CN102986444B - A method for promoting woody plant materials to form adventitious roots and develop self-rooted seedlings - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method for promoting woody plant materials to form adventitious roots and develop self-rooted seedlings. Select full and full annual lignified branches or perennial branches of woody plants with hidden buds, maintain the humidity required for the survival of the branches, keep the germinated new branches yellow and delay lignification by controlling light, and induce lateral shoots Rooting, the method is easy to operate, low-carbon and environmentally friendly, and low in cost. It can make some tree species that are difficult to obtain self-rooted seedlings by traditional methods relatively easy to obtain self-rooted seedlings, and increases the material selection range for the production of self-rooted seedlings of easy-to-cut tree species.

Description

A method for promoting woody plant materials to form adventitious roots and develop self-rooted seedlings

technical field

The invention relates to a method for promoting woody plant materials to form adventitious roots and cultivate them into self-rooted seedlings, in particular to a method for promoting hard-to-root woody plant materials to form adventitious roots and cultivate them into self-rooted seedlings, belonging to the technical field of woody plant propagation.

Background technique

Self-rooted seedlings have the irreplaceable advantages of grafted seedlings and seedlings in production and scientific research. They not only have the advantage of maintaining the excellent genetic traits of the female parent, but also have good consistency.

At present, the methods for producing self-rooted seedlings of woody plants mainly include cutting, layering, branching and tissue culture. The first three are widely circulated and ancient traditional methods, which have been used until now, while the latter is a new one that only appeared in the 20th century. method. General hardwood cuttings, layering and branching are easy to operate, do not require special equipment, are simple and easy to do, and cost low, but they are only suitable for plants that are prone to adventitious roots; plants that are difficult to root generally use semi-lignified leaf cuttings It is difficult and expensive to obtain self-rooted seedlings by cutting cuttings or green branches under moderate shading or full light and mist conditions; more difficult rooting requires tissue culture technology, which requires strict aseptic operation and required equipment. The conditions and personnel conditions are all higher, and the cost is also higher; there are some woody plants, and there is no mature and effective method for producing self-rooted seedlings at present.

Plant materials with a low degree of lignification have a strong ability to form adventitious roots, but unlignified woody plant materials are difficult to survive after leaving the parent body. For this reason, plants that are difficult to root are usually cut with semi-lignified cuttings, or through Tissue culture propagation. The semi-lignified cuttings store less nutrients, which often cannot meet the nutrient consumption during the rooting process of the branches. It is necessary to retain an appropriate amount of leaves and place them under sunlight, and produce nutrients through their own photosynthesis to maintain the nutritional requirements during the rooting process. However, because there is no root system that can absorb water, the cuttings will face the risk of water loss and dryness if they are exposed to the sun for a long time. Therefore, appropriate spraying must be used to reduce water loss and maintain the water balance of the cuttings. This makes the process of semi-lignified cuttings more complicated than hard cuttings and requires higher conditions. The explants used in the group culture of seedlings are generally less lignified and need to absorb various nutrients from the outside, that is, the culture medium. The medium is rich in nutrients and creates ideal conditions for the reproduction of microorganisms, so the microorganisms must be isolated from the culture environment through aseptic operation. Sterile conditions are the main reason for the cumbersome and high cost of tissue culture propagation.

So far, there have been no reports of cheap methods that can take advantage of the characteristics of easy rooting of branches with low lignification degree, do not require high environmental conditions, and are easy to operate.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem mainly solved by the invention is to provide a simple new method for obtaining self-rooted seedlings of woody plants.

For solving this technology adopt following technical scheme:

(1) Select full and full annual lignified branches, or perennial branches of woody plants with hidden buds, cut into stems with a length of 10-20cm as cuttings and put them in a plastic vest bag. Keep the moss moisturized, and keep 2/3 of the space in the bag as air, keep it away from light, open the plastic vest bag to check and breathe once a week, and spray to moisturize;

(2) Lateral buds began to germinate one after another in late March. Before and after the germination of lateral buds or hidden buds, spread the preserved stem segments on loose soil with good drainage and ventilation, moss or other mixed substrates, continue to moisturize and avoid light. At the beginning of April, the length of young shoots reaches 3-5cm, and weak scattered light begins to penetrate at this time;

(3) Remove too many new branches, and only keep 2 new shoots on each cutting

(4) High-voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) treatment: the intensity is 45KV/cm, and the time is 2 hours;

(5) Rooting powder is soaked, and described rooting powder is: 2 parts of α-naphthalene acetic acid, 1 part of indole butyric acid, 0.5 part of ABT, 5 parts of potassium tetraborate, 3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 part of vitamin B1, Soak the lower part of the cuttings for 2 hours at a dilution ratio of 600mg: 1L;

(6) The rooting cuttings are moved into the flowerpot, and the matrix of the flowerpot is preferably: according to the weight ratio of horse liver soil, vermiculite, peat soil and perlite=3:1:2:1, the matrix is mixed and bedding thick up to 10cm, and cover the newborn adventitious roots and the base of rooting shoots with substrate, the covering thickness reaches 3cm, gradually increase the intensity of scattered light after transplanting into flower pots, and start exposing to natural sunlight 2 weeks after transplanting, watering as needed.

The beneficial effect of the present invention relative to prior art is:

The method of the present application makes full use of the characteristics of easy rooting of non-lignified branches and the characteristics of one-year to perennial lignified branches that store nutrients and can continuously provide nutrients for new shoots, so that adventitious roots are formed to grow self-rooted seedlings. The main advantages are:

1 Plant growth regulator is an exogenous non-nutritive chemical substance, which can usually be transmitted to the action site in the plant body, and can promote or inhibit certain links in the plant life process at a low concentration, making it To meet the wishes of human needs; traditional plant rooting agents in the prior art are very limited for promoting the rooting of plants, especially for some difficult rooting plants, such as garden trees, etc., the effect is not significant, the inventor of the present application through a large number of Experimental study draws rooting powder formula of the present invention, and it is easy to use, and can improve root system activity, promote root system growth, improve the chlorophyll content of transplanted plant, strengthen photosynthesis, and the plant growth hormone that contains is reasonable proportioning, coordinates interaction, It has the functions of promoting root hair cell division, effectively improving the growth and development of root hair, prolonging the suitable period for plant transplanting, increasing the number of new roots and the growth rate of new roots after transplanting, significantly shortening the slow seedling period, and accelerating growth.

For verifying rooting agent effect of the present invention, establish following three processes as research object with woody plant pecan carya:

Process 1: commercially available powerful root-inducing powder; steps are the same as in Example 1

Process 2: commercially available ABT root-inducing powder is soaked; Step is with embodiment 1

Treatment 3: rooting powder of the present invention is soaked, according to the treatment mode of embodiment 1.

Table 1: Effects of rooting powder on root length, root number growth rate and survival rate

root growth rate root growth rate Survival rate processing 1 9.4% 10% 49% processing 2 19.5% 13.7% 61% processing 3 26.3% 21.5% 75%

2. Use high-voltage electrostatic field to treat cutting branches, which affects the permeability of membrane and the movement of other polar molecules, improves the ability of cells to absorb and transport substances, and thus can promote the growth of tissues. It can not only enhance the vitality of the root system, increase the biomass of the root, improve the survival rate of cuttings, and promote the growth of seedlings, but also enhance the disease resistance, early maturity and high yield. Large, different combinations of strength and time will produce different effects. If the electric field strength is too large or the treatment time is too long, the plant cells will be damaged or even die, while the electric field strength is too small or the time is too short, it will cause treatment. Effect is not obvious, and the inventor of the present application obtains through creative work that for thin-shell hickory nut branch adopting strength is 45KV/cm, and the processing effect of time 2 hours is the best, and root growth rate, cutting survival rate, vigor index numerical value is the largest, and electric conductivity The value is the lowest, and every physiological index is the extreme value.

Table 2: Single factor experiment to verify the effect of high-voltage electrostatic field on the growth of hickory branches

3 Matrix Screening Example

Horse liver soil is a kind of soil unique to the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. It has strong sandiness, can hold roots when it is dry, and can retain water when it is wet. Peat soil has good permeability and great salt balance ability, and perlite and vermiculite are water-absorbing and breathable. After many years of creative work, the inventor of the present application conducted screening and comparison experiments, and obtained horse liver soil, The four substrates of vermiculite, peat and perlite are used in combination according to the weight ratio of 3:1:2:1, and the substrates interact with each other to achieve the effects of breathability, moisture retention and root consolidation.

The invention discloses a method for forming adventitious roots and cultivating self-rooted seedlings from woody plant materials that are difficult to obtain tree species by conventional methods, which greatly increases the range of materials for cutting propagation of tree species that can obtain self-rooted seedlings by traditional methods, and is not limited to semi-lignified branches and annuals. Branches and even perennial tree segments can be used to make good use of the waste material from pruning.

Detailed ways

Embodiment one

On January 25, 2011, the dormant branches of Carya illinoensis, a cultivated plant of the Juglandaceae family, were selected and cut into 20 stems with a length of 20 cm and a diameter of 10-15 mm. They were placed in plastic vest bags as cuttings, and the bags were soaked. Keep the moss moist, and keep 2/3 of the space in the bag as air, and keep it away from light. Lateral buds began to germinate one after another in late March. At the beginning of April, the length of the young shoots reaches 3-5cm, and weak scattered light begins to penetrate at this time; remove too many new shoots, and only keep 2 new shoots on each cutting. On April 26, high-voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) treatment: the intensity was 45KV/cm, and the time was 2 hours; rooting powder was soaked, and the rooting powder was: 2 parts of α-naphthaleneacetic acid, 1 part of indole butyric acid, ABT7 rooting powder 0.5 parts of powder, 5 parts of potassium tetraborate, 3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.5 parts of vitamin B1, soak the lower part of the cuttings for 2 hours at a dilution ratio of 600 mg: 1 L; move the rooting cuttings into a flower pot, and the flower pot substrate is: According to the weight ratio of horse liver soil, vermiculite, peat soil and perlite = 3:1:2:1, the matrix is mixed evenly and the thickness is up to 10cm, and the new adventitious roots and the base of rooting shoots are covered with the matrix to a thickness of 3cm. Gradually increase the intensity of scattered light after the flower pot, and start to expose to natural sunlight 2 weeks after transplanting, and water as needed.

On May 7, the young shoots from the cuttings that had not taken root were rotted or withered one after another. As of December 31, there were 15 seedlings, with a total seedling rate of 75%, an average seedling height of 29.4 cm, and an average base diameter of 0.97 cm.

Embodiment two

On February 7th, 2012, the wild plant Rubus coreanus stolons of Rosaceae were selected, cut into 50 stems with a length of 15 cm, and placed in a plastic waistcoat bag as cuttings, and the moss soaked in the bag was used to keep moisture. And keep 2/3 of the space in the bag as air, and keep it away from light. Open the plastic vest bag once a week to check and ventilate once a week, spray moisture, and the lateral buds will start to germinate in late March. When the length of the young shoots reaches 3 cm, weak scattered light begins to penetrate; remove too many new shoots, and only keep 2 new shoots on each cutting. On April 3, the high-voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) treatment: the intensity was 45KV/cm, and the time was 2 hours; the rooting powder was soaked, and the rooting powder was: 2 parts of α-naphthaleneacetic acid, 1 part of indole butyric acid, ABT7 rooting powder 0.5 parts, 5 parts of potassium tetraborate, 3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 10.5 parts of vitamin B. Soak the lower part of the cuttings for 2 hours at a dilution ratio of 600mg:1L; move the rooting cuttings into a flower pot, and the flower pot substrate is: According to the weight ratio of horse liver soil, vermiculite, peat soil and perlite = 3:1:2:1, the matrix is mixed evenly and the thickness is up to 10cm, and the new adventitious roots and the base of rooting shoots are covered with the matrix to a thickness of 3cm. Gradually increase the intensity of scattered light after the flower pot, and start to expose to natural sunlight 2 weeks after transplanting, and water as needed. Checked on May 8th, 8 plants withered because they did not take root, and 42 branches survived. At the end of November, 42 plants were still alive, with a survival rate of 84%.

Although, the present invention has been described in detail with general description and specific implementation above, but on the basis of the present invention, some modifications or improvements can be made to it, or the method can be implemented in tree species outside the implementation case, which It will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the modifications, improvements or scope extensions made on the basis of not departing from the spirit of the present invention all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. the method impelling the woody plant material to form adventive root and be bred as own-rooted tree is characterized in that:

(1) choose lignified annual extremely perennial branch 1-2 month, be cut into the stem section of length 15-20cm, as cutting, be placed in the plastics plastic shopping bag, use the liver moss moisturizing of soaking in bag, and to keep, in bag, 2/3 space to be arranged be air, keep in Dark Place, jede Woche is opened the plastics plastic shopping bag and is checked and breathe freely once, spraying and moisturizing;

(2) the late March lateral bud starts to sprout successively, and at the beginning of 4 months, tender tip length reaches 3～5cm, now starts to penetrate faint scattered light;

(3) remove too much shoot, only retain 2 tender tips of new life on every root cutting;

(4) high-voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) processes: intensity is 45KV/cm, time 2 h;

(5) root-inducing powder soaks, and described root-inducing powder is: 2 parts of α-naphthaleneacetic acid, 1 part of indolebutyric acid, ABT0.5 part, 5 parts of dipotassium tetraborates, 3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, vitamin B1 are 0.5 part; With the 600mg root-inducing powder: the dilution proportion of 1L water, then soak and transplant a cutting bottom 2h;

(6) will take root and transplant a cutting move in flowerpot, the matrix of flowerpot is: according to horse liver soil, vermiculite, peat soil and perlite weight ratio=3:1:2:1, described matrix mixes the thick 10cm of reaching of place mat, and cover newborn adventive root by matrix, cladding thickness reaches 3cm, increase gradually the scattering light intensity after moving into flowerpot, 2 weeks started to be exposed under natural sunlight after transplanting, water as required;

Described woody plant material is apocarya.