CN104429488A - Method for growing oil-bearing winter rape in Beijing area - Google Patents
Method for growing oil-bearing winter rape in Beijing area Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for growing oil-bearing winter rape in the Beijing area and relates to a method for growing oil-bearing crops, in particular to a method suitable for growing oil-bearing winter rape in the Beijing area. An oil-bearing winter rape growing method suitable for the climatic features of the Beijing area is provided. The method for growing the oil-bearing winter rape in the Beijing area comprises the following steps of variety selection, sufficient pre-sowing water irrigation, soil preparation and fertilization, sowing, management before wintering, management in the period of seedling establishment, management in the bud stage and the flowering period, and harvesting. By the adoption of the method for growing the oil-bearing winter rape in the Beijing area, the blank of the technique for growing the oil-bearing winter rape in the Beijing area is filled, and the oil-bearing winter rape can be successfully grown in the Beijing area. The method for growing the oil-bearing winter rape in the Beijing area belongs to the field of growing of the oil-bearing winter rape in the Beijing area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivation method of a kind of oil crop, particularly relate to a kind of cultivation method being suitable for the oil winter rape of Beijing area.
Background technology
Beijing is in autumn in 2007 introduction of plant oil winter rape, but owing to lacking technical support, plant oil winter rape then partially late for sowing time, the Han Han district kind overwintering survival rate only introduced from Gansu is only about 30%, rape of surviving the winter from the Yellow River and Huai He River district of Henan introduction is all freezed to death, and can not normally survive the winter.
In " northern territory, Lanzhou winter rape high-yield cultivation technique specification " and " Xinjiang region winter rape cultivation technical specification " that Gansu Agriculture University formulates, to the kind of winter rape plantation, date of seeding, density, fertilizers input, field management, the extermination of disease and insect pest, results and threshing etc. have been described in detail, but because ecological zone is different, weather conditions differ greatly, the kind that Beijing area oil winter rape culture technique is planted in the suitable suburb of Beijing, date of seeding, fertilizers input amount, extermination of disease and insect pest type and results and the threshing time go up and two places completely different, above method is made not to be suitable for Beijing area completely.Thus the oil winter rape cultivation method finding out a kind of suitable Beijing area climatic characteristic is badly in need of, to fill up the blank of Beijing area oil winter rape culture technique.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the oil winter rape cultivation method of a kind of suitable Beijing area climatic characteristic.
The cultivation method of Beijing area of the present invention oil winter rape, comprises the following steps:
One, Fruit variety: oil winter rape variety is Chinese cabbage type kind Tianyou 5, No. 8, sky oil No. 6, day oil, No. 6, Gansu Province oil and No. 9, Gansu Province oil;
Two, water sufficient pre-sowing water: the plot of soil moisture content deficiency, before broadcasting, water sufficient pre-sowing water, make 0-20cm soil layer relative water content reach 70 ~ 75%;
Three, site preparation and fertilization: use sufficient base fertilizer before whole ground, executes purity nitrogen 7-9kg, five phosphorous oxide 8-10kg, potassium oxide 4-5kg for every mu; Adopting turns over adds the mode of light rake or rotary tillage wholely, and accomplish defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, topsoil is deep, grading;
Four, sow: the sowing time is 1-September 15 September; Seeding quantity is 0.5-0.75kg/ mu, and adopt wheat seeder machine sowing, be transferred to minimum by the amount of broadcasting during sowing, in rape seed, mix sizable gravel or ripe millet with rape seed, line-spacing 20cm, seed level 2-3cm, broadcast rear suppression; Sowing requires that seeding down is even, and the depth is consistent;
Five, manage before surviving the winter: when growing 2-3 sheet true leaf after emerging, carry out seedling thinning; When growing 4-5 sheet true leaf, final singling; Final singling requires that every mu is stayed seedling 4-6 ten thousand strain for spacing in the rows 5-10cm; Mid or late November fills with and to survive the winter water, and mu is poured water 50m
3;
Six, period of seedling establishment management: next year late March fill with and to turn green water, irrigation quantity is 30-40m
3/ mu; Purity nitrogen 4-5kg/ mu is executed before pouring water;
Seven, tongue flower bud phase and management in flowering stage: bolting is to the flowering phase, and irrigation quantity is 30-40m
3/ mu; Spraying concentration is 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate;
Eight, gather in the crops: in the angle fruit maturing stage, gather in the crops in time; Harvest time is the morning or cloudy day;
Wherein, the survive the winter condition of water of the filling described in step 5 is: daily mean temperature is 3-5 DEG C, and wind-force is less than level Four.
It is good that the oil winter rape variety selected in step one of the present invention has disease resistance, and the feature that cold resistance is strong, can survive the winter smoothly in Beijing, and yielding ability is good, is thus suitable for planting in Beijing; Sowing time in step 4 of the present invention early than September 1, over growth before the winter, plant nutrition consumption is many, is unfavorable for safe overwintering; Date of seeding, is later than September 20, and before the winter, amount of growth is little, and plant dry substance accumulation is not enough, is also unfavorable for safe overwintering; Seeding quantity in step 4 of the present invention and stay seedling amount, is too sparsely unfavorable for high yield, overstocked easy lodging; Seedling thinning object after emerging in step 5 of the present invention takes advantage of seedling for preventing seedling; In step 5 of the present invention, the time of seedling thinning final singling crosses and is later than the time of the present invention, is unfavorable for individual robust growth, is unfavorable for safe overwintering; Watering water of surviving the winter in step 5 of the present invention is the important measures of safe overwintering of keeping a full stand of seedings, if do not water water of surviving the winter, cold drought is accompanied each other and is unfavorable for safe overwintering; In step 6 of the present invention, period of seedling establishment applies the reason of nitrogen and is: winter rape grows very fast after turning green, in conjunction with turning green, water topdresses, and can ensure the nutrient demand of plant, so as not to the later stage plant apply fertilizer and affect growth with not easily entering after growing tall; Water in step 7 of the present invention and spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate, can promote that robust plant grows and full seed; In step 8 of the present invention, harvest time selects the morning or cloudy day, and object, for avoiding fried pod, causes damage.
Further, apply fertilizer described in the step 3 described in cultivation method of Beijing area of the present invention oil winter rape, also apply the farmyard manure become thoroughly decomposed, applied amount is every mu of 1000-2000kg.
Further, the sowing time described in the step 4 described in cultivation method of Beijing area of the present invention oil winter rape is 1-September 10 September.
Further, before surviving the winter described in the step 5 described in cultivation method of Beijing area of the present invention oil winter rape, management, also will prevent and treat cabbage caterpillar and aphid.
Further, tongue flower bud phase and blooming period management described in the step 7 described in cultivation method of Beijing area of the present invention oil winter rape, also will prevent eliminating aphis and Liriomyza.
Further, tongue flower bud phase and blooming period management described in the step 7 described in cultivation method of Beijing area of the present invention oil winter rape, anti-eliminating aphis with the method for Liriomyza is: when insect pest occurs, use 10% Imidacloprid wettable emulsion 30-40g or 25% Diacloden 5-10g, spray for every mu.
The aphid prevented and treated in step 7 of the present invention and Liriomyza are the primary pest of Beijing area winter rape, if prevent and treat insect not in time can blot leaf juice very soon, the inflorescence withered seed that affects in rape top are normally in the milk and the quantity that bears pods, unfavorable high yield.
Further, the fruit maturing stage of angle described in the step 8 described in cultivation method of Beijing area of the present invention oil winter rape is at the beginning of by the end of May to 6 month.
The cultivation method of Beijing area of the present invention oil winter rape and the difference of prior art are:
1, the cultivation method of Beijing area of the present invention oil winter rape, having filtered out the winter rape variety be suitable in Beijing plantation, to have disease resistance good, and the feature that cold resistance is strong, can survive the winter smoothly in Beijing, and yielding ability is good; The date of seeding that the present invention selects, can ensure that plant amount of growth is enough before the winter, can accumulate abundant dry matter, and can not because of the too much nutrient of over growth consumption, thus safe overwintering; Seeding quantity of the present invention and stay seedling amount to ensure high yield, and the generation of the phenomenon that prevents from lodging; The present invention's pouring water of surviving the winter is conducive to winter rape and passes the winter safely; The present invention topdresses at period of seedling establishment, and the time is suitable for, and topdresses conveniently, and supplements nutrient needed for plant in time; Water spray in step 7 of the present invention and spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate, can promote that robust plant grows and full seed.
2, the cultivation method of Beijing area of the present invention oil winter rape, has filled up Beijing area winter rape planting technology blank, adopts method of the present invention to make oil winter rape successfully land Beijing.
3, the cultivation method of Beijing area of the present invention oil winter rape, adds exposed farmland, Beijing and administer ecological crop kind, and winter rape has both the ecological double action covering and promote Farmland Landscape, has become the good ecoscape crop in the suburb of Beijing at present.
4, method of the present invention has promoted the adjustment of Beijing area crop mix.
5, the rape flower field adopting method of the present invention to plant has become the good place to go of citizen's outing, has promoted the development of suburb of Beijing travel industry.
Embodiment
Be described further below in conjunction with the cultivation method of embodiment to Beijing area of the present invention oil winter rape.
Embodiment 1
The cultivation method of the Beijing area oil winter rape of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:
One, Fruit variety: the oil winter rape variety of selection is Chinese cabbage type kind Tianyou 5, No. 6, sky oil and day No. 8, oil;
Two, water sufficient pre-sowing water: the plot of soil moisture content deficiency, before broadcasting, water sufficient pre-sowing water, make 0-20cm soil layer relative water content reach 70 ~ 75%;
Three, site preparation and fertilization: use sufficient base fertilizer before whole ground, executes purity nitrogen 7kg, five phosphorous oxide 8kg, potassium oxide 4kg for every mu, every mu of farmyard manure 1000kg executing to become thoroughly decomposed; Adopting turns over adds the mode of light rake wholely, and accomplish defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, topsoil is deep, grading;
Four, seed treatment: adopt selection by winnowing, remove flat seed and impurity, select cleanliness more than 95%, full, the pure seed of purity more than 99%; Do germination test by towel method, ensure that the percentage of seedgermination of sowing is more than 85%; Bask seeds before broadcasting 1 ~ 2 day, make seed moisture proportion lower than 10%, absorb water fast to broadcast rear seed, improve germination rate and emergence rate;
Five, sow: September 1 was sowed; Seeding quantity is 0.5kg/ mu, and adopt wheat seeder machine sowing, be transferred to minimum by the amount of broadcasting during sowing, in rape seed, mix sizable gravel or ripe millet with rape seed, line-spacing 20cm, seed level 2cm, broadcast rear suppression; Sowing requires that seeding down is even, and the depth is consistent;
Six, manage before surviving the winter: when growing 2-3 sheet true leaf after emerging, carry out seedling thinning; When growing 4-5 sheet true leaf, final singling; Final singling requires that every mu is stayed seedling 5-6 ten thousand strain for spacing in the rows 5-7cm; Filled with November 16 and to survive the winter water, mu is poured water 50m
3, safe overwintering of keeping a full stand of seedings;
Seven, period of seedling establishment management: March 28 next year fills with water of turning green, and irrigation quantity is 30m
3/ mu; Purity nitrogen 4kg/ mu is executed before pouring water;
Eight, tongue flower bud phase and management in flowering stage: the flowering phase, injection flow rate is 40m
3/ mu; Spraying concentration is 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, to promote full seed;
Nine, pest control: Beijing area winter rape primary pest is aphid and Liriomyza, insect pest occur time, every mu spray 10% Imidacloprid wettable emulsion 30g;
Ten, gather in the crops: 28-29 day in May, angle fruit is ripe, gathers in the crops in time; Select carry out the morning during results, avoid fried pod, cause damage.
Embodiment 2
One, Fruit variety: the oil winter rape variety of selection is No. 6, Chinese cabbage type kind Gansu Province oil and No. 9, Gansu Province oil;
Two, water sufficient pre-sowing water: the plot of soil moisture content deficiency, before broadcasting, water sufficient pre-sowing water, make 0-20cm soil layer relative water content reach 70 ~ 75%;
Three, site preparation and fertilization: use sufficient base fertilizer before whole ground, executes purity nitrogen 9kg, five phosphorous oxide 10kg, potassium oxide 4kg for every mu, every mu of farmyard manure 2000kg executing to become thoroughly decomposed; Adopt the mode of rotary tillage wholely, accomplish defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, topsoil is deep, grading;
Four, seed treatment: with the sieve screening flat seed of removing and impurity, select cleanliness more than 95%, full, the pure seed of purity more than 99%; Do germination test with filter paper method, ensure that the percentage of seedgermination of sowing is more than 85%; Bask seeds before broadcasting 1 ~ 2 day, make seed moisture proportion lower than 10%, absorb water fast to broadcast rear seed, improve germination rate and emergence rate;
Five, sow: September 15 was sowed; Seeding quantity is 0.75kg/ mu, and adopt wheat seeder machine sowing, in rape seed, mix sizable gravel or ripe millet with rape seed, line-spacing 20cm, seed level 3cm, broadcast rear suppression; Sowing requires that seeding down is even, and the depth is consistent;
Six, manage before surviving the winter: when growing 2-3 sheet true leaf after emerging, carry out seedling thinning; When growing 4-5 sheet true leaf, final singling; Final singling requires that every mu is stayed seedling 4-5 ten thousand strain for spacing in the rows 7-10cm; Filled with November 25 and to survive the winter water, mu is poured water 50m
3, safe overwintering of keeping a full stand of seedings;
Seven, period of seedling establishment management: March 20 next year fills with water of turning green, and irrigation quantity is 40m
3/ mu; Purity nitrogen 5kg/ mu is executed before pouring water;
Eight, tongue flower bud phase and management in flowering stage: the flowering phase, injection flow rate is 30m
3/ mu; Spraying concentration is 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, to promote full seed;
Nine, pest control: Beijing area winter rape primary pest is aphid and Liriomyza, insect pest occur time, every mu spray 25% Diacloden 5g;
Ten, gather in the crops: 3-4 day in June, angle fruit is ripe, gathers in the crops in time, selects the cloudy day to gather in the crops; Avoid fried pod, cause damage.
Embodiment 3
One, Fruit variety: the oil winter rape variety of selection is Chinese cabbage type kind Tianyou 5, No. 8, sky oil and No. 9, Gansu Province oil;
Two, water sufficient pre-sowing water: the plot of soil moisture content deficiency, before broadcasting, water sufficient pre-sowing water, make 0-20cm soil layer relative water content reach 70 ~ 75%;
Three, site preparation and fertilization: use sufficient base fertilizer before whole ground, executes purity nitrogen 8kg, five phosphorous oxide 9kg, potassium oxide 4.5kg for every mu; Adopting turns over adds the mode of light rake wholely, and accomplish defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, topsoil is deep, grading;
Four, seed treatment: adopt wet concentration to remove flat seed and impurity, select cleanliness more than 95%, full, the pure seed of purity more than 99%; Do germination test with filter paper method, ensure that the percentage of seedgermination of sowing is more than 85%; Bask seeds before broadcasting 1 ~ 2 day, make seed moisture proportion lower than 10%, absorb water fast to broadcast rear seed, improve germination rate and emergence rate;
Five, sow: September 11 was sowed; Seeding quantity is 0.55kg/ mu, and adopt wheat seeder machine sowing, be transferred to less by the amount of broadcasting during sowing, in rape seed, mix sizable gravel or ripe millet with rape seed, line-spacing 20cm, seed level 2.5cm, broadcast rear suppression.Sowing requires that seeding down is even, and the depth is consistent;
Six, manage before surviving the winter: when growing 2-3 sheet true leaf after emerging, carry out seedling thinning; When growing 4-5 sheet true leaf, final singling; Final singling requires that every mu is stayed seedling 5-5.5 ten thousand strain for spacing in the rows 8cm; Filled with November 22 and to survive the winter water, mu is poured water 50m
3, safe overwintering of keeping a full stand of seedings;
Seven, period of seedling establishment management: March 22 next year fills with water of turning green, and irrigation quantity is 35m
3/ mu; Purity nitrogen 4.5kg/ mu is executed before pouring water;
Eight, tongue flower bud phase and management in flowering stage: in the bolting stage, injection flow rate is 35m
3/ mu; Spraying concentration is 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, to promote full seed;
Nine, pest control: Beijing area winter rape primary pest is aphid and Liriomyza, when insect pest occurs, every mu sprays 10% Imidacloprid wettable emulsion 40g;
Ten, gather in the crops: 27-30 day in May, the angle fruit maturing stage gathers in the crops in time, selects the cloudy day to gather in the crops, avoids fried pod, cause damage.
Demonstration test
One, the checking of kind is chosen
1, kind Evaluation of Cold Tolerance
2008-2011 has carried out screening varieties test in continuous 4 years, and kind is the Chinese cabbage type winter rape variety introduced from Gansu Agriculture University and the Tianshui city institute of agricultural sciences, and kind overwintering survival rate is in table 1.In table, Gansu Province 6 is No. 6, Gansu Province oil, and Gansu Province 7 is No. 7, Gansu Province oil, and Gansu Province 8 is No. 8, Gansu Province oil, and Gansu Province 9 is No. 9, Gansu Province oil; It 2 is No. 2, sky oil, and sky 4 be No. 4, sky oil, and sky 5 be Tianyou 5, and sky 6 is oily No. 6 of sky, and sky 8 is oily No. 8 of sky.Test shows, No. 5,6,8, sky oil and Gansu Province oil 6, No. 9 cold resistances good, overwintering survival rate is high, is suitable for planting in Beijing.
Kind overwintering survival rate (unit: %) in the test of table 12008-2011 screening varieties
2, variety yield performance
2008-2011 screening varieties yield result shows, it No. 8,6,5, oil and No. 6,9, Gansu Province oil comparatively contrast sky oil No. 2 mu volume increase 9.4%-29.5%, average mu increases production 28.9 kilograms, amplification 21.3%, show high and stable yields, although Gansu Province oil No. 8 output are also higher, this kind is grown slower spring, compared with the late-maturing 3-5 days of other kind, be unsuitable for plantation on Beijing produces.The results are shown in Table 2.
Table 22008-2011 screening varieties test output
Comprehensive cold resistance and yield trials result, determine No. 5,6,8, oil winter rape variety sky oil and the suitable Beijing area plantation of No. 6,9, Gansu Province oil.
Two, Beijing area oil was studied with the sowing time that winter rape is suitable
1, under different sowing dates, winter rape overwintering survival rate used by oil
In order to find out the Suitable Sowing Period of winter rape in Beijing area, the suitable research in sowing time of kind within continuous 3 years, has been carried out in 2010-2012, overwintering survival rate statistics shows, 1-September 15 September is sowed, winter rape overwintering survival rate is all more than 85%, and sowing on September 22 survival rate is about 30%, then the Postpone sowing phase, almost can not survive, the results are shown in Table 3.
Under table 3 different sowing dates, winter rape overwintering survival rate used by oil
2, under different sowing dates, winter rape output used by oil
Survey product result to show, the winter rape of sowing on 1-September 15 September, child's hair twisted in a knot-childhood fruit number is many, and survival rate is high, and output is high, wherein the highest with the output of early September sowing, the results are shown in Table 4.
Under table 4 different sowing dates, winter rape output used by oil
It can thus be appreciated that the sowing time that Beijing area winter rape is suitable for is 1-September 15 September.
Three, winter rape suitable planting density research
1, winter rape survival rate result under different densities
In order to find out the winter rape planting density suitable in Beijing area, in 2009 and 2010 having been carried out to the test of winter rape different densities, overwintering survival rate analysis shows, reduce along with density increases winter rape survival rate, may be relevant with plant dry substance accumulation size, higher with the survival rate of 2-6 ten thousand strain, on average more than 85%, the results are shown in Table 5.
Winter rape overwintering survival rate under the different planting density of table 5
2, winter rape yield result under different densities
Test shows, stays the process individual plant branch of strain 4-6 ten thousand more under different densities with mu, and individual plant effective angle fruit number is many, and output is higher, the results are shown in Table 6.
Winter rape yield result under the different planting density of table 6
Four, winter rape is in the popularizing planting effect of Beijing area
Make winter rape successfully move northward to plant to Beijing, 2008-2013, build test, 6, demonstration area (2, demonstration area, hundred mu of 4, thousand mu, demonstration areas) altogether, nearly 50,000 mu of Demonstration And Extension, average yield per mu at 150.5 kilograms, by unit price 5.0 yuan/kilogram, per mu yield is worth 842.5 yuan, removing cost 350 yuan, mu benefit, at 492.5 yuan, amounts to newly-increased net earnings 2462.5 ten thousand yuan.Except obtaining good economic effect, in Beijing, plantation also achieves following effect to winter rape.
1,4 kinds of cropping patterns have been explored
One is plant in scale farmland, replaces winter wheat to administer the exposed farmland of winter-spring season, the rape flower lifting Farmland Landscape that spring is in blocks; Two is plant in woodland, makes graceful garden landscape; Three is plant in sightseeing garden, enriches garden view intension, and attract tourists sightseeing; Four is plant in ditch on both sides of the road, beautifies roadside view.
2, have developed 5 kinds of purposes
One be the ripe previous crops of Post flowering is the direct chopping and returning of green manure; Two is that ripe rear results are as seed; Three is results seed raw materials as oil expression; Four are previous crops of blooming after bolting is tender flower stalk edible (cabbage type rape); Five is feed cattle and sheep as green fodder.
3, Demonstration And Extension effect obtains remarkable result
Be accumulated at suburb of Beijing demonstration plant and be mainly distributed in 7 districts such as Tongzhou, Fangshan, Huairou, Mentougou, Fengtai, Chaoyang and Shunyi.Winter rape plantation has good ecology, view, economic and social benefit:
One is that ecological benefits are remarkable, and Beijing area early September plantation winter rape, spring 3, April intend dirt effect up to 99%, suitable with wheat.
Two is that Landscape benefit is good, winter rape is bloomed in mid-April throughout the year, May Day enters full-bloom stage, golden yellow rape flower in blocks well improves Farmland Landscape, large quantities of citizen have been attracted to go to visit, drive suburb of Beijing tourism, shortened the distance of urban and rural residents, be conducive to promoting urban-rural integration development.
Three is that potential economic benefit is obvious, and Beijing plantation winter rape results seed mu benefit is at more than 400 yuan, suitable with wheat.But results tender flower stalk economic benefits.If combined with tourism, increasing substantially of local catering trade, agricultural product consumption can be driven, have very large potential economic benefit.
Four is that social benefit is remarkable.(1) contradiction of the two crops in one year accumulated temperature deficiency that the city exists for many years is efficiently solved, about winter rape planting season and harvest time shifting to an earlier date two weeks than winter wheat, effectively can alleviate the summer corn contradiction that maturation is bad because sunlight-heat reaources is not enough in winter wheat+summer corn two crops in one year cropping pattern; (2) harvest time and sowing time more Zao than wheat, it is just passable that rape seeding machine can add a pickup by the seeding wheel of repacking wheat seeder, reaping machine before type wheat harvester, so greatly alleviate the pressure of agricultural machinery working, reduce the quantity of disposition of farm machineries, alleviate the pressure of government's the allowance for purchase of agricultural machinery.
Although the foregoing describe the specific embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that these only illustrate, protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.Those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not deviating from principle of the present invention and essence, can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments, but these change and amendment all falls into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a cultivation method for Beijing area oil winter rape, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
One, Fruit variety: oil winter rape variety is Chinese cabbage type kind Tianyou 5, No. 8, sky oil No. 6, day oil, No. 6, Gansu Province oil and No. 9, Gansu Province oil;
Two, water sufficient pre-sowing water: the plot of soil moisture content deficiency, water sufficient pre-sowing water, make 0-20cm soil layer relative water content reach 70 ~ 75%;
Three, site preparation and fertilization: use sufficient base fertilizer before whole ground, executes purity nitrogen 7-9kg, five phosphorous oxide 8-10kg, potassium oxide 4-5kg for every mu; Adopting turns over adds the mode of light rake or rotary tillage wholely, and accomplish defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, topsoil is deep, grading;
Four, sow: the sowing time is 1-September 15 September; Seeding quantity is 0.5-0.75kg/ mu, and adopt wheat seeder machine sowing, in rape seed, mix sizable gravel or ripe millet with rape seed, line-spacing 20cm, seed level 2-3cm, broadcast rear suppression; Sowing requires that the depth is consistent for seeding down is even;
Five, manage before surviving the winter: when growing 2-3 sheet true leaf after emerging, carry out seedling thinning; When growing 4-5 sheet true leaf, final singling; Final singling requires that every mu is stayed seedling 4-6 ten thousand strain for spacing in the rows 5-10cm; Mid or late November fills with and to survive the winter water, and mu is poured water 50m
3;
Six, period of seedling establishment management: next year late March fill with and to turn green water, irrigation quantity is 30-40m
3/ mu; Purity nitrogen 4-5kg/ mu is executed before pouring water;
Seven, tongue flower bud phase and management in flowering stage: bolting is to the flowering phase, and irrigation quantity is 30-40m
3/ mu; Spraying concentration is 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate;
Eight, gather in the crops: in the angle fruit maturing stage, gather in the crops in time; Harvest time is the morning or cloudy day;
Wherein, the survive the winter condition of water of the filling described in step 5 is: daily mean temperature is 3-5 DEG C, and wind-force is less than level Four.
2. the cultivation method of Beijing area according to claim 1 oil winter rape, is characterized in that: apply fertilizer described in described step 3, also applies the farmyard manure become thoroughly decomposed, and applied amount is every mu of 1000-2000kg.
3. the cultivation method of Beijing area according to claim 1 oil winter rape, is characterized in that: the sowing time described in described step 4 is 1-September 10 September.
4. the cultivation method of Beijing area according to claim 1 oil winter rape, is characterized in that: management before surviving the winter described in described step 5, also will prevent and treat cabbage caterpillar and aphid.
5. the cultivation method of Beijing area according to claim 1 oil winter rape, is characterized in that: tongue flower bud phase and blooming period management described in described step 7, also will prevent eliminating aphis and Liriomyza.
6. the cultivation method of Beijing area oil winter rape according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterized in that: tongue flower bud phase and blooming period management described in described step 7, anti-eliminating aphis with the method for Liriomyza is: when insect pest occurs, use 10% Imidacloprid wettable emulsion 30-40g or 25% Diacloden 5-10g, spray for every mu.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108541529A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-09-18 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院农业研究所 | Linzhi Area of Tibet rape peach blossom stereoscopic landscape dimension stereo agriculture planting method |
| CN110419400A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-08 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | One season of one kind the suety dish of ecological green, a season millet rain support water-saving planting method |
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| CN102124898A (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2011-07-20 | 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 | Method for mechanically harvesting winter rape efficiently with low power consumption |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108541529A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-09-18 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院农业研究所 | Linzhi Area of Tibet rape peach blossom stereoscopic landscape dimension stereo agriculture planting method |
| CN110419400A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-08 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | One season of one kind the suety dish of ecological green, a season millet rain support water-saving planting method |
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Inventor after: Zhou Jihong Inventor after: Sun Wancang Inventor after: Liu Zhiqun Inventor after: Wang Junying Inventor after: Shi Jianhong Inventor after: Mao Sishuai Inventor after: Zhu Qingyan Inventor after: Li Xun Inventor after: Liu Guoming Inventor after: Tong Guoxiang Inventor after: Cao Haijun Inventor before: Zhou Jihong Inventor before: Wang Junying Inventor before: Shi Jianhong Inventor before: Mao Sishuai Inventor before: Zhu Qingyan Inventor before: Li Xun Inventor before: Liu Guoming Inventor before: Tong Guoxiang Inventor before: Cao Haijun |
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Free format text: CORRECT: INVENTOR; FROM: ZHOU JIHONG WANG JUNYING SHI JIANHONG MAO SISHUAI ZHU QINGYAN LI XUN LIU GUOMING TONG GUOXIANG CAO HAIJUN TO: ZHOU JIHONG WANG JUNYING SHI JIANHONG MAO SISHUAI ZHU QINGYAN LI XUN LIU GUOMING TONG GUOXIANG CAO HAIJUN SUN WANCANG LIU ZHIQUN |
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