CN104472205A - Cassava and bamboo fungus interplanting method - Google Patents

Cassava and bamboo fungus interplanting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104472205A
CN104472205A CN201510018216.5A CN201510018216A CN104472205A CN 104472205 A CN104472205 A CN 104472205A CN 201510018216 A CN201510018216 A CN 201510018216A CN 104472205 A CN104472205 A CN 104472205A
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China
Prior art keywords
cassava
dictyophora phalloidea
sowing
earthing
bamboo
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CN201510018216.5A
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Inventor
林衍铨
马璐
李上彬
应正河
曾绍山
江晓凌
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INSTITUTE OF EDIBLE FUNGI FUJIAN ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
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INSTITUTE OF EDIBLE FUNGI FUJIAN ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
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Priority to CN201510018216.5A priority Critical patent/CN104472205A/en
Publication of CN104472205A publication Critical patent/CN104472205A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00Cultivation of mushrooms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for

Abstract

The invention provides a cassava and bamboo fungus interplanting method and belongs to the field of edible fungus production. The method includes the steps that bamboo fungus compost is prepared, discharging is performed, bamboo fungus sowing and soil covering are performed, cassava is planted, bamboo funguses are managed and harvesting is performed, the problems that because of continuous cropping of the bamboo funguses, the yield is reduced, the disease and pest resisting capacity is lowered, and the bamboo funguses seriously fight for land with other crops are solved, the cassava and the bamboo funguses are interplanted, and the method mainly aims to increase the land utilization rate and comprehensive benefits of cassava and bamboo fungus plantation.

Description

A kind of method of cassava interplanting dictyophora phalloidea
Technical field
The invention belongs to Edible Fungi field, be specifically related to the stereo cultivation technology of a kind of cassava field interplanting dictyophora phalloidea.
Background technology
In recent years, along with China's rural productivity improves constantly, rural economy presents the scene of becoming increasingly prosperous, but also bring the problems such as more ecology, environment simultaneously, as a large amount of agricultural wastes, crops straw, corncob, melon and fruit tendril, edible fungi residue etc. cannot obtain Appropriate application and deal carefully with, cause larger pollution of area source to environment.For Fujian, cassava is the third-largest tuber crops of this province after sweet potato, potato, and cultivation history is long, and cultivated area is comparatively wide, according to statistics, and the existing area under cultivation of the whole province about 1.67 ten thousand hm 2, only Datian County Jun Xi town cultivated area just reaches 1,760,000 hm 2.Except production is planted, the Cassava stalk overwhelming majority does not have value, arbitrarily burns, abandons and riverbed can be caused to block or air pollution.How accelerating crops leftovers resource conversion, a large amount of crops straws is turned waste into wealth, is current urgent problem.
Dictyophora phalloidea is nutritious, delicious flavour, and culturing raw material mainly contains bamboo bits, bagasse, wood chip etc.In recent years, along with improving constantly of Dictyophora indusiata Cultivation technology, planting technique is also tending towards ripe, and training area also expands gradually, and cultivation dictyophora phalloidea has become one of important channel of wealth accumulation in rural areas.But Dictyophora indusiata Cultivation can not continuous cropping; same field there will be when planting dictyophora phalloidea continuously that output reduces, degradation phenomenon under diseases and insect pests resistance; peasant household, when carrying out Dictyophora indusiata Cultivation, usually can select in nearly 5 years of nonirrigated farmland, water-drought ring does the field that dictyophora phalloidea was never cultivated on ground in 3 years.Thus, be often only and have part farmland to can be used for cultivating dictyophora phalloidea, occurred the contradiction that dictyophora phalloidea and production estimation " strive ground " seriously constraining the development of dictyophora phalloidea industry.How to make full use of existing land area and just seem particularly important to increase Dictyophora indusiata Cultivation benefit.
Crops and edible mushroom are interplanted and can form mutually beneficial group relation.First, utilize agricultural crop straw culturing edible fungus, can effectively save production cost, improve straw resource utilization rate, alleviate bacterium woods contradiction, solve the production materials problem of edible mushroom.Secondly, a large amount of agricultural crop straws can be changed into high-quality protein that can be edible by Edible Fungi, the metabolite secreted in process of growth can be increase soil fertility, promote crop growth, the carbonic acid gas that respiration discharges can be crop photosynthesis and supplies raw materials, promote that increasing crop yield increases income, bacterium slag is also again good agricultural organic fertilizer behind field, really embody Edible Fungi " when not striving with agriculture, with people do not strive grain, do not strive with grain ground, do not strive fertilizer with ground, take up an area less, invest little, instant effect " etc. feature.Again, crops and edible mushroom carry out interplanting also can space, Appropriate application field, fully excavates the yield potential in soil, increases the land area of one unit output value, can realize recycling agricultural byproducts discarded object after straw-returning.Therefore, cassava interplanting dictyophora phalloidea can improve land utilization rate, and increase cassava plantation comprehensive benefit, improving household economy income, is the three-dimensional planting mode of a kind of space, time intensive style.
High temperatures solid mushroom during dictyophora phalloidea belongs to.Mycelial growth temperature scope is 10 ~ 35 DEG C, and optimum temperature is 16 ~ 25 DEG C, under natural conditions, and local daily minimal tcmperature is stabilized in more than 10 DEG C, just can sow.Ningde City Inst. of Agricultural Sciences of Fujian Province has carried out the research of planting dictyophora phalloidea in vineyard, by the test of 3 years, result showed, vineyard dictyophora phalloidea ecosystem culture technique is feasible, economic benefit doubles than grape nonoculture, reaches the object of growth of agricultural efficiency increasing peasant income; Agrotechnical station, township employing husk replacement bamboo wood is radically reformed orchard cultivation dictyophora phalloidea in Shouning County, and take full advantage of agricultural wastes offcuts, can obtain higher output, per mu yield dictyophora phalloidea can reach about 80 kg; Nanping, Fujian Pucheng nine herd agrotechnical station in last century the nineties carried out the experiments in cultivation such as dictyophora phalloidea interplanting corn, the seed of Job's tears, soybean, by facts have proved for many years: " dictyophora phalloidea one soybean " is interplanted most effective, and this technology has been carried out large-scale popularization; With pure crops straw for raw material, carry out Cultivation of Dictyophora and grain, dish crop interplanting are interplanted, explore " Cultivation of Dictyophora-corn-sponge gourd-asparagus lettuce " efficiency cultivation technology for high, average of the whole year every mu income nearly ten thousand yuan; Dictyophora phalloidea is interplanted by chestnut wood in Feng Lin people's government of township agricultural synthesis service station, Jiangshan City, Zhejiang Province, both adds economic benefit, and improves again the soil fertility of Li Lin, and achieved good economic benefit; Gutian Area, Fujian Province county adopts capsicum interplanting dictyophora phalloidea to also obtain successfully; Tiandong County, Guangxi has also occurred utilizing sugarcane top to carry out the technology of the outdoor cultivation of dictyophora phalloidea.In addition, soybean, oily a kind of apple, grape, citrus, Lee, pears etc. also can be interplanted with dictyophora phalloidea.
At present, domestic temporary report of interplanting without cassava and dictyophora phalloidea.In order to determine the rational method that cassava and dictyophora phalloidea are interplanted and method, we test cassava/dictyophora phalloidea interplanting method.
Summary of the invention
A kind of cassava is the object of the present invention is to provide to interplant the method for dictyophora phalloidea, occur that output reduces for during dictyophora phalloidea continuous cropping, degradation phenomenon under diseases and insect pests resistance, interplants dictyophora phalloidea and cassava, main purpose improves land utilization rate, increases cassava plantation comprehensive benefit.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The present invention includes following steps:
Step 1: select the cassava field with irrigation conditions.
Step 2: the preparation of dictyophora phalloidea composts or fertilisers of cultivating and discharge.Dictyophora phalloidea composts or fertilisers of cultivating is divided into major ingredient and auxiliary material.Major ingredient can adopt bamboo class, trees class, stalk, weeds class etc.Auxiliary material is natural pond liquid, natural pond slag, urea, animal dung etc.Cultivation formula is: mao bamboon considers 50 % ~ 100% to be worth doing, husk 50 % ~ 100%, and except above raw material, every 666.7m2 executes urea 25 kg, superphosphate 25 kg.After the mixing of the raw material of drying being mixed thoroughly, adopt and prewet while windrow method, the wide 1.5m ~ 2m of stockpile, high 1.8 m, length is not limit, every turning in 15 days once, and turning 2-3 time altogether.Make composts or fertilisers of cultivating all ferment evenly, fermentation ends also confirms that composts or fertilisers of cultivating can be sowed without after ammonia taste in blanking.
Step 3: dictyophora phalloidea sowing and earthing.Sowing time is upper, the middle ten days in March, and during sowing, it is block bacterial classification to be broken into chinquapin size, and adopt bunch planting method, quincunx sowing, broadcasts a cave every 8 ~ 10 cm, and seeding quantity is 0.5 ~ 1.0kg/m2.Sowing earthing on the same day, cover soil material is field soil, thick 5 ~ 8 cm of earthing.Straw on earthing bonnet.
Step 4: cassava is planted.Cassava shifts to an earlier date film nursery in late Febuary, transplants when late March cassava bud grows to 10 ~ 15 cm.Adopt that straight cutting is legal plants cassava seedling, spacing 70 cm ~ 90 cm.Cassava is every 666.7m2 sealing fertilizer 10 ~ 15 kg after transplanting.
Step 5: dictyophora phalloidea manages and gathers.According to the needs of dictyophora phalloidea to growth conditions, take the control measures such as earthing, water spray, just can pluck when dictyophora phalloidea bacterium egg cut, cap expose.
The invention has the advantages that: 1, realize cassava field interplanting dictyophora phalloidea.
2, comprehensive benefit is planted higher than traditional cultivation pattern.
3, improve farmland utilization rate, increase the land area of one unit output value.
Embodiment
Embodiment one:
1, the preparation of dictyophora phalloidea composts or fertilisers of cultivating and discharge.Selected formula considers 100 % to be worth doing, every 666.7m for mao bamboon 2execute urea 25 kg, superphosphate 25 kg.After the mixing of the raw material of drying being mixed thoroughly, adopt and prewet while windrow method, the wide 1.5m of stockpile, high 1.8 m, length is not limit, every turning in 15 days once, and turning 3 times altogether.Make composts or fertilisers of cultivating all ferment evenly, fermentation ends also confirms that composts or fertilisers of cultivating can be sowed without after ammonia taste in blanking.
2, dictyophora phalloidea sowing and earthing.Sowing time is early March, and during sowing, bacterial classification is broken into chinquapin size bulk, adopt bunch planting method, quincunx sowing, broadcasts a cave every 10 cm, and seeding quantity is 0.5kg/m2.Sowing earthing on the same day, cover soil material is field soil, thick 5 cm of earthing.Earthing bonnet straw.
3, step 3: cassava is planted.Cassava shifts to an earlier date film nursery in late Febuary, transplants when late March cassava bud grows to 10 cm.Adopt that straight cutting is legal plants cassava seedling, spacing in the rows × line-spacing is 80 × 100cm.Cassava is every 666.7m2 sealing fertilizer 10 kg after transplanting.
4: dictyophora phalloidea manages and gathers.According to the needs of dictyophora phalloidea to growth conditions, take the control measures such as earthing, water spray, just can pluck when dictyophora phalloidea bacterium egg cut, cap expose.Through statistics, dictyophora phalloidea output is 61.3kg, cassava production 1966 kg.
Embodiment two:
1, the preparation of dictyophora phalloidea composts or fertilisers of cultivating and discharge.Selected formula considers 50 % to be worth doing, husk 50 %, every 666.7m for mao bamboon 2execute urea 25 kg, superphosphate 25 kg.After the mixing of the raw material of drying being mixed thoroughly, adopt and prewet while windrow method, wide 2 m of stockpile, high 1.8 m, length is not limit, every turning in 15 days once, and turning 2 times altogether.Make composts or fertilisers of cultivating all ferment evenly, fermentation ends also confirms that composts or fertilisers of cultivating can be sowed without after ammonia taste in blanking.
2, dictyophora phalloidea sowing and earthing.Sowing time is early March, and during sowing, bacterial classification is broken into chinquapin size bulk, adopt bunch planting method, quincunx sowing, broadcasts a cave every 8 cm, and seeding quantity is 1 kg/m 2.Sowing earthing on the same day, cover soil material is field soil, thick 8 cm of earthing.Earthing bonnet straw.
3, step 3: cassava is planted.Cassava shifts to an earlier date film nursery in late Febuary, transplants when late March cassava bud grows to 15 cm.Adopt that straight cutting is legal plants cassava seedling, spacing in the rows × line-spacing is 80 × 100cm.Cassava is every 666.7m after transplanting 2sealing fertilizer 15 kg.
4: dictyophora phalloidea manages and gathers.According to the needs of dictyophora phalloidea to growth conditions, take the control measures such as earthing, water spray, just can pluck when dictyophora phalloidea bacterium egg cut, cap expose.Through statistics, dictyophora phalloidea output is 66.5kg, cassava production 2030kg.
Embodiment three:
1, the preparation of dictyophora phalloidea composts or fertilisers of cultivating and discharge.Selected formula is husk 100 %, every 666.7m 2execute urea 25 kg, superphosphate 25 kg.After the mixing of the raw material of drying being mixed thoroughly, adopt and prewet while windrow method, the wide 1.5m of stockpile, high 1.8 m, length is not limit, every turning in 15 days once, and turning 3 times altogether.Make composts or fertilisers of cultivating all ferment evenly, fermentation ends also confirms that composts or fertilisers of cultivating can be sowed without after ammonia taste in blanking.
2, dictyophora phalloidea sowing and earthing.Sowing time is early March, and during sowing, bacterial classification is broken into chinquapin size bulk, adopt bunch planting method, quincunx sowing, broadcasts a cave every 8 cm, and seeding quantity is 0.75kg/m 2.Sowing earthing on the same day, cover soil material is field soil, thick 8 cm of earthing.Earthing bonnet straw.
3, step 3: cassava is planted.Cassava shifts to an earlier date film nursery in late Febuary, transplants when late March cassava bud grows to 15 cm.Adopt that straight cutting is legal plants cassava seedling, spacing in the rows × line-spacing is 80 × 100cm.Cassava is every 666.7m after transplanting 2sealing fertilizer 12.5 kg.
4: dictyophora phalloidea manages and gathers.According to the needs of dictyophora phalloidea to growth conditions, take the control measures such as earthing, water spray, just can pluck when dictyophora phalloidea bacterium egg cut, cap expose.Through statistics, dictyophora phalloidea output is 63.2 kg, cassava production 1978 kg.
According to above test and investigation statistics, the economic benefit before and after interplanting is as following table:
Table 1 single dictyophora phalloidea or cassava benefit
Adopt after nixed planting, saved dictyophora phalloidea early investment expense, bacterium slag, also behind field, also can increase soil fertility, reduce the use of chemical fertilizer.Therefore, the rear better economic benefit of interplanting is adopted.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, all equalizations done according to the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a method for cassava interplanting dictyophora phalloidea, is characterized in that: described step comprises as follows:
(1) preparation of dictyophora phalloidea composts or fertilisers of cultivating and discharge: dictyophora phalloidea composts or fertilisers of cultivating is divided into major ingredient and auxiliary material; Major ingredient adopts bamboo class, trees class, stalk, weeds class; Auxiliary material is natural pond liquid, natural pond slag, urea, animal dung; After the mixing of the raw material of drying being mixed thoroughly, adopt and prewet while windrow method, the wide 1.5m ~ 2m of stockpile, high 1.8 m, length is not limit, every turning in 15 days once, and turning 2-3 time altogether; Make composts or fertilisers of cultivating all ferment evenly, fermentation ends also confirms that composts or fertilisers of cultivating is without i.e. blanking sowing after ammonia taste;
(2) dictyophora phalloidea sowing and earthing: the sowing time is upper, the middle ten days in March, during sowing, it is block bacterial classification to be broken into chinquapin size, and adopt bunch planting method, quincunx sowing, broadcasts a cave every 8 ~ 10 cm, and seeding quantity is 0.5 ~ 1.0kg/m 2, sowing earthing on the same day, cover soil material is sandy loam, thick 5 ~ 8 cm of earthing, straw on earthing bonnet;
(3) cassava plantation: cassava shifts to an earlier date film nursery in late Febuary, transplants when late March cassava bud grows to 10 ~ 15 cm, adopts that straight cutting is legal plants cassava seedling, spacing 70 cm ~ 90 cm;
(4) dictyophora phalloidea manages and gathers: according to the needs of dictyophora phalloidea to growth conditions, takes earthing, water spray control measures, just plucks when dictyophora phalloidea bacterium egg cut, cap expose.
2. the method for a kind of cassava interplanting dictyophora phalloidea according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (1), cultivation formula is: mao bamboon considers 50 % ~ 100% to be worth doing, husk 50 % ~ 100%, except above raw material, and every 666.7m 2execute urea 25 kg, superphosphate 25 kg.
3. the method for a kind of cassava interplanting dictyophora phalloidea according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (2), cassava transplants rear every 666.7m 2sealing fertilizer 10 ~ 15 kg.
CN201510018216.5A 2015-01-15 2015-01-15 Cassava and bamboo fungus interplanting method Pending CN104472205A (en)

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CN106258269A (en) * 2015-05-20 2017-01-04 梁建好 A kind of mixed planting method of yam and Radix Betae
CN104920074B (en) * 2015-07-07 2017-06-06 海南农垦科技发展有限公司 A kind of method of utilization mushroom cultivation improved soil organic matter
CN107736186A (en) * 2017-11-08 2018-02-27 重庆市荣昌区林业科学技术推广站 A kind of method on the Cluster Bamboo bamboo root and stem of certain plants more than pseudo-wild cultivating for dictyophora phalloidea bacterium
CN108450269A (en) * 2018-02-24 2018-08-28 黎兴杨 A kind of interplanting method of cassava and leek
CN108967097A (en) * 2018-09-07 2018-12-11 福建省德化县芹峰休闲农场 A kind of Chinese yam and Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom share matrix interplanting method

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106258269A (en) * 2015-05-20 2017-01-04 梁建好 A kind of mixed planting method of yam and Radix Betae
CN104920068A (en) * 2015-06-03 2015-09-23 吴华球 Dictyophora rubrovalvata cultivation method
CN104920074B (en) * 2015-07-07 2017-06-06 海南农垦科技发展有限公司 A kind of method of utilization mushroom cultivation improved soil organic matter
CN107736186A (en) * 2017-11-08 2018-02-27 重庆市荣昌区林业科学技术推广站 A kind of method on the Cluster Bamboo bamboo root and stem of certain plants more than pseudo-wild cultivating for dictyophora phalloidea bacterium
CN108450269A (en) * 2018-02-24 2018-08-28 黎兴杨 A kind of interplanting method of cassava and leek
CN108967097A (en) * 2018-09-07 2018-12-11 福建省德化县芹峰休闲农场 A kind of Chinese yam and Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom share matrix interplanting method

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Application publication date: 20150401