CN104432488A - Processing method for improving polyphenol content in harvested tobacco leaves - Google Patents

Processing method for improving polyphenol content in harvested tobacco leaves Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104432488A
CN104432488A CN201410558372.6A CN201410558372A CN104432488A CN 104432488 A CN104432488 A CN 104432488A CN 201410558372 A CN201410558372 A CN 201410558372A CN 104432488 A CN104432488 A CN 104432488A
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tobacco
green
tobacco leaf
bulb temperature
dry
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CN104432488B (en
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禹利君
刘仲华
周清明
史云峰
高静
仇云龙
刘武嫦
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Hunan Agricultural University
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Hunan Agricultural University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B1/00—Preparation of tobacco on the plantation
    • A24B1/02—Arrangements in barns for preparatory treatment of the tobacco, e.g. with devices for drying
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/22—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by application of electric or wave energy or particle radiation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a processing method for improving the polyphenol content in harvested tobacco leaves. Fresh mature tobacco leaves at the lower portion, the middle portion and the upper portion are harvested and subjected to the steps of natural withering, ultraviolet irradiation, fine manipulation, stem weaving, pit filling and baking, and temperature and humidity are controlled in the ultraviolet irradiation process and the fine manipulation process. Compared with traditional withered baked tobacco leaves, tobacco leaf products obtained through the method have the advantages that the polyphenol content of the leaves at the lower portion, the middle portion and the upper portion is remarkably improved by 64.5-114.5%. Each technical process is technologically improved, it is effectively ensured that fresh tobacco leaves are subjected to natural withering, ultraviolet irradiation and fine manipulation after being harvested, the polyphenol content of the leaves at the lower portion, the middle portion and the upper portion is remarkably improved, the tobacco leaves can be conveyed to a tobacco house for stem weaving, pit filling and baking, time is shortened, efficiency is high, a material basis is provided for processing high-polyphenol-content tobacco leaves, and high-quality raw materials are provided for later high-purity extraction of polyphenolic compounds.

Description

Improve the processing method of adopting polyphenol content in rear tobacco leaf
Technical field
The present invention relates to tobacco leaf processing technology, specifically, relate to the processing method that polyphenol content in rear tobacco leaf is adopted in a kind of raising.
Background technology
World Health Organization's data display, the tobacco leaf production state maximum as the whole world and country of consumption, Chinese number of smokers, more than 3.5 hundred million, separately has about 7.4 hundred million populations to endure second-hand-cigarette harm to the fullest extent.Epidemiology survey, China dies from the number of smoking relevant disease every year up to 1,200,000.From 20 century 70 mid-terms to the beginning of the nineties, China causes the death toll of lung cancer to increase nearly 1.5 times by smoking, and in all tumours, amplification is maximum.Smoking is harmful to your health, causes the medical expense of the relevant diseases such as lung cancer suitable with tobacco tax revenue every year because of smoking.In recent years, Tobacco Control cry strengthens day by day, government faces dilemma.Complete Tobacco Control, 3,200 ten thousand peasants being engaged in tobacco planting will directly be returned to reduced circumstances level.In order to safeguard the physical and mental health of the numerous common people, stop the harm of tobacco to healthy generation, and do not cut down the income of peasant planting tobacco, the polyphenol compound useful to health is developed from tobacco, change harmful to treasure, what change tobacco sucks purposes, and therefrom obtain through refining polyphenol compound and develop for novelty teabag such as anti-oxidant, anticancer, radioresistances, the comprehensive utilization that can be tobacco provides new research direction.
Summary of the invention
It is on the low side with the flue-cured tobacco polyphenol compound content of existing explained hereafter that the present invention is intended to solution, provides a kind of raising to adopt the processing method of polyphenol content in rear tobacco leaf.
In order to realize the object of the invention, the processing method of polyphenol content in rear tobacco leaf is adopted in raising of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) pluck: the bottom of harvesting ripe, middle part, top fresh tobacco leaves, be transported to tobacco leaf pre-treatment workshop in time;
(2) naturally wither: the fresh tobacco leaves of harvesting is split on air blue frame (diameter 1.2m, 10 layers), it is 5-7 sheet that each thin bamboo strips used for weaving dish spreads tobacco leaf thickness, indoor temperature is 30 DEG C-36 DEG C, relative air humidity 60%-70%, electric fan flow of secondary air, wither 4-12 hour;
(3) Ultraviolet radiation: the tobacco leaf that step (2) obtains is divided on thin bamboo strips used for weaving dish, indoor temperature controls at 22 DEG C-26 DEG C, relative air humidity 80%-90%, and spreading tobacco leaf thickness is 5-7 sheet, open uviol lamp 2-4 hour, centre is stirred 1-2 time;
(4) green grass or young crops is done: carry out with reference to Oolong Tea technique.Indoor temperature controlled at 22 DEG C-26 DEG C, relative air humidity 80%-90%, the tobacco leaf that step (3) obtains is placed in vibration machine, and vibration machine speed setting is 30-40 rev/min, and first time shakes blue or green 2-4 minute, leaves standstill 20-40 minute; Second time shakes blue or green 4-6 minute, leaves standstill 1-1.5 hour; Third time shakes blue or green 6-8 minute, leaves standstill 1.5-2 hour; Shake for 4th time after blue or green 8-10 minute and leave standstill; Do after green grass or young crops terminates, at 22 DEG C-26 DEG C, the indoor of relative air humidity 80%-90% leave standstill;
(5) compile bar: according to tobacco leaf maturity and do the blue or green extent of damage and compile bar respectively, great Ye 2-3 leaf pugil, leaflet 3-5 leaf pugil, density is proper; The tobacco rod of 1.5-2m, the general tobacco leaf 50-60 that compiles scoops up;
(6) dress hole: the principle in dress hole is " above giving birth to ripe "; The distance inferior leads of adjacent two bars is generally 19-22cm, middle leaf top 2-3 canopy tobacco rod interval 20-22cm, bottom 2-3 canopy tobacco rod interval 22-25cm, and upper leaf spacing is generally 20-22cm, does not interspace;
(7) toast: adopt the general flavescence of flue-cured tobacco, fixation, dry muscle three-phase-drying for tobacco technique to carry out.
The present invention be chosen at extensively cultivate Hunan Tobacco Region cloud 87, K326, Hunan cigarette No. 3 kinds ripe fresh tobacco leaves, according to ripe precedence, pluck inferior leads, middle leaf, upper leaf successively at fine day 7:00-9:00 in the morning.
Aforesaid method, describedly withers naturally for after fresh tobacco leaves plucks, and be placed in indoor shady and cool place, people is not the regulation and control carrying out indoor temperature, humidity, only circulates with the low or first gear auxiliary air of electric fan, promotion moisture slow evaporation.
Aforesaid method, uses the uviol lamp of 30W in step (3), indoor every 20m 2about 8 described uviol lamps are installed.Described uviol lamp is removable, distance-type PHILIPS ultraviolet-sterilization fluorescent tube.Ultraviolet is a kind of high strength, high-energy rays, can promote the exciting of electronic energy, transition.Within 24 hours after fresh tobacco leaf is plucked, containing sufficient moisture, active enzyme component and response matrix in tobacco, the content of polyphenol compound in tobacco leaf after harvesting can be significantly improved after Ultraviolet radiation.
Preferably, doing blue or green in step (4) is 30 revs/min by vibration machine speed setting, and first time shakes blue or green 2 minutes, leaves standstill 30 minutes; Second time shakes blue or green 4 minutes, leaves standstill 1 hour; Third time shakes blue or green 6 minutes, leaves standstill 1.5 hours; Shake blue or green 8 minutes for 4th time, leave standstill.
Do the peculiar processing technology that green grass or young crops is oolong tea in reference Tea Processing, green grass or young crops will be shaken and combine with standing.Shake blue or green rotating speed 30 revs/min, blade and thin bamboo strips used for weaving barrel are swiped gently, blade deliquescing, tobacco leaf cells membrane permeability is increased, promote the releases such as malic dehydrogenase, phosphoric acid enol pyruvic acid carboxylase, succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome oxidase, promote that the organic acid such as malic acid, citric acid generates in a large number, form stronger sour environment.Leaving standstill makes leaf water and component content redistribute, and provides uniform material base for shaking green grass or young crops next time.
Medium ultraviolet of the present invention is irradiated, do blue or green temperature adopts air-conditioning to regulate; Ultraviolet irradiation, the artificial spraying of relative air humidity employing doing green grass or young crops, humidifier regulate and control.
Aforesaid method, step (7) baking concrete technology is as follows:
Tobacco leaf dress to be lighted a fire heating behind hole, makes barn dry-bulb temperature rise to 35-37 DEG C with the speed of 1 DEG C/h, and adjustment skylight opening degree, makes wet-bulb depression keep 2 DEG C-3 DEG C, extends the steady fire time, and tobacco leaf is turned yellow the floating green grass or young crops of band, and offshoot feels like jelly; Then raise dry-bulb temperature with the speed of 0.5-1 DEG C/h and bank up a fire in advance, making dry-bulb temperature maintain 38-42 DEG C, adjustment skylight, hole in the ground, make wet-bulb temperature remain on 36-37 DEG C, until two canopy tobacco leaves fade to the floating green grass or young crops of yellowish leukorrhea; Then make dry-bulb temperature rise to 41-48 DEG C and hold with the speed of 0.33-0.5 DEG C/h, wet-bulb temperature remain on 36-39 DEG C constant, until the yellow muscle of the basic pornographic movie of ceiling tobacco leaf, blade hooks sharp crimping, and offshoot feels like jelly; Make dry-bulb temperature rise to 52-55 DEG C with the speed of 0.5 DEG C/h again, wet-bulb temperature rises to 37-40 DEG C, until ceiling tobacco leaf reaches parent roll, and basic dry plate; Finally make dry-bulb temperature rise to 67-70 DEG C with the speed of 1 DEG C/h to hold, wet-bulb temperature rises to 40-42 DEG C gradually, until ceiling tobacco leaf reaches dry muscle standard, lasts 80-140 hour.
The present invention also provides the tobacco leaf being rich in polyphenol obtained according to the method described above.
Fresh tobacco leaves of the present invention carries out that appropriateness is withered naturally, ultraviolet irradiation, do blue or green process, has following advantage:
1. appropriateness is withered naturally, and blade scatters and disappears portion of water, and blade becomes softness, and cracky is not injured;
2. ultraviolet irradiation produces a large amount of active O 3, with polyphenol oxidase competition binding in tobacco leaf, avoid the oxidation polymerization of polyphenols, loss;
3. ultraviolet irradiation, enhances the permeability of tobacco leaf cells film, makes the releases such as malic dehydrogenase, phosphoric acid enol pyruvic acid carboxylase, succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome oxidase, generates the organic acids such as a large amount of malic acid, citric acid; Hydrolase of proteolysis strengthens, and facilitates the amino acid such as Cys and generates;
4. ultraviolet irradiation, do the blue or green relative air humidity condition larger at 22 DEG C of-26 DEG C of lower temperatures, 80-90% under carry out, maintaining tobacco leaf cells can keep relatively strong physiologically active in a long time; Blade and thin bamboo strips used for weaving barrel are swiped gently, blade deliquescing, and tobacco leaf cells membrane permeability is increased, and the inclusion such as organic acid, amino acid continues to generate;
5. the optimal reactive temperature of tobacco leaf polyphenol oxidase enzymatic activity is 35 DEG C-40 DEG C, optimum pH is 6.5-7.0, and ultraviolet irradiation, do green grass or young crops a large amount of malic acid, citric acid are discharged, pH value environment is no longer applicable to the performance of polyphenol oxidase activity, effectively can not promote the oxidation polymerization of polyphenols in fresh leaf; Ultraviolet irradiation, do blue or green environment temperature and be set to less than 26 DEG C, far below the optimal reactive temperature of polyphenol oxidase; Ultraviolet irradiation, do blue or green friction tobacco leaf cells membrane permeability is strengthened, the amino acid such as proteolysis generation Cys, inhibit the activity of polyphenol oxidase;
6. naturally wither, ultraviolet irradiation, do blue or green process, built a low temperature, low pH, release polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibitor--O 3, Cys environment, make polyphenol oxidase to lose oxidability to tobacco leaf polyphenols, the available protecting absolute content of polyphenols;
7. ultraviolet irradiation has the good action promoting that polyphenols generates to land for growing field crops tobacco, relative low temperature of the present invention, high humility do green grass or young crops and ultraviolet irradiation environment, maintain the physiologically active that cell is stronger, possess reaction mechanism that is identical, controlled syntheses polyphenol compound equally;
8. naturally wither, ultraviolet irradiation, do green grass or young crops, device therefor is simple, easy to operate, with low cost, all operations can be completed in one day, the baking process entering tobacco leaf can be converged, and significantly can improve the content of Flue-cured product polyphenol compound, for obtaining through refining of polyphenol compound provides sound tobacco raw material.
Fresh tobacco leaves through naturally withering, ultraviolet irradiation, do the pre-treatment such as blue or green after, flue-cured tobacco personnel are transferred to enter flue-cured tobacco normal procedure: to compile bar, dress hole, baking, especially in the baking stage, strictly observe control of temperature and humidity, abundant maintenance moisture content in leaves slowly scatters and disappears, and promotes the controlled syntheses of its polyphenol compound.
The Flue-cured product that the present invention produces is obviously different from the Flue-cured product that traditional handicraft is produced: invention significantly improves polyphenol compound content, the each processing step of pre-treatment has all carried out technological improvement, effectively ensure that the Flue-cured product polyphenol compound content integral level that the present invention makes improves 64.5%-114.5%, promote particularly evident to the polyphenol compound content of upper tobacco leaf, reach 94.0%-114.5%.Apply the Flue-cured product of this explained hereafter, can be obtaining through refining of polyphenol compound and high-quality raw material is provided, for the turning to of tobacco business, the synergy of peasant planting tobacco extra earning provide new guide direction.
The Flue-cured product that the present invention produces and the Flue-cured product polyphenol compound content balance analysis result that traditional handicraft is produced are in table 1 and table 2.
Table 1 Flue-cured product of the present invention compares (mg/g) with 9 kinds of polyphenol contents in traditional handicraft product
This Flue-cured product of table 2 and traditional handicraft product 9 kinds of polyphenol total amounts compare
Detailed description of the invention
Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.If do not specialize, the conventional means that technological means used in embodiment is well known to those skilled in the art, raw materials usedly weeds teaching practice base, garden by Agricultural University Of Hunan and provides.
Embodiment 1 improves the processing method of adopting polyphenol content in rear tobacco leaf
The bottom fresh tobacco leaves of cloud 87 maturation is plucked at fine day 7:00-9:00 in the morning, be transported to tobacco leaf pre-treatment workshop in time, divide on the thin bamboo strips used for weaving dish of air blue frame, spread thickness 5 tobacco leaves, indoor temperature 30 DEG C, relative air humidity 60%, electric fan flow of secondary air, carries out ultraviolet irradiation after naturally withering 5 hours.Temperature control for 22 DEG C, relative air humidity controls 80%, every 20m 2fill 8 30W portable, distance-type PHILIPS ultraviolet-sterilization fluorescent tubes, open uviol lamp 2 hours, centre is stirred once.Ultraviolet irradiation terminates, and carries out doing green grass or young crops, do blue or green indoor temperature and control at 22 DEG C, relative air humidity 80% with reference to Oolong Tea technique.Shaking blue or green speed setting is 30 revs/min, and first time shakes blue or green 2 minutes, leaves standstill 30 minutes; Second time shakes blue or green 4 minutes, then 22 DEG C, the indoor of relative air humidity 80% leave standstill; Wait at 7 in evening to deliver to barn together and transfer to veteran flue-cured tobacco master worker to carry out follow-up baking process.
The general flavescence of flue-cured tobacco, fixation, dry muscle three-phase-drying for tobacco technique is adopted to carry out.Tobacco leaf dress to be lighted a fire heating behind hole in time, with the speed of 1 DEG C/h, barn dry-bulb temperature is risen to about 36 DEG C, and adjustment skylight opening degree, makes wet-bulb depression keep 2 DEG C-3 DEG C, and extend the steady fiery time, make end canopy blade tip flavescence 15-20cm, offshoot feels like jelly.Still raise dry-bulb temperature with the speed of 1 DEG C/h subsequently and bank up a fire in advance, making dry-bulb temperature maintain about 42 DEG C, adjustment skylight, hole in the ground, make wet-bulb temperature remain on 36-37 DEG C, until two canopy tobacco leaves fade to the floating green grass or young crops of yellowish leukorrhea.Then with the speed of 0.5 DEG C/h, dry-bulb temperature is elevated to about 46 DEG C, wet-bulb temperature remain on 36-37 DEG C constant, until the yellow muscle of the basic pornographic movie of ceiling tobacco leaf, blade hooks sharp crimping.With the speed of 0.5 DEG C/h, dry-bulb temperature is elevated to 52-53 DEG C again, wet-bulb temperature is elevated to 37-38 DEG C, until ceiling tobacco leaf reaches parent roll.Finally with the speed of 1 DEG C/h, dry-bulb temperature is risen to about 68 DEG C, wet-bulb temperature is raised to 40-42 DEG C (inferior leads) gradually, until ceiling tobacco leaf reaches dry muscle standard, lasts 80-100 hour and completes bake process, obtain flue-cured tobacco goods.With 9 kinds of polyphenol compound content in high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram technique analysis flue-cured tobacco goods, polyphenol compound total amount reaches 22.5734 (mg/g).
Contrast experiment 1 (traditional handicraft)
The bottom fresh tobacco leaves of cloud 87 maturation is plucked at fine day 7:00-9:00 in the morning, be transported to tobacco leaf pre-treatment workshop in time, divide on the thin bamboo strips used for weaving dish of air blue frame, spread thickness 5 tobacco leaves, indoor temperature 30 DEG C, relative air humidity 60%, electric fan flow of secondary air, withers naturally, and centre stirs 4 times, to handle with care blade of not damaging, deliver to barn together at 7 in evening and transfer to veteran flue-cured tobacco master worker to carry out follow-up baking process.
The general flavescence of flue-cured tobacco, fixation, dry muscle three-phase-drying for tobacco technique is adopted to carry out.Tobacco leaf dress to be lighted a fire heating behind hole in time, with the speed of 1 DEG C/h, barn dry-bulb temperature is risen to about 36 DEG C, and adjustment skylight opening degree, makes wet-bulb depression keep 2 DEG C-3 DEG C, and extend the steady fiery time, make end canopy blade tip flavescence 15-20cm, offshoot feels like jelly.Still raise dry-bulb temperature with the speed of 1 DEG C/h subsequently and bank up a fire in advance, making dry-bulb temperature maintain about 42 DEG C, adjustment skylight, hole in the ground, make wet-bulb temperature remain on 36-37 DEG C, until two canopy tobacco leaves fade to the floating green grass or young crops of yellowish leukorrhea.Then with the speed of 0.5 DEG C/h, dry-bulb temperature is elevated to about 46 DEG C, wet-bulb temperature remain on 36-37 DEG C constant, until the yellow muscle of the basic pornographic movie of ceiling tobacco leaf, blade hooks sharp crimping.With the speed of 0.5 DEG C/h, dry-bulb temperature is elevated to 52-53 DEG C again, wet-bulb temperature is elevated to 37-38 DEG C, until ceiling tobacco leaf reaches parent roll.Finally with the speed of 1 DEG C/h, dry-bulb temperature is risen to about 68 DEG C, wet-bulb temperature is raised to 40-42 DEG C (inferior leads) gradually, until ceiling tobacco leaf reaches dry muscle standard, lasts 80-100 hour and completes bake process, obtain flue-cured tobacco goods.With 9 kinds of polyphenol compound content in high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram technique analysis flue-cured tobacco goods, polyphenol compound total amount is 12.4031 (mg/g).
Embodiment 2 improves the processing method of adopting polyphenol content in rear tobacco leaf
The middle part fresh tobacco leaves of K326 maturation is plucked at fine day 7:00-9:00 in the morning, be transported to tobacco leaf pre-treatment workshop in time, divide on the thin bamboo strips used for weaving dish of air blue frame, spread thickness 7 tobacco leaves, indoor temperature 32 DEG C, relative air humidity 65%, electric fan flow of secondary air, carries out ultraviolet irradiation after naturally withering 6 hours.Temperature control for 24 DEG C, relative air humidity controls 85%, every 20m 2fill 8 30W portable, distance-type PHILIPS ultraviolet-sterilization fluorescent tubes, open uviol lamp 4 hours, centre is stirred once.Ultraviolet irradiation terminates, and carries out doing green grass or young crops, do blue or green indoor temperature and control at 24 DEG C, relative air humidity 85% with reference to Oolong Tea technique.Shaking blue or green speed setting is 30 revs/min, and first time shakes blue or green 2 minutes, leaves standstill 30 minutes; Second time shakes blue or green 4 minutes, leaves standstill 1 hour; Third time shakes blue or green 6 minutes, then 24 DEG C, the indoor of relative air humidity 85% leave standstill; Wait at 7 in evening to deliver to barn together and transfer to veteran flue-cured tobacco master worker to carry out follow-up baking process.
The general flavescence of flue-cured tobacco, fixation, dry muscle three-phase-drying for tobacco technique is adopted to carry out.Tobacco leaf dress to be lighted a fire heating behind hole in time, with the speed of 1 DEG C/h, barn dry-bulb temperature is risen to about 35 DEG C, and adjustment skylight opening degree, makes wet-bulb depression keep 2 DEG C, extends the steady fire time, and end canopy tobacco leaf is turned yellow the floating green grass or young crops of band, and offshoot feels like jelly.Still raise dry-bulb temperature with the speed of 1 DEG C/h subsequently and bank up a fire in advance, making dry-bulb temperature maintain about 38 DEG C, adjustment skylight, hole in the ground, make wet-bulb temperature remain on about 36 DEG C, until two canopy tobacco leaves fade to pornographic movie blue veins.Then with the speed of 0.5 DEG C/h, dry-bulb temperature is elevated to about 41-42 DEG C, wet-bulb temperature remain on 38-39 DEG C constant, until ceiling tobacco leaf reaches the yellow muscle of pornographic movie, offshoot feels like jelly.With the speed of 0.5 DEG C/h, dry-bulb temperature is elevated to 53-54 DEG C again, wet-bulb temperature is elevated to 39-40 DEG C, until ceiling tobacco leaf reaches to parent roll, two canopy tobacco leaves reach little reel and part parent roll.Finally with the speed of 1 DEG C/h, dry-bulb temperature is risen to about 67-70 DEG C to hold, wet-bulb temperature is raised to gradually and maintains about 42 DEG C, until ceiling tobacco leaf reaches dry muscle standard, lasts 110-130 hour and obtains flue-cured tobacco goods.With 9 kinds of polyphenol compound content in high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram technique analysis flue-cured tobacco goods, polyphenol compound total amount reaches 30.7613 (mg/g).
Contrast experiment 2 (traditional handicraft)
The middle part fresh tobacco leaves of K326 maturation is plucked at fine day 7:00-9:00 in the morning, be transported to tobacco leaf pre-treatment workshop in time, divide on the thin bamboo strips used for weaving dish of air blue frame, spread thickness 7 tobacco leaves, indoor temperature 32 DEG C, relative air humidity 65%, electric fan flow of secondary air, withers naturally, and centre stirs 4 times, to handle with care blade of not damaging, deliver to barn together at 7 in evening and transfer to veteran flue-cured tobacco master worker to carry out follow-up baking process.
The general flavescence of flue-cured tobacco, fixation, dry muscle three-phase-drying for tobacco technique is adopted to carry out.Tobacco leaf dress to be lighted a fire heating behind hole in time, with the speed of 1 DEG C/h, barn dry-bulb temperature is risen to about 35 DEG C, and adjustment skylight opening degree, makes wet-bulb depression keep 2 DEG C, extends the steady fire time, and end canopy tobacco leaf is turned yellow the floating green grass or young crops of band, and offshoot feels like jelly.Still raise dry-bulb temperature with the speed of 1 DEG C/h subsequently and bank up a fire in advance, making dry-bulb temperature maintain about 38 DEG C, adjustment skylight, hole in the ground, make wet-bulb temperature remain on about 36 DEG C, until two canopy tobacco leaves fade to pornographic movie blue veins.Then with the speed of 0.5 DEG C/h, dry-bulb temperature is elevated to about 41-42 DEG C, wet-bulb temperature remain on 38-39 DEG C constant, until ceiling tobacco leaf reaches the yellow muscle of pornographic movie, offshoot feels like jelly.With the speed of 0.5 DEG C/h, dry-bulb temperature is elevated to 53-54 DEG C again, wet-bulb temperature is elevated to 39-40 DEG C, until ceiling tobacco leaf reaches to parent roll, two canopy tobacco leaves reach little reel and part parent roll.Finally with the speed of 1 DEG C/h, dry-bulb temperature is risen to about 67-70 DEG C to hold, wet-bulb temperature is raised to gradually and maintains about 42 DEG C, until ceiling tobacco leaf reaches dry muscle standard, lasts 110-130 hour and obtains flue-cured tobacco goods.With 9 kinds of polyphenol compound content in high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram technique analysis flue-cured tobacco goods, polyphenol compound total amount is 15.0926 (mg/g).
Embodiment 3 improves the processing method of adopting polyphenol content in rear tobacco leaf
The ripe top fresh tobacco leaves of No. 3, Hunan cigarette is plucked at fine day 7:00-9:00 in the morning, be transported to tobacco leaf pre-treatment workshop in time, divide on the thin bamboo strips used for weaving dish of air blue frame, spread thickness 6 tobacco leaves, indoor temperature 36 DEG C, relative air humidity 70%, electric fan flow of secondary air, carries out ultraviolet irradiation after naturally withering 5 hours.Temperature control for 26 DEG C, relative air humidity controls 90%, every 20m 2fill 8 30W portable, distance-type PHILIPS ultraviolet-sterilization fluorescent tubes, open uviol lamp 3 hours, centre is stirred once.Ultraviolet irradiation terminates, and carries out doing green grass or young crops, do blue or green indoor temperature and control at 26 DEG C, relative air humidity 90% with reference to Oolong Tea technique.Shaking blue or green speed setting is 30 revs/min, and first time shakes blue or green 2 minutes, leaves standstill 30 minutes; Second time shakes blue or green 4 minutes, then 26 DEG C, the indoor of relative air humidity 90% leave standstill; Wait at 7 in evening to deliver to barn together and transfer to veteran flue-cured tobacco master worker to carry out follow-up baking process.
The general flavescence of flue-cured tobacco, fixation, dry muscle three-phase-drying for tobacco technique is adopted to carry out.Tobacco leaf dress to be lighted a fire heating behind hole in time, with the speed of 1 DEG C/h, barn dry-bulb temperature is risen to 36-37 DEG C, and adjustment skylight opening degree, makes wet-bulb depression keep 2 DEG C, extends the steady fire time, and tobacco leaf is perspired until end canopy fades to the floating green grass or young crops of yellowish leukorrhea, and offshoot feels like jelly.Still raise dry-bulb temperature with the speed of 0.5 DEG C/h subsequently and bank up a fire in advance, making dry-bulb temperature maintain 39-40 DEG C, adjustment skylight, hole in the ground, make wet-bulb temperature remain on 37 DEG C, until two canopy tobacco leaves fade to the floating green grass or young crops of yellowish leukorrhea.Then with the speed of 0.33-0.5 DEG C/h dry-bulb temperature is elevated to 38-39 DEG C constant, until the yellow muscle of the basic pornographic movie of ceiling tobacco leaf, blade hooks sharp crimping.With the speed of 0.5 DEG C/h, dry-bulb temperature is elevated to 54-55 DEG C again, wet-bulb temperature is elevated to 39-40 DEG C, until this dry plate of ceiling phyllopodium.Finally with the speed of 1 DEG C/h, dry-bulb temperature is risen to about 70 DEG C to hold, wet-bulb temperature is raised to gradually and maintains about 42 DEG C, until ceiling tobacco leaf reaches dry muscle standard, lasts 120-140 hour and obtains flue-cured tobacco goods.With 9 kinds of polyphenol compound content in high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram technique analysis flue-cured tobacco goods, polyphenol compound total amount reaches 34.0724 (mg/g).
Contrast experiment 3 (traditional handicraft)
The ripe top fresh tobacco leaves of No. 3, Hunan cigarette is plucked at fine day 7:00-9:00 in the morning, be transported to tobacco leaf pre-treatment workshop in time, divide on the thin bamboo strips used for weaving dish of air blue frame, spread thickness 6 tobacco leaves, indoor temperature 36 DEG C, relative air humidity 70%, electric fan flow of secondary air, withers naturally, and centre stirs 4 times, to handle with care blade of not damaging, deliver to barn together at 7 in evening and transfer to veteran flue-cured tobacco master worker to carry out follow-up baking process.
The general flavescence of flue-cured tobacco, fixation, dry muscle three-phase-drying for tobacco technique is adopted to carry out.Tobacco leaf dress to be lighted a fire heating behind hole in time, with the speed of 1 DEG C/h, barn dry-bulb temperature is risen to 36-37 DEG C, and adjustment skylight opening degree, makes wet-bulb depression keep 2 DEG C, extends the steady fire time, and tobacco leaf is perspired until end canopy fades to the floating green grass or young crops of yellowish leukorrhea, and offshoot feels like jelly.Still raise dry-bulb temperature with the speed of 0.5 DEG C/h subsequently and bank up a fire in advance, making dry-bulb temperature maintain 39-40 DEG C, adjustment skylight, hole in the ground, make wet-bulb temperature remain on 37 DEG C, until two canopy tobacco leaves fade to the floating green grass or young crops of yellowish leukorrhea.Then with the speed of 0.33-0.5 DEG C/h dry-bulb temperature is elevated to 38-39 DEG C constant, until the yellow muscle of the basic pornographic movie of ceiling tobacco leaf, blade hooks sharp crimping.With the speed of 0.5 DEG C/h, dry-bulb temperature is elevated to 54-55 DEG C again, wet-bulb temperature is elevated to 39-40 DEG C, until this dry plate of ceiling phyllopodium.Finally with the speed of 1 DEG C/h, dry-bulb temperature is risen to about 70 DEG C to hold, wet-bulb temperature is raised to gradually and maintains about 42 DEG C, until ceiling tobacco leaf reaches dry muscle standard, lasts 120-140 hour and obtains flue-cured tobacco goods.With 9 kinds of polyphenol compound content in high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram technique analysis flue-cured tobacco goods, polyphenol compound total amount is 15.8906 (mg/g).
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention.

Claims (6)

1. improve the processing method of adopting polyphenol content in rear tobacco leaf, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) pluck: the bottom of harvesting ripe, middle part, top fresh tobacco leaves;
(2) naturally wither: be split in by the fresh tobacco leaves of harvesting on air blue frame, it is 5-7 sheet that each thin bamboo strips used for weaving dish spreads tobacco leaf thickness, and indoor temperature is 30 DEG C-36 DEG C, relative air humidity 60%-70%, electric fan flow of secondary air, and wither 4-12 hour;
(3) Ultraviolet radiation: the tobacco leaf that step (2) obtains is divided on thin bamboo strips used for weaving dish, indoor temperature controls at 22 DEG C-26 DEG C, relative air humidity 80%-90%, and spreading tobacco leaf thickness is 5-7 sheet, open uviol lamp 2-4 hour, centre is stirred 1-2 time;
(4) green grass or young crops is done: indoor temperature controlled at 22 DEG C-26 DEG C, relative air humidity 80%-90%, is placed in vibration machine by the tobacco leaf that step (3) obtains, and vibration machine speed setting is 30-40 rev/min, first time shakes blue or green 2-4 minute, leaves standstill 20-40 minute; Second time shakes blue or green 4-6 minute, leaves standstill 1-1.5 hour; Third time shakes blue or green 6-8 minute, leaves standstill 1.5-2 hour; Shake for 4th time after blue or green 8-10 minute and leave standstill; Do after green grass or young crops terminates, at 22 DEG C-26 DEG C, the indoor of relative air humidity 80%-90% leave standstill;
(5) compile bar: according to tobacco leaf maturity and do the blue or green extent of damage and compile bar respectively, great Ye 2-3 leaf pugil, leaflet 3-5 leaf pugil, density is proper; The tobacco rod of 1.5-2m, compiles tobacco leaf 50-60 and scoops up;
(6) dress hole: the principle in dress hole is " above giving birth to ripe "; The distance inferior leads of adjacent two bars is 19-22cm, middle leaf top 2-3 canopy tobacco rod interval 20-22cm, bottom 2-3 canopy tobacco rod interval 22-25cm, and upper leaf spacing is 20-22cm, does not interspace;
(7) toast: adopt the general flavescence of flue-cured tobacco, fixation, dry muscle three-phase-drying for tobacco technique to carry out.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described tobacco leaf picking is from cloud 87, K326, Hunan cigarette No. 3 kinds.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, uses the uviol lamp of 30W in step (3), indoor every 20m 28 described uviol lamps are installed.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, doing blue or green in step (4) is 30 revs/min by vibration machine speed setting, and first time shakes blue or green 2 minutes, leaves standstill 30 minutes; Second time shakes blue or green 4 minutes, leaves standstill 1 hour; Third time shakes blue or green 6 minutes, leaves standstill 1.5 hours; Shake blue or green 8 minutes for 4th time, leave standstill.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step (7) baking concrete technology is as follows:
Tobacco leaf dress to be lighted a fire heating behind hole, makes barn dry-bulb temperature rise to 35-37 DEG C with the speed of 1 DEG C/h, and adjustment skylight opening degree, makes wet-bulb depression keep 2 DEG C-3 DEG C, extends the steady fire time, and tobacco leaf is turned yellow the floating green grass or young crops of band, and offshoot feels like jelly; Then raise dry-bulb temperature with the speed of 0.5-1 DEG C/h and bank up a fire in advance, making dry-bulb temperature maintain 38-42 DEG C, adjustment skylight, hole in the ground, make wet-bulb temperature remain on 36-37 DEG C, until two canopy tobacco leaves fade to the floating green grass or young crops of yellowish leukorrhea; Then make dry-bulb temperature rise to 41-48 DEG C and hold with the speed of 0.33-0.5 DEG C/h, wet-bulb temperature remain on 36-39 DEG C constant, until the yellow muscle of the basic pornographic movie of ceiling tobacco leaf, blade hooks sharp crimping, and offshoot feels like jelly; Make dry-bulb temperature rise to 52-55 DEG C with the speed of 0.5 DEG C/h again, wet-bulb temperature rises to 37-40 DEG C, until ceiling tobacco leaf reaches parent roll, and basic dry plate; Finally make dry-bulb temperature rise to 67-70 DEG C with the speed of 1 DEG C/h to hold, wet-bulb temperature rises to 40-42 DEG C gradually, until ceiling tobacco leaf reaches dry muscle standard, lasts 80-140 hour.
6. the tobacco leaf being rich in polyphenol that method obtains according to any one of claim 1-5.
CN201410558372.6A 2014-10-20 2014-10-20 Improve processing method and the tobacco leaf thereof of adopting polyphenol content in rear tobacco leaf Expired - Fee Related CN104432488B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105076548A (en) * 2015-09-29 2015-11-25 漳州玉露食品科技股份有限公司 Baiyaqilan tea making process
CN106174678A (en) * 2016-08-26 2016-12-07 江西省烟草公司赣州市公司 One shows Luzhou-flavor characteristic tobacco baking method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103637392A (en) * 2013-12-05 2014-03-19 贵州省烟草公司贵阳市公司 Tobacco leaf upper portion chopping, collecting, binding and baking method and baking structure
CN103932375A (en) * 2014-04-14 2014-07-23 张灿国 Nine-step loose-leaf bulk curing technique for tobacco

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103637392A (en) * 2013-12-05 2014-03-19 贵州省烟草公司贵阳市公司 Tobacco leaf upper portion chopping, collecting, binding and baking method and baking structure
CN103932375A (en) * 2014-04-14 2014-07-23 张灿国 Nine-step loose-leaf bulk curing technique for tobacco

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105076548A (en) * 2015-09-29 2015-11-25 漳州玉露食品科技股份有限公司 Baiyaqilan tea making process
CN106174678A (en) * 2016-08-26 2016-12-07 江西省烟草公司赣州市公司 One shows Luzhou-flavor characteristic tobacco baking method

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