

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